WO2017183611A1 - リグニン骨格含有樹脂組成物およびそれを用いたモールド成形体 - Google Patents
リグニン骨格含有樹脂組成物およびそれを用いたモールド成形体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017183611A1 WO2017183611A1 PCT/JP2017/015482 JP2017015482W WO2017183611A1 WO 2017183611 A1 WO2017183611 A1 WO 2017183611A1 JP 2017015482 W JP2017015482 W JP 2017015482W WO 2017183611 A1 WO2017183611 A1 WO 2017183611A1
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- Prior art keywords
- lignin
- resin
- phenol
- skeleton
- resin composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08H—DERIVATIVES OF NATURAL MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08H6/00—Macromolecular compounds derived from lignin, e.g. tannins, humic acids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/003—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C39/38—Heating or cooling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07G—COMPOUNDS OF UNKNOWN CONSTITUTION
- C07G1/00—Lignin; Lignin derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F120/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F120/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F120/10—Esters
- C08F120/26—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen
- C08F120/30—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/16—Catalysts
- C08G18/22—Catalysts containing metal compounds
- C08G18/24—Catalysts containing metal compounds of tin
- C08G18/242—Catalysts containing metal compounds of tin organometallic compounds containing tin-carbon bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
- C08G18/3203—Polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G18/3215—Polyhydroxy compounds containing aromatic groups or benzoquinone groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
- C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
- C08G18/7671—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups containing only one alkylene bisphenyl group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/02—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule
- C08G59/04—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof
- C08G59/06—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof of polyhydric phenols
- C08G59/063—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof of polyhydric phenols with epihalohydrins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/005—Lignin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
- C22B7/003—Dry processes only remelting, e.g. of chips, borings, turnings; apparatus used therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2063/00—Use of EP, i.e. epoxy resins or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- thermosetting resins are methods for decomposition treatment of conventional thermosetting resins, but there is also a method of making the thermosetting resin itself easy to be decomposed.
- the resin main agent other than the phenolated lignin or the derivative thereof containing a reactive monomer group is not contained.
- composition according to any one of the above [1] to [8] preferably further contains a catalyst.
- catalyst generally refers to compounds such as polymerization initiators, crosslinking / hardening accelerators and the like which promote polymerization, crosslinking, or curing reaction.
- the present invention relates, according to another embodiment, to a resin molded product obtained by molding the resin composition according to any one of the above [1] to [9].
- the phenolated lignin of this invention you may contain the phenol containing monomer which does not satisfy the definition of the substituent of Formula (I) other than the phenol containing monomer represented by Formula (I).
- the phenol, the naphthol which the group represented by (A) may have one or more substituents in a formula (I) respectively may be carried out.
- groups in which one hydrogen atom is removed from anthroquinoneol, catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone or pyrogallol, and R 1 and R 2 are not hydroxyl groups.
- phenolated lignin is formed by combining one or two or more kinds of phenol-containing monomers, and the total number of repeating units is, for example, 3 to 10, and may be 1 to 15. It is not limited to the total number of repeating units.
- the terminal structure of phenolated lignin is derived from a natural product and may not be specifically identified.
- phenolated lignin can be obtained using a plant material as a starting material. It is preferable to use, as a plant raw material, a plant containing 40% or more by mole fraction of one having a basic skeleton, that is, a phenylpropane unit (C6-C3 unit) which is a basic skeleton.
- a plant raw material a plant containing 40% or more by mole fraction of one having a basic skeleton, that is, a phenylpropane unit (C6-C3 unit) which is a basic skeleton.
- broad-leaved trees such as beech, hippo and moso bamboo, herbaceous plants such as rice and wheat are preferred.
- divalent phenol compound examples include catechol which may have one or more substituents, resorcinol which may have one or more substituents, and even if it has one or more substituents. Good hydroquinone etc. are mentioned.
- a trivalent phenol compound pyrogallol etc. which may have one or more substituents are mentioned.
- the substituents are the same as those defined for the group represented by (A) in the above general formula (I).
- a phenolic lignin containing a desired type and a molar fraction of phenol-containing monomers the types of phenolic compounds used in the above solvation step and their molar fractions can be selected.
- a phenolated lignin containing a phenol-containing monomer in which the group represented by (A) is cresol and a phenol-containing monomer in which the group represented by (A) is xylenol at a molar ratio of X: Y is obtained
- the phenolated lignin obtained by the above method has a lignin skeleton and has a large number of phenolic hydroxyl groups, and thus functions as a main component of a thermosetting resin.
- a phenolic hydroxyl group of phenolated lignin as a reactive group
- an aldehyde compound such as formaldehyde as a curing agent
- a phenolic resin containing a lignin skeleton e.g., it is possible to use a phenolic hydroxyl group of phenolated lignin as a reactive group, an isocyanate compound as a curing agent, and a urethane resin containing a lignin skeleton.
- derivatives of phenolic lignin can also be used as the main agent.
- an epoxy derivative of phenolated lignin also referred to as epoxidized lignin
- a compound having an epoxy group is bound to phenolated lignin
- epoxidized lignin functions as a main ingredient of thermosetting resin and optionally using a curing agent
- an acrylic derivative of phenolated lignin (also referred to as acrylated lignin) in which a compound having an acryl group or a methacryl group is bonded to a phenolated lignin (also referred to as acrylated lignin) can be polymerized to form an acrylic resin.
- the epoxidized lignin resin is a polymerizable compound in which a compound having an epoxy group is bonded to a phenolated lignin containing a phenol-containing monomer represented by the general formula (I).
- the compound having an epoxy group includes epichlorohydrin, but is not limited thereto.
- the composition according to the present embodiment may contain two or more types of epoxidized lignin, which differ in the type of the compound having an epoxy group bonded to the phenolated lignin.
- the phenolated lignin to be epoxidized may include one or more phenol-containing monomers represented by the general formula (I) as long as it has predetermined conditions. And mixtures of two or more produced by different synthetic methods (different plant materials and / or different phenolic compounds).
- the step of epoxidizing the phenolic lignin can be carried out by epoxidizing the phenolic lignin described above by any method.
- the method described in Network Polymer Journal Vol. 31 No. 4 (2010) “Improvement of high temperature cured epoxy resin with epoxidized lignophenol” can be used.
- the epoxy resin main agent in this case may be any epoxy resin main agent generally used to obtain a cured epoxy resin, such as bisphenol A epoxy, bisphenol F epoxy, bisphenol AD epoxy, It may be a biphenyl type epoxy, a cresol novolac type epoxy, a trifunctional or higher functional polyfunctional epoxy, an alicyclic epoxy resin and the like, but is not limited thereto. Among these, a mixture of two or more may be used.
- the epoxidized lignin resin obtained by epoxidizing phenolated lignin containing a phenol-containing monomer represented by the general formula (I) has a total weight of the main ingredients of 100 The percentage is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 70% or more, and still more preferably 90% or more. Most preferably, it is preferable to use an epoxy resin composition in which the main agent is 100% epoxidized lignin resin.
- a lignin skeleton-containing epoxy resin composition using only an epoxidized lignin resin as an epoxy resin main ingredient has hitherto not been able to be molded, according to the present invention for the first time a lignin skeleton-containing epoxy resin containing only an epoxidized lignin as a main agent
- cured material was able to be obtained.
