WO2017022809A1 - 間葉系幹細胞由来エキソソーム - Google Patents
間葉系幹細胞由来エキソソーム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017022809A1 WO2017022809A1 PCT/JP2016/072855 JP2016072855W WO2017022809A1 WO 2017022809 A1 WO2017022809 A1 WO 2017022809A1 JP 2016072855 W JP2016072855 W JP 2016072855W WO 2017022809 A1 WO2017022809 A1 WO 2017022809A1
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/12—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
- A61K35/28—Bone marrow; Haematopoietic stem cells; Mesenchymal stem cells of any origin, e.g. adipose-derived stem cells
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/12—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
- A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
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- C12N5/00—Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell lines; Tissues; Cultivation or maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor
- C12N5/0012—Cell encapsulation
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- C12N5/00—Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell lines; Tissues; Cultivation or maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor
- C12N5/06—Animal cells or tissues; Human cells or tissues
- C12N5/0602—Vertebrate cells
- C12N5/0652—Cells of skeletal and connective tissues; Mesenchyme
- C12N5/0662—Stem cells
- C12N5/0663—Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC)
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- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/02—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving viable microorganisms
Definitions
- the present invention relates to mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles having corneal epithelial stem cell and / or corneal epithelial cell proliferation promoting activity, corneal epithelial stem cell undifferentiation maintenance activity or corneal epithelial stem cell colony formation promoting activity, or corneal epithelial protective activity About.
- Corneal epithelial stem cells are present in the limbus between the cornea and the conjunctiva and play an important role in the cause and treatment process of corneal epithelial stem cell exhaustion, corneal epithelial disorder, diabetic keratopathy.
- Conventional treatments for these diseases include artificial tears, antibiotic eye drops, and corneal transplantation, but there are cases where eye drops do not work, and other types of corneal transplantation have the risk of rejection and a lack of donors. There was a point.
- Patent Document 1 A method of inducing differentiation from iPS cells derived from ocular epidermis cells into corneal epithelial cells and corneal epithelial stem cells is described (Patent Document 1).
- corneal epithelial cells and corneal epithelial stem cells differentiated from iPS cells are under development in clinical practice.
- corneal epithelial stem cells form colonies by, for example, a co-culture system using NIH / 3T3 cells as feeder cells.
- markers for corneal epithelial stem cells K14 (keratin 14), K15 (keratin 15), p63, and N-cadherin are known.
- markers for differentiated corneal epithelial cells eye tissue-specific markers (for example, pax6), corneal epithelial-specific differentiation markers (for example, K3 (keratin 3) K12 (keratin 12)) and the like are known.
- Exosomes are vesicles with a diameter of about 30 to 150 nm formed by lipid bilayers secreted from various cells.
- tetraspanins CD63, CD81, CD9, etc.
- exosome membranes lipid bilayers secreted from various cells.
- proteins, mRNAs, and miRNAs are included.
- exosomes are obtained by ultracentrifugation from, for example, cell culture supernatant (Non-patent Document 1).
- MSCs Mesenchymal stem cells
- adipocyte lineage adipocyte lineage
- chondrocyte lineage adipocyte lineage
- bone cell lineage a variety of sources such as bone marrow, blood, fat and other somatic tissues.
- Patent Document 2 describes that exosomes of mesenchymal stem cells derived from embryonic stem cells can be used for therapeutic means including cardioprotective action.
- Patent Document 3 describes that neural stem cell-derived exosomes have an effect of stimulating wound healing, angiogenesis and neurite outgrowth.
- Corneal epithelial disease is a disease in which the corneal epithelium has been damaged for some reason.
- the causes of corneal epithelial stem cell exhaustion include aniridia or sclera as a congenital one, and alkaline corrosion as an exogenous one.
- endogenous ones include Stevens-Johnson syndrome, pemphigoid, and other idiopathic ones.
- Non-Patent Documents 2 to 4 disclose therapeutic agents for corneal epithelial stem cell exhaustion, focusing on the corneal epithelial stem cell colony formation promoting effect, but it has been reported that exosome has corneal epithelial stem cell colony formation promoting effect. It has not been.
- An object of the present invention is useful for the prevention and / or treatment of corneal epithelial diseases, and is a corneal epithelial stem cell and / or corneal epithelial cell proliferation promoting activity, corneal epithelial stem cell undifferentiation maintenance activity or corneal epithelial stem cell colony formation promoting It is to provide mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles having activity or corneal epithelial protective action.
- mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles have a corneal epithelial stem cell and / or corneal epithelial cell proliferation promoting activity, and corneal epithelial stem cell undifferentiated maintenance activity.
- the present inventors have found that the corneal epithelial stem cells have a colony formation promoting activity or a corneal epithelial protective action, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention relates to the following.
- Item 1 A mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticle having corneal epithelial stem cell and / or corneal epithelial cell proliferation promoting activity, corneal epithelial stem cell undifferentiation maintenance activity, corneal epithelial stem cell colony formation promoting activity, or corneal epithelial protective activity.
- Item 2 The mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticle according to Item 1, wherein the mesenchymal stem cell microparticle has a density of 1.13 to 1.19 g / mL by density gradient centrifugation.
- Item 3. The mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticle according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the mesenchymal stem cell microparticle is an exosome.
- a preventive or therapeutic agent for corneal epithelial diseases comprising mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles as an active ingredient.
- Corneal epithelial disease is heat corrosion, alkali corrosion, acid corrosion, drug toxicity, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, pemphigoid, (recurrent) pterygium, persistent corneal epithelial defect, corneal perforation, peripheral corneal ulcer, corneal ulcer, Epithelial detachment after excimer laser surgery, radiation keratopathy, aniridia, post-trachoma corneal opacity, Salzmann corneal degeneration, corneal erosion, Ryukyu adhesion, disease of disappearing stem cells of unknown corneal epithelium, limbal tumor, host pair Item 5 selected from the group consisting of graft disease (GVHD), keratitis, punctate superficial keratopathy, dry eye, dry keratoconjunctivitis, corneal epithelial stem cell exhaustion, corneal dystrophy, diabetic keratopathy, and corneal epithelial disorder The preventive or therapeutic agent for corneal epithelial disease as described.
- GVHD graf
- Corneal epithelial disorder is corneal epithelial disorder, punctate superficial keratopathy, corneal erosion, peripheral corneal ulcer, prolonged corneal epithelial defect, dry eye, epithelial detachment after excimer laser operation, thermal corrosion, alkaline corrosion, acid corrosion, drug Group consisting of toxicity, diabetic keratopathy, corneal epithelial stem cell exhaustion, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, pemphigoid, aniridia, corneal epithelial stem cell with unknown cause, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) Item 6.
- the preventive or therapeutic agent for corneal epithelial disease according to Item 5, which is more selected.
- Corneal epithelial disorder is corneal epithelial disorder, punctate superficial keratopathy, corneal erosion, peripheral corneal ulcer, prolonged corneal epithelial defect, dry eye, epithelial detachment after excimer laser operation, thermal corrosion, alkaline corrosion, acid corrosion, drug Item 6.
- Item 9 The preventive or therapeutic agent for corneal epithelial disease according to Item 8, wherein the corneal epithelial stem cell exhaustion is caused by an external factor, an internal factor, a congenital defect, or a neoplastic disease.
- Item 10 A method for culturing corneal epithelial stem cells, comprising culturing in the presence of mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles.
- Item 11 A corneal epithelial stem cell and / or a corneal epithelial cell obtained by the culture method according to Item 10.
- Item 12 A screening method for a preventive or therapeutic agent for corneal epithelial disease, using colony formation of corneal epithelial stem cells as an index.
- the present invention also relates to the following.
- Item 13 Containing an effective amount of mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles, promoting proliferation of corneal epithelial stem cells and / or corneal epithelial cells, maintaining corneal epithelial stem cell undifferentiation, or promoting corneal epithelial stem cell colonization, Alternatively, a composition for protecting the corneal epithelium.
- Item 14 A pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating corneal epithelial disease, comprising a therapeutically effective amount of mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles.
- Item 15 Mesenchymal stem cells in a method for promoting proliferation of corneal epithelial stem cells and / or corneal epithelial cells, maintaining undifferentiation of corneal epithelial stem cells, promoting colonization of corneal epithelial stem cells, or protecting corneal epithelium Use of fine particles.
- Item 16 Use of mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles in a method for preventing or treating corneal epithelial disease.
- Item 17 In the manufacture of a composition that promotes the proliferation of corneal epithelial stem cells and / or corneal epithelial cells, maintains the undifferentiation of corneal epithelial stem cells, promotes colony formation of corneal epithelial stem cells, or protects the corneal epithelium. Use of leaf stem cell-derived microparticles.
- Item 18 Use of mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles in the manufacture of a medicament for the prevention or treatment of corneal epithelial disease.
- Item 19 Administering an effective amount of mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles, promoting corneal epithelial stem cell and / or corneal epithelial cell proliferation, maintaining corneal epithelial stem cell undifferentiation, or corneal epithelial stem cell colony formation To promote or protect the corneal epithelium.
- Item 20 A method for preventing or treating corneal epithelial disease, comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles.
- each configuration of items 1 to 20 can be arbitrarily selected and combined with two or more.
- the proliferation of corneal epithelial stem cells and / or corneal epithelial cells is promoted in patients with various corneal epithelial diseases, and the undifferentiated maintenance activity of corneal epithelial stem cells or corneal epithelial stem cells
- the colony formation promoting activity can be increased or the corneal epithelium can be protected. Therefore, the mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles of the present invention can be used for the prevention and / or treatment of various corneal epithelial diseases.
- the mesenchymal stem cell-derived fine particles of the present invention will be described below.
- mesenchymal stem cells in the present invention include bone marrow, fat, muscle, nerve, skin, amniotic membrane, placenta, chorion, decidua or umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells, preferably bone marrow, fat, placenta It is a derived mesenchymal stem cell, more preferably a fat-derived mesenchymal stem cell.
- the mesenchymal stem cells in the present invention include, for example, growth characteristics (for example, population doubling ability from aging to aging, doubling time), karyotype analysis (for example, normal karyotype, maternal line or newborn line), flow site Surface marker expression by measurement (eg FACS analysis), immunohistochemistry and / or immunocytochemistry (eg epitope detection), gene expression profiling (eg gene chip array; reverse transcription PCR, real-time PCR, conventional PCR, etc.) Polymerase chain reaction), miRNA expression profiling, protein arrays, protein secretion such as cytokines (eg, plasma coagulation analysis, ELISA, cytokine array), metabolites (metabolome analysis), other methods known in the art, etc. May be characterized.
- growth characteristics for example, population doubling ability from aging to aging, doubling time
- karyotype analysis for example, normal karyotype, maternal line or newborn line
- flow site Surface marker expression by measurement eg FACS analysis
- the mesenchymal stem cells in the present invention can be cultured, for example, by the following method. That is, mesenchymal stem cells such as tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells and established mesenchymal stem cells are cultured in conditioned medium, followed by culturing mesenchymal stem cells in non-conditioned medium can do.
- the conditioned medium a medium conventionally known to those skilled in the art can be selected and used for each type of mesenchymal stem cells, and is not particularly limited.
- the conditioned medium include a medium for culturing mesenchymal stem cells such as PromoProCell, Life Line, and Lonza.
- the conditioned medium may contain a biological material (for example, animal serum), but considering that the obtained cells and the culture supernatant thereof are used for the treatment of diseases of animals (including humans) as much as possible. It is preferable that it is a culture medium (for example, serum-free culture medium) which does not contain a biological material.
- the non-conditioned medium is a medium used after the cells are fully conditioned, and may be a medium having the same composition as the conditioned medium or a medium having a different composition.
- the medium is not particularly limited as long as it is a medium suitable for culturing mesenchymal stem cells in the present invention.
- the non-conditioned medium is a medium that can be selected and used for each type of mesenchymal stem cells, for example, a medium used for cell culture of normal mesenchymal stem cells, cells other than normal mesenchymal stem cells
- a medium used for culture, a medium obtained by removing specific components from the conditioned medium, a medium obtained by adding specific components to the conditioned medium, and the like can be used.
- the non-conditioned medium is preferably a medium containing as little biological material as possible (for example, a serum-free medium).
- biological materials such as albumin and FCS can be added.
- MSCGM-CD medium or the like, or a medium containing FCS in the range of 0.1% to 10% in these basic media can be used.
- the serum-free medium is not particularly limited as long as it does not contain animal serum as an additive.
- a known basic medium having a composition containing additives other than animal serum can be used.
- the composition of the basic medium can be appropriately selected according to the type of cells to be cultured.
- minimum essential medium such as Eagle medium, Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM), minimum essential medium ⁇ (MEM- ⁇ ), mesenchymal cell basal medium (MSCBM), Ham's F-12 and F -10 medium, DMEM / F12 medium, Williams medium E, RPMI-1640 medium, MCDB medium, 199 medium, Fisher medium, Iscove modified Dulbecco medium (IMDM), McCoy modified medium, and the like.
- additives added to the basic medium include amino acids, inorganic salts, vitamins, and other additives such as carbon sources and antibiotics.
- concentration of these additives is not particularly limited, and can be used at a concentration used in a normal medium for mammalian cells.
- amino acids examples include glycine, L-alanine, L-arginine, L-asparagine, L-aspartic acid, L-cysteine, L-cystine, L-glutamic acid, L-glutamine, L-histidine, L-isoleucine, Examples include L-leucine, L-lysine, L-methionine, L-phenylalanine, L-proline, L-serine, L-threonine, L-tryptophan, L-tyrosine, L-valine and the like.
- inorganic salts include calcium chloride, copper sulfate, iron (III) nitrate, iron sulfate, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, potassium chloride, sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium chloride, disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, etc. Is mentioned.
- vitamins examples include choline, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin B4, vitamin B5, vitamin B6, vitamin B7, vitamin B12, vitamin B13, vitamin B15, vitamin B17, vitamin Bh, vitamin Bt , Vitamin Bx, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin F, vitamin K, vitamin M, vitamin P and the like.
- FGF fibroblast growth factor
- EGF endothelial cell growth factor
- PDGF platelet derived growth factor
- EGF insulin-like growth factor
- TGF insulin-like growth factor
- TGF nerve growth factor
- BDNF brain-derived neurotrophic factor
- VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor
- G-CSF granulocyte colony stimulating factor
- GM-CSF granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor
- EPO thrombopoietin
- HGF hepatocyte growth factor
- antibiotics such as penicillin, streptomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin
- carbon sources such as glucose, galactose, fructose, sucrose
- Iron, zinc, calcium, potassium, Trace metals such as thorium, copper, selenium, cobalt, tin, molybdenum, nickel, silicon
- a serum-free medium suitable for the mesenchymal stem cells in the present invention includes a commercially available serum-free medium.
- This serum-free medium contains antioxidant, animal serum albumin, growth factor, surfactant, Edg ligand, serotonin ligand, Wnt signal activator, ROCK inhibitor, growth factor, steroidal compound, PTEN inhibitor, p53 inhibition May further contain components selected from agents, p38 inhibitors and the like.
- the culture conditions for the mesenchymal stem cells in the present invention are not particularly limited as long as they are suitable for each mesenchymal stem cell, and the same method as in the past can be used. Usually, it is performed at a temperature of 30 ° C. to 37 ° C., in a 2% to 7% CO 2 environment, and in a 5% to 21% O 2 environment. Further, the passage time and method of the mesenchymal stem cells are not particularly limited as long as they are suitable for each cell, and can be performed in the same manner as before while observing the state of the cells.
- the mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles of the present invention are microparticles obtained from mesenchymal stem cells.
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles are microparticles produced by mesenchymal stem cells. Typically, microparticles are secreted from mesenchymal stem cells.
- the mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles of the present invention are vesicles released from mesenchymal stem cells that can be confirmed with an electron microscope.
- Mesenchymal stem cell microparticles can have a lipid bilayer surrounding biomolecules.
- the mesenchymal stem cell microparticles include, for example, membrane particles, membrane vesicles, microvesicles, exosome-like vesicles, exosomes, ectosome-like vesicles, ectosomes or exovesicles.
- mesenchymal stem cell microparticles have different diameters, intracellular origins, microparticle density in sucrose, shape, sedimentation rate, lipid composition, protein markers and mode of secretion (ie after signal (inducible) or spontaneous (Constructive)).
- the exosome is fractionated to 1.13 to 1.19 g / mL by, for example, density gradient centrifugation, and the particle size can also be measured by a dynamic light scattering method or the like.
- the mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles of the present invention may be, for example, CD9, CD63, CD81, GAPDH, PKM, Enolase-1, 40S ribosomal protein S2, S5, SA, S13, S23, S4, S16, S9, 60S acidic ribosomal protein.
- the mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles in the present invention are usually subcultured (or confluent) by culturing mesenchymal stem cells in a conditioned medium and replaced with a new conditioned medium, and usually 1 to 5 days (for example, (1 day, 2 to 3 days, 3 to 4 days), and the culture supernatant can be collected.
- Examples of the method for collecting mesenchymal stem cell-derived fine particles in the present invention include ultracentrifugation, density gradient centrifugation, and various exosome separation kits (pellet down by centrifugation, immunoprecipitation, purification by magnetic beads, depending on the size of the particles. Fractionation, column adsorption, etc.).
- the method for recovering mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles in the present invention includes, for example, ultracentrifuging the culture supernatant of mesenchymal stem cells at about 50,000 to 150,000 G for 0.5 to 2 hours. Before performing ultracentrifugation, the culture supernatant of mesenchymal stem cells can be centrifuged at about 100-20,000 G for 0.1-2 hours.
- the mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles are lyophilized at 4 ° C. for about 1 week, ⁇ 20 ° C. for about 1 month, and ⁇ 80 ° C. for about 6 months if dissolved in a solution such as PBS. In this state, it can be stored at 4 ° C. for about 3 years.
- the mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles of the present invention have corneal epithelial stem cell and / or corneal epithelial cell proliferation promoting activity, corneal epithelial stem cell undifferentiation maintenance activity, corneal epithelial stem cell colony formation promoting activity, or corneal epithelial protective effect .
- Corneal epithelial stem cells have proliferative ability (undifferentiated or colony forming ability) and express corneal epithelial stem cell-specific markers. Corneal epithelial stem cells can differentiate into corneal epithelial cells. Corneal epithelial cells and / or corneal epithelial stem cells are present in the annulus between the cornea and the conjunctiva.
- the mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles of the present invention have a corneal epithelial stem cell and / or corneal epithelial cell growth promoting activity, corneal epithelial stem cell undifferentiation maintenance activity, corneal epithelial stem cell colony formation promoting activity, or corneal epithelial protective activity This can be evaluated by methods known to those skilled in the art.
- the term “proliferation promoting activity” means to promote cell proliferation.
- proliferation of corneal epithelial stem cells is promoted, and thereafter the corneal epithelial stem cells are differentiated into corneal epithelial cells.
- colony formation promoting activity means that the cultured cells proliferate and form colonies.
- colonies are formed by subculture. It can be confirmed by measuring the number of colonies and the size of the colonies.
- the “undifferentiation maintenance activity” means that when the cultured cell is an undifferentiated cell, for example, a corneal epithelial stem cell, the undifferentiated state is maintained.
- K14 Keratin 14
- markers such as K15 (keratin 15) and / or p63 and / or N-cadherin, it is possible to evaluate whether corneal epithelial stem cells in culture are not differentiated.
- the “corneal epithelial protective effect” means protecting the corneal epithelium.
- the corneal epithelial stem cell and / or the corneal epithelial stem cell decreased or disappeared for some reason by growing the corneal epithelial stem cell and / or the corneal epithelial cell.
- the corneal epithelium can be protected by supplementing corneal epithelial cells.
- corneal epithelial stem cells ⁇ Promotion of proliferative ability of corneal epithelial stem cells by mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles>
- the ability of corneal epithelial stem cells to proliferate is confirmed, for example, by seeding corneal epithelial stem cells into a culture system in the presence of the mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles of the present invention and performing subculture to proliferate the corneal epithelial stem cells.
- the present invention is not limited to this. Proliferation of corneal epithelial stem cells can be confirmed by forming colonies by subculture.
- the subculture for confirming the formation of colonies is performed in a co-culture system with feeder cells (for example, NIH / 3T3 cells), or in a medium for epithelial cells or epithelial stem cells.
- feeder cells for example, NIH / 3T3 cells
- the proliferation ability is preferably self-replication ability.
- the evaluation of the ability of the cell to proliferate is not limited to this. For example, in addition to the ability of the cell to proliferate, the characteristics of the cell after growth do not change by subculture. Can be used as an indicator.
- ⁇ Corneal epithelial stem cell marker> The corneal epithelial stem cells having proliferative ability can be confirmed by a corneal epithelial stem cell marker described later, but are not limited thereto.
- corneal epithelial stem cell-specific marker The evaluation that the cells express a corneal epithelial stem cell-specific marker can be performed by methods known to those skilled in the art.
- the corneal epithelial stem cell marker include K14 (keratin 14), K15 (keratin 15) and / or p63 and / or N-cadherin, which are specific markers for stratified epithelial stem cells (and progenitor cells). It is not limited to this.
- ocular tissue specific markers eg, pax6) and / or corneal epithelial specific differentiation markers (eg, K3 (keratin 3), K12 (keratin 12)
- K12 corneal epithelial specific differentiation marker
- a cell surface marker eg, Integrin alpha6, N-cadherin, etc. specifically expressed in corneal epithelial stem cells can also be detected.
- ⁇ Method for detecting corneal epithelial stem cell marker Although the specific detection method of expressing the corneal epithelial stem cell marker is known, for example, the expression of a reporter gene can be detected or detected by immunocytochemistry.
- Reporter gene of the above corneal epithelial stem cell marker for example, a reporter gene in which a promoter region of a gene encoding a corneal epithelial stem cell marker and a fluorescent protein such as green fluorescent protein (GFP) are linked
- GFP green fluorescent protein
- reporter gene expression may be detected after differentiation induction. Examples include detection by microscopic observation using an antibody staining method, detection of cell surface markers by a cell sorter (flow cytometer), and the like.
- the present invention also relates to a method for culturing corneal epithelial stem cells, comprising culturing in the presence of mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles.
- the method for culturing corneal epithelial stem cells of the present invention includes the following steps: (1) culturing corneal epithelial cells collected from the limbus of the cornea in the presence of mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles, and (2) selecting corneal epithelial stem cells from the cultured cells.
- the step (1) includes co-culture using NIH / 3T3 cells as feeder cells using corneal epithelial cells collected from the limbus of human imported cornea.
- Step (2) includes selecting corneal epithelial stem cells from the cells (population) cultured in step (1) using the self-proliferating ability and / or the expression of a corneal epithelial stem cell-specific marker as an index.
- the corneal epithelial stem cells obtained by the production method of the present invention may include corneal epithelial progenitor cells.
- the corneal epithelial cells include corneal epithelial cells and / corneal epithelial stem cells.
- a medium for culturing corneal epithelial stem cells is a medium capable of culturing corneal epithelial stem cells (for example, keratinocyte-conditioned medium (KCM medium), keratinocyte serum-free medium (KSFM medium, Invitrogen, etc.) known to those skilled in the art. Possible), CnT-20 medium (CELLnTEC), CnT-50 medium (CELLnTEC), etc.).
- KCM medium keratinocyte-conditioned medium
- KSFM medium keratinocyte serum-free medium
- CnT-20 medium CELLnTEC
- CnT-50 medium CELLnTEC
- the corneal epithelial cell sheet of the present invention is a corneal epithelial cell sheet derived from corneal epithelial stem cells and / or corneal epithelial progenitor cells obtained by the culture method of the present invention.
- the corneal epithelial cell sheet may be a stratified sheet of corneal epithelial cell sheets.
- the method for producing the corneal epithelial cell sheet can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art from known methods and methods developed in the future.
- the method for producing a corneal epithelial cell sheet is not particularly limited, and includes the steps of culturing the corneal epithelial stem cells on a temperature-responsive culture dish or carrier in the presence of feeder cells, and the above steps. Means including a step of recovering the obtained cell sheet can be mentioned.
- the method includes culturing the corneal epithelial stem cell in the presence of the mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticle of the present invention.
- the present invention also relates to a preventive or therapeutic agent for corneal epithelial disease, which contains mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles as an active ingredient.
- the present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating corneal epithelial disease, which contains mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles as an active ingredient.
- the present invention also relates to the use of mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles in the manufacture of a medicament for the prevention and / or treatment of corneal epithelial disease.
- the present invention also relates to a method for the prevention and / or treatment of corneal epithelial disease, comprising administering a prophylactic and / or therapeutic effective amount of mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles to a subject in need thereof.
- the corneal epithelial disease is a disease in which the corneal epithelium is damaged for some reason, and includes diseases in which corneal epithelial cells and / or corneal epithelial stem cells are reduced and / or lost, for example, heat corrosion, alkali corrosion, acid corrosion, chemicals Toxicity, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, pemphigoid, (recurrent) pterygium, persistent corneal epithelial defect, corneal perforation, corneal ulcer, corneal ulcer, epithelial detachment after excimer laser surgery, radiation keratopathy, aniridia , Post-trachoma corneal opacity, Salzmann corneal degeneration, corneal erosion, Ryukyu adhesion, corneal epithelial stem cell disease of unknown cause, limbal tumor, host versus graft disease (GVHD), keratitis, punctate superficial keratopathy , Dry eye, dry keratoconjunctivitis, corneal epithelial stem cell exhaustion, cornea
- the corneal epithelial disease is preferably corneal epithelial disorder, punctate superficial keratopathy, corneal erosion, peripheral corneal ulcer, prolonged corneal epithelial defect, dry eye, epithelial detachment after excimer laser operation, thermal corrosion, alkaline corrosion, acid Corrosion, drug toxicity, diabetic keratosis, corneal epithelial stem cell exhaustion, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, pemphigoid, aniridia, disease of missing corneal epithelial stem cells of unknown cause, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) More preferably, corneal epithelial disorder, punctate superficial keratopathy, corneal erosion, peripheral corneal ulcer, prolonged corneal epithelial defect, dry eye, epithelial detachment after excimer laser surgery, thermal corrosion, alkaline corrosion, acid corrosion, drug Toxic, diabetic keratopathy.
- GVHD graft-versus-host disease
- the corneal epithelial stem cell exhaustion may be caused by, for example, external factors (heat, chemical trauma, drug toxicity, etc.), internal factors (eye diseases such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome, ophthalmologic pemphigus, GVHD), congenital It is caused by a deficit (dysplasia of the limb due to abnormal development during embryonic period such as aniridia and scleral cornea) or a neoplastic disease (such as stratified squamous cell carcinoma originating from the limbus).
- external factors heat, chemical trauma, drug toxicity, etc.
- internal factors eye diseases such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome, ophthalmologic pemphigus, GVHD
- congenital It is caused by a deficit (dysplasia of the limb due to abnormal development during embryonic period such as aniridia and scleral cornea) or a neoplastic disease (such as stratified squamous cell carcinoma originating from the limbus).
- the preventive or therapeutic agent and pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be administered simultaneously with other drugs, or may be administered at an appropriate time before and after the administration of other drugs.
- the preventive or therapeutic agent and pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be made into appropriate preparations by conventional methods.
- the dosage form of the preparation may be a solid preparation such as a powder or granule, but from the viewpoint of obtaining an excellent preventive / therapeutic effect, it is preferably a liquid such as a solution, emulsion or suspension. In particular, when it is an eye drop, it is more preferably a solution.
- a method for producing the liquid preparation for example, a method of mixing mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles or a mesenchymal stem cell culture supernatant prepared in advance with a solvent, or a method of further mixing a suspending agent or an emulsifier is suitable. Can be exemplified.
- an appropriate pharmaceutically acceptable carrier such as an excipient, a binder, a solvent, a solubilizing agent, a suspension, etc.
- An arbitrary component such as can be blended.
- the pharmaceutical composition of this invention contains a cell, the component acceptable in a cell formulation can be mix
- the administration method of the preventive or therapeutic agent and pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but intravascular administration (preferably intravenous administration), intraperitoneal administration, intestinal administration, subcutaneous administration, administration by eye drops, etc. Is preferred.
- the dose of the preparation of the preventive or therapeutic agent and pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may vary depending on the type of disease, the degree of symptoms, the dosage form, the body weight of the administration subject, etc., but the mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles As the amount, for example, a range of 1 pg / kg to 100 mg / kg per day can be preferably exemplified, and a range of 100 pg / kg to 10 mg / kg can be more suitably exemplified.
- administration of the preventive or therapeutic agent and the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be performed one to several times a day.
- the administration of the preventive or therapeutic agent of the present invention and the preparation of the pharmaceutical composition may be performed in a single dose or continuously.
- continuous administration for example, it can be administered twice or more at a frequency of once every three days, and in particular, continuously administered at least three times at a frequency of once or more every two days It is preferable to administer continuously 4 times or more at a frequency of 1 or more times a day.
- the preventive or therapeutic agent of the present invention and the preparation of the pharmaceutical composition are eye drops, it is prepared using a technique that is widely used for eye drops, and optionally using pharmaceutically acceptable additives. be able to.
- isotonic agents such as sodium chloride and concentrated glycerin; pH adjusters such as hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide; buffering agents such as sodium phosphate and sodium acetate; polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyl 40 stearate, poly Surfactants such as oxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil; stabilizers such as sodium citrate and sodium edetate; preservatives such as benzalkonium chloride and paraben can be selected and used as necessary.
- the pH of the present ophthalmic solution may be within the range acceptable for ophthalmic preparations, but is usually preferably within the range of 4-8.
- the animal to be administered with the preventive or therapeutic agent of the present invention and the pharmaceutical composition preparation is not particularly limited, but humans, monkeys, mice, rats, hamsters, guinea pigs, cattle, pigs, horses, rabbits, sheep, Goats, cats, dogs and the like are preferable, and humans are more preferable.
- the preventive or therapeutic agent and the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention contain cells and / or culture supernatant thereof, the kind of animal to be administered with the prophylactic or therapeutic agent of the present invention and the pharmaceutical composition preparation The coincidence is preferable from the viewpoint of obtaining a more stable and excellent preventive and / or therapeutic effect on the disease.
- Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells As a fat-derived mesenchymal stem cell (AD-MSC), Poetics Adipose-derived stem cells (PT-5006, Lonza) were used.
- Human corneal epithelial cells were prepared as follows. Human corneal epithelial cells were collected from the limbal portion of human imported cornea (Light Life, WA), and CnT-Prime, Epidermal Culture Medium (CnT-PR, CELLnTEC) at 37 ° C., 5 at 10 cm dish (353003, Falcon). The cells were cultured in an incubator under an environment of% CO 2 and cultured to a density of 70-90%.
- DMEM High Glucose
- Pyruvate (11995-065, Gibco) supplemented with 10% FBS and 1% Antibiotic-Antilytic (15240-062, Gibco) was used.
- CnT-Prime CnT-PR, CELLnTEC
- KCM medium Hayashi, Ryuhei
- FBS FBS
- the centrifuge was Hitachi, CP80WX, the rotor was P90AT, and the ultracentrifugation tube was a 10PC bottle kumi (Hitachi, 325952A) that had been autoclaved at 121 ° C. for 20 minutes. Centrifuge the culture supernatant 8ml / tube at room temperature for 10 minutes at 300G, collect the supernatant to remove the live pellet cells, and then centrifuge at 2,000G for 10 minutes at 4 ° C to collect the supernatant 8ml, pellet Dead cells were removed. Further, it was centrifuged at 10,000 G for 30 minutes at 4 ° C., and 8 ml of the supernatant was collected to remove cell debris from the pellet.
- HCEC pellet After the enzymatic reaction in the incubator, peel off the cells, add 8 ml of PBS, transfer to a 15 ml tube, and centrifuge at 1300 rpm for 5 minutes at room temperature in a centrifuge (LC-230, TOMY) to prepare an HCEC pellet. After suspending it in 5% FBS KCM, it was seeded on the NIH / 3T3 feeder so as to be 200 cells / well. The total amount of the medium was 300 ⁇ l / well. The medium was changed once every 2-3 days for a total of 3 times, and the exosome was replaced with a new one each time, and the culture was continued in the same environment for 10 days. The exosomes were treated with 5% FBS KCM medium so that the concentration was 20 or 30 ⁇ g / ml in terms of protein measured by BCA assay.
- CFE Colony-Forming Efficiency
- Gene expression analysis of K12 After removing the culture supernatant, it was washed once with 500 ⁇ l of PBS, and 1 ml of QIAzol Lysis Reagent (79306, QIAGEN) was added to each well of the obtained HCEC colonies to collect the total RNA, and the protocol Then, after total RNA was purified, reverse transcription was performed using SuperScript III First-Strand Synthesis SuperMix for qRT-PCR (18080400, Thermo Fisher Scientific) to obtain cDNA.
- K3 Hs00365080_m1
- K12 00165015_m1
- K14 Hs00559328_m1
- K15 Hs00267035_m1
- p63 Hs009783339_m1
- N-Cadherin Hs00983056_m1
- PAX6 results of Hs00240871_m5 are shown in FIG. 5).
- exosome proteome analysis> Shotgun analysis of protein in exosome
- An exosome pellet was obtained according to the method described above.
- the exosome pellet was prepared by adding 10 ⁇ l of 100 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0 to which 2% Sodium Deoxycholate (190-08313, Wako) and 1X Protease Inhibitor Cocktail set I (165-26021, Wako) were added, and 4 ° C. after vortexing The suspension was left standing at / N. .
- Protein quantification was performed using a BCA assay kit (Pierse, 23227), and 10 ⁇ l diluted to 1 ⁇ g / ⁇ l was used for shotgun analysis. Analysis used QTRAP 5500 (AB SCIEX).
- the exosomes are CD9, CD63, CD81, GAPDH, PKM, Enolase-1, 40S ribosomal protein S2, S5, SA, S13, S23, S4, S16, S9, 60S acid ribosomal protein P0, P1rrotetePm, 60L , HSPB1, HSP7C, 14-3-3 protein zeta / delta, epsilon, theta, beta / alpha, gamma, eta, Syntenin, TSG101, Actin Cytoplasmic-1, Cofilin-1, A6, A6, A6, A6, A6 , A11, Rab-1B, 7a, 8B, 11A, 13, 35, ICAM-1, Integrin alpha V, alpha-2, alpha-4, alpha-5, include beta-1, beta-5 was confirmed.
- BM Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells
- UC umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells
- NHDF human normal skin fibroblasts
- KF-4009 KF-4009
- Exosome pellets were suspended using 10 ul of RIPA Lysis and buffer (89900, Thermo Fisher Scientific) supplemented with Protease Inhibitor Cocktail Set I (Wako, 165-26021). Exosomes were disrupted by treatment with a microsonic homogenizer QSONICA Q125 at 20% for 5 seconds, and centrifuged at 14,000 G for 15 minutes at 4 ° C. to recover the supernatant. After quantifying the protein in the supernatant using the BCA kit (Pierce, 23227), a sample treated with a heat block treated with 70% at 10 ° C. for 10 minutes was added to the sample by adding a quarter amount of 4 ⁇ NuPAGE LDS Sample Buffer (Bio-Rad).
- SDS-PAGE was performed by applying 3 ⁇ g of protein in terms of protein amount to 4-12% NuPAGE Novex Bis-Tris gel (invitrogen). After being transferred to a PVDF membrane using an iBlot system (Invitrogen), it was blocked in 5% skim milk / PBS for 1 hour at room temperature. A membrane washed with TBS containing 0.05% Tween 20 (TBS-T) for 3 minutes for 5 minutes was reacted with the primary antibody at 4 ° C. overnight, washed with TBS-T for 3 minutes for 5 minutes, For 1 hour.
- TBS-T Tween 20
- Anti-CD63 antibody (10628D, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 1: 1000 dilution (TBS)) is used as the primary antibody, and HRP-labeled anti-mouse IgG antibody (1: 10,000-fold dilution (TBS)) is used as the secondary antibody. )It was used. ECL prime (GE healthcare Bio-Sciences) was used for luminescence, and detection was performed with ChemiDoc XRS (Bio-Rad).
- exosomes derived from AD-MSC express CD63
- exosomes derived from UC-MSC umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells
- BM-MSC bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells
- AD-MSC may secrete more exosomes than other cells.
- the mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles of the present invention have corneal epithelial stem cells and / or corneal epithelial cell growth promoting activity, corneal epithelial stem cell undifferentiation maintenance activity or colony formation promoting activity, or corneal epithelial protective activity, There is a possibility of use.
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Abstract
Description
本発明における間葉系幹細胞としては、例えば、骨髄、脂肪、筋肉、神経、皮膚、羊膜、胎盤、絨毛膜、脱落膜又は臍帯由来の間葉系幹細胞が挙げられ、好ましくは骨髄、脂肪、胎盤由来の間葉系幹細胞であり、更に好ましくは脂肪由来の間葉系幹細胞である。
本発明における間葉系幹細胞は、例えば以下の方法によって培養することができる。即ち、組織由来の間葉系幹細胞、株化された間葉系幹細胞等の間葉系幹細胞を馴化培地中で間葉系幹細胞を培養し、続いて非馴化培地中で間葉系幹細胞を培養することができる。
本発明の間葉系幹細胞由来微粒子は、間葉系幹細胞から得られる微粒子である。間葉系幹細胞由来微粒子は、間葉系幹細胞により産生される微粒子である。典型的には、微粒子は間葉系幹細胞から分泌される。
本発明における間葉系幹細胞由来微粒子は、間葉系幹細胞を馴化培地で拡大培養を行ってサブコンフルエント(あるいはコンフルエント)にし、新しい馴化培地へと交換してから、更に通常1~5日(例えば、1日、2~3日、3~4日)間培養を行って、その培養上清より回収することができる。
角膜上皮幹細胞は、増殖能(未分化性又はコロニー形成能)を有し、そして角膜上皮幹細胞特異的マーカーを発現する。角膜上皮幹細胞は、角膜上皮細胞に分化することができる。角膜と結膜の間の輪部には、角膜上皮細胞及び/又は角膜上皮幹細胞が存在する。
本発明の間葉系幹細胞由来微粒子が、角膜上皮幹細胞及び/又は角膜上皮細胞の増殖促進活性、角膜上皮幹細胞の未分化維持活性又は角膜上皮幹細胞のコロニー形成促進活性、或いは角膜上皮保護作用を有することについては、当業者に公知の手法により評価することができる。
角膜上皮幹細胞の増殖能は、例えば、本発明の間葉系幹細胞由来微粒子の存在下で、角膜上皮幹細胞を培養系へと播種し継代培養を行い、角膜上皮幹細胞が増殖することを確認することによって、評価することができるが、これに限定されない。角膜上皮幹細胞が増殖することは、継代培養でコロニーを形成することにより確認することができる。好ましくは、コロニーを形成することを確認するための継代培養は、フィーダー細胞(例えば、NIH/3T3細胞など)との共培養系で行なうこと、または、上皮系細胞や上皮幹細胞用の培地で行なうことができるが、これに限定されるものではない。前記増殖能は、自己複製能であることが好ましい。細胞が自己増殖能を有することの評価については、これに限定されるものではないが、例えば、細胞が増殖能を有することに加えて、増殖後の細胞が有する特質が継代培養によって変化しないことを指標とすることができる。
増殖能を有する角膜上皮幹細胞は、後述の角膜上皮幹細胞マーカーによって確認することができるが、これに限定されるものではない。
角膜上皮幹細胞マーカーを発現していることの具体的な検出方法は公知であるが、例えば、レポーター遺伝子の発現を検出するか、または免疫細胞化学による検出することができる。分化誘導を行なう多能性幹細胞に上記角膜上皮幹細胞マーカーのレポーター遺伝子(例えば、角膜上皮幹細胞マーカーをコードする遺伝子のプロモーター領域と、緑色蛍光タンパク質(GFP)等の蛍光タンパク質とを連結したレポーター遺伝子)を導入し、分化誘導後にレポーター遺伝子の発現を検出してもよい。抗体染色法を用いた顕微鏡観察による検出、セルソーター(フローサイトメーター)による細胞表面マーカーの検出などが例示される。
本発明は、間葉系幹細胞由来微粒子の存在下で培養することを特徴とする、角膜上皮幹細胞の培養方法にも関する。
(1)間葉系幹細胞由来微粒子の存在下で、角膜の輪部から採取した角膜上皮系細胞を培養する工程、および
(2)前記培養した細胞から、角膜上皮幹細胞を選択する工程。
本発明の角膜上皮細胞シートは、本発明の培養方法により得られる角膜上皮幹細胞および/または角膜上皮前駆細胞に由来する、角膜上皮細胞シートである。前記角膜上皮細胞シートは、角膜上皮細胞シートの重層化シートであってもよい。
本発明は、間葉系幹細胞由来微粒子を有効成分として含有する、角膜上皮疾患の予防又は治療剤にも関する。
脂肪由来間葉系幹細胞(AD-MSC)は、Poietics Adipose-derived stem cells( PT-5006、Lonza)を使用した。
ヒト角膜上皮系細胞(HCEC)は、以下のようにして調製した。ヒト輸入角膜(Sight Life、WA)の輪部からヒト角膜上皮系細胞を採取し、10cmdish(353003、Falcon)においてCnT-Prime、Epithelial Culture Medium(CnT-PR、CELLnTEC)を用いて37℃、5%CO2の環境下のインキュベーターにて培養し、70-90%の密度まで培養した。PBS(14190-144、Gibco)10mlで1回washした後、TrypLE Express(12605-010、Gibco)2mlで5~10分間、37℃、5%CO2のインキュベーター内にて酵素反応後、PBS8mlを添加して、遠心機(LC-230、TOMY)1300rpm、5分間遠心操作を行い、上清を除去した。ペレットをSTEM-CELLBANKER(CB046、ZENOAQ)を用いて1×106cells/mlとなるように懸濁し、使用時まで-150℃の冷凍庫に保管した。
AD-MSC培養およびエキソソーム回収のための培地は、MSCGM-CD BulletKit(00190632、Lonza)を使用した。
1.エキソソーム抽出用培養上清の回収
AD-MSC(PT-5006、Lonza)(Passage4~6)をT-75フラスコ(353136、Falcon)にて5000cells/cm2の密度にて13mlのMSCGM-CDを用いて37℃、5%CO2の環境下のインキュベーターで培養を行った。70-90%の密度に達したら新しい13mlMSCGM-CDへと交換し、それから3日間同様の環境下で培養を行い、その培養上清をエキソソーム単離用に回収した。エキソソームの単離に使用するまでは15mlチューブ(352096、Falcon)に分注して-80℃にて保管した。
以下の報告に従って超遠心を行った。参考にした方法を図1に示す。
(Thery, C., Amigorena, S., Raposo, G., & Clayton, A. (2006). Isolation and characterization of exosomes from cell culture supernatants and biological fluids. Current Protocols in Cell Biology / Editorial Board, Juan S. Bonifacino [et Al.], Chapter 3, Unit 3.22. doi:10.1002/0471143030.cb0322s30)
1.エキソソームの効果検討
フィーダーとして、24well plate(353047、Falcon)にマイトマイシンC(マイトマイシン注用 2mg、協和発酵キリン株式会社) 8μg/mlで2時間処理したNIH/3T3細胞を1.0×104cells/cm2として10%FBS DMEMを用いて播種した。サブコンフルエントになるまで10cmdishで培養したHCEC(passage=2)の培養上清を除き、PBS10mlでwash後、TrypLE Express(12605-010、Gibco)2mlを添加し37℃、5%CO2の環境下のインキュベーターにて酵素反応後細胞をはがし、PBS8 mlを添加して15 mlチューブへと移し、遠心機(LC-230、TOMY)にて1300rpmで室温で5分間遠心を行いHCECのペレットを調製し、それを5%FBS KCMにて懸濁後、200cells/wellとなるよう、NIH/3T3フィーダーの上へと播種した。培地量は合計300μl/wellとなるようにした。培地は2-3日に1度、合計3度交換し、エキソソームはそのたびに新しいものへと交換し、10日間同じ環境下で培養を続けた。エキソソームはBCAアッセイにより測定したタンパク量換算で20あるいは30μg/mlの濃度となるように5%FBS KCM培地で調整し処理を行った。
培養液を除去し、PBS500μlで1回洗い、10%ホルムアルデヒド緩衝液300μlを入れ2時間以上RTで固定した。その後、超純水500μlでwellを1回洗い、2%RhodamineB溶液300μlを加え、室温で30分間以上反応させた後、0.2M HClで1~3回ウェルを洗い、室温にて乾燥後、ウェルをスキャナー(GT-F740、EPSON)でスキャン、あるいはEVOS FL AUTO(Thermo Fisher Scientific)で撮影して、画像を得た(図2)。それを基にコロニー数を計測した。Colony-Forming Efficincy(CFE)(%)は「100×コロニー数/播種した細胞の数」で算出した。図3に示すようにコントールの細胞のCFEは、5.6%であり、エキソソーム処理した細胞のCFEは、9.1%であり、エキソソーム処理によって有意にコロニー形成が増加した。以上の結果から、AD-MSC由来のエキソソームはHCECのコロニー形成促進作用を有することが確認された。
スキャナーで取り込んだウェルの画像をImage J 1.45Sを用いて解析して、それぞれのコロニーの面積値を得た。結果を図4に示す。エキソソームによって、一つあたりのコロニーを大きくする効果があることが明らかとなった。このことからエキソソームがHCECのコロニーに対して細胞増殖促進活性を有していることが示された。
<統計解析>
統計解析はR version 3.1.1、EZR version 1.25を用いて行った。
1.K12の遺伝子発現解析
培養上清を除去後、PBS 500μlにて1度洗浄し、得られたHCECのコロニーをウェルごとにQIAzol Lysis Reagent(79306、QIAGEN)1ml添加して、TotalRNAを回収し、プロトコールにしたがって、total RNAを精製後、SuperScript III First-Strand Synthesis SuperMix for qRT-PCR (18080400、Thermo Fisher Scientific)を用いて逆転写反応を行い、cDNAを得た。GAPDH、およびK12のTaqMan(R)Gene Expression assay(それぞれ、Hs99999905_m1、Hs00165015_m1)を用いてApplied Biosystems 7500 Fastを使用し、リアルタイムPCR法を実施した。結果は比較Ct法を用いて、GAPDHの発現量に対する相対的量として示した。結果を図5に示す。
形成したコロニーをPBS500μlで1度洗い、-30℃で冷却したMeOH300μlで30分間、室温で固定した。その後5%NST(5%Normal Donkey Serum、0.3%Triton/TBS)300μlで1時間、室温でブロッキングを行い、1%NST(1%Normal donkey serum、0.3%Triton/TBS)で100倍に希釈したCytokeratin 12 Antibody(N-16)(SC-17098、Santa Cruz Biotechnology)300μlを加えて、3時間、室温で処理した。3回PBS300μlで洗った後、200倍に希釈したDonkey anti-Goat IgG(H+L) Secondary Antibody,Alexa Fluor 647 conjugate(A21447、Thermo Fisher Scientific)300μlを加えて、で1時間、室温で処理し、最後の10分間Hoechstで処理をし、核を染色した。3回PBS μlで洗った後、PBS 300 ulを加え、蛍光倒立顕微鏡AxioObserver D1(Carl Zeiss)で647の波長でサンプルを撮影した。結果を図6に示す。以上の結果から、HCECの分化マーカーに対するAD-MSC由来エキソソームの抑制作用が示された。
K3、K14、K15、p63(TP63)、N-cadherin(CDH2)、PAX6は、K12の遺伝子発現解析方法にしたがって行った。Taqman Gene Expression Assayは以下のものを用いた。K3(Hs00365080_m1)、K12(00165015_m1)、K14(Hs00559328_m1)、K15(Hs00267035_m1)、p63(Hs00978339_m1)、N-Cadherin(Hs00983056_m1)、PAX6(Hs00240871_m1)これらの結果を図5に示す。角膜上皮細胞の分化マーカーであるK3や分化の際に重要な役割を果たすPAX6などの発現を抑制する一方、角膜上皮幹細胞の幹細胞マーカーである、K14、K15、p63、N-Cadherinの発現は増加させることがわかった。以上のことからAD-MSC由来エキソソームは角膜上皮幹細胞の分化を抑制し、未分化な状態を維持することでコロニー形成の促進作用を示すことが示唆された。
・エキソソーム中タンパクのショットガン解析
前記の方法に従ってエキソソームペレットