WO2018184384A1 - Comprehensive integrated machine for use in biochemical garbage treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

A comprehensive integrated machine for use in biochemical garbage treatment: when in use, after a garbage bin is turned over along a fixed track, garbage within the garbage bin is sorted and sent into a crushing chamber (1), the garbage falling vertically onto a layered cutter (2) within the crushing chamber (1) and being crushed; the crushing chamber (1) is in communication with an auger cylinder of a dehydrating auger (3), the dehydrating auger (3) extruding garbage residue into a filter barrel (4); an extruded garbage block is pushed out of the filter barrel (4) by the dehydrating auger (3) and is smashed by means of a breaking mechanism (5), the breaking mechanism (5) comprising a rotating breaking plate (52) which is driven by a motor (53); fragmented garbage is sent to a fermentation chamber (7) by means of a feeding auger (6), the fermentation chamber (7) being provided therein with a heating coil (76), a fan (77) and a stirring shaft (71); the fan (77) blows in alignment with the heating coil (76), and hot air is blown toward the garbage in the fermentation chamber (7); the stirring shaft (71) is provided within the fermentation chamber (7), and packing (75) is further added within a bearing end cover (73) of two ends of the stirring shaft (71), while a stirring plate (78) which may be easily disassembled is mounted on the stirring shaft (71). When the device is in use, garbage will not stick during transportation and fermentation processes, while using a method of hot air catalysis fermentation reduces odors emitted during the garbage fermentation process.

Description

Garbage biochemical treatment integrated machine Technical field

The invention relates to the field of garbage disposal equipment, in particular to a waste biochemical treatment integrated machine.

Background technique

The garbage disposal device is mainly used for post-processing after the preliminary pulverization of the garbage, so that the garbage can be better discharged to the outside world. For example, the Chinese invention patent "a kitchen waste biochemical treatment integrated machine", whose application number is 201320649286.7, discloses a casing, a garbage collection device, a water-water separation device and a drying decomposition device; the garbage collection device includes a garbage dumping mechanism and sorting Platform; the drying decomposition device comprises a decomposition mixing barrel and a suction structure; a garbage dumping mechanism is arranged on one side of the casing; a sorting platform is arranged on the top of the casing; the oil-water separation device, the decomposition mixing drum and the suction mechanism are all located in the casing The internal sorting platform is respectively connected with the oil-water separation device and the decomposition mixing tank; the decomposition mixing barrel is provided with a fermentation strain; the suction mechanism is connected with the decomposition mixing tank through the air duct; and the garbage dumping mechanism is raised by the matching of the guiding rail The rack dumps the trash in the trash can into the sorting platform. However, in the actual operation process, the following disadvantages can be found: the device mainly performs the fermentation treatment of the garbage in the holding structure, and the normal temperature fermentation method causes the temperature to be stimulated, and the bad smell is caused for a long time. Moreover, this structure causes incomplete fermentation and poor decomposition.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem mainly solved by the invention is to provide a garbage biochemical treatment integrated machine, which solves the problem that the garbage smashing treatment is incomplete, the garbage discharge is not smooth, and the garbage fermentation odor is large.

In order to solve the above technical problem, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a garbage biochemical treatment integrated machine. After the garbage bin is turned over along a fixed track, the garbage in the barrel is sorted and sent to the crushing chamber, and the garbage falls vertically in the crushing chamber. The layered cutter inside is pulverized; the pulverizing chamber is connected to the skein barrel of the dewatering auger; the dehydration The auger squeezes the garbage residue into the filter bucket; the squeezed dry garbage block is pushed out by the dewatering auger and crushed by the disengaging mechanism; the disengagement mechanism includes a motor-driven rotary dial; the fragmented garbage is The feeding auger is sent to the fermentation chamber; the heating chamber is provided with a heating coil, a fan and a stirring shaft; the fan is blown to the heating coil, and the hot air is blown to the garbage in the fermentation chamber; the stirring shaft is arranged in the fermentation chamber Inside, the bearing end cover at both ends of the stirring shaft is further provided with a packing, and a stirring plate for easy disassembly is mounted on the stirring shaft.

Preferably, comprising a turning track leading to the sorting platform, the dumping frame is fitted with the dumping frame; the dumping frame is raised along the trajectory of the turning track by the cylinder pushing and dumping to the sorting platform; The picking platform is provided with a cover plate opened by the cylinder top lift; the bottom outlet of the sorting platform leads to the crushing chamber; the bottom of the crushing chamber is provided with a funnel-shaped discharge port, and the discharge port is connected to the dewatering port. a twisted dragon on the auger tube; the dewatering auger runs through the filter bucket to the disengagement mechanism; the filter bucket is in communication with the material chamber of the disengagement mechanism, the rotary dial is fixed in the material cavity; The bottom of the feeder communicates with the auger of the auger; the auger of the feeding auger leads to the fermentation chamber.

Preferably, the disengagement mechanism includes the material chamber, the rotary dial, and a disengagement motor; the disengagement motor is fixed on an outer wall of the material chamber; and the rotary dial is set on the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is driven by a dissipating motor; the trajectory of the rotating dial intersects with the feeding trajectory of the dewatering auger.

Preferably, the auger cylinder of the feed auger is connected at one end to the bottom of the chamber and at the other end to the top of the fermentation chamber.

Preferably, the fermentation chamber is a barrel-shaped cavity; the stirring shaft is horizontally erected in the fermentation chamber, and both ends of the stirring shaft are fixed to the wall of the fermentation chamber through a ball bearing; a bearing shoulder cover; the bearing end cover fixedly clamps the ball bearing and the shoulder; a sealing ring is disposed between the shoulder and the ball bearing; and the disc is disposed between the shoulder and the bearing end cover The heating coil is fixed to the top of the fermentation chamber; the fan is disposed between the heating coil and the top wall of the fermentation chamber.

Preferably, the layered cutter is installed in the pulverizing chamber, and the inner wall of the pulverizing chamber is provided with a convex cutting head; the layered cutter comprises a plurality of multi-layer cutters arranged coaxially, each layer of the cutter head Both are hinged with blades; The blade rotates around its hinge point; the outer edge track of the blade extends out of the outer edge of the cutter head; the cutter heads adjacent to the next layer are vertically arranged according to the increasing outer diameter of the cutter head, outside the blade on the layer-by-layer cutterhead The edge trajectory is also gradually increased; the position between the blades on the adjacent two layers of the cutter disc corresponds to a layer of cutter head on the inner wall of the pulverization chamber; the squeegee is coaxially mounted on the lower side of the layered cutter head group.

Preferably, the utility model further comprises an exhaust gas purifying device, which comprises a tank body, a filter tube group and an exhaust fan; the tank body is partitioned into an air passage which spirals back and forth in an up and down direction; and a filter tube group is arranged in the air passage; The tube group is composed of a plurality of filter tubes arranged in parallel; the axial direction of the filter tube is parallel to the flow direction of the gas; an exhaust fan is arranged on the box body; the wind direction generated by the exhaust fan is perpendicular to the axial direction of the filter tube; The bottom of the body is further provided with a dust-proof groove; liquid water is added to the dust-proof groove; and the air channel flows through the liquid water of the dust-proof groove at a winding direction from the bottom to the top.

Preferably, the dump bucket comprises a bracket, a guide wheel and an auxiliary discharge port; the bracket comprises a front unit and a rear unit; the top of the front unit fixes the auxiliary discharge port; and the bottom of the rear unit is provided with a trash can a pallet; a spring is provided between the front unit and the rear unit to cause relative sliding of the front unit and the rear unit; the front unit and the rear unit that slide relative to each other cause the auxiliary discharge port and the tray to be clamped in the trash can; The guide wheel is provided; the dump frame is moved on the inverting track by the guide wheel.

The invention has the beneficial effects that the garbage biochemical treatment integrated machine is provided, and the garbage is gradually processed to achieve the purpose of final secondary utilization. It involves the steps of garbage sorting, crushing, de-drying, fermentation, etc., and can utilize the cooperation relationship between structure and structure for garbage disposal. In particular, during the transportation and fermentation process of garbage, the structural design is increased, so that the garbage does not stick, and the method of hot air catalytic fermentation is used to reduce the odor emission during the garbage fermentation process.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic structural view of a garbage biochemical treatment integrated machine of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a side view showing the structure of the garbage biochemical processing integrated machine;

3 is a schematic structural connection diagram of a garbage biochemical processing integrated machine;

Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the pulverizing chamber and the layered cutter;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of a dewatering auger and a filter bucket;

Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the disengagement mechanism;

Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the fermentation chamber;

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the end of the agitating shaft;

9 is a schematic structural view of a flip track and a dump bucket;

Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of an exhaust gas purifying device;

Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an exhaust gas purifying device;

The markings of the components in the drawings are as follows: 1. the crushing chamber; 2. the layered cutter; 3. the dewatering auger; 4, the filter bucket; 5, the disengaging mechanism; 6, the feeding auger; 7, the fermentation chamber; Exhaust gas purification device; 9, sorting platform; 10, flip track; 11, dump bucket; 12, pallet; 13, guide wheel; 14, discharge port; 15, front unit; 16, rear unit; 21, cutter head; 22, blade; 23, scraper; 24, cutter head; 51, material chamber; 52, rotating dial; 53, breaking motor; 54, rotating shaft; 71, stirring shaft; 72, ball Bearing; 73, bearing end cover; 74, sealing ring; 75, packing; 76, heating coil; 77, fan; 78, stirring plate; 81, box; 82, filter tube group; 83, exhaust fan; 84, dust compartment.

detailed description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the advantages and features of the invention can be more readily understood by those skilled in the art.

Referring to Figures 1 to 11, embodiments of the present invention include:

A garbage biochemical treatment integrated machine, including a reversing track 10, a dumping frame 11, a sorting platform 9, a crushing chamber 1, a layered cutter 2, a dewatering auger 3, a filter bucket 4, a dislodging mechanism 5, a feeding auger 6 , fermentation chamber 7 and exhaust gas purification device 8. The trash can is placed on the dump bucket 11 and the dump bucket 11 can be tilted up and down along the flip rail 10. The flip rail 10 leads to the sorting platform 9, and the trash can is fixed along the flip rail 10 After the track is overturned, the garbage in the barrel is poured into the sorting platform 9, and the garbage after the preliminary screening is sorted and sent to the crushing chamber 1. The sorting platform 9 is provided with a cover plate that is opened by the cylinder top lift, and the bottom outlet of the sorting platform 9 leads to the crushing chamber 1. The dump bucket 11 includes a bracket, a guide pulley 13, and an auxiliary discharge port 14. An oil cylinder is disposed on the inverting rail 10, and the dump truck 11 is raised and tilted along the locus of the inverting rail 1. A guide wheel 13 is also provided between the bracket and the inverting rail 10, which can reduce the movement resistance and increase the mobility. The bracket includes a front unit 15 and a rear unit 16, and the front and rear units are affixed together to be relatively slidable. The auxiliary unit 14 is fixed to the top of the front unit 15, and the bottom of the unit 16 is provided with a tray 12 for placing the trash can. A spring 17 is disposed between the front unit 15 and the rear unit 16, and the front unit 15 and the rear unit 16 are relatively slid under the action of the elastic force; and the relatively sliding front unit 15 and the rear unit 16 make the auxiliary discharge port 14 and The pallet 12 clamps the trash can. The advantage of this is that the upper edge of the trash can is pressed by the auxiliary discharge port 14, and the garbage can not fall over in the state of standing or dumping; at the same time, the auxiliary discharge port 14 is pressed against the trash can. At the edge, it helps to prevent leakage of garbage during the dumping process.

The garbage is pulverized vertically on the layered cutter 2 in the pulverizing chamber 1. This vertical pulverizing structure is dropped by the gravity of the garbage itself, and impinges on the layered cutter 2, thereby improving the pulverizing effect. The layered cutter is mounted in the pulverizing chamber, and the inner wall of the pulverizing chamber 1 is provided with a convex cutting head. The layered cutter 2 includes six coaxial cutters 21 disposed coaxially, and each of the cutterheads 21 is hinged with four blades 22, and the blades 22 are rotated about their hinge points, and the four blades 22 are all located on the same circumference, and the phases are The arc between the two adjacent blades 22 is the same. The outer edge of the blade 22 extends beyond the outer edge of the cutter head 21 such that the blade 22 forms a free sway and the smash of the blade 22 can break the passing debris. The size of the six-layer cutter head 21 is changed, and the cutter heads 21 adjacent to the next layer are vertically arranged in accordance with the increasing outer diameter of the cutter head 21, because the garbage enters the crushing chamber, and is small due to the mixing of different sizes of garbage. The garbage will fall first, and the large pieces of garbage will be crushed by the upper blade 22. When the smashing of the same size cutter head 21 is solved, the problem that large-volume garbage is piled up in the upper layer is solved. The size of the cutter head 21 is increased, so that the outer edge of the blade on the layer-by-layer cutter head is also Gradually increasing; this will increase the probability that the garbage will be further shredded. The layered tool 2 is driven by a motor external to the pulverizing chamber. The inner wall of the pulverizing chamber 1 is provided with a convex cutting head 24, and the inner wall of the pulverizing chamber is provided with six rows of cutter heads, and each of the cutter heads is arranged in six vertical rows. The position between the blades on the adjacent two-layer cutter heads corresponds to a layer of cutter heads 24 on the inner wall of the crushing chamber, and the cutter head and the blade cooperate to improve the effect of garbage crushing. The squeegee 23 is coaxially mounted on the underside of the layered tool set. The bottom of the crushing chamber is provided with a funnel-shaped discharge port, and the discharge port is connected to the twisted dragon barrel of the dewatering auger.

One end of the dewatering auger 3 is driven by a motor, and the other end thereof passes through the filter drum 4 to the disengagement mechanism 5. The dewatering auger 3 squeezes the garbage residue into the filter drum 4, and the extruded garbage dry block is pushed out of the filter drum 4 by the dewatering auger 3 and crushed by the disengaging mechanism 5. The disengaging mechanism 5 includes a material chamber 51, a rotary dial 52, and a disengagement motor 53. The disengagement motor 53 is fixed to the outer wall of the chamber 51, and the rotary dial 52 is fitted on the rotating shaft 54, and the rotating shaft 54 is dialed. The motor 53 is driven. The trajectory of the rotating dial 52 intersects with the feeding trajectory of the dewatering auger 3, so that the rotating dial 52 can collide the garbage sent out by the dewatering auger 3 when it is rotated. Because the garbage will be pressed into a block after being dried, and the block-shaped garbage is likely to produce a fibrous-like entangled body after being broken, the garbage is difficult to be excluded; by dragging the dial 52, the impregnated garbage is dialed down to make the garbage It automatically falls into the cavity and is discharged at the bottom of the brewing chamber 51. The bottom of the material chamber 51 communicates with the twisting can of the feeding auger 6, and the twisting can of the feeding auger 6 leads to the fermentation chamber 7. The pieces of garbage are fed into the fermentation chamber 7 by the feeding auger, and one end of the auger barrel of the feeding auger 6 is connected to the bottom of the chamber 51, and the other end is led to the top of the fermentation chamber 7.

The fermentation chamber 7 is a barrel-shaped chamber, and the stirring shaft 71 is horizontally mounted in the fermentation chamber 7. Both ends of the agitating shaft 71 are fixed to the wall plate of the fermentation chamber 7 by a ball bearing 72. The agitating shaft 71 is provided with a convex shoulder, and the bearing end cover 73 fixes the ball bearing 72 to the shoulder. A seal ring 74 is disposed between the shoulder and the ball bearing 72, and a packing 75 is disposed between the shoulder and the bearing end cover 73. The packing 75 can increase the sealing effect, especially when some fine particles are easily infiltrated into the bearing end cover when the stirring shaft rotates, which causes an increase in the amount of structural wear, which is disadvantageous for structural maintenance. The heating chamber 7 is provided with a heating coil 76, a fan 77 and a stirring shaft 71, a heating coil 76 is fixed to the top of the fermentation chamber 7. A fan 77 is further disposed between the heating coil 76 and the top wall of the fermentation chamber 7, and the fan 77 is driven by a motor fixed outside the fermentation chamber 7. According to the use of the ordinary room temperature fermentation structure, when the garbage is decomposed, a large amount of pungent odor is generated, which is unfavorable for maintaining the working environment. Some improved structures add a heating structure at the bottom of the decomposition structure to allow the waste to be fermented in a hot container, which also produces a large amount of odor. In this solution, the fan is blown toward the heating coil, and the hot air is blown to the garbage in the fermentation chamber. This uses hot air to blow, similar to the oven principle, to minimize the odor generated by the fermentation process, while the heat flow is not easy to disperse. A stirring plate 78 which is easy to disassemble is installed on the stirring shaft, and the stirring plate of different requirements can be replaced in time according to the need. The invention solves the problem that the fixing method in the conventional structure is unfavorable replacement and difficult to maintain.

The exhaust gas purifying device 8 includes a casing 81, a filter tube group 82, and an exhaust fan 83, and the inside of the casing 81 is partitioned into an air passage that spirals up and down in the vertical direction. The inlet of the air passage is located at the top of the tank 81, and the airflow flows from top to bottom and then turns upward and flows upward to increase the length of the flow passage in a spiral manner. A filter tube group 82 is disposed in the air passage, and the filter tube group 82 is composed of a plurality of filter tubes arranged in parallel. The axial direction of the filter tube is parallel to the flow direction of the gas, and the filter tube is filled with a odor-absorbing filler. A dust compartment 84 is further provided at the bottom of the tank, and liquid water is added to the dust compartment 84. When the airflow in the airway is spiraled down to the bottom of the airway, the airflow will flow through the liquid water of the dust-tight tank 84, passing through the liquid water and then flowing from the other direction. In this way, the suspended particles in the gas stream can be adsorbed into the water, and some irritating odors dissolved in water can be filtered out, and the airway can be purified. An exhaust fan 83 is provided on the casing, and the wind direction generated by the exhaust fan 83 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the filter pipe. The exhaust fan 83 is provided with two; the two exhaust fans are vertically juxtaposed, and the exhaust fan continuously blows the airflow into the filter tube to perform a certain purifying action, and at the same time, a ventilation port is arranged on the box body to allow air to circulate.

The above is only the embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and the equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, The same is included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (8)

The utility model relates to a garbage biochemical treatment integrated machine, which is characterized in that: after the garbage bin is turned over along a fixed track, the garbage in the barrel is sorted and sent to the crushing chamber, and the garbage is vertically crushed on the layered cutter in the crushing chamber; the crushing chamber is connected a twisted dragon of a dewatering auger; the dewatering auger squeezes the garbage residue into the filter drum; the extruded garbage block is pushed out of the filter drum by the dewatering auger and crushed by a dislodging mechanism; a motor-driven rotating dial; the scrap garbage is fed into the fermentation chamber by the feeding auger; the heating chamber is provided with a heating coil, a fan and a stirring shaft; the fan is blown to the heating coil, and the hot air is blown into the fermentation chamber. The agitator shaft is disposed in the fermentation chamber, and the bearing end cover of the two ends of the agitating shaft is further provided with a packing, and a stirring plate for easy disassembly is installed on the stirring shaft. A garbage biochemical treatment integrated machine according to claim 1, comprising: a turning track leading to the sorting platform, and a dumping frame is fitted on the turning track; the dumping frame is flipped under the pushing of the cylinder The trajectory of the track rises and is dumped to the sorting platform; the sorting platform is provided with a cover plate opened by the cylinder top lift; the bottom outlet of the sorting platform leads to the pulverizing chamber; the bottom of the pulverizing chamber is provided a funnel-shaped discharge port, the discharge port is connected to the twisting can of the dewatering auger; the dewatering auger runs through the filter barrel to the disengagement mechanism; the filter barrel is connected with the material chamber of the disengagement mechanism, The rotating dial is fixed in the cavity; the bottom of the cavity communicates with the auger barrel of the feeding auger; the auger barrel of the feeding auger leads to the fermentation chamber. The garbage biochemical processing integrated machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the disengaging mechanism comprises the material chamber, the rotary dial, and a disengagement motor; Fixed on the outer wall of the cavity; the rotary pad is set on the rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is driven by the disengaging motor; the movement track of the rotating pad intersects the feeding track of the dewatering auger. A garbage biochemical treatment integrated machine according to claim 3, wherein one end of the auger of the feeding auger is connected to the bottom of the chamber, and the other end is connected to the top of the fermentation chamber. . The garbage biochemical treatment integrated machine according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the fermentation chamber is a barrel-shaped cavity; the stirring shaft is horizontally erected in the fermentation chamber, and both ends of the stirring shaft The ball bearing is fixed to the wall of the fermentation chamber; the agitating shaft is provided with a convex shoulder; the bearing end cover fixes the ball bearing and the shoulder; the shoulder is provided between the shoulder and the ball bearing a sealing ring; the packing is disposed between the shoulder and the bearing end cover; the heating coil is fixed on a top of the fermentation chamber; and the heating coil is disposed between the heating coil and the top wall of the fermentation chamber fan. The garbage biochemical processing integrated machine according to claim 5, wherein the layered cutter is installed in the pulverizing chamber, and the inner wall of the pulverizing chamber is provided with a convex cutter head; The cutter comprises a multi-layer cutter head arranged coaxially, each of which has a blade hinged thereon; the blade rotates around its hinge point; the outer edge track of the blade extends out of the outer edge of the cutter head; the knife adjacent to the next layer The discs are arranged vertically according to the increasing rule of the outer diameter of the cutter discs, and the outer edge trace lines of the inserts on the layer-by-layer cutter discs are gradually increased; the positions between the blades on the adjacent two-layer cutter discs correspond to a layer of cutters on the inner wall of the crushing chamber a head; the squeegee is coaxially mounted on a lower side of the layered cutter head set. The garbage biochemical treatment integrated machine according to claim 6, further comprising an exhaust gas purifying device, comprising: a tank body, a filter tube group, and an exhaust fan; wherein the box body is partitioned and spiraled back and forth in a vertical direction a gas passage; a filter tube group is arranged in the air passage; the filter tube group is composed of a plurality of filter tubes arranged in parallel; the axial direction of the filter tube is parallel to the flow direction of the gas; an exhaust fan is arranged on the box body; The wind direction generated by the fan is perpendicular to the axial direction of the filter tube; a dust-removing groove is further disposed at the bottom of the box body; liquid water is added into the dust-proof groove; and the air channel is bent at a spiral from bottom to top. Liquid water passing through the dust compartment. A garbage biochemical treatment integrated machine according to claim 7, wherein said dump bucket comprises a bracket, a guide wheel and an auxiliary discharge port; said bracket comprises a front unit and a rear unit; Fixing the auxiliary discharge port; the bottom of the rear unit is provided with a pallet for placing the garbage bin; a spring is arranged between the front unit and the rear unit to make the front unit and the rear unit relatively slide; the front unit and the rear unit are relatively sliding The auxiliary discharge port and the pallet are clamped to the trash can; the guide wheel is further disposed on the bracket; and the dump bucket is moved on the reverse rail by the guide wheel.

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