WO2017149968A1 - Elevator brake device - Google Patents

Abstract

An elevator brake device is provided with: a movable section 14 capable of being displaced in the direction perpendicular to a guide rail 5 which serves as a braking surface; a pivoting sliding section 16 provided so as to be capable of pivoting relative to the movable section 14 and coming in contact with the braking surface when caused to pivot; a motor 20 for causing the pivoting sliding section 16 to pivot; and an electromagnet 21 and a pressing spring 22, which, when electric power is shut off, displace the pivoting sliding section 16 in the direction in which the pivoting sliding section 16 comes in contact with the braking surface. In normal operation, the motor 20 causes the pivoting sliding section 16 to pivot to bring the pivoting sliding section 16 and the braking surface into contact with each other, and consequently the braking surface is held, and in an emergency, the power source of the electric magnet 21 is shut off to bring the pivoting sliding section 16 into contact with the braking surface, thereby braking the braking surface.

Description

Elevator braking device

The present invention relates to an elevator braking device, and more particularly to an elevator braking device that holds and brakes an elevator car.

In a general elevator, a car arranged in a hoistway is driven up and down in a vertical direction by a driving device. Further, when the car stops, the car is held at the stop position by the braking device. In addition, even when an abnormality is detected while the car is running and the car is emergency stopped, the car is decelerated and stopped by braking by the braking device.

For example, Patent Document 1 describes a brake device that brakes and holds an elevator car. The brake device described in Patent Document 1 includes a mount configured to be displaceable with respect to the guide rail and an eccentric mount. The mount and the eccentric mount are provided with a brake lining. When stopping at normal floors, the brake force is obtained by tightening the guide rails with these brake linings. At the time of an emergency stop, the eccentric mount is rotated by releasing the tightening of the guide rail by the electromagnetic actuator. Thereby, a strong frictional force is generated between the eccentric mount and the guide rail, and the car is stopped.

JP 2008-143706 A

In the brake device disclosed in Patent Document 1, the car needs to be moved in order to rotate the eccentric mount during an emergency stop. Therefore, when the car is held at the stop position on each floor, the car will sink, so it cannot be used for holding the car.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide an elevator braking device capable of not only braking a car but also holding the car.

The present invention provides a movable portion that is displaceable in a direction perpendicular to a target braking surface, and a rotation angle that is set in advance from a reference angle that is provided so as to be rotatable with respect to the movable portion. A rotating sliding portion disposed so as to come into contact with the braking surface when rotated, a first driving portion for rotating the rotating sliding portion with respect to the movable portion, and the rotation A first urging force is generated to displace the movable part in a direction in which the moving sliding part comes into contact with the braking surface, and the rotating sliding part is opposed to the first urging force when the power is energized. A second driving portion that exerts a force that does not displace the movable portion in a direction in contact with the second driving portion, and the rotating sliding portion in the reference angle state on the braking surface when power is supplied to the second driving portion. An elevator comprising: a position adjusting unit that generates a second urging force that holds the movable unit at a position that does not contact. It is another braking device.

According to the present invention, the rotating sliding portion is directly rotated by the first driving portion, so that a high braking force due to the self-boosting action can be obtained even when the car is not moved, and the power is cut off. By providing the operable second drive unit, it is possible to realize an elevator braking device capable of holding the car as well as braking when the car is running.

1 is a configuration diagram illustrating a configuration of an entire elevator system including an elevator braking device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the brake device which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the state which rotated the rotation sliding part which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention to the upper direction. It is a block diagram which shows the state which interrupted | blocked the electromagnet which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the state of the brake device which implemented the emergency operation which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the whole elevator system containing the elevator braking device which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the brake device which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the brake device which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the state which rotated the 1st rotation sliding part which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention to the upper direction, and rotated the 2nd rotation sliding part to the downward direction. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the brake device which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the state which rotated the rotation sliding part which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention to upper direction.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing the overall configuration of an elevator system provided with an elevator braking device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Hereinafter, the elevator braking device is referred to as a brake device 8.

Referring to FIG. 1, an elevator car 1 is arranged in a hoistway. A hoisting machine 2 is provided at the upper part of the hoistway. A rope 3 is wound around the sheave provided in the hoisting machine 2. A car 1 is attached to one end of the rope 3, and a counterweight 4 is attached to the other end of the rope 3. The car 1 and the counterweight 4 are suspended by a rope 3 in a slidable manner. The car 1 is driven up and down in the vertical direction by a motor provided in the hoisting machine 2. In the hoistway, a pair of guide rails 5 for guiding the raising and lowering of the car 1 are installed. The guide rail 5 extends in the raising / lowering direction of the car 1. In the present embodiment, the guide rail 5 constitutes a target braking surface. That is, the cage 1 is held and braked by holding the guide rail 5 with the brake device 8.

The elevator 1 is controlled by the elevator control device 6. The elevator control device 6 is provided with a braking command unit 7. The braking command unit 7 outputs a holding command for holding the car 1 stationary when the car 1 stops at each floor and a braking command for braking the car 1 when an abnormality occurs in the elevator.

The car 1 is equipped with a pair of brake devices 8. The brake device 8 is an elevator braking device that holds and brakes the car 1 by gripping the guide rail 5. Each brake device 8 is controlled by a brake control device 9. The brake control device 9 operates the brake device 8 in response to a holding command or a braking command from the braking command unit 7. The brake control device 9 is provided with a control unit 10 that controls the operation of the brake device 8 and a load detection unit 11 that detects the load of the car 1.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing the configuration of the brake device 8 of FIG. Although FIG. 2 is not a cross-sectional view but a side view, different members are colored or hatched for easy understanding of the drawing. The same applies to FIGS. 3 to 5 described later. In FIG. 2, the up-and-down direction of the car 1 is called “Y-axis direction”, and directions perpendicular to the Y-axis direction are called “X-axis direction” and “Z-axis direction”. The “X-axis direction” is the left-right direction of the paper surface, and the “Z-axis direction” is the depth direction of the paper surface. The same applies to FIGS. 3 to 5 described later.

2, the mounting frame 12 is attached to the side surface of the car 1. The attachment frame 12 has a rectangular frame shape. A guide rod 13 is attached inside the attachment frame 12. The position where the guide rod 13 is attached is a position below the center in the attachment frame 12. The guide rod 13 has a rod shape and extends in the X-axis direction.

A movable portion 14 is provided inside the mounting frame 12. One or more protrusions are provided in the lower portion of the movable portion 14. The guide rod 13 passes through the protrusion of the movable portion 14. Accordingly, the movable portion 14 can slide with respect to the mounting frame 12 along the guide rod 13. That is, the movable part 14 can be displaced in the X-axis direction. Thereby, the movable part 14 is displaced in the vertical direction, that is, the X-axis direction with respect to the car 1 and the guide rail 5.

The receiving part sliding part 15 and the rotation sliding part 16 are attached to the movable part 14. The receiving side sliding portion 15 and the rotating sliding portion 16 are opposed to each other with the guide rail 5 interposed therebetween in the X-axis direction. That is, the guide rail 5 is disposed between the receiving side sliding portion 15 and the rotation sliding portion 16. The receiving side sliding portion 15 and the rotating sliding portion 16 are displaced in the X-axis direction together with the movable portion 14. And the receiving side sliding part 15 and the rotation sliding part 16 can contact | separate with respect to the guide rail 5 according to the displacement of the movable part 14 with respect to the attachment frame 12, respectively.

The receiving-side sliding portion 15 has a braking shoe 17 attached to the surface in contact with the guide rail 5. An upper braking shoe 18 and a lower braking shoe 19 are attached to the rotational sliding portion 16.

The receiving side sliding part 15 is fixed to the movable part 14. The receiving side sliding portion 15 may be formed of a member different from the movable portion 14, but the receiving side sliding portion 15 may be integrally formed with the movable portion 14.

On the other hand, the rotation sliding part 16 is attached to the movable part 14 so as to be rotatable. The structure will be described below.

The rotation sliding part 16 is attached to the movable part 14 via the motor 20. The motor 20 is a first drive unit. The rotation axis of the motor 20 is disposed in the Z-axis direction and is attached to the movable portion 14 and the rotary sliding portion 16. The rotation sliding part 16 can be rotated in both the upper and lower directions around the rotation axis of the motor 20. By energizing the motor 20, rotational torque that rotates the rotational sliding portion 16 is generated. On the other hand, when the power of the motor 20 is cut off, the rotational torque disappears and the rotational sliding portion 16 becomes free to rotate.

The outer peripheral part of the rotating sliding part 16 is roughly divided into three sides. One of the sides is a curve, and the other two sides are straight lines. The curved outer peripheral portion of the rotational sliding portion 16 is disposed on the guide rail 5 side. The curved outer peripheral portion of the rotational sliding portion 16 constitutes a contact surface with which the guide rail 5 can come into contact. The contact surface is formed so that the radius of curvature from the rotation axis increases as the rotation angle increases in the vertical direction from the central contact surface at the reference horizontal angle. The upper brake shoe 18 is disposed at the upper end of the contact surface, and the lower brake shoe 19 is disposed at the lower end of the contact surface.

Also, a second drive unit is provided inside the mounting frame 12. For example, the second drive unit includes an electromagnet 21 and an urging spring 22. A protrusion is provided at the lower part of the electromagnet 21. A guide rod 13 passes through the electromagnet 21. The electromagnet 21 is slidable with respect to the mounting frame 12 along the guide rod 13. The urging spring 22 is installed between the movable portion 14 and the electromagnet 21 and gives a force for separating the movable portion 14 and the electromagnet 21. The electromagnet 21 attracts the movable portion 14 against the urging force of the urging spring 22 by an electromagnetic force by passing an electric current. On the other hand, when the power supply to the electromagnet 21 is stopped and the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet 21 is stopped, the electromagnet 21 moves in a direction away from the movable portion 14 by the biasing force of the biasing spring 22.

In the present embodiment, the configuration of the movable portion 14, the electromagnet 21, and the biasing spring 22 is described as an example. However, the configuration is not limited thereto, and the configuration of the movable portion 14, the split movable portion, and the biasing spring 22 is described. It is good. In the present embodiment, the electromagnet 21 corresponds to a split movable part. The split movable portion is provided so as to be connectable and separable to the movable portion 14, and the movable portion 14 and the split movable portion are separated by the biasing force of the bias spring 22. In such a configuration, the electromagnet is not necessarily provided in the split movable part, and the electromagnet may be provided in the movable part 14. When the electromagnet is energized, the divided movable part is attracted toward the movable part 14 against the urging force of the urging spring 22 by electromagnetic force.

A position adjustment spring 23 is disposed between the electromagnet 21 and the mounting frame 12 as a position adjustment unit for maintaining the position of the movable unit 14 in the brake release state. Since the attachment frame 12 is attached to the side surface of the car 1, the position adjustment spring 23 becomes a force acting between the electromagnet 21 and the car 1. Therefore, the position adjustment spring 23 may be directly disposed between the electromagnet 21 and the car 1. The position adjustment spring 23 is designed to have a sufficiently small urging force with respect to the urging spring 22. Here, the position adjusting spring 23 is used as the position adjusting unit. However, the position adjusting spring 23 is not limited to this, and a mechanism capable of obtaining a restoring force such as rubber may be used. Here, the position adjustment spring 23 is disposed between the mounting frame 12 and the electromagnet 21, but may be disposed between the mounting frame 12 and the movable portion 14.

A positioning mechanism (see reference numerals 24 and 25) for positioning the electromagnet 21 is attached to the mounting frame 12. The positioning mechanism is disposed between the electromagnet 21 and the mounting frame 12. When the electromagnet 21 is separated from the movable portion 14 by the biasing force of the biasing spring 22, the positioning mechanism adjusts the position of the electromagnet 21 in the X-axis direction with respect to the mounting frame 12. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the positioning mechanism includes a position adjusting bolt 24 and a plate 25. The plate 25 is disposed inside the mounting frame 12. The plate 25 has a flat plate shape. One main surface of the plate 25 faces the electromagnet 21. The plate 25 is fixed to the mounting frame 12 by position adjusting bolts 24. When the electromagnet 21 moves away from the movable portion 14, the electromagnet 21 comes into contact with the plate 25 and stops. In addition, by attaching a cushioning material such as rubber to the main surface of the plate 25 on the electromagnet 21 side, impact when the electromagnet 21 collides with the plate 25 can be reduced.

Hereinafter, the operation of the brake device 8 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. The operation of the brake device 8 includes a normal operation in which the car 1 stopped at each floor is held stationary and an emergency operation in which the car 1 is braked when an abnormality occurs in the elevator.

First, the normal operation of the brake device 8 will be described. During the normal operation, the car 1 is stopped at the stop position on each floor by the hoist 2 under the control of the elevator control device 6. Thereafter, a holding command for holding the car 1 is output from the braking command unit 7 of the elevator control device 6 to the control unit 10 of the brake control device 9. When the control unit 10 receives the holding command, the control unit 10 acquires the load size of the car 1 from the load detection unit 11. Next, the control unit 10 energizes the motor 20 in accordance with the load of the car 1 to generate a rotational torque in the rotational sliding unit 16, and the rotational sliding unit 16 is moved upward or downward. Turn to.

As the load detector 11, the load in the car 1 may be measured with a device such as a scale device, or the motor torque required to hold the car 1 stationary by the motor of the hoisting machine 2 is determined from the motor current. The load of the car 1 may be estimated from the weight of the counterweight 4.

Here, the movement of the normal operation of the brake device 8 of the first embodiment will be described by taking as an example a case where the load of the car 1 is larger than the load due to the counterweight 4.

FIG. 3 shows the brake device 8 when the rotating sliding portion 16 is rotated upward by the motor 20. When the load of the car 1 detected by the load detector 11 is larger than the load of the counterweight 4, that is, when the car 1 is lowered in the absence of motor torque by the hoisting machine 2. The control unit 10 issues a command to the motor 20 to rotate the rotation sliding unit 16 upward. The “upward direction” here means the direction of the arrow in FIG. That is, it means a clockwise direction around the rotation axis of the motor 20. Here, the case where the car 1 is lowered downward is described as an example, but conversely, when the car 1 is raised upward, the control unit 10 lowers the rotary sliding part 16. The motor 20 is commanded to rotate in the direction. That is, in that case, the rotation sliding portion 16 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction around the rotation axis of the motor 20.

As the rotational sliding portion 16 is rotated upward, the gap between the rotational sliding portion 16 and the guide rail 5 is reduced due to the shape of the rotational sliding portion 16 described above. The rotational sliding part 16 contacts the guide rail 5. Thereafter, when the rotation sliding portion 16 further rotates, the movable portion 14 is displaced in the direction in which the receiving side sliding portion 15 approaches the guide rail 5. When the brake shoe 17 comes into contact with the guide rail 5, the guide rail 5 is gripped between the brake shoe 17 and the lower brake shoe 19.

When the guide rail 5 is gripped, the control unit 10 stops the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet 21. FIG. 4 shows the brake device 8 when the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet 21 is stopped after the guide rail 5 is gripped. When the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet 21 disappears, the electromagnet 21 is displaced in the direction away from the movable portion 14 by the urging force of the urging spring 22, as shown by the arrow in FIG. After gripping the guide rail 5, energy consumption can be suppressed by stopping the electromagnet 21.

After holding the guide rail 5, the motor torque of the hoisting machine 2 is stopped. When the motor torque is stopped, a load having a value obtained by subtracting the load due to the counterweight 4 from the load due to the car 1 acts downward on the car 1. This load causes a torque to further rotate the rotary sliding portion 16. The self-boosting action works due to the torque resulting from the difference between the car 1 and the load of the counterweight 4, and the braking force acting on the guide rail 5 increases. Therefore, the torque applied by the motor 20 can be reduced, and a high braking force can be generated even with a small and light motor.

Finally, when the motor torque of the hoisting machine 2 is stopped, since the stationary holding of the car 1 is completed, the elevator control device 6 opens the car door of the car 1. Thereby, passengers get on and off. Since the load on the car 1 changes as passengers get on and off, the sign of the difference between the load on the car 1 and the load on the counterweight 4 may be reversed. When the load of the counterweight 4 becomes larger than the load of the car 1, the car 1 tends to move upward. Accordingly, due to the difference between the load on the car 1 and the load on the counterweight 4, the torque acting on the rotating sliding portion 16 works in the direction of rotating the rotating sliding portion 16 downward. The control unit 10 monitors the load information of the car 1 detected from the load detection unit 11 during the passenger getting on and off, the load of the car 1 fluctuates, and the difference between the load of the car 1 and the load of the counterweight 4 is calculated. When the acting direction is reversed, the torque of the motor 20 is reversed, and the rotation sliding portion 16 is rotated to the opposite side. While the passenger is getting on and off, the load detection unit 11 may measure the load in the car 1 with a device such as a scale device, or the load of the car 1 and the load of the counterweight 4 using the encoder of the hoist 2. You may make it detect the direction where the difference of this acts.

When the passenger boarding / exiting is completed, the elevator control device 6 closes the car door of the car 1 and opens the brake device 8. First, the elevator control device 6 causes the hoisting machine 2 to output a motor torque necessary for holding the car 1 stationary before the brake device 8 is released. Next, a command is issued to the brake control device 9 to release the brake device 8. In response to the instruction, the brake control device 9 energizes the electromagnet 21 and causes the electromagnet 21 to be attracted to the movable portion 14 by the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet 21. The magnitude of the electromagnetic force necessary for attracting the electromagnet 21 to the movable portion 14 varies depending on the gap between the electromagnet 21 and the movable portion 14 when the brake device 8 is operated. The gap between the electromagnet 21 and the movable portion 14 in a state where the brake device 8 is operated can be adjusted by the position adjusting bolt 24 of the positioning mechanism, and the electromagnet 21 is attracted by adjusting this gap to be small. Therefore, the electromagnet 21 can be made small.

After the electromagnet 21 is attracted to the movable portion 14 by the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet 21, the brake control device 9 returns the rotating sliding portion 16 to the initial horizontal angle by the motor torque of the motor 20. That is, the rotation slide part 16 is rotated so that the center contact surface of the rotation slide part 16 is at a position facing the guide rail 5 so as to be in the state shown in FIG. As the angle of the rotary sliding part 16 returns to the horizontal, the movable part 14 returns to the initial position by the position adjusting spring 23. As a result, the receiving side sliding portion 15 is displaced in a direction away from the guide rail 5, the braking shoe 17 is separated from the guide rail 5, and the gripping of the guide rail 5 is released.

The above is the normal operation of the brake device 8 of the first embodiment.

Next, the emergency operation of the brake device 8 will be described. Here, a case where some abnormality occurs while the car 1 is descending and the emergency operation of the brake device 8 is performed will be described as an example. FIG. 5 shows the brake device 8 when an emergency operation is performed while the car 1 is descending.

When any abnormality occurs in the elevator, the braking command unit 7 outputs a braking command to the control unit 10. This is the state of FIG. When receiving the braking command, the control unit 10 cuts off the current of the electromagnet 21 and stops the electromagnetic force. When the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet 21 is interrupted, the movable portion 14 and the electromagnet 21 are separated by the biasing spring 22, the electromagnet 21 contacts the plate 25, and the rotational sliding portion 16 contacts the guide rail 5. To do. At the time of contact, the rotating sliding portion 16 has not yet rotated and is in an initial horizontal angle state.

When the current of the electromagnet 21 is interrupted, the movable portion 14 and the electromagnet 21 need to be separated from each other, and the rotational sliding portion 16 needs to contact the guide rail 5. Therefore, the urging force of the position adjustment spring 23 when the electromagnet 21 is in contact with the positioning mechanism plate 25 and stopped stops the current of the electromagnet 21, and the rotational sliding portion 16 contacts the guide rail 5. In this state, it is set to be smaller than the urging force by the urging spring 22 that acts between the movable portion 14 and the electromagnet 21.

Thus, when the rotating sliding portion 16 comes into contact with the guide rail 5 while the car 1 is descending, the rotating sliding portion 16 is pulled by the frictional force with the guide rail 5 along with the movement of the car 1. Can be rotated. That is, it is rotated clockwise. As the pivot sliding portion 16 pivots upward, the movable portion 14 is displaced in the X-axis direction in a direction in which the receiving side sliding portion 15 approaches the guide rail 5. When the brake shoe 17 comes into contact with the guide rail 5, the guide rail 5 is gripped between the brake shoe 17 and the lower brake shoe 19. As a result, a braking force is applied to the car 1 and the car 1 is decelerated to a stationary state.

When the car slide 1 comes into contact with the guide rail 5 while the car 1 is raised, the car slide 1 is rotated downward, that is, counterclockwise as the car 1 moves. .

Even during an emergency operation, a self-boosting action is exerted by the torque for turning the turning sliding portion 16 generated by the movement of the car 1, and a high braking force can be generated for the car 1.

In this way, by having the motor 20 as the first drive unit that can directly operate the rotational sliding portion 16 for normal operation, even when the car 1 does not move during normal operation, the self-boosting effect can be obtained. High braking power can be realized. That is, a high braking force can be realized while preventing the car 1 stopped on each floor from sinking. In addition to the first drive unit, the second drive unit (the electromagnet 21 and the biasing spring 22) that can operate the brake device 8 by shutting off the power supply ensures reliable operation even when an abnormality occurs in the elevator. Then, the car 1 can be braked. Further, in both the upper and lower directions, by using the rotating sliding portion 16 whose radius of curvature from the rotation axis increases with an increase in the rotation angle, high control due to self-boosting action is obtained in either of the upper and lower directions. Since power is obtained, the size of the brake device 8 can be reduced.

Further, since the gap between the movable part 14 and the electromagnet 21 during operation of the brake device 8 can be adjusted by the positioning mechanism, the electromagnet 21 can be made small and the brake device 8 can be downsized.

Further, the load detecting unit 11 detects the load of the car 1 and changes the rotation direction of the rotating sliding unit 16 according to the detected load, thereby preventing the car 1 from sinking when the passenger gets in. be able to.

As described above, the elevator braking device according to the present embodiment is movable with respect to the guide rail 5 serving as a target braking surface, and is movable with respect to the movable portion 14 in a vertical direction. A rotating sliding portion 16 disposed so as to come into contact with the braking surface when rotated by a preset rotation angle from a reference horizontal angle and a rotating sliding portion 16 are provided. The motor 20 as the first driving unit to be rotated and the movable part 14 are displaced so that the rotating sliding unit 16 is displaced in a direction in contact with the braking surface when the power is cut off. An electromagnet 21 and a biasing spring 22 are provided as a second drive unit that holds the movable unit 14 so that the rotational sliding unit 16 is not in contact with the braking surface. The elevator braking device according to the present embodiment causes the rotary sliding portion 16 and the braking surface to come into contact with each other by rotating the rotary sliding portion 16 by the first drive unit during normal operation. Hold the braking surface. In an emergency, the electromagnet 21 of the second drive unit is turned off to bring the rotary sliding unit 16 into contact with the braking surface, thereby braking the braking surface. As a result, during normal times, self-boosting action can be obtained without moving the car 1, and braking can be reliably obtained even during abnormal conditions.

In addition, the rotational sliding portion 16 is configured so that the radius of curvature increases in both directions from the horizontal angle as the rotation angle increases from the horizontal angle. It is possible to make contact with the braking surface when it is rotated by a preset rotation angle, and not in contact with the braking surface in a horizontal angle state.

Further, the first drive unit is configured to generate a rotational torque that rotates the rotational sliding unit 16 when energized, and to disappear when the power is shut off. Further, the second drive unit includes an urging spring 22 that displaces the movable unit 14 in a direction in which the rotational sliding unit 16 contacts the braking surface by an urging force, and an urging force of the urging spring 22 by energization. And an electromagnet 21 that attracts the movable portion 14. As a result, braking can be reliably obtained by shutting off the power supply when an abnormality occurs.

Moreover, as a positioning mechanism for holding the position of the electromagnet 21 when the power of the electromagnet 21 is shut off, and a position adjusting spring 23 as a position adjusting section that holds the position of the movable portion by the urging force when the power of the second drive unit is shut off. The position adjusting bolt 24 and the plate 25 are further provided. Further, the biasing force of the position adjusting spring 23 that is the position adjusting unit is smaller than the biasing force of the biasing spring 22. Thereby, since a clearance gap can be produced | generated between a braking surface and the rotation sliding part 16 at the time of brake cancellation | release by a position adjustment part, drag operation can be avoided. Moreover, since the electromagnetic force required for the electromagnet 21 can be suppressed by the position adjusting unit, the electromagnet 21 can be reduced in size.

A load detection unit 11 that detects the load of the car 1 is further provided, and the first driving unit controls the rotation of the rotation sliding unit 16 according to the load of the car 1 detected by the load detection unit 11. . As a result, the moving direction of the car 1 due to the unbalance torque that changes according to the load in the car 1 can be detected, and the turning sliding portion 16 can be turned in an appropriate direction. In addition, a self-boosting action can always be obtained.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
In the first embodiment, the case where the elevator braking device is arranged in the car 1 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the elevator braking device is arranged in the hoisting machine 2 as shown in FIG. May be.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of the entire elevator system provided with the elevator braking device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the elevator braking device is arranged in the hoisting machine 2, and this point is different from the above-described first embodiment. The same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those described above, or denoted by “a” after the same symbols, and detailed description thereof is omitted here.

In FIG. 6, in the hoisting machine 2, a brake drum 26 (see FIG. 7) is installed on the shaft that couples the sheave and the motor. The brake drum is a member generally used in the hoisting machine 2. In the present embodiment, a pair of brake devices 8 a are mounted on the hoisting machine 2. The brake device 8 a is an elevator braking device that uses the brake drum 26 to hold and brake the car 1. That is, in the present embodiment, the brake drum 26 constitutes a target braking surface. That is, the car 1 is held and braked by holding the brake drum 26 with the brake device 8a.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the brake device 8a of FIG. Although FIG. 7 is not a cross-sectional view but a side view, different members are colored or hatched for easy understanding of the drawing. In FIG. 7, the ascending / descending direction of the car 1 is referred to as “Y-axis direction”, and the directions perpendicular to the Y-axis direction are referred to as “X-axis direction” and “Z-axis direction”. The “X-axis direction” is the left-right direction of the paper surface, and the “Z-axis direction” is the depth direction of the paper surface. Although the attachment frame 12 is not shown in FIG. 7, the attachment frame 12 is actually provided in the present embodiment as in the first embodiment.

In FIG. 7, the guide rod 13a is disposed perpendicular to the brake drum 26, which is the braking surface. That is, the braking surface of the brake drum 26 is disposed in the Y-axis direction, and the guide rod 13a is disposed in the X-axis direction. A protrusion is provided below the movable portion 14a. A guide rod 13a is provided through the protrusion of the movable portion 14a. Thereby, the movable part 14a can slide in the X-axis direction along the guide rod 13a. That is, the movable portion 14a can be displaced with respect to the brake drum 26 in the vertical direction, that is, in the X-axis direction.

Rotating sliding part 16a is provided in movable part 14a. The rotational sliding portion 16a is displaced in the X-axis direction in accordance with the displacement of the movable portion 14a, and can contact and separate from the brake drum 26.

The upper sliding shoe 18a and the lower braking shoe 19a are attached to the rotating sliding portion 16a. The shape of the rotational sliding part 16a is the same as that of the rotational sliding part 16 shown in the first embodiment.

Rotating sliding portion 16a is attached to movable portion 14a via motor 20a. The motor 20a is a first drive unit. The rotating shaft of the motor 20a is attached to the movable part 14 and the rotational sliding part 16a. The rotation axis of the motor 20a is arranged in the Z-axis direction. A rotation sliding portion 16a is attached to the rotation shaft of the motor 20a. The rotation sliding part 16a can be rotated in both the upper and lower directions around the rotation axis of the motor 20a. When the motor 20a is energized, a rotational torque that rotates the rotational sliding portion 16a is generated. On the other hand, when the power is shut off, the rotational torque disappears and the rotational sliding portion 16a becomes freely rotatable.

The outer peripheral portion of the rotating sliding portion 16a on the brake drum 26 side constitutes a contact surface with which the brake drum 26 can contact. The contact surface is formed such that the radius of curvature from the rotation axis increases as the rotation angle from the central contact surface in each direction increases. The upper brake shoe 18a is disposed at one end of the contact surface, and the lower brake shoe 19a is disposed at the other end of the contact surface.

Also, an electromagnet 21a and an urging spring 22a are provided as the second drive unit. A protrusion is provided below the electromagnet 21a. A guide rod 13a passes through the protrusion of the electromagnet 21a. The electromagnet 21a is slidable in the X-axis direction with respect to the mounting frame 12 along the guide rod 13a. The biasing spring 22a is installed between the movable part 14a and the electromagnet 21a, and gives a force for separating the movable part 14a and the electromagnet 21a. The electromagnet 21a attracts the movable portion 14a against the urging force of the urging spring 22a by an electromagnetic force by passing an electric current. On the other hand, when the power supply to the electromagnet 21 is stopped and the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet 21 is stopped, the electromagnet 21 moves in a direction away from the movable portion 14 by the biasing force of the biasing spring 22. Note that rubber may be used instead of the biasing spring 22a.

Hereinafter, the operation of the brake device 8a according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. First, the normal operation of the brake device 8a will be described. After the car 1 is stopped at the stop position on each floor by the hoisting machine 2, a holding command is output from the braking command unit 7 of the elevator control device 6 to the control unit 10 of the brake control device 9. When receiving the holding command, the control unit 10 acquires the load size of the car 1 from the load detection unit 11, energizes the motor 20 a according to the load of the car 1, and applies rotational torque to the rotating sliding unit 16 a. The rotation sliding part 16a is rotated. The rotational direction of the rotational sliding portion 16a at this time is opposite to the torque acting on the hoisting machine 2 due to the difference between the load due to the car 1 and the load due to the weight 4.

As the rotating sliding portion 16a is rotated, the gap between the rotating sliding portion 16a and the brake drum 26 is reduced, and the upper braking shoe 18a or the lower braking attached to the rotating sliding portion 16a. The shoe 19a contacts the brake drum 26. At this time, which of the upper brake shoe 18a and the lower brake shoe 19a comes into contact with the brake drum 26 is determined by the rotational direction of the rotary sliding portion 16a. When the upper brake shoe 18a or the lower brake shoe 19a contacts the brake drum 26, a braking force is generated and the brake drum 26 is held.

When the brake drum 26 is held, the elevator control device 6 stops the motor torque of the hoisting machine 2. When the motor torque is stopped, a load obtained by subtracting the load of the counterweight 4 from the load of the car 1 acts on the hoisting machine 2. This load causes a torque to further rotate the rotary sliding portion 16. Due to the torque resulting from the difference between the load on the car 1 and the load on the counterweight 4, the self-boosting action acts and the braking force acting on the brake drum 26 increases. Therefore, the torque applied by the motor 20 can be reduced, and a high braking force can be generated even with a small and light motor.

When the brake drum 26 is held, the control unit 10 stops the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet 21a. Energy consumption can be suppressed by stopping the electromagnet 21a.

When the motor torque of the hoisting machine 2 is stopped, the car 1 is kept stationary, so the car 1 opens the car door and passengers get on and off.

When the passenger gets on and off, the door of the car 1 is closed and the brake device 8 is opened. First, the elevator control device 6 causes the hoist 2 to output a motor torque necessary for holding the car 1 stationary before the brake device 8 is released. And the control part 10 of the brake control apparatus 9 makes the electromagnet 21a adsorb | suck to the movable part 14a with the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet 21a.

And the control part 10 of the brake control apparatus 9 returns the rotation sliding part 16a to the initial angle by the motor torque of the motor 20a. When the angle of the rotational sliding portion 16a returns, the upper brake shoe 18a or the lower brake shoe 19a is released from the brake drum 26 and the holding of the brake drum 26 is released.

Next, the emergency operation of the brake device 8 will be described. If any abnormality occurs in the elevator while the car 1 is traveling, the braking command unit 7 outputs a braking command to the control unit 10. When receiving the braking command, the control unit 10 cuts off the current of the electromagnet 21a and stops the electromagnetic force. When the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet 21a is interrupted, the movable portion 14a and the electromagnet 21a are separated by the biasing spring 22a, and the rotational sliding portion 16a contacts the brake drum 26.

When the car 1 is traveling and the rotating sliding part 16 a comes into contact with the brake drum 26, the rotating sliding part 16 a is rotated by the frictional force with the brake drum 26 as the car 1 moves. Along with the rotation of the rotation sliding portion 16a, the movable portion 14a is displaced in a direction approaching the electromagnet 21a. When the brake drum 26 comes into contact with the upper brake shoe 18a or the lower brake shoe 19a, the brake drum 26 is braked by the upper brake shoe 18a or the lower brake shoe 19a. As a result, a braking force acts on the car 1 and the car 1 is decelerated to a stationary state.

Even during an emergency operation, a self-boosting action is exerted by the torque for rotating the rotating sliding portion 16a generated by the movement of the car 1, and a high braking force can be generated for the car 1.

As described above, even when the elevator braking device is arranged in the hoisting machine 2, a high braking force due to the self-boosting action can be realized even when the car 1 does not move during normal operation, and an abnormality has occurred in the elevator. Even in this case, the car 1 can be braked reliably.

As described above, the elevator braking device according to the present embodiment has a movable portion 14a that can be displaced in a vertical direction with respect to the brake drum 26 that serves as a target braking surface, and a pivot that rotates relative to the movable portion 14a. A rotating sliding portion 16a disposed so as to come into contact with the braking surface when rotated by a preset rotation angle from a reference horizontal angle and a rotating sliding portion 16a. The motor 20a serving as the first driving unit to be rotated and the movable part 14a are displaced so that the rotating sliding unit 16 is displaced in a direction in contact with the braking surface when the power is cut off. An electromagnet 21a and a biasing spring 22a are provided as a second drive unit that holds the movable unit 14a so that the rotational sliding unit 16a is not in contact with the braking surface. In the elevator braking device according to the present embodiment, during normal operation, the rotary sliding portion 16a and the braking surface are brought into contact with each other by rotating the rotary sliding portion 16a by the first drive unit. Hold the braking surface. In an emergency, the electromagnet 21a of the second drive unit is turned off to bring the rotary sliding unit 16a into contact with the braking surface, thereby braking the braking surface. As a result, during normal times, self-boosting action can be obtained without moving the car 1, and braking can be reliably obtained even during abnormal conditions.

Further, as in the first embodiment, the rotational sliding portion 16a is configured so that the radius of curvature increases in both directions from the horizontal angle as the rotation angle from the horizontal angle increases. In this case, it is possible to make contact with the braking surface when it is rotated from the reference horizontal angle by a preset rotation angle, and not to contact the braking surface in the state of the horizontal angle.

The motor 20a, which is the first drive unit, is configured to generate rotational torque that rotates the rotational sliding portion 16a when energized, and to disappear when the power is shut off. In addition, the second drive unit includes a biasing spring 22a that displaces the movable portion 14a in a direction in which the rotational sliding portion 16a contacts the braking surface by a biasing force, and a biasing force of the biasing spring 22a by energization. And an electromagnet 21a that attracts the movable portion 14a. As a result, braking can be reliably obtained by shutting off the power supply when an abnormality occurs.

Further, similarly to the first embodiment, a load detection unit 11 that detects the load of the car 1 is further provided, and the first driving unit rotates according to the load of the car 1 detected by the load detection unit 11. The rotation of the sliding portion 16 is controlled. As a result, the moving direction of the car 1 due to the unbalance torque that changes according to the load in the car 1 can be detected, and the turning sliding portion 16 can be turned in an appropriate direction. In addition, a self-boosting action can always be obtained.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
In the first embodiment, the case where one rotational sliding portion 16 is arranged on the movable portion 14 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and as shown in FIG. You may arrange | position the auxiliary | assistant rotation sliding part 28b which assists the rotation sliding part 16. FIG.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing a brake device 8b of an elevator braking device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, an auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b that assists the rotation sliding portion 16b is arranged on the movable portion 14b, and this point is the above-described first embodiment. And different. The same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those described above or denoted by “b” after the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted here.

In FIG. 8, the ascending / descending direction of the car 1 is referred to as “Y-axis direction”, and the directions perpendicular to the Y-axis direction are referred to as “X-axis direction” and “Z-axis direction”. The “X-axis direction” is the left-right direction of the paper surface, and the “Z-axis direction” is the depth direction of the paper surface.

In FIG. 8, a movable portion 14b is provided inside the mounting frame 12b. And the receiving side sliding part 15b, the rotational sliding part 16b, and the auxiliary | assistant rotational sliding part 28b are attached to the movable part 14b. Similar to the rotational sliding portion 16b, the auxiliary rotational sliding portion 28b faces the receiving side sliding portion 15b with the guide rail 5 interposed therebetween in the X-axis direction. That is, the guide rail 5 is disposed between the receiving side sliding portion 15b and the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b. The auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b, the receiving side sliding portion 15b, and the rotation sliding portion 16b are displaced in the X-axis direction together with the movable portion 14b. And the auxiliary | assistant rotation sliding part 28b, the receiving side sliding part 15b, and the rotation sliding part 16b can contact / separate with respect to the guide rail 5 according to the displacement of the movable part 14b with respect to the attachment frame 12b, respectively. ing.

The auxiliary rotation sliding part 28b is rotatably attached to the movable part 14b. The structure will be described below.

The upper brake shoe 29b and the lower brake shoe 30b are attached to the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b. The auxiliary rotation sliding part 28b is attached to the movable part 14b via a motor 31b. The motor 20b attached to the rotational sliding part 16b and the motor 31b attached to the auxiliary rotational sliding part 28b serve as the first drive part. The rotation shaft of the motor 31b is disposed in the Z-axis direction and is attached to the movable portion 14b and the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b. The auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b is rotatable in both the vertical direction around the rotation axis of the motor 31b. By energizing the motor 31b, a rotational torque for rotating the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b is generated. On the other hand, when the power of the motor 31b is cut off, the rotational torque disappears and the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b becomes freely rotatable.

The outer peripheral portion of the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b is roughly divided into three sides. One of the sides is a curve, and the other two sides are straight lines. The curved outer peripheral portion of the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b is disposed on the guide rail 5 side. The curved outer peripheral portion of the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b constitutes a contact surface with which the guide rail 5 can come into contact. The contact surface is formed such that the radius of curvature from the rotation axis increases as the rotation angle increases in the respective vertical directions from the central contact surface at the reference horizontal angle. The upper brake shoe 29b is disposed at the upper end of the contact surface, and the lower brake shoe 30b is disposed at the lower end of the contact surface.

Since the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b assists the function of the rotation sliding portion 16b, the outer shape of the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b is smaller than that of the rotation sliding portion 16b. The motor 31b for rotating the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b is attached to a motor that is smaller than the motor 20b for rotating the rotation sliding portion 16b.

Hereinafter, the operation of the brake device 8b according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described. First, the normal operation of the brake device 8b will be described. After the car 1 is stopped at the stop position on each floor by the hoisting machine 2, a holding command is output from the braking command unit 7 of the elevator control device 6 to the control unit 10 of the brake control device 9. When receiving the holding command, the control unit 10 acquires the load size of the car 1 from the load detection unit 11, energizes the motor 20b according to the load of the car 1, and applies rotational torque to the rotating sliding unit 16b. The rotation sliding part 16b is rotated upward or downward. At the same time, the control unit 10 energizes the motor 31b according to the load of the car 1, generates a rotational torque in the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b, and rotates the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b upward or downward. Let

At this time, the rotational direction of the rotational sliding portion 16b is opposite to the force acting on the car due to the difference between the load caused by the car 1 and the load caused by the weight 4. On the other hand, the rotation direction of the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b is the same direction as the force acting on the car due to the difference between the load by the car 1 and the load by the weight 4. That is, considering the case where the load of the car 1 is larger than the load due to the counterweight 4, a downward force acts on the car 1. In this case, the rotational direction of the rotational sliding part 16b is upward, and the rotational direction of the auxiliary rotational sliding part 28b is downward.

FIG. 9 shows the brake device 8b when the rotating sliding portion 16b is rotated upward. Here, the “upward direction” means a clockwise direction around the rotation axis of the motor 20b.

As the rotational sliding portion 16b is rotated, the gap between the rotational sliding portion 16b and the guide rail 5 is reduced, and the rotational sliding portion 16b comes into contact with the guide rail 5. Thereafter, when the rotational sliding portion 16b further rotates, the movable portion 14b is displaced in the direction in which the receiving side sliding portion 15b approaches the guide rail 5. When the brake shoe 17b comes into contact with the guide rail 5, the guide rail 5 is gripped between the brake shoe 17b and the upper brake shoe 18b or between the brake shoe 17b and the lower brake shoe 19b.

At this time, the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b is simultaneously rotated in the opposite direction to the rotation sliding portion 16b. As the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b is also rotated, the gap between the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b and the guide rail 5 is reduced, and the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b is also in contact with the guide rail 5. The auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b is rotated so as to maintain the contact with the guide rail 5 in accordance with the displacement of the movable portion 14b. For example, by rotating the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b with a rotation torque smaller than the rotation torque generated in the rotation sliding portion 16b, the contact with the guide rail 5 is prevented without disturbing the displacement of the movable portion 14b. Can be maintained. When the brake shoe 17 b comes into contact with the guide rail 5, the upper brake shoe 29 b or the lower brake shoe 30 b comes into contact with the guide rail 5.

After holding the guide rail 5, the generation of motor torque from the hoisting machine 2 is stopped. When the generation of the motor torque is stopped, the load due to the difference between the load of the car 1 and the load of the counterweight acts on the car 1. Due to this load, a torque acts to further rotate the rotation sliding portion 16b. A self-boosting action is exerted by the torque resulting from the difference between the load on the car 1 and the load on the counterweight, and the braking force acting on the guide rail 5 can be increased.

When the generation of motor torque from the hoisting machine 2 is stopped and the stationary holding of the car 1 is completed, the car 1 opens the car door and passengers get on and off. Since the load on the car 1 changes as passengers get on and off, the direction in which the difference between the load on the car 1 and the load on the counterweight 4 acts may be reversed. When the direction in which the difference between the load on the car 1 and the load on the counterweight 4 is reversed due to the passenger getting on and off, the difference between the load on the car 1 and the load on the counterweight acts on the rotating sliding portion 16b. Torque acts in a direction to reduce the braking force by the rotating sliding portion 16b. On the other hand, the torque acting on the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b due to the difference between the load of the inverted car 1 and the load of the counterweight acts in the direction of further rotating the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b. A self-boosting action acts on the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b, and the braking force acting on the guide rail 5 can be increased. Therefore, the control unit 10 monitors the load information of the car 1 detected from the load detection unit 11 while the passenger gets on and off, and the direction in which the difference between the load of the car 1 and the load of the counterweight 4 is reversed is reversed. In this case, the torque of the motor 31b is increased, and the braking force by the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b is increased. Since the auxiliary rotating sliding portion 28b is kept in contact with the guide rail 5 before the direction in which the difference between the load of the car 1 and the load of the counterweight 4 acts is reversed, the load of the car 1 A braking force for gripping the guide rail 5 can be generated immediately after the direction in which the difference with the load of the counterweight 4 acts is reversed. Thereby, even when the direction in which the difference between the load of the car 1 and the load of the counterweight 4 acts is reversed by the passenger getting on and off, a high braking force by the self-boosting action can be realized without the movement of the car 1. .

At this time, the rotating sliding portion 16b may maintain the contact state with the guide rail 5 and be prepared for a case where the direction in which the difference between the load of the car 1 and the load of the counterweight 4 acts again is reversed. Alternatively, the rotation direction may be reversed to generate a braking force in the same direction as that of the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b, thereby increasing the braking force acting on the guide rail 5.

When the passenger boarding / exiting is completed, the elevator control device 6 closes the door of the car 1 and opens the brake device 8b. First, the elevator control device 6 causes the hoisting machine 2 to output a motor torque necessary for holding the car 1 stationary before the brake device 8b is opened. And the control part 10 of the brake control apparatus 9 returns the rotation sliding part 16b to an initial angle with the motor torque of the motor 20b. At the same time, the control unit 10 also returns the auxiliary rotation sliding unit 28b to the initial angle by the motor torque of the motor 31b. When the angles of the rotating sliding portion 16b and the auxiliary rotating sliding portion 28b return, the rotating sliding portion 16b and the auxiliary rotating sliding portion 28b are separated from the guide rail 5 by the biasing force of the position adjusting spring 23b, and the guide rail 5 The grip of the rail 5 is released.

Next, the emergency operation of the brake device 8b will be described. If any abnormality occurs in the elevator while the car 1 is traveling, the braking command unit 7 outputs a braking command to the control unit 10. When receiving the control command, the control unit 10 cuts off the current of the electromagnet 21b and stops the electromagnetic force. When the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet 21b is interrupted, the movable portion 14b and the electromagnet 21b are separated by the biasing spring 22b, and the rotating sliding portion 16b and the auxiliary rotating sliding portion 28b come into contact with the guide rail 5.

While the car 1 is traveling, when the rotating sliding part 16b and the auxiliary rotating sliding part 28b come into contact with the guide rail 5, the rotating sliding part 16b and the auxiliary rotating sliding part 28b are moved along with the movement of the car 1. Is rotated by the frictional force with the guide rail 5. Along with the rotation of the rotation sliding portion 16b and the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b, the movable portion 14b is displaced in a direction in which the receiving side sliding portion 15b approaches the guide rail 5. When the brake shoe 17b comes into contact with the guide rail 5, the guide rail 5 is placed between the brake shoe 17b and the upper brake shoe 18b and the upper brake shoe 29b, or between the brake shoe 17b and the lower brake shoe 19b and the lower brake shoe 30b. Gripped between. As a result, a braking force acts on the car 1 and the car 1 is decelerated to a stationary state.

Even during an emergency stop, the self-boosting action is exerted by the torque for rotating the rotating sliding portion 16b and the auxiliary rotating sliding portion 28b generated by the movement of the car 1, and a high braking force is applied to the car 1. Can be generated.

In addition, although the case where the rotation sliding part 16b and the auxiliary | assistant rotation sliding part 28b contact the guide rail 5 simultaneously was demonstrated here, it is not necessarily limited to this but rather than the rotation sliding part 16b. The auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b may be disposed at a position away from the guide rail 5, and only the rotation sliding portion 16b may contact the guide rail 5 at the time of emergency stop. Conversely, only the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b may be arranged so as to contact the guide rail 5 at the time of emergency stop.

As described above, the elevator braking device according to the present embodiment includes the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b and rotates in the opposite direction to the rotation sliding portion 16b during normal operation, and guides the passenger during boarding. The contact state between the rail 5 and the upper braking shoe 29b or the lower braking shoe 30b is maintained. As a result, even if the direction in which the difference between the load on the car 1 and the load on the counterweight acts changes, the braking force is immediately applied to the guide rail 5 by the upper braking shoe 29b or the lower braking shoe 30b in contact. Can be made. Thereby, the movement of the car 1 can be prevented.

Similarly to the first embodiment, during normal operation, the motor 20b, which is the first drive unit, rotates the rotating sliding portion 16b to hold the braking surface. The self-boosting action can be obtained without the movement of 1.

By using the shape in which the radius of curvature from the rotation axis increases with an increase in the rotation angle in both the upper and lower directions, the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b also, like the rotation sliding portion 16b, Since a high braking force due to the self-boosting action can be obtained in either the vertical direction, the size of the brake device 8b can be reduced.

In the present embodiment, the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b is smaller than the rotation sliding portion 16b. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the auxiliary rotation sliding portion 28b and the rotation sliding portion are not limited thereto. The moving part 16b may be the same size.

Further, in the present embodiment, the reference of the rotational sliding portion 16b and the auxiliary rotational sliding portion 28b is a horizontal angle, but the present invention is not limited to this, and an angle inclined by a predetermined angle from the horizontal angle is used. It may be set as a reference angle. Then, it may be in contact with the braking surface when it is rotated by a predetermined rotation angle from the set reference angle, and may not be in contact with the braking surface in the state of the reference angle.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
In Embodiment 1 described above, the case of the rotational sliding portion 16 having a curved outer peripheral portion has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and has an inclined outer peripheral portion as shown in FIG. You may arrange | position the rotation sliding part 34c.

FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing a brake device 8c of the elevator braking device according to the fourth embodiment. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, a rotating sliding portion 34 c having an inclined outer peripheral portion is disposed, and this point is different from the above-described first embodiment. The same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those described above, or are denoted by the same reference numerals followed by “c”, and detailed description thereof is omitted here.

In FIG. 10, the up-and-down direction of the car 1 is referred to as “Y-axis direction”, and the directions perpendicular to the Y-axis direction are referred to as “X-axis direction” and “Z-axis direction”. The “X-axis direction” is the left-right direction of the paper surface, and the “Z-axis direction” is the depth direction of the paper surface.

In FIG. 10, a movable portion 14c is provided inside the mounting frame 12c. And the rotation sliding part 34c is attached to the movable part 14c. The rotational sliding part 34c is displaced in the X-axis direction together with the movable part 14c. The rotating sliding portion 34c can be brought into and out of contact with the guide rail 5 in accordance with the displacement of the movable portion 14c with respect to the mounting frame 12c.

Further, a receiving side sliding portion 36c is also provided in the mounting frame 12c. The rotation sliding part 34c faces the receiving side sliding part 36c with the guide rail 5 interposed therebetween in the X-axis direction. That is, the guide rail 5 is disposed between the rotation sliding part 34c and the receiving side sliding part 36c.

The receiving side sliding part 36c has a U-shape. The receiving side sliding part 36c opens toward the movable part 14c in the X-axis direction. Specifically, the receiving side sliding part 36c is composed of a rod-shaped main body 36cc and a protruding part 36ca extending from both ends of the main body 36cc toward the rotational sliding part 34c in the X-axis direction. The braking shoe 17 is attached to the surface of the receiving side sliding portion 36c facing the guide rail 5 of the main body 36cc via a biasing spring 32c.

The cross-sectional shape of the tip end portion 34cc of the rotating sliding portion 34c has a triangle such as an equilateral triangle or an isosceles triangle. The rotational sliding part 34c is arranged so that one side of the triangle of the tip part 34cc, that is, one surface of the tip part 34cc is parallel to the guide rail 5. A braking shoe 35c is attached to the surface of the tip end portion 34cc of the rotational sliding portion 34c.

1 or more protrusion part 36cb is provided in the lower part of the receiving side sliding part 36c. The guide rod 13c passes through the protrusion 36cb of the receiving side sliding portion 36c. Thereby, the receiving side sliding part 36c is slidable with respect to the attachment frame 12c along the guide rod 13c. That is, the receiving side sliding part 36c can be displaced in the X-axis direction. As a result, the receiving side sliding portion 36 c is displaced in the vertical direction, that is, in the X-axis direction with respect to the car 1 and the guide rail 5. Further, a position adjustment spring 33c is disposed between the receiving side sliding portion 36c and the mounting frame 12c as a position adjusting portion for maintaining the position of the receiving side sliding portion 36c in the brake released state.

Rotating sliding portion 34c is attached to movable portion 14c so as to be rotatable.

Hereinafter, the structure of the rotation sliding part 34c and the receiving side sliding part 36c will be described.

The rotation sliding part 34c is attached to the movable part 14c via the motor 20c. The motor 20c is a first drive unit. The rotating shaft of the motor 20c is disposed in the Z-axis direction and is attached to the movable portion 14c and the rotating sliding portion 34c. The rotation sliding part 34c is rotatable in both the upper and lower directions around the rotation axis of the motor 20c. By energizing the motor 20c, a rotational torque that rotates the rotational sliding portion 34c is generated. On the other hand, when the power of the motor 20c is cut off, the rotational torque disappears, and the rotational sliding portion 34c becomes freely rotatable.

As described above, the brake shoe 35c is disposed on the surface of the tip end portion 34cc of the rotational sliding portion 34c that contacts the guide rail 5. Since the distal end portion 34cc has a triangular cross-sectional shape, the opposite side of the surface of the distal end portion 34cc to which the brake shoe 35c is attached is inclined in the vertical direction. Hereinafter, this portion is referred to as an inclined portion of the tip portion 34cc. The tip end portion 34cc of the rotational sliding portion 34c is freely rotatable with respect to the rotational sliding portion 34c.

As described above, the receiving-side sliding portion 36c has a U-shape, and two projecting portions 36ca are provided toward the rotational sliding portion 34c. Those protrusions 36ca of the rotational sliding portion 34c pass through the back side of the guide rail 5 and extend to the back side of the tip end portion 34cc of the rotational sliding portion 34c. And the inclination of the front-end | tip of those protrusion parts 36ca is respectively provided so as to oppose the inclination of the front-end | tip part 34cc of the rotation sliding part 34c. Specifically, the slope of the protrusion 36ca provided on the upper side and the upper half of the slope part of the tip 34cc face each other. Similarly, the slope of the protrusion 36ca provided on the lower side and the tip 34cc The lower half of the sloped part of the head is opposite. As described above, the protruding portion 36ca of the receiving side sliding portion 36c is also inclined both in the vertical direction, similarly to the tip portion 34cc of the rotational sliding portion 34c. Hereinafter, these portions will be referred to as inclined portions of the protruding portions 36ca.

Hereinafter, the operation of the brake device 8c according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. First, the normal operation of the brake device 8c will be described. After the car 1 is stopped at the stop position on each floor by the hoisting machine 2, a holding command is output from the braking command unit 7 of the elevator control device 6 to the control unit 10 of the brake control device 9. When receiving the holding command, the control unit 10 acquires the load magnitude of the car 1 from the load detection unit 11, energizes the motor 20 c according to the load of the car 1, and turns torque to the turning sliding part 34 c. Is generated, and the rotation sliding portion 34c is rotated upward or downward.

At this time, the rotational direction of the rotational sliding portion 34c is opposite to the force acting on the car due to the difference between the load by the car 1 and the load by the weight 4. That is, considering the case where the load of the car 1 is larger than the load due to the counterweight 4, a downward force acts on the car 1. In this case, the rotational direction of the rotational sliding portion 34c is the upward direction.

FIG. 11 shows the brake device 8c when the rotating sliding portion 34c is rotated upward. Here, the “upward direction” means a clockwise direction around the rotation axis of the motor 20c.

As the rotational sliding portion 34c is rotated, the gap between the rotational sliding portion 34c and the receiving-side sliding portion 36c becomes smaller, and the inclined portion of the tip end portion 34cc of the rotational sliding portion 34c becomes smaller. The slanted portion of the projecting portion 36ca of the rotating sliding portion 34c comes into contact with the inclined portion 36ca. Thereafter, when the rotational sliding portion 34c further rotates, the receiving side sliding portion 36c is displaced in a direction approaching the guide rail 5 accordingly. Then, the brake shoe 17c comes into contact with the guide rail 5 and is pressed against the guide rail 5 via the biasing spring 32c. When the rotation sliding portion 34c further rotates from there, the inclined portion of the tip end portion 34cc of the rotation sliding portion 34c travels along the inclined portion of the protruding portion 36ca of the receiving side sliding portion 36c while rotating and sliding. The part 34 c is displaced in a direction approaching the guide rail 5. At this time, the movable portion 14c is also displaced in the direction approaching the guide rail 5 by the rotational sliding portion 34c. Then, when the brake shoe 35c attached to the rotational sliding portion 34c comes into contact with the guide rail 5, the guide rail 5 is gripped between the brake shoe 17c and the brake shoe 35c.

After holding the guide rail 5, the generation of motor torque from the hoisting machine 2 is stopped. When the generation of the motor torque is stopped, the load due to the difference between the load of the car 1 and the load of the counterweight acts on the car 1. Due to this load, the mounting frame 12c attached to the car 1 also receives a load in the direction of movement in the same direction as the car 1, so an upward or downward load is also applied to the receiving side sliding portion 36c. At this time, since the inclined portion of the protruding portion 36ca of the receiving side sliding portion 36c and the inclined portion of the tip end portion 34cc of the rotating sliding portion 34c are in contact with each other, the car 1 added to the receiving side sliding portion 36c. The load due to the difference between the load due to the load and the load of the counterweight acts in the direction in which the rotation sliding portion 34c is further pressed against the guide rail 5 by the inclined portion of the protrusion 36ca of the receiving side sliding portion 36c. . The self-boosting action is exerted by the load resulting from the difference between the load on the car 1 and the load on the counterweight, and the braking force acting on the guide rail 5 can be increased. Therefore, the torque applied by the motor 20c can be reduced, and a high braking force can be generated even with a small and light motor.

When the generation of the motor torque of the hoisting machine 2 is stopped, the car 1 is kept stationary, so the car 1 opens the car door and passengers get on and off.

When the passenger gets on and off, the door of the car 1 is closed and the brake device 8c is opened. First, the elevator control device 6 causes the hoist 2 to output motor torque necessary for holding the car 1 stationary before the brake device 8c is opened. And the control part 10 of the brake control apparatus 9 returns the rotation sliding part 34c to an initial angle with the motor torque of the motor 20c. When the angle of the rotational sliding portion 34c returns, the rotational sliding portion 34c is separated from the guide rail 5 by the biasing force of the position adjusting spring 23c, and the receiving side sliding portion 36c is also guided by the biasing force of the position adjusting spring 33c. Leave 5 Thereby, the grip of the guide rail 5 is released.

Next, the emergency operation of the brake device 8c will be described. If any abnormality occurs in the elevator while the car 1 is traveling, the braking command unit 7 outputs a braking command to the control unit 10. When receiving the control command, the control unit 10 cuts off the current of the electromagnet 21c and stops the electromagnetic force. When the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet 21c is interrupted, the movable portion 14c and the electromagnet 21c are separated by the biasing spring 22c, and the rotational sliding portion 34c comes into contact with the guide rail 5.

While the car 1 is traveling, when the rotating sliding portion 34c comes into contact with the guide rail 5, the inclined portion of the protruding portion 36ca of the receiving side sliding portion 36c and the tip of the rotating sliding portion 34c are moved along with the movement of the car 1. The inclined portion of the portion 34cc comes into contact. The receiving side sliding portion 36c is displaced in the direction in which the brake shoe 17c approaches the guide rail 5 by the inclined portion of the tip end portion 34cc of the rotational sliding portion 34c. When the brake shoe 17c comes into contact with the guide rail 5, the guide rail 5 is gripped between the brake shoe 17c and the brake shoe 35c. As a result, a braking force acts on the car 1 and the car 1 is decelerated to a stationary state.

Even at the time of an emergency stop, the rotation sliding portion 34c, which is applied to the rotation sliding portion 34c from the inclined portion of the protrusion 36ca of the receiving side sliding portion 36c by the movement of the car 1, tries to press against the guide rail 5. The self-boosting action works by the load, and a high braking force can be generated for the car 1.

As described above, the elevator braking device according to the present embodiment includes the rotating sliding portion 34c and the receiving-side sliding portion 36c each having an inclined portion. As a result, a high braking force due to the self-boosting action is obtained by the load due to the difference between the load caused by the car 1 acting on the car 1 and the load of the counterweight, and thus the size of the brake device 8c can be reduced.

Similarly to the first embodiment, during normal operation, the motor 20c, which is the first drive unit, rotates the rotating sliding portion 34c to hold the braking surface. The self-boosting action can be obtained without the movement of 1.

1 car, 2 hoisting machine, 3 ropes, 4 counterweights, 5 guide rails, 6 elevator control devices, 7 braking command units, 8, 8a, 8b, 8c brake devices, 9 brake control devices, 10 control units, 11 Load detection part, 12, 12b, 12c Mounting frame, 13, 13a, 13b, 13c Guide rod, 14, 14a, 14b, 14c Movable part, 15, 15b Receiving side sliding part, 16, 16a, 16b Rotating sliding Part, 17, 17b, 17c brake shoe, 18, 18a, 18b upper brake shoe, 19, 19a, 19b lower brake shoe, 20, 20a, 20b, 20c motor, 21, 21a, 21b, 21c electromagnet, 22, 22a, 22b, 22c Biasing spring, 23, 23b, 23c Position adjustment spring, 24, 24b, 24c Position adjustment Bolt, 25, 25b, 25c plate, 26 brake drum, 28b auxiliary rotating sliding part, 29b upper braking shoe, 30b lower braking shoe, 31b motor, 32c biasing spring, 33c position adjusting spring, 34c rotating sliding part 35c Brake shoe, 36c Receiving side sliding part.

Claims (8)

A movable part that can be displaced in a direction perpendicular to the target braking surface;
A rotating sliding portion provided so as to be rotatable with respect to the movable portion, and arranged so as to come into contact with the braking surface when rotated by a preset rotation angle from a reference angle serving as a reference; ,
A first drive unit for rotating the rotary sliding unit with respect to the movable unit;
A first urging force is generated for displacing the movable part in a direction in which the rotational sliding part comes into contact with the braking surface, and the rotational sliding part is opposed to the first urging force when the power is energized. A second drive unit that exerts a force that does not displace the movable unit in a direction in contact with the braking surface;
A position adjusting unit that generates a second urging force that holds the movable unit at a position where the rotating sliding unit in the reference angle state does not contact the braking surface when the second drive unit is energized; An elevator braking device comprising: The magnitude of the second biasing force is smaller than the magnitude of the first biasing force;
The elevator braking device according to claim 1. A split movable part provided to be connectable and separable to the movable part;
The second drive unit separates the movable unit and the divided movable unit when the power is shut off by the first biasing force, and connects the movable unit and the divided movable unit when power is supplied.
The elevator braking device according to claim 1 or 2. The second urging force acts between the split movable part and the elevator car.
The elevator braking device according to claim 3. The second drive unit is
An urging spring that displaces the movable part in a direction in which the rotating sliding part contacts the braking surface by the first urging force;
An electromagnet that attracts the movable portion against the first urging force by the urging spring by energization,
The elevator braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 4. A positioning unit for holding the position of the split movable unit when the power of the second drive unit is shut off;
The elevator braking device according to claim 3 or 4. The rotational sliding portion is configured such that a radius of curvature of a surface in contact with the braking surface increases in both directions from the reference angle as the rotation angle from the reference angle increases.
The elevator braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 6. A load detection unit for detecting the load of the car;
The first driving unit controls the rotation of the rotating sliding unit according to the load of the car detected by the load detecting unit.
The elevator braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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