WO2018196889A1

WO2018196889A1 - Prefabricated foundation shaped element for assembled building foundation structures

Info

Publication number: WO2018196889A1
Application number: PCT/CZ2018/000015
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ales HERZAN
Original assignee: Krystofova Pavla
Current assignee: Krystofova Pavla
Priority date: 2017-04-27
Filing date: 2018-04-25
Publication date: 2018-11-01
Anticipated expiration: 2019-10-27
Also published as: CZ2017230A3; CZ307431B6

Abstract

Prefabricated foundation shaped element (21, 22, 23) for assembled building foundations for easy and economical assembly of building foundation, which is made as a high-oriented square stone with at least two open walls, which consists of a lower wall (1), of at least one central transverse wall (3), of an upper wall (2) and of lateral vertical load-carrying walls (4), whereas lateral vertical load-carrying walls (4) are provided with openings (5) for placing of anchoring elements (9,10).

Description

Prefabricated foundation shaped element for assembled building foundation structures

Technical field

The present invention relates to foundation shape elements for easy and economical assembly of buildings foundation structures. ,

Background art

For the establishment of building structures, concrete monolithic foundation boards, cast strips and footings cast into shuttering, permanent shuttering or directly into excavation are commonly used. Prefabricated foundation and footings are rarely used, especially for prefabricated heavy body shells. Ground screws are also rarely used for lightweight structures and wood buildings.

Casting of concrete foundation strips directly into excavation or shuttering depends on industrial concrete plants, on their operating time, on heavy-duty transport equipment (in particular mobile mixers and concrete pumps), on its availability and financial costs.

In case of system or one-application shuttering, the implementation of foundations is very expensive, laborious and time-consuming.

Other disadvantages of these solutions are: the impossibility of realising by self-help, the impact workload and the need for more workers, the difficult excavation work for massive foundation constructions, difficult implementation in the inaccessible terrain due to its dependence on transport technology. The subsequent technological break before continuing the construction prolongs construction time.

Establishment of foundation on the strips cast into permanent shuttering from concrete shaped elements, in a comparison to the present invention of new foundation shaped elements, also depends on industrial concrete plants, heavy transport techniques and an increased number of workers. It requires more complex and lengthy assembly and much larger material consumption, making it economically and temporally disadvantageous.

For the establishment of wooden buildings which loads less the foundation excavation and which do not require traditional massive foundations, the common foundation structures are over-sized and unnecessarily expensive. An alternative to the establishment of foundation of lightweight wooden buildings are ground screws. However, this technology is disadvantageous for its limited use for some types of foundation soil.

The aim of the present invention is to introduce prefabricated shaped elements, which would replace concrete structures and allow to design foundation structures so that the designer can design and the builder can construct the safe and economically advantageous establishment of a building, it means easily and quickly using minimal amount of material, independent of the concrete plants, heavy construction and transport equipment and increased number of construction workers.

Summary of the invention

The above mentioned deficiencies are eliminated by the foundation shaped element for assembled building foundation structures according to the invention, which is characterised by the fact that it is made as a high-oriented square stone with at least two open walls, which consists of a lower wall, of at least one central transverse wall, of an upper wall and of lateral vertical load-carrying walls, whereas lateral vertical load-carrying walls are provided with openings for placing of anchoring elements.

In a preferred embodiment, the lateral vertical walls are two and perpendicular to each other.

In another preferred embodiment, on the edge of the upper wall one rim wall is arranged.

In another preferred embodiment, at both edges of the upper loading wall the rim walls are arranged

In another preferred embodiment, on the edge of the upper wall two rim walls are arranged perpendicularly to each another.

In another preferred embodiment it comprises shaped elements according to the preceding claims being stacked side by side and connected through their openings by anchoring elements, whereas the assembly comprises additional joining shaped elements in the area of corner joints and connecting joints.

A further aim of the invention is a foundation assembly comprising the above- mentioned foundation shaped elements stacked side by side and connected through their openings by anchoring elements, the assembly comprising complementary joining shaped elements in the area of corner joints and connection joints. Brief description of drawings

The invention will be further described using drawings, where Fig.1 is a basic version of the shaped element according to the invention, Fig. 2 is a second version provided as a corner shaped element; Fig. 3 is the third version of the shaped element substantially similar to that of Fig. 1 , Fig. 4 is the fourth version substantially similar to that of Fig. 2, Fig. 5 is the fifth version as a distance element, Fig. 6 is a first variant of an anchoring element, Fig. 7 is another variant of the anchoring element, Fig. 8 is a version of a shaped element with rim walls provided with two longitudinally extending rim walls, Fig. 8a represents a variant of a shaped element with rim walls provided with one longitudinally extending rim wall, Fig. 9 is a variant of the shaped element with the corner extending wall, Fig. 10 is a variant of a square shaped element with rim walls with one extending wall, Fig. 11 is a variant of a square shaped element substantially similar to that of Fig. 4, Fig. 12 is an embodiment of a shaped element provided as a distance element provided with two protrusions, Fig. 13 is a perspective view of a foundation structure assembly made of foundation shaped elements with rim walls, the assembly shows the location of all types of complementary shaped elements in the structure, Fig. 14 shows a cross-sectional view of the wooden floor beam of the wooden building on the foundation shaped element, Fig. 15 shows a cross-sectional view of the wooden floor beam of a wooden building on a foundation U-type shaped element with rim walls, and Fig. 16 shows a reinforced concrete monolithic foundation board on a L-type shaped element with rim walls for brick wall.

Preferred embodiments of the invention

The foundation shaped element in the basic embodiment shown in Fig. 1 consists of a lower wall 1 , a central transverse wall 3, an upper wall 2 and parallel side vertical walls 4. All the walls are preferably monolithically interconnected. In the side walls 4 there are anchoring openings 5 which, after joining of the adjacent shaped element corresponds to each other so as to be interconnected by anchoring elements 9, 10. These are shown in Fig. 6 and 7.

On the same principle, complementary shape elements are provided, which are designed as elements for the connection of the foundation strips at the corners. One is shown in Fig. 2. Further, for the connection of the T-type strips, is shown in Fig. 3, and there is also another shaped element for interconnecting the crossing foundation strips shown in Fig.4.

Further complementary elements for creating a functional structure of foundation strips are: the distance element shown in Fig. 5, which fills the possible dimensional disproportion between the module of shape elements and the required dimensions of the foundation strips.

Other types of shaped elements are the foundation shape elements with rim walls shown in Fig. 8 to 10 and Fig. 12 intended for higher loads. They are similar to the foundation shaped elements of Fig. 1, with the difference that these shaped elements with a rim contain on the upper wall 2 one (L-type) or two (U-type) perpendicular opposing rim walls 11 which are parallel to the axis of the foundation strip. These rim walls 11 form by U-type elements a permanent shuttering for the reinforcing rim as shown Fig. 8 and 15 or a permanent shuttering for the foundation board as shown in Fig. 8a and 16.

Only the cross-shaped element of Fig. 11 does not contain elements of the permanent shuttering.

Fig. 13 is a perspective view of the foundation structure assembly 28 of the foundation shaped elements. Assembly 28 also shows the location of all types of complementary shaped elements with rim walls of Fig. 9 to 12 in the structure. It comprises foundation shaped elements stacked side by side and connected through their openings 5 by anchoring elements 9 or 10, whereas the assembly 28 comprises complementary joining shaped elements in the area of corner joints and connection joints.

Fig. 14 shows a cross-sectional view of the placement of the wooden beam 24 of the wooden structure 25 on the foundation shaped element 21.

Fig. 15 shows a cross-sectional view of the placement of the wooden beam 24 of the wooden structure 25 on the foundation U-type shaped element with rim walls 22.

Further, in Fig. 16, a reinforced concrete monolithic foundation board 26 is mounted on a foundation U-type shaped element with rim walls 23 for a brick wall 27.

Foundation shaped elements are designed for easy installation of prefabricated foundation structures. After mutual anchorage in the foundation strip the individual shaped elements interact with each other and transfer the load of the upper structure into the foundation excavation, which is their main function. When assembling, the shaped elements are placed sideways against each other, perpendicular to the axis of the foundation strip. They are connected with the anchoring elements 9,10 thereby creating a joint that anchors and stabilises the shaped elements in the horizontal and vertical directions. This joint, i. a., ensures static interaction of the shaped elements in the foundation strip and improves load distribution to the foundation excavation. The foundation shaped elements form the entire height of the foundation structure. Shaped elements are gradually placed in the excavation on the pre-prepared bed of the foundation excavation, and then anchored to each other.

The both-sided open shaped element interacts with the foundation soil, which, after re-filling and compacting, statically interacts with the foundation structure and increases the load-carrying capacity of the foundations.