- the resin composition may contain a curing agent, a curing accelerator (curing catalyst), and various additives matched to the application.
- the amount of the curing agent is preferably 70 to 110 parts by mass, and more preferably 85 to 100 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of epoxidized lignin as the main agent. . In some cases, the curing agent may not be used.
- Acrylated lignin resin is a polymerizable compound in which a compound having an acrylic group or a methacrylic group is bound to a phenolated lignin containing a phenol-containing monomer represented by the general formula (I).
- the composition according to the present embodiment may contain two or more types of acrylated lignin, in which compounds having an acryl group or methacryl group bound to phenolated lignin are different.
- the phenolated lignin to be acrylated may include one or more phenol-containing monomers represented by the general formula (I) as long as it has predetermined conditions. And mixtures of two or more produced by different synthetic methods (different plant materials and / or different phenolic compounds).
- an acrylic monomer having no lignin skeleton or a derivative thereof may be mixed in the lignin skeleton-containing acrylic resin composition.
- the acrylic monomer in this case may be any acrylic monomer or derivative thereof generally used to obtain an acrylic polymer molded article, for example, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxy Propyl acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl carbitol acrylate, 3-methoxybutyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, isoamyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, methoxytriethylene glycol acrylate, phenoxytetraethylene glycol acrylate, cetyl acrylate, isostearyl Acrylate, stearyl acrylate, styrene monomer etc.
- a resin composition contains an acrylic monomer other than an acrylated lignin obtained by acrylated phenolated lignin containing a phenol-containing monomer represented by the general formula (I), the acrylated lignin is 100% of the total mass of the main agent
- the content is preferably 50% or more by mass, more preferably 70% or more, and still more preferably 90% or more.
- the lignin skeleton-containing resin composition is, according to the third aspect, a lignin skeleton-containing urethane resin composition.
- the resin composition according to the present embodiment contains a phenolated lignin containing a phenol-containing monomer represented by the general formula (I) described above as a main agent, and an isocyanate compound as a curing agent. Phenolic lignin and isocyanate compounds can be reacted to form a urethane structure.
- the lignin skeleton-containing urethane resin composition may optionally contain a urethanization polymerization catalyst and various additives, in addition to the phenolated lignin and the curing agent.
- the phenolated lignin contained in the composition contains, as described above, the phenol-containing monomer represented by the general formula (I), and if it is provided with predetermined conditions, it is one type. It may be, or it may be a mixture of two or more produced by different synthetic methods (different plant materials and / or different phenolic compounds).
- a polyol component other than a phenolated lignin containing a phenol-containing monomer represented by the general formula (I) may be contained as a main ingredient.
- the phenolic lignin containing the phenol-containing monomer represented by the general formula (I), which is the main agent is preferably contained by 50% or more by mass%, based on 100% of the total mass of the main agent, more preferably Is 70% or more, more preferably 90% or more. Most preferably, it can be set as the urethane resin composition whose main ingredient consists of 100% phenolated lignin.
- the isocyanate compound used as the curing agent is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used as the curing agent for the urethane resin.
- the isocyanates include aliphatic isocyanates, alicyclic isocyanates and aromatic isocyanates, as well as modified products thereof. Examples of aliphatic isocyanates include hexamethylene diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate, and lysine triisocyanate. Examples of alicyclic isocyanates include isophorone diisocyanate.
- the phenolated lignin contained in the composition contains, as described above, the phenol-containing monomer represented by the general formula (I), and if it is provided with predetermined conditions, it is one type. It may be, or it may be a mixture of two or more produced by different synthetic methods (different plant materials and / or different phenolic compounds).
- a phenolic compound other than a phenolic lignin containing a phenol-containing monomer represented by the general formula (I) may be contained as a main ingredient.
- a phenolic compound what is generally used as a main ingredient of a phenol resin should just be used, for example, a phenol, 3,5-xylenol, m-cresol, 2, 5-xylenol, 3, 4-xylenol, 2, Examples include, but are not limited to, 4-xylenol, o-xylenol, p-cresol and the like.
- the phenolated lignin containing phenol-containing monomer represented by the general formula (I), which is the main agent is preferably contained by 50% or more by mass%, based on 100% of the total mass of the main agent. Preferably it is 70% or more, more preferably 90% or more. Most preferably, it can be a phenolic resin composition in which the main ingredient comprises 100% phenolic lignin.
- the aldehyde compound used as the curing agent is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used as a curing agent for a phenol resin.
- aldehyde compounds include formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde, trioxane, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, polyoxymethylene, chloral, hexamethylenetetramine, furfural, glyoxal, n-butyraldehyde, caproaldehyde, allylaldehyde, benzaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, Examples include acrolein, tetraoxymethylene, phenylacetaldehyde, o-tolualdehyde, salicylaldehyde, paraxylene dimethyl ether and the like.
- formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde, trioxane, polyoxymethylene, acetaldehyde and paraxylene dimethyl ether are preferred. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the addition amount of the curing agent consisting of an aldehyde compound is preferably 0.75 to 1.5 equivalents to the main agent, and may be 0.9 to 1.2 equivalents. More preferable.
- a known polymerization catalyst that can be used for producing a phenol resin may be added in the above-mentioned polymerization reaction, if necessary.
- the catalyst include, but not limited to, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, hexamethylenetetramine, trimethylamine, hydrochloric acid, formic acid and the like.
- the additive When a lignin skeleton-containing phenolic resin composition is used as a sealing material for a semiconductor device, the additive includes an inorganic filler, a flame retardant, a pigment for coloring a resin, and a plastic for improving crack resistance. Agents and silicone elastomers, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can appropriately determine these addition amounts in accordance with the specifications required for the semiconductor device and / or the sealing material.
- the phenol resin composition according to the present embodiment can be cured to form a molded product, and in particular, can be suitably used as a mold resin for a molded product.
- the present invention comprises a lignin resin molded product obtained by curing the lignin skeleton-containing resin composition according to the first embodiment, or a member containing a metal material and / or a ceramic material as a lignin skeleton-containing resin composition
- the present invention relates to a molded article sealed by an object, in particular to an electronic device.
- the molded body may typically be a mold transformer, a semiconductor device, or a switchgear.
- molded articles include automobiles, vehicles, aircraft, ships, vending machines, air conditioners, electric / power devices such as air conditioners, generators, etc., for example, gas-insulated switchgear, etc. I will not.
- the molded article according to the present embodiment may be a molded article in which a member containing a metal material and / or a ceramic material and a product after reaction of a lignin skeleton-containing resin composition are integrated, a metal material or The whole of the other material is completely covered with the lignin resin composition, and is not limited to the sealed embodiment.
- the compound which comprises a resin molded object is based on the composition of 1st Embodiment of this invention after manufacture of a molded object.
- the resin molded product can be obtained by curing and molding the resin composition according to the first embodiment by any method.
- the curing conditions are preferably, for example, curing at a temperature of 100 to 250 ° C. for about 3 to 10 hours, but are not limited to a particular curing condition.
- two-step curing may be performed, and in this case, curing may be performed, for example, at a temperature of 100 to 150 ° C. for about 1 to 5 hours, and then at a temperature of 150 to 200 ° C. for about 3 to 5 hours.
- a resin composition is a thermosetting resin
- cured material refer to the same thing.
