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WO2018121688A1 - Procédé de préparation de poudre sphérique d'impression 3d utilisant un plasma - Google Patents

Procédé de préparation de poudre sphérique d'impression 3d utilisant un plasma Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018121688A1
WO2018121688A1 PCT/CN2017/119529 CN2017119529W WO2018121688A1 WO 2018121688 A1 WO2018121688 A1 WO 2018121688A1 CN 2017119529 W CN2017119529 W CN 2017119529W WO 2018121688 A1 WO2018121688 A1 WO 2018121688A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
powder
printing
spherical
plasma
metal
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2017/119529
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
江民德
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Publication of WO2018121688A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018121688A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
    • B22F1/065—Spherical particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/14—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes using electric discharge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
    • C04B35/62645—Thermal treatment of powders or mixtures thereof other than sintering
    • C04B35/62665—Flame, plasma or melting treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
    • C04B35/62695—Granulation or pelletising

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of a method for preparing a 3D printing powder, in particular to a method for preparing a spherical 3D printing powder by using plasma.
  • the method has the advantages of simple process and low energy consumption, and the prepared 3D printing powder has high purity and concentrated distribution, and the method not only improves the product quality of the 3D printing powder, but also obtains a 3D printing powder with a high sphericity. Spherical particles, loose bulk ratio, stable quality, small deformation of the product, low production cost (about 1/5-1/6 of the price of imported 3D printing powder), it is worth promoting.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • a method for preparing spherical 3D printing powder by using plasma comprising the following steps:
  • At least one of metal powder, prealloy powder, ceramic powder is sent to a plasma flame, plasma high temperature treatment, the temperature of the plasma flame is 10000-30000 ° C;
  • a high temperature plasma flame melts at least one of the metal powder, the prealloy powder, and the ceramic powder of the step 1) into droplets, and the molten droplets form a sphere under surface tension;
  • the spherical liquid droplets are dropped by gravity into a cooling device through which the powdered argon gas is fed, and the spherical liquid droplets are rapidly cooled under the protection of the powdered argon gas to prepare a spherical 3D printing powder; or
  • the spherical droplets are dropped into water under the action of gravity or dripped into a cooling device containing water to prepare a spherical 3D printing powder.
  • the plasma flame has a temperature of 11,000 to 29000 ° C, for example, 11,000 ° C, 12500 ° C, 15000 ° C, 18000 ° C, 20000 ° C, 25000 ° C or 29000 ° C.
  • the metal powder has a particle diameter of 20 to 100 ⁇ m; the prealloyed powder has a particle diameter of 20 to 100 ⁇ m; and the ceramic powder has a particle diameter of 20 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the metal powder is at least one selected from the group consisting of a metal element, a metal oxide, a metal carbide, a metal nitride or a metal silicide.
  • the metal element in powder form is at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium powder, copper powder, tantalum powder, tantalum powder, molybdenum powder, tungsten powder or aluminum powder.
  • the metal oxide is at least one selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide or magnesium oxide
  • the metal carbide is at least one selected from the group consisting of calcium carbide, zirconium carbide, titanium carbide or magnesium carbide
  • metal nitride And at least one selected from the group consisting of calcium nitride, zirconium nitride, titanium nitride or magnesium nitride
  • the metal silicide is at least one selected from the group consisting of calcium silicide, zirconium silicide, titanium silicide or magnesium silicide
  • the metal carbide is selected from the group consisting of At least one of calcium carbide, zirconium carbide, titanium carbide or magnesium carbide.
  • the prealloy is selected from at least one of a cobalt chromium tungsten alloy, a titanium alloy or a stainless steel alloy.
  • the prealloy is selected from at least one of a superalloy or a corrosion resistant alloy.
  • the prealloy is selected from the group consisting of dental repairing alloys.
  • the ceramic powder is selected from the group consisting of cermet powders.
  • the cermet powder is at least one selected from the group consisting of an oxide-based cermet, a carbide-based cermet, a nitride-based cermet, a boride-based cermet, and a silicide-based cermet.
  • the oxide-based ceramic powder includes, but is not limited to, an oxide composed of an oxide such as alumina, zirconia, magnesia, silica, or cerium oxide, and a composite of metal tungsten, chromium or cobalt. Base ceramic powder.
  • the carbide-based cermet includes, but is not limited to, a carbide compounded with a metal such as titanium carbide, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide or the like and a metal such as cobalt, nickel, chromium, tungsten or molybdenum.
  • a metal such as titanium carbide, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide or the like
  • a metal such as cobalt, nickel, chromium, tungsten or molybdenum.
  • Base cermet is not limited to, a carbide compounded with a metal such as titanium carbide, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide or the like and a metal such as cobalt, nickel, chromium, tungsten or molybdenum.
  • the nitride-based cermet includes, but is not limited to, a nitride, such as titanium nitride, boron nitride, silicon nitride, or tantalum nitride, as a matrix, and is compounded with a portion of the metal material.
  • a nitride such as titanium nitride, boron nitride, silicon nitride, or tantalum nitride, as a matrix, and is compounded with a portion of the metal material.
  • the boride-based cermet includes, but is not limited to, titanium boride, lanthanum boride, vanadium boride, chromium boride, zirconium boride, tungsten boride, molybdenum boride, lanthanum boride, boron
  • the boride such as bismuth is a matrix and is compounded with a part of the metal material.
  • the silicide-based cermet includes, but is not limited to, manganese silicide, iron silicide, cobalt silicide, nickel silicide, titanium silicide, zirconium silicide, tantalum silicide, vanadium silicide, tantalum silicide, tantalum silicide, molybdenum silicide, Tungsten silicide, silicon germanium or the like is a silicide matrix and is compounded with a part or a trace amount of a metal material.
  • the corrosion-resistant alloy is a conventional corrosion-resistant alloy known in the art, such as an iron-based alloy (such as a corrosion-resistant stainless steel alloy, etc.); a nickel-based alloy (such as a Ni-Cr alloy, a Ni-Cr-Mo alloy). , Ni-Cu alloy, etc.).
  • the high temperature alloy is a conventional high temperature alloy known in the art, for example, a metal material which is based on iron, nickel and cobalt and can work for a long time under a high temperature of 600 ° C and a certain stress.
  • the dental repair alloy is a conventional dental repair alloy known in the art, such as a cobalt chromium tungsten alloy, an amalgam, a gold alloy, a titanium alloy or a nickel chromium alloy.
  • step 1) at least one of the metal powder, the prealloy powder, and the ceramic powder is fed into the plasma flame by using an automatic continuous powder feeding device.
  • step 1) at least one of the metal powder, the prealloy powder, and the ceramic powder is fed into the plasma flame in an amount of 10-30 g/min, for example, 10 g/min, 15 g. /min, 20g/min, 25g/min or 30g/min.
  • the power of the plasma is between 15 and 100 kW, for example 30 kW, 40 kW or 50 kW.
  • the plasma gas is argon, and the purity of the argon gas is 99.99%.
  • the powder feeding argon gas flow rate of 0.4-1.2m 3 / h for example, 0.4m 3 /h,0.5m 3 /h,0.6m 3 /h,0.7 m 3 /h,0.8m 3 /h,0.9m 3 /h,1.0m 3 /h,1.1m 3 / h or 1.2m 3 / h.
  • the powdered argon gas can not only accelerate the cooling of the spherical droplets into a solid, but also prevent oxidation thereof.
  • the purity of the powdered argon gas is from 99.99 to 99.999%.
  • the cooling device is selected from the group consisting of stainless steel drums.
  • step 2) the powder dropped into the water may be subjected to a filtration drying heat treatment step to obtain a final spherical 3D printing powder.
  • the present invention also provides a 3D printing powder prepared by the above method.
  • the 3D printing powder has a spherical shape, and the 3D printing powder has a particle diameter of 10 to 100 ⁇ m, preferably 30 to 80 ⁇ m, for example, 30 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the spherical 3D printing powder having a particle diameter of 10 to 100 ⁇ m has a ball formation probability of 90% to 100%.
  • the 3D printing powder has a median diameter (D 50 ) of 20 to 50 ⁇ m, preferably 30 to 40 ⁇ m.
  • the 3D printing powder is a cobalt chromium tungsten alloy powder.
  • the present invention also provides the use of the above 3D printing powder for a 3D printing process article.
  • the 3D printing powder is used for industrial production of materials having special requirements of various varieties, low yields and high melting points.
  • the article may be a dental restoration.
  • the article may be a part, a component, an integral device, an appliance or a craft, or the like.
  • the 3D printing powder is a 3D printed cobalt chrome-tungsten alloy powder, and the article is used in the field of repairing teeth and the like.
  • the invention does not require refining, deoxidation, slag formation, slag treatment, air ball formation, atomization and the like, and the spherical 3D printing powder obtained has a smooth surface, uniform distribution, no pollution, and a large loose ratio. , good mobility, is currently a spherical shape with greater advantages.
  • the invention utilizes plasma to prepare 3D printing powder, realizes simple and rapid preparation of 3D printing powder, has simple process, low energy consumption, no dust pollution, and the obtained 3D printing powder has a spherical surface, good fluidity and low cost, and is worthy of substantial Promotion.
  • the invention utilizes water to quench the prepared 3D printing powder, so that the ball forming probability of the prepared product is greatly improved, and the water cooling greatly reduces the preparation cost and improves the working efficiency for the preparation process, and is particularly suitable for multi-purpose. Industrial production of materials with special requirements for varieties, low yields and high melting points.
  • the invention is designed to be suitable for both ceramic raw materials which are not oxidized and metals and/or alloys which are difficult to be oxidized by designing different cooling treatment methods, and has wider applicability and is easier to promote and implement.
  • a method for preparing a spherical 3D printing powder by using a plasma using a prealloyed powder (titanium vanadium aluminum alloy) or a metal powder (titanium powder) as a raw material, preparing a spherical 3D printing powder by plasma,
  • the specific preparation steps are as follows: pre-alloy powder or metal powder is fed into a plasma flame, the feeding amount is 10-50 g/min, the power of the control plasma is 15 kW; the plasma gas is argon gas, and the flow rate is 2.5 m 3 /h;
  • the plasma flame is 10000-30000 ° C high temperature to melt the pre-alloy powder or metal powder into droplets (instantaneous processing time is about 0.01-0.1 s), the molten droplets form a sphere under the surface tension, and the spherical droplets are under the action of gravity.
  • the powdered argon gas introduced into the cooling device can achieve good protection against oxidation of the prepared 3D printing powder.
  • the 3D printing powder prepared in this example has a spherical shape and a particle size composition of 10-100 ⁇ m.
  • a method for preparing a spherical 3D printing powder by using a plasma, and preparing a 3D printing powder by using a cobalt chromium tungsten prealloyed powder as a raw material the specific preparation step is: pre-alloying cobalt chromium tungsten
  • the powder is fed into a plasma flame with a feed rate of 15 g/min, the plasma control power is 20 kW, the ion gas is argon gas, and the flow rate is 2-3 m 3 /h; the cobalt chromium tungsten is passed through a plasma flame at a high temperature of 10000-30000 ° C.
  • the pre-alloyed powder is melted into droplets (the instantaneous treatment time is about 0.01-0.1 s), and the molten droplets form a sphere under the surface tension, and the spherical droplets are dropped by gravity into a stainless steel bucket containing pure water. Further, the filter drying heat treatment is carried out to obtain spherical 3D-printed cobalt-chromium-tungsten powder having a ball probability of 95% or more.
  • the 3D printing powder prepared in this example has a spherical shape and a particle size composition of 10-100 ⁇ m.
  • a method for preparing a spherical 3D printing powder by using a plasma, and preparing a 3D printing powder by using titanium powder as a raw material the specific preparation step is: feeding titanium powder into a plasma flame, feeding The amount of 18g/min is controlled, the power of the plasma is 15-20kW; the ion gas is argon, the flow rate is 2.3m 3 /h; the titanium powder is melted into droplets by the high temperature of 10000-30000 ° C (preferably 15000 ° C) of the plasma flame.
  • the instantaneous treatment time is about 0.01-0.1 s
  • the molten droplets form a sphere under the action of surface tension
  • the spherical droplets are dropped by gravity into a stainless steel bucket containing pure water, and then subjected to filtration drying heat treatment.
  • a spherical 3D printed titanium powder having a ball formation probability of 95% or more was obtained.
  • the 3D printing powder prepared in this example has a spherical shape and a particle size composition of 10-100 ⁇ m.
  • the spherical 3D printing powder prepared by the multi-step process has a smooth surface, controllable particle size composition and good fluidity, and is currently a superior method for preparing spherical 3D printing powder.
  • the invention does not require refining, deoxidation, slag formation, slag treatment, air ball formation, atomization and the like, and the spherical 3D printing powder obtained has a smooth surface, uniform distribution, no pollution, and a large loose ratio. , good mobility, is currently a spherical shape with greater advantages.
  • the invention utilizes plasma to prepare 3D printing powder, realizes simple and rapid preparation of 3D printing powder, has simple process, low energy consumption, no dust pollution, and the obtained 3D printing powder has a spherical surface, good fluidity and low cost, and is worthy of substantial Promotion.
  • the spherical 3D printing powder prepared by the method of the present invention is suitable for the 3D printing technology of teeth and is suitable for the repair of teeth.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de préparation de poudre sphérique d'impression 3D utilisant un plasma, le procédé consistant : à utiliser une poudre métallique, une poudre pré-alliée ou une poudre céramique en tant que matières premières ; à introduire les poudres de matières premières dans une flamme de plasma à haute température ; à réaliser la fusion des poudres pour obtenir des gouttes de liquide pour former des sphères par l'effet de la tension de surface ; à refroidir ces dernières pour obtenir une poudre d'impression 3D. La flamme de plasma a une température de 10 000 à 30 000 °C, et une puissance de 15 à 100 kW. Le procédé est mis en œuvre sans utiliser une pluralité de processus dans un procédé de pulvérisation de gaz classique, et est simple à traiter et à haut rendement, et ne produit aucune pollution par les poussières. La poudre préparée par le procédé présente une surface sphérique et une fluidité favorable, et est peu coûteuse.
PCT/CN2017/119529 2016-12-29 2017-12-28 Procédé de préparation de poudre sphérique d'impression 3d utilisant un plasma Ceased WO2018121688A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201611247222.9A CN106670452A (zh) 2016-12-29 2016-12-29 一种利用等离子造形制备球形3d打印粉的方法
CN201611247222.9 2016-12-29

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WO2018121688A1 true WO2018121688A1 (fr) 2018-07-05

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CN109290585A (zh) * 2018-11-07 2019-02-01 深圳市圆梦精密技术研究院 制备球形粉末的装置及其制备方法
CN110124591A (zh) * 2019-05-29 2019-08-16 郑州大学 亚微米或纳米颗粒包覆球形粉体及其制备方法
CN111085690A (zh) * 2020-01-10 2020-05-01 北京矿冶科技集团有限公司 高送粉速率的球形铼粉等离子体制备方法、球形铼粉和铼制品
CN111318717A (zh) * 2020-03-23 2020-06-23 黑龙江省科学院高技术研究院 一种3d打印回收金属粉末的再生方法
CN112820872A (zh) * 2019-11-15 2021-05-18 深圳市贝特瑞纳米科技有限公司 三元正极材料及其制备方法和锂离子电池
CN113134616A (zh) * 2021-04-19 2021-07-20 山东理工大学 金属基陶瓷3d打印复合粉体等离子制备方法
CN113134618A (zh) * 2021-04-19 2021-07-20 山东理工大学 金属基陶瓷3d打印复合粉体等离子制备装置
CN113927038A (zh) * 2021-10-14 2022-01-14 广东省科学院新材料研究所 用于3D打印的TiAl合金粉末及其制备方法
CN113941703A (zh) * 2021-10-18 2022-01-18 合肥工业大学 一种微波加热制备3d打印用球形青铜粉末的方法
CN114101693A (zh) * 2020-08-31 2022-03-01 厦门稀土材料研究所 一种用于3d打印的低氧铕镍粉体及其制备方法
CN114247894A (zh) * 2020-09-25 2022-03-29 安泰天龙钨钼科技有限公司 采用射频等离子法制备大粒度球形钨粉的方法
CN114346247A (zh) * 2020-09-28 2022-04-15 广东省科学院材料与加工研究所 一种用于制备3d打印合金粉末的丝材及制粉方法
CN114653959A (zh) * 2022-03-30 2022-06-24 中南大学 一种球形钽粉及其制备和在3d打印中的应用
CN115041699A (zh) * 2022-07-22 2022-09-13 华材(山东)新材料有限公司 一种3d打印用球形锆粉的生产方法
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CN106670452A (zh) * 2016-12-29 2017-05-17 江民德 一种利用等离子造形制备球形3d打印粉的方法
CN107252894A (zh) * 2017-06-15 2017-10-17 中北大学 一种齿科3d打印用钴基复合陶瓷粉末的制备方法
WO2019056643A1 (fr) * 2017-09-20 2019-03-28 江民德 Procédé de production de matériau magnétique composite néodyme-fer-bore
CN108941596A (zh) * 2018-09-03 2018-12-07 湖南伊澍智能制造有限公司 一种3d打印特种合金粉末及其制备方法
CN109749486B (zh) * 2019-01-21 2021-07-23 长沙族兴新材料股份有限公司 用于制备银圆形非浮型铝颜料的方法
CN110102751B (zh) * 2019-04-18 2021-04-30 电子科技大学 金属颗粒抗氧化层等离子体制备技术
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CN110845234B (zh) * 2019-12-04 2021-10-29 江西科技师范大学 一种球形空心ZrTiO4陶瓷粉及其制备方法和应用
CN116056900A (zh) * 2020-09-08 2023-05-02 株式会社博迈立铖 Ni基合金粉末和使用该Ni基合金粉末的层叠成型品的制造方法
CN114394604B (zh) * 2022-01-20 2024-04-02 上海海事大学 一种超硬球形硼化钨粉末制备方法
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