After packing down of the re-fill of the original soil back into the cavities of the foundation elements, the advantage of static interaction between the compacted soil, the foundation structure and the natural soil is raised, which increases the load carrying capacity of the foundation structure. Therefore, the soil from the excavation does not have to be moved and stored on the building site, thus giving the builders additional benefits and savings.

The shaped element transmits the load of the upper structure into the subsoil not only by the lower supporting wall but also partly by at least one central stiffening and retaining wall. Due to this advantage it is possible to use shaped elements with a smaller ground-plan, which results in cost savings, lower weight and thus easier manipulation with the shaped element.

Another practical design advantage of the shaped elements is the easy passage of the water and electric distribution networks through the foundation strips. Connections and horizontal distributions can be easily built even after the foundation is assembled without the need to disturb the foundation structure.

The basic foundation shaped element with all straight peripheral walls is preferably used for the construction of wooden buildings and buildings based on lightweight construction systems, or ground floor buildings built by common technology, such as bungalows, different sheds, garages, warehouses, fences etc. Its upper and lower walls are straight and smooth. Its upper wall is ready for placing and anchoring the timber beam of the wooden building or establishing the structure of the upper building. The timber beam of the wooden building, after anchoring to the foundation structure formed by the foundation shaped elements, preferably acts as an additional reinforcing element, thereby synergistically acting in favour of increasing stiffness and load-carrying capacity of the base structure.

For the transfer of a larger load, the so-called foundation shaped elements with rim walls with upper wall are provided with one or two vertical lateral opposing walls located parallel to the axis of the foundation pass forming a permanent shuttering for reinforced concrete reinforcing foundation rim or a foundation board.

Foundation shaped elements with rim walls for assembled foundation strips according to the invention can be used generally in building construction for all types of wall construction systems and for different types of buildings, both ground and stairway.

For different construction systems of buildings, it is appropriate to use the appropriate type of shaped elements.

The foundation strips of the shaped elements according to the invention are more economical and lighter in design than previously used, they withstand more efficiently loads with a more subtle construction thanks to a multi-level spreading surface, are useful for most foundation soils, have easy permeability of foundation structures for the water and electric distribution networks and are greatly suited for self-help construction. Very easy installation does not require specialists and is independent of heavy construction and transportation techniques. Any faults that may arise in the future will be easily repaired. Foundation shaped elements eliminate technological breaks in the construction, and mainly save time, work, material and thus financial resources.

The present invention of the prefabricated foundations preferably utilizes all of these positive properties at the same time.

Industrial applicability

The foundation shaped elements according to the invention are preferably usable in general in building construction, in particular for foundation constructions of houses, residential, civil and light industrial and agricultural buildings.

Foundation shaped elements can also be used for various outbuildings, garages, halls, terraces, fences, walls, garden constructions, etc. Foundation shaped elements according to their type and design are designed for the establishment of different construction systems.

The shaped elements for the designing of wooden buildings are major asset, where they replace the existing ways of establishment of buildings. For builders and investors of wooden buildings and other light building systems, the use of the present solution means autonomy, significant time, material, and especially financial savings.

Claims

Patent claims

1. Prefabricated foundation shaped element (21, 22, 23) for assembled building foundations for easy and economical assembly of building foundation, characterised in that it is made as a high-oriented square stone with at least two open walls, which consists of a lower wall (1), of at least one central transverse wall (3), of an upper wall (2) and of lateral vertical load-carrying walls (4), whereas lateral vertical load-carrying walls (4) are provided with openings (5) for placing of anchoring elements (9,10).

2. Foundation shaped element according to claim 1 , characterised in that the lateral vertical walls (4) are two and perpendicular to each other.

3. Foundation shaped element according to claims 1 and 2, characterised in that on the edge of the upper wall (2) one rim wall (11) is arranged.

4. Foundation shaped element according to claims 1 and 2, characterised in that at both edges of the upper loading wall (2) the rim walls (11) are arranged

5. Foundation shaped element according to claims 1 to 2, characterised in that on the edge of the upper wall (2) two rim walls (11) are arranged perpendicularly to each another.

6. Foundation assembly (28), characterised in that it comprises shaped elements according to the preceding claims being stacked side by side and connected through their openings (5) by anchoring elements (9, 10), whereas the assembly comprises additional joining shaped elements in the area of corner joints and connecting joints.