- the resin composition is a thermoplastic resin
- the resin molded product is obtained by pouring the reaction product of the fluid resin composition into a predetermined mold, frame, case or the like and cooling it. Can.
- the mold transformer according to the present embodiment includes a resin mold coil and an iron core inserted into the core.
- the resin mold coil includes a cylindrical core, a coil conductor wound in multiple layers around the outer periphery of the core, an insulating sheet for insulating the layers of the coil conductor, and a thermosetting resin for molding the periphery of the coil conductor.
- This thermosetting resin can be constituted by the resin composition according to the second embodiment.
- the mold transformer may be configured as described in JP-A-2015-211132, JP-A-2014-204002, etc., but is not particularly limited.
- the lignin resin composition can be used as a mold resin in any mold transformer.
- the resin molded product according to the present embodiment is stable under the operating temperature conditions of the general mold transformer and under the operating environment conditions, and can ensure electrical insulation over a long period of time.
- the average temperature rise of the coil conductor of the mold transformer is about 90 to 95 K from normal temperature, and generally, the use environment does not become alkaline conditions.
- the molded product can be disassembled under mild conditions, for example, at a relatively low temperature of 160 ° C. or less, preferably 150 ° C. or less, by a recycling method described later. For this reason, it becomes possible to decompose
- the semiconductor device is formed by connecting a semiconductor element mounted on a laminated substrate and an output terminal by a conductive connecting member, and sealing these with a sealing resin.
- the sealing resin can be constituted by the resin composition according to the first embodiment.
- a structure of a semiconductor device a thing using a metal wire, a lead frame, a metal pin etc. is known as an electrical connection member, and various forms are known also about a kind and arrangement of a semiconductor element.
- the resin composition according to the first embodiment of the present invention can be used as a sealing resin in any form of semiconductor device.
- a plurality of arc extinguishing chambers are disposed in a container, and an arc extinguishing gas such as SF6 gas is filled in the container and the plurality of arc extinguishing chambers.
- the outside of the container is molded with the resin composition according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the opening / closing device may be in an aspect in which the outside of the container is molded with the resin composition according to the first embodiment of the present invention in the configuration disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-21997. It is not limited to these.
- the outside of the container can be covered with the resin composition according to the first embodiment to ensure insulation.
- the switchgear according to the present embodiment is advantageous in that the entire device can be miniaturized and space can be saved, as compared with the switchgear according to the prior art.
- the resin molded product according to the present embodiment can ensure a high glass transition temperature of 200 ° C. or higher, so it stably exists under the use conditions of the switchgear, and can ensure electrical insulation over a long period of time .
- the use environment does not have an alkaline condition.
- the molded product can be disassembled under mild conditions, for example, at a relatively low temperature of 160 ° C. or less, preferably 150 ° C. or less, by a recycling method described later. For this reason, it becomes possible to decompose
- the present invention relates, according to a third embodiment, to a method of recycling metal and / or ceramic material contained in a molded body.
- This method includes the step of treating the molded body at 120 to 150 ° C. in an alkaline solution.
- the components to be recycled may be, for example, molded transformers, semiconductor devices, members included in the switchgear exemplified in the second embodiment, and include at least a metal material and / or a ceramic material, and others May include, but is not limited to, glass, fiber materials, and the like.
- a metal material generally contained in such a molded article Cu, Fe, Al, Ni, Sn, Au, Ag, Ti or an alloy of these may be mentioned, but it is not limited thereto.
- the molded body Prior to the treatment step, optionally, the molded body may be crushed using a grinder.
- the size to be crushed may be appropriately selected depending on the type, size, shape and the like of the substance to be recycled. Further, in the case where metal fine particles are contained, the molded body may be crushed to a particle size of about 100 ⁇ m ⁇ or less.
- the molded article or the crushed molded article is preferably immersed in an aqueous alkali metal compound solution, and the resin molded article is easily decomposed by heating to a predetermined temperature in the immersed state.
- an alkali metal compound a compound containing an alkali metal such as lithium, sodium, potassium and cesium, a hydride such as lithium, sodium, potassium and cesium, a hydroxide and a chloride can be used.
- this aqueous solution can be adjusted to 0.5 to 5.0 equivalents of the alkali metal compound and 1000 g of water with respect to 10 g of the resin molded body.
- an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide can be used, but is not limited thereto.
- the treatment temperature at this time is preferably 100 to 150 ° C., and the treatment time is preferably 1 to 5 hours.
- the means for heating is not particularly limited, but may be an autoclave or the like. Furthermore, it is preferable to stir the alkali metal compound aqueous solution during heating. By such an operation, it is possible to decompose and remove the resin molding firmly adhered to the metal material and / or the ceramic material, the glass, the fiber material and the like. The remaining metal material and / or ceramic material and the like can be separated, separated and reused by any known method.
- Example 1 Synthesis of lignophenol
- a rice straw containing 42% by mole fraction of syringol in lignin molecular structure As a plant raw material, it was synthesized according to the following method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-159381, using a rice straw containing 42% by mole fraction of syringol in lignin molecular structure. Specifically, an acetone solution containing 3 mol of p-cresol per unit of lignin C in this rice straw was added to 100 g of rice straw defatted powder, and left overnight to impregnate the rice straw powder with p-cresol.
- the amount of C9 unit of lignin in rice straw defatted powder was calculated based on elemental analysis of lignin in rice straw defatted powder.
- the dried precipitate was extracted with 300 ml of acetone, and after centrifugation, the supernatant was obtained as a lignocresol-acetone solution.
- the lignocresol-acetone solution was dropped little by little into a large excess of diethyl ether.
- the precipitated fraction was collected by centrifugation, washed with diethyl ether, the solvent was distilled off and dried to obtain a rice straw-derived lignocresol.
- the reaction solution was filtered, and the filtrate was evaporated and dried under vacuum to evaporate the solvent and to dryness to obtain epoxidized lignin.
- the epoxidized lignin obtained in Example 1 had a structure in which an epoxy group was bonded to some of the OH groups in lignocresol, and was a crosslinkable epoxy compound.
- thermomechanical analysis TMA-6100, manufactured by SII Nano Technology Co., Ltd.
- the temperature increase rate is 5 ° C./min
- the load is 1.0 g
- the softening point temperature in the atmosphere Were measured, and the presence or absence of thermal fluidity at 100.degree. C. or less was confirmed.
- the lignin skeleton-containing epoxy resin molded article prepared above was used as a test piece of ⁇ 10 mm ⁇ thickness 3 mm.
- the test piece is immersed in a 1.0 N aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and heated in an autoclave at a predetermined temperature (110, 120, 130, 140, 150 ° C.) for 1 hour to decompose the shaped body (cured product) evaluated.
- Example 2 Epoxidized lignin was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 3 mol of p-cresol added in the synthesis of lignophenol was changed to a mixture of 2 mol of p-cresol and 1 mol of 2,6-xylenol. Prepared.
- the epoxidized lignin obtained in Example 2 had a structure in which an epoxy group was bonded to some of the OH groups in lignocresol and / or lignoxylenol, and was a crosslinkable epoxy compound.
- a lignin skeleton-containing epoxy resin molded article was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 using this epoxidized lignin. Then, in the same manner as in Example 1, the thermal fluidity and degradability were evaluated.
- Example 3 A lignin skeleton-containing epoxy in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 3 mol of p-cresol added in the synthesis of lignophenol is changed to a mixture of 1 mol of p-cresol and 2 mol of 2,6-xylenol. A resin molding was produced. Then, in the same manner as in Example 1, the thermal fluidity and degradability were evaluated.
- Example 4 The procedure of Example 1 is repeated except that 3 mol of p-cresol added in the synthesis of lignophenol is changed to a mixture of 0.9 mol of p-cresol and 2.1 mol of 2,6-xylenol. A lignin skeleton-containing epoxy resin molded product was produced. Then, in the same manner as in Example 1, the thermal fluidity and degradability were evaluated.
- Example 5 The procedure of Example 1 is repeated except that 3 mol of p-cresol added in the synthesis of lignophenol is changed to a mixture of 0.75 mol of p-cresol and 2.25 mol of 2,6-xylenol. A lignin skeleton-containing epoxy resin molded product was produced. Then, in the same manner as in Example 1, the thermal fluidity and degradability were evaluated.
- Example 6 preparation of a lignin skeleton-containing epoxy resin molded product was attempted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the plant raw material was changed to Beitga (conifer) containing no syringol.
- Example 7 (Synthesis of lignophenol) The synthesis of lignophenol was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a rice straw-derived lignocresol.
- lignin skeleton-containing urethane resin molded product 50 g of lignocresol synthesized above was used as a main ingredient, and 15 g of diphenylmethane diisocyanate milionate MTL (manufactured by Tosoh Corp.) was added as an isocyanate curing agent, and the mixture was blended such that the NCO / OH equivalent ratio was 1. Furthermore, as a polymerization catalyst, 0.03 g of dioctyltin dilaurate Neostan U 810 (Nitto Kasei Co., Ltd. nature) was added and stirred to prepare a lignin skeleton-containing urethane resin composition.
- the obtained lignin skeleton-containing urethane resin molded product had a urethane structure in which some of the OH groups contained in lignophenol were bonded to isocyanate groups to form a urethane bond.
- Example 8 A lignin skeleton-containing urethane in the same manner as in Example 7 except that 3 mol of p-cresol added in the synthesis of lignophenol is changed to a mixture of 2 mol of p-cresol and 1 mol of 2,6-xylenol in Example 7. A resin molding was produced. Then, in the same manner as in Example 7, the thermal fluidity and degradability were evaluated.
- Example 9 A lignin skeleton-containing urethane in the same manner as in Example 7 except that 3 mol of p-cresol added in the synthesis of lignophenol is changed to a mixture of 1 mol of p-cresol and 2 mol of 2,6-xylenol in Example 7. A resin molding was produced. Then, in the same manner as in Example 7, the thermal fluidity and degradability were evaluated.
- Example 7 is the same as Example 7, except that 3 mol of p-cresol added in the synthesis of lignophenol is changed to a mixture of 0.9 mol of p-cresol and 2.1 mol of 2,6-xylenol. A lignin skeleton-containing urethane resin molded article was produced. Then, in the same manner as in Example 7, the thermal fluidity and degradability were evaluated.
- Example 7 is the same as Example 7, except that 3 mol of p-cresol added in the synthesis of lignophenol is changed to a mixture of 0.75 mol of p-cresol and 2.25 mol of 2,6-xylenol. A lignin skeleton-containing urethane resin molded article was produced. Then, in the same manner as in Example 7, the thermal fluidity and degradability were evaluated.
- the molding fluidity of the acrylated lignin was measured by measuring the softening point temperature in the same manner as in Example 1. Further, the degradability of the lignin skeleton-containing acrylic resin molded product was also evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 13 An lignin skeleton-containing acrylic in the same manner as in Example 12 except that 3 mol of p-cresol added in the synthesis of lignophenol was changed to a mixture of 2 mol of p-cresol and 1 mol of 2,6-xylenol in Example 12. A resin molding was produced. Then, in the same manner as in Example 12, the thermal fluidity and degradability were evaluated.
- Example 14 An lignin skeleton-containing acrylic in the same manner as in Example 12 except that 3 mol of p-cresol added in the synthesis of lignophenol was changed to a mixture of 1 mol of p-cresol and 2 mol of 2,6-xylenol in Example 12. A resin molding was produced. Then, in the same manner as in Example 12, the thermal fluidity and degradability were evaluated.
- Example 12 is the same as Example 12, except that 3 mol of p-cresol added in the synthesis of lignophenol is changed to a mixture of 0.9 mol of p-cresol and 2.1 mol of 2,6-xylenol. A lignin skeleton-containing acrylic resin molded article was produced. Then, in the same manner as in Example 12, the thermal fluidity and degradability were evaluated.
- Example 12 is the same as Example 12 except that 3 mol of p-cresol added in the synthesis of lignophenol is changed to a mixture of 0.75 mol of p-cresol and 2.25 mol of 2,6-xylenol. A lignin skeleton-containing acrylic resin molded article was produced. Then, in the same manner as in Example 12, the thermal fluidity and degradability were evaluated.
- Example 17 (Synthesis of lignophenol) The synthesis of lignophenol was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a rice straw-derived lignocresol.
- Example 18 A lignin skeleton-containing phenol is prepared in the same manner as in Example 17 except that 3 mol of p-cresol added in the synthesis of lignophenol is changed to a mixture of 2 mol of p-cresol and 1 mol of 2,6-xylenol. A resin molding was produced. Then, in the same manner as in Example 17, the thermal fluidity and degradability were evaluated.
- Example 19 A lignin skeleton-containing phenol in the same manner as in Example 17 except that 3 mol of p-cresol added in the synthesis of lignophenol is changed to a mixture of 1 mol of p-cresol and 2 mol of 2,6-xylenol in Example 17. A resin molding was produced. Then, in the same manner as in Example 17, the thermal fluidity and degradability were evaluated.
- Example 20 The procedure of Example 17 is repeated except that 3 mol of p-cresol added in the synthesis of lignophenol is changed to a mixture of 0.9 mol of p-cresol and 2.1 mol of 2,6-xylenol. A lignin skeleton-containing phenolic resin molded article was produced. Then, in the same manner as in Example 17, the thermal fluidity and degradability were evaluated.
- Example 21 The procedure of Example 17 is repeated except that 3 mol of p-cresol added in the synthesis of lignophenol is changed to a mixture of 0.75 mol of p-cresol and 2.25 mol of 2,6-xylenol. A lignin skeleton-containing phenolic resin molded article was produced. Then, in the same manner as in Example 17, the thermal fluidity and degradability were evaluated.
- Comparative Example 1 A lignin skeleton-containing epoxy resin molded article of a comparative example is produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 3 mol of p-cresol added in the synthesis of lignophenol is changed to 3 mol of 2,6-xylenol in Example 1. did. Then, in the same manner as in Example 1, the thermal fluidity and degradability were evaluated.
- Comparative Example 2 A lignin skeleton-containing urethane resin molded article of a comparative example is produced in the same manner as in Example 7 except that 3 mol of p-cresol added in the synthesis of lignophenol is changed to 3 mol of 2,6-xylenol in Example 7. did. Then, in the same manner as in Example 7, the thermal fluidity and degradability were evaluated.
- Comparative Example 3 A lignin skeleton-containing acrylic resin molded article of a comparative example is produced in the same manner as in Example 12 except that 3 mol of p-cresol added in the synthesis of lignophenol is changed to 3 mol of 2,6-xylenol in Example 12. did. Then, in the same manner as in Example 12, the thermal fluidity and degradability were evaluated.
- Comparative Example 4 A lignin skeleton-containing phenol resin molded article of a comparative example is produced in the same manner as in Example 17 except that 3 mol of p-cresol added in the synthesis of lignophenol is changed to 3 mol of 2,6-xylenol in Example 17. did. Then, in the same manner as in Example 17, the thermal fluidity and degradability were evaluated.
- Comparative Example 5 50 phr of Bis phenol A epoxy JER 828 (manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resins Co., Ltd.) and 4 phr of imidazole (2E4MZ) as a curing catalyst were added and stirred. This mixture was put into an arbitrary mold, and was subjected to 100 ° C. for 2 hours (pre-curing) and 140 ° C. for 4 hours (post-curing) to obtain an epoxy resin molded product having no lignin skeleton.
- Comparative Example 7 To 50 g of nonanediol diacrylate FA 129 AS (manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added 3 phr of Perbutyl O (manufactured by NOF Corporation) as a thermal polymerization catalyst, and the mixture was stirred. This mixture was put into an arbitrary mold and heated at 100 ° C. for 16 hours to obtain an acrylic resin molded product containing no lignin skeleton.
- Perbutyl O manufactured by NOF Corporation
- Comparative Example 8 50 g of phenol novolac TD-2131 (manufactured by DIC Corporation) was dissolved in 400 ml of tetrahydrafuran, and 15 g of hexamethylenetetramine (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) as an amine curing agent was added and stirred. The mixed solution was evaporated, and the solvent was evaporated by vacuum drying to dryness to obtain a mixture of a phenol resin and a curing agent. The resultant was put in an arbitrary mold and heated at 120 ° C. for 5 hours and heated at 150 ° C. for 3 hours to obtain a phenolic resin molded product containing no lignin skeleton.
- the molded body weight reduction rate (%) immerses a test piece in sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, and sets the time to start heating to 0, (the molded body (solid content) mass 1 hour after the process start) / (treatment It is defined by the previous total molding volume) * 100.
- the lignocresol content refers to the molar amount of a phenol-containing monomer in which the group represented by (A) in formula (I) is cresol and the group represented by (A) in formula (I)
- the total amount of the molar amount of the phenol-containing monomer in which is xylenol is 100
- the amount of the molar fraction of the phenol-containing monomer in which the group represented by (A) in formula (I) is cresol is represented by% I shall say.
- the molar amount of phenol-containing monomer in which the group represented by (A) in formula (I) is cresol and the group represented by (A) in formula (I) are xylenol When the total amount of the molar amount of the phenol-containing monomer which is represented by 100 is 100, the amount represented by% of the molar fraction of the phenol-containing monomer in which the group represented by (A) in the formula (I) is xylenol I assume.
- Examples 1 to 5 and 7 to 21 had thermal fluidity at a low temperature of 100 ° C. or less, good moldability, and it was possible to produce a molded body. Furthermore, all of Examples 1 to 4, 7 to 10, 12 to 15, and 17 to 20 exhibited good decomposability at a low temperature of 120 to 150 ° C. in the alkaline solution. Also in Examples 5, 11, 16, and 21, heating at 160 ° C. in the alkaline solution showed degradability. Further, in Example 6, there was no thermal fluidity at 100 ° C. or lower, and it was impossible to produce a molded body. Further, in Comparative Examples 1 to 8, the compact could not be disassembled within the temperature range of 110 to 150 ° C.
- Example 6 epoxy, acrylic, urethane, and phenolic resin molded articles were obtained from the glass transition temperatures of commercially available epoxy, acrylic, urethane, and phenolic resin molded articles. It was high by about 20 ° C. and had sufficient heat resistance.
- the resin compositions prepared in this example epoxy, urethane, acrylic, and phenol resins, all have excellent heat resistance, and are widely used as industrially useful resins. However, it was difficult to disassemble and sometimes it was difficult to handle from the viewpoint of product recycling.
- a lignin skeleton-containing phenolic lignin containing a phenol-containing monomer represented by the general formula (I) is contained in the main chain structure, and a lignin skeleton containing a crosslinked structure having the characteristics of epoxy, urethane, acrylic and phenolic resin
- the degradability of the lignin skeleton-containing resin according to the present invention under an alkaline solution is determined by the OH present in R 1 or R 2 of the phenol-containing monomer represented by the general formula (I) It depends on the group, so it can be said that all decompose under the same conditions.
- the heat resistance is enhanced by each crosslink structure in addition to the lignin skeleton, so that it can be said that the excellent heat resistance specific to each crosslink group is exhibited.
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Description
(式中、
R1~R5は、それぞれ独立して、H、OH、C1~C6のアルキル基、C1~C6のアルコキシ基、C6~C10のアリール基から選択される一価の基であるか、または、R1~R5のうち隣り合う置換基が共同して、置換もしくは非置換の芳香環を形成しており、かつ、R1またはR2の少なくとも一つが水酸基であり、R6は、OCH3またはHである)
で示されるフェノール含有モノマーを含むフェノール化リグニン、または反応性モノマー基を含むその誘導体を主剤として含む、リグニン骨格含有樹脂組成物に関する。
(a)前記フェノール化リグニンにエポキシ基を含む化合物を結合した、エポキシ化リグニンである、または
(b)前記フェノール化リグニンにアクリル基もしくはメタクリル基を含む化合物を結合した、アクリル化リグニンであることが好ましい。
(c)イソシアネート化合物、または
(d)アルデヒド化合物
を硬化剤として含むことが好ましい。
本発明は、第1実施形態によれば、リグニン骨格含有樹脂組成物に関する。リグニン骨格含有熱樹脂組成物は、リグニン骨格を含有する樹脂を主剤として含む。リグニン骨格を含有する樹脂主剤は、フェノール化リグニンまたはその誘導体である。フェノール化リグニン誘導体は、フェノール化リグニンに反応性モノマー基が共有結合した誘導体である。
式中、R1~R5は、それぞれ独立して、H、OH、C1~C6のアルキル基、C1~C6のアルコキシ基、C6~C10のアリール基から選択される一価の基であるか、または、R1~R5のうち隣り合う置換基が共同して、置換もしくは非置換の芳香環を形成しており、R1またはR2の少なくとも一つが水酸基であり、R6は、OCH3またはHである。
リグニン骨格含有樹脂組成物は、第1態様によれば、リグニン骨格含有エポキシ樹脂組成物である。本態様によるリグニン骨格含有エポキシ樹脂組成物は、一般式(I)で示されるフェノール含有モノマーを含むフェノール化リグニンのエポキシ誘導体(エポキシ化リグニン)を主剤として含む。リグニン骨格含有エポキシ樹脂組成物は、主剤としてのエポキシ化リグニン樹脂に加え、任意選択的に硬化剤、硬化促進剤及び他のエポキシ化合物とを含んでもよい。
リグニン骨格含有樹脂組成物は、第2態様によれば、リグニン骨格含有アクリル樹脂組成物である。本実施形態によるリグニン骨格含有アクリル樹脂組成物は、一般式(I)で示されるフェノール含有モノマーを含むフェノール化リグニンのアクリル誘導体(アクリル化リグニン樹脂ともいう)を主剤として含む。リグニン骨格含有アクリル樹脂組成物には、主剤としてのアクリル化リグニン樹脂に加え、任意選択的に(重合)開始剤及びその他のアクリルモノマーを含んでもよい。
リグニン骨格含有樹脂組成物は、第3態様によれば、リグニン骨格含有ウレタン樹脂組成物である。本態様による樹脂組成物は、先に記載した一般式(I)で示されるフェノール含有モノマーを含むフェノール化リグニンを主剤として含み、イソシアネート化合物を硬化剤として含む。フェノール化リグニンとイソシアネート化合物とは、反応して、ウレタン構造を形成することができる。リグニン骨格含有ウレタン樹脂組成物は、フェノール化リグニンと、硬化剤とに加え、任意選択的に、ウレタン化重合触媒と、各種添加剤とを含んでいてもよい。
リグニン骨格含有樹脂組成物は、第4態様によれば、リグニン骨格含有フェノール樹脂組成物である。本態様による樹脂組成物は、先に記載した一般式(I)で示されるフェノール含有モノマーを含むフェノール化リグニンを主剤として含み、アルデヒド化合物を硬化剤として含む。フェノール化リグニンとアルデヒド化合物とは、反応して、アルデヒド化合物由来の架橋構造を形成し、フェノール樹脂を得ることができる。リグニン骨格含有フェノール樹脂組成物は、フェノール化リグニンと、硬化剤とに加え、任意選択的に、重合触媒と、各種添加剤とを含んでいてもよい。
本発明は、第2実施形態によれば、第1実施形態によるリグニン骨格含有樹脂組成物を硬化してなるリグニン樹脂成形体、あるいは金属材料及び/またはセラミック材料を含む部材をリグニン骨格含有樹脂組成物により封止したモールド成形体、特には電子機器に関する。モールド成形体は、典型的には、モールド変圧器、半導体装置、開閉装置であってよい。その他にも、モールド成形体の例としては、自動車、車両、航空機、船舶、自動販売機、空調機、発電機などの電気・電力機器、例えば、ガス絶縁開閉装置等があるが、特には限定されない。なお、本実施形態によるモールド成形体とは、金属材料及び/またはセラミック材料を含む部材と、リグニン骨格含有樹脂組成物の反応後生成物とが一体化した成形体であればよく、金属材料あるいはそのほかの材料の全体がリグニン樹脂組成物により完全に被覆され、封止された態様に限定されない。成形体の製造後に、樹脂成形体を構成する化合物が、本発明の第1実施形態の組成物に基づくことは、赤外吸収分光法、ガスクロマトグラフ質量分析計により分析することができる。
本発明は、第3実施形態によれば、モールド成形体に含まれる金属材料及び/またはセラミック材料のリサイクル方法に関する。この方法は、前記モールド成形体を、アルカリ溶液中で、120~150℃で処理する工程を含む。具体的にリサイクル対象になるのは、例えば、第2実施形態において例示したモールド変圧器、半導体装置、開閉装置に含まれる部材であってよく、少なくとも金属材料及び/またはセラミック材料を含み、このほかに、ガラス、繊維材料等を含んでもよいが、これらには限定されない。また、このようなモールド成形体に一般に含まれている金属材料としては、Cu、Fe、Al、Ni、Sn、Au、Ag、Tiあるいはこれらの合金が挙げられるが、これらには限定されない。
[実施例1]
(リグノフェノールの合成)
植物原料として、リグニン分子構造中にシリンゴールをモル分率で42%含む稲藁を用い、特開2010-159381号公報に開示されている以下の手法により合成した。具体的には、稲藁脱脂粉末100gに、この稲藁中のリグニンC9単位あたり3molのp-クレゾールを含むアセトン溶液を加えて一夜放置して、稲藁粉末にp-クレゾールを含浸させた。その後、木粉をバットに薄く広げて、アセトン臭がなくなるまで、ドラフト中で放置して、アセトンを留去した。稲藁脱脂粉末中のリグニンのC9単位量は、稲藁脱脂粉末中のリグニンの元素分析に基づいて算出した。
上記で合成したリグノクレゾール50g、エピクロロヒドリン1000gを反応器内で混合し、リグノクレゾールがエピクロロヒドリン(溶媒兼反応試薬)に完全に溶解するまで、撹拌した。溶解後、反応器内が100mmHgになるように減圧し、オイルバスにより反応器内が55~60℃になるように調節し、反応器内を還流させた。反応器内の温度、圧力が一定になった後、20%NaOH水溶液17.5gを滴下漏斗により少量ずつ滴下し、エポキシ化反応を開始した。滴下開始から、2時間反応させた後、得られた溶液をろ過し、ろ液をエバポレーション、真空乾燥により溶媒留去、乾固し、エポキシ化リグニンを得た。実施例1で得られたエポキシ化リグニンは、リグノクレゾール中のいくつかのOH基に、エポキシ基が結合した構造を備え、エポキシ化合物として架橋性を有するものであった。
上記で合成したエポキシ化リグニン50gをアセトン200mLに溶解し、これに硬化触媒(硬化促進剤)として2-エチル-4-メチルイミダゾール(2E4MZ)を4phr加え撹拌した。この混合溶液をエバポレーション、真空乾燥により溶媒を留去、乾固し、エポキシ化リグニンと硬化触媒の混合物を得た。この混合物を任意の型に入れ、100℃で2時間(前硬化)、140℃で4時間(後硬化)し、エポキシ化リグニンの硬化物であるリグニン骨格含有エポキシ樹脂成形体を得た。
エポキシ化リグニンの成形流動性を確認する為、熱機械分析(SIIナノテクノロジー株式会社製、TMA-6100)を用い、昇温速度5℃/min、荷重1.0g、大気雰囲気下で軟化点温度の測定を行い、100℃以下での熱流動性の有無を確認した。
上記で作成したリグニン骨格含有エポキシ樹脂成形体を、Φ10mm×厚み3mmのサイズの試験片とした。試験片を、1.0N水酸化ナトリウム水溶液中に浸漬し、オートクレーブにて所定の温度(110、120、130、140、150℃)で1時間加熱し、成形体(硬化物)の分解性を評価した。
実施例1において、リグノフェノールの合成の際に加えるp-クレゾール3molを、p-クレゾール2molと2,6-キシレノール1molとの混合物に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてエポキシ化リグニンを調製した。実施例2で得られたエポキシ化リグニンは、リグノクレゾール及び/またはリグノキシレノール中のいくつかのOH基に、エポキシ基が結合した構造を備え、エポキシ化合物として架橋性を有するものであった。このエポキシ化リグニンを用いて、実施例1と同様にリグニン骨格含有エポキシ樹脂成形体を作製した。そして、実施例1と同様にして、熱流動性・分解性の評価を行った。
実施例1において、リグノフェノールの合成の際に加えるp-クレゾール3molを、p-クレゾール1molと2,6-キシレノール2molとの混合物に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリグニン骨格含有エポキシ樹脂成形体を作製した。そして、実施例1と同様にして、熱流動性・分解性の評価を行った。
実施例1において、リグノフェノールの合成の際に加えるp-クレゾール3molを、p-クレゾール0.9molと2,6-キシレノール2.1molとの混合物に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリグニン骨格含有エポキシ樹脂成形体を作製した。そして、実施例1と同様にして、熱流動性・分解性の評価を行った。
実施例1において、リグノフェノールの合成の際に加えるp-クレゾール3molを、p-クレゾール0.75molと2,6-キシレノール2.25molとの混合物に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリグニン骨格含有エポキシ樹脂成形体を作製した。そして、実施例1と同様にして、熱流動性・分解性の評価を行った。
実施例1において、植物原料を、シリンゴールを含まないベイツガ(針葉樹)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、リグニン骨格含有エポキシ樹脂成形体の作製を試みた。
[実施例7]
(リグノフェノールの合成)
リグノフェノールの合成は、実施例1と同様に行い、稲藁由来のリグノクレゾールを得た。
上記で合成したリグノクレゾール50gを主剤とし、イソシアネート硬化剤としてジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート ミリオネートMTL(東ソー株式会社製)を15g加え、NCO/OH当量比が1となるように配合した。更に、重合触媒としてジオクチル錫ジラウレート ネオスタンU810(日東化成株式会社性)0.03gを加え撹拌し、リグニン骨格含有ウレタン樹脂組成物を調製した。これを任意の型に入れ、100℃で30時間加熱し、リグニン骨格含有ウレタン樹脂成形体を得た。得られたリグニン骨格含有ウレタン樹脂成形体は、リグノフェノールに含まれるOH基のいくつかが、イソシアネート基と結合し、ウレタン結合を形成したウレタン構造を備えるものであった。
リグノクレゾールの成形流動性は、実施例1と同様に軟化点温度の測定により実施した。また、リグニン骨格含有ウレタン樹脂成形体の分解性も、実施例1と同様に評価した。
実施例7において、リグノフェノールの合成の際に加えるp-クレゾール3molを、p-クレゾール2molと2,6-キシレノール1molとの混合物に変更した以外は、実施例7と同様にしてリグニン骨格含有ウレタン樹脂成形体を作製した。そして、実施例7と同様にして、熱流動性・分解性の評価を行った。
実施例7において、リグノフェノールの合成の際に加えるp-クレゾール3molを、p-クレゾール1molと2,6-キシレノール2molとの混合物に変更した以外は、実施例7と同様にしてリグニン骨格含有ウレタン樹脂成形体を作製した。そして、実施例7と同様にして、熱流動性・分解性の評価を行った。
実施例7において、リグノフェノールの合成の際に加えるp-クレゾール3molを、p-クレゾール0.9molと2,6-キシレノール2.1molとの混合物に変更した以外は、実施例7と同様にしてリグニン骨格含有ウレタン樹脂成形体を作製した。そして、実施例7と同様にして、熱流動性・分解性の評価を行った。
実施例7において、リグノフェノールの合成の際に加えるp-クレゾール3molを、p-クレゾール0.75molと2,6-キシレノール2.25molとの混合物に変更した以外は、実施例7と同様にしてリグニン骨格含有ウレタン樹脂成形体を作製した。そして、実施例7と同様にして、熱流動性・分解性の評価を行った。
[実施例12]
(リグノフェノールの合成)
リグノフェノールの合成は、実施例1と同様に行い、稲藁由来のリグノクレゾールを得た。
上記で合成したリグノクレゾール50gをテトラヒドラフラン400mlに溶解し、これを5℃に冷却、窒素雰囲気化中で12%NaOH水溶液120gを滴下した。この溶液に塩化アクリロイル22gを60分かけて滴下し、その後2時間撹拌し、反応を終了させた。この反応液を水に注ぎ、トルエン溶媒にて抽出した。この抽出液を炭酸ナトリウム水溶液と水で洗浄した。その後、溶液からトルエンを除去し、カラムクロマト処理にて精製した。この溶液にn-ヘキサンを加えて結晶化させ、真空乾燥により溶媒留去、乾固し、アクリル化リグニンを得た。得られたアクリル化リグニンは、リグノクレゾール中のいくつかのOH基からHが離脱して、アクリロイル基(H2C=CH-C(=O)-)が結合した構造を備え、アクリルモノマーとして架橋性を有するものであった。
上記で合成したアクリル化リグニン50gをテトラヒドロフラン200mLに溶解し、これに熱重合触媒としてパーブチルO(日本油脂株式会社製)を3phr加え撹拌した。この混合溶液をエバポレーション、真空乾燥により溶媒を留去、乾固し、アクリル化リグニンと熱重合触媒の混合物を得た。この混合物を任意の型に入れ、100℃で16時間加熱し、アクリル化リグニンの重合体であるリグニン骨格含有アクリル樹脂成形体を得た。
アクリル化リグニンの成形流動性は、実施例1と同様に軟化点温度の測定により実施した。また、リグニン骨格含有アクリル樹脂成形体の分解性も、実施例1と同様に評価した。
実施例12において、リグノフェノールの合成の際に加えるp-クレゾール3molを、p-クレゾール2molと2,6-キシレノール1molとの混合物に変更した以外は、実施例12と同様にしてリグニン骨格含有アクリル樹脂成形体を作製した。そして、実施例12と同様にして、熱流動性・分解性の評価を行った。
実施例12において、リグノフェノールの合成の際に加えるp-クレゾール3molを、p-クレゾール1molと2,6-キシレノール2molとの混合物に変更した以外は、実施例12と同様にしてリグニン骨格含有アクリル樹脂成形体を作製した。そして、実施例12と同様にして、熱流動性・分解性の評価を行った。
実施例12において、リグノフェノールの合成の際に加えるp-クレゾール3molを、p-クレゾール0.9molと2,6-キシレノール2.1molとの混合物に変更した以外は、実施例12と同様にしてリグニン骨格含有アクリル樹脂成形体を作製した。そして、実施例12と同様にして、熱流動性・分解性の評価を行った。
実施例12において、リグノフェノールの合成の際に加えるp-クレゾール3molを、p-クレゾール0.75molと2,6-キシレノール2.25molとの混合物に変更した以外は、実施例12と同様にしてリグニン骨格含有アクリル樹脂成形体を作製した。そして、実施例12と同様にして、熱流動性・分解性の評価を行った。
[実施例17]
(リグノフェノールの合成)
リグノフェノールの合成は、実施例1と同様に行い、稲藁由来のリグノクレゾールを得た。
上記で合成したリグノクレゾール50gをテトラヒドラフラン400mlに溶解し、アミン系硬化剤としてヘキサメチレンテトラミン(和光純薬工業株式会社製)を17g加え撹拌した。この混合溶液をエバポレーション、真空乾燥により溶媒を留去、乾固し、フェノール化リグニンと硬化剤の混合物を得た。これを任意の型に入れ、120℃で5時間、150℃で3時間加熱し、リグニン骨格含有フェノール樹脂成形体を得た。得られたリグニン骨格含有フェノール樹脂成形体は、リグノクレゾールに含まれるOH基のいくつかが、ヘキサメチレンテトラミンと結合し、リグノクレゾール間に、ヘキサメチレンテトラミン由来の架橋構造を備えるものであった。
リグノクレゾールの成形流動性は、実施例1と同様に軟化点温度の測定により実施した。また、リグニン骨格含有フェノール樹脂成形体の分解性も、実施例1と同様に評価した。
実施例17において、リグノフェノールの合成の際に加えるp-クレゾール3molを、p-クレゾール2molと2,6-キシレノール1molとの混合物に変更した以外は、実施例17と同様にしてリグニン骨格含有フェノール樹脂成形体を作製した。そして、実施例17と同様にして、熱流動性・分解性の評価を行った。
実施例17において、リグノフェノールの合成の際に加えるp-クレゾール3molを、p-クレゾール1molと2,6-キシレノール2molとの混合物に変更した以外は、実施例17と同様にしてリグニン骨格含有フェノール樹脂成形体を作製した。そして、実施例17と同様にして、熱流動性・分解性の評価を行った。
実施例17において、リグノフェノールの合成の際に加えるp-クレゾール3molを、p-クレゾール0.9molと2,6-キシレノール2.1molとの混合物に変更した以外は、実施例17と同様にしてリグニン骨格含有フェノール樹脂成形体を作製した。そして、実施例17と同様にして、熱流動性・分解性の評価を行った。
実施例17において、リグノフェノールの合成の際に加えるp-クレゾール3molを、p-クレゾール0.75molと2,6-キシレノール2.25molとの混合物に変更した以外は、実施例17と同様にしてリグニン骨格含有フェノール樹脂成形体を作製した。そして、実施例17と同様にして、熱流動性・分解性の評価を行った。
実施例1において、リグノフェノールの合成の際に加えるp-クレゾール3molを、2,6-キシレノール3molに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして比較例のリグニン骨格含有エポキシ樹脂成形体を作製した。そして、実施例1と同様にして、熱流動性・分解性の評価を行った。
実施例7において、リグノフェノールの合成の際に加えるp-クレゾール3molを、2,6-キシレノール3molに変更した以外は、実施例7と同様にして比較例のリグニン骨格含有ウレタン樹脂成形体を作製した。そして、実施例7と同様にして、熱流動性・分解性の評価を行った。
実施例12において、リグノフェノールの合成の際に加えるp-クレゾール3molを、2,6-キシレノール3molに変更した以外は、実施例12と同様にして比較例のリグニン骨格含有アクリル樹脂成形体を作製した。そして、実施例12と同様にして、熱流動性・分解性の評価を行った。
実施例17において、リグノフェノールの合成の際に加えるp-クレゾール3molを、2,6-キシレノール3molに変更した以外は、実施例17と同様にして比較例のリグニン骨格含有フェノール樹脂成形体を作製した。そして、実施例17と同様にして、熱流動性・分解性の評価を行った。
BisフェノールAエポキシJER828(ジャパンエポキシレジン社製) 50gと硬化触媒としてイミダゾール(2E4MZ)を4phr加え撹拌した。この混合物を任意の型に入れ、100℃で2時間(前硬化)、140℃で4時間(後硬化)し、リグニン骨格を含まないエポキシ樹脂成形体を得た。
ポリオキシプロピレングリコール サンニックスPP1000(三洋化成工業株式会社製)50gに、ポリイソシアネート硬化剤としてジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート ミリオネートMTL(東ソー株式会社製)を14g加え、NCO/OH当量比が1となるように配合した。更に、重合触媒としてジオクチル錫ジラウレート ネオスタンU810(日東化成株式会社性)0.03gを加え撹拌し、ウレタン樹脂組成物を調整した。これを任意の型に入れ、100℃で30時間加熱し、リグニン骨格を含まないウレタン樹脂成形体を得た。
ノナンジオールジアクリレートFA129AS (日立化成株式会社製) 50gに熱重合触媒としてパーブチルO(日本油脂株式会社製)を3phr加え撹拌した。この混合物を任意の型に入れ、100℃で16時間加熱し、リグニン骨格を含まないアクリル樹脂成形体を得た。
フェノールノボラックTD-2131 (DIC株式会社製) 50gをテトラヒドラフラン400mlに溶解し、アミン系硬化剤としてヘキサメチレンテトラミン(和光純薬工業株式会社製)を15g加え撹拌した。この混合溶液をエバポレーション、真空乾燥により溶媒を留去、乾固し、フェノール樹脂と硬化剤の混合物を得た。これを任意の型に入れ、120℃で5時間、150℃で3時間加熱し、リグニン骨格を含まないフェノール樹脂成形体を得た。
Claims (15)
- 前記フェノール化リグニンが、前記一般式(I)中、R1、R2の少なくとも一つが水酸基であるフェノール含有モノマーを、前記フェノール化リグニンにおけるフェノール含有モノマーの全モル量を100%とした場合に、モル分率で30%以上含む、請求項1に記載のリグニン骨格含有樹脂組成物。
- フェノール化リグニンが、前記一般式(I)中、R6が、OCH3であるシリンギル型骨格を備えるフェノール含有モノマーを、前記フェノール化リグニンにおけるフェノール含有モノマーの全モル量を100%とした場合に、モル分率で40%以上含む、請求項1または2に記載のリグニン骨格含有樹脂組成物。
- 前記反応性モノマー基を含む前記フェノール化リグニンの誘導体を主剤として含み、当該誘導体が、
(a)前記フェノール化リグニンにエポキシ基を含む化合物を結合した、エポキシ化リグニンである、または
(b)前記フェノール化リグニンにアクリル基もしくはメタクリル基を含む化合物を結合した、アクリル化リグニンである、
請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のリグニン骨格含有樹脂組成物。 - 前記フェノール化リグニンを主剤として含み、
(c)イソシアネート化合物、または
(d)アルデヒド化合物
を硬化剤として含む、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のリグニン骨格含有樹脂組成物。 - 樹脂主剤の全質量を100%とした場合に、前記フェノール化リグニンまたは反応性モノマー基を含むその誘導体の質量比率が50%以上である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 樹脂主剤の全質量を100%とした場合に、前記フェノール化リグニンまたは反応性モノマー基を含むその誘導体の質量比率が70%以上である、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記フェノール化リグニンまたは反応性モノマー基を含むその誘導体以外の樹脂主剤を含まない、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 触媒をさらに含む、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物を成形してなる樹脂成形体。
- 金属材料及び/またはセラミック材料を含む部材を、請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物により封止したモールド成形体。
- 前記モールド成形体が、半導体装置である、請求項11に記載のモールド成形体。
- 前記モールド成形体が、モールド変圧器である、請求項11に記載のモールド成形体。
- 前記モールド成形体が、開閉装置である、請求項11に記載のモールド成形体。
- 請求項11に記載のモールド成形体に含まれる金属材料及び/またはセラミック材料のリサイクル方法であって、前記モールド成形体を、アルカリ溶液中で、120~150℃で処理する工程を含むリサイクル方法。
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| CN113223814B (zh) * | 2021-05-07 | 2023-03-24 | 浙江江山变压器股份有限公司 | 一种采用聚氨酯树脂浇注成型的干式变压器及其加工方法 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2020098920A (ja) | 2020-06-25 |
| US20250109258A1 (en) | 2025-04-03 |
| US12305005B2 (en) | 2025-05-20 |
| JP6923142B2 (ja) | 2021-08-18 |
| JPWO2017183611A1 (ja) | 2018-12-20 |
| JP6656360B2 (ja) | 2020-03-04 |
| DE112017000191T5 (de) | 2018-08-02 |
| US20180273694A1 (en) | 2018-09-27 |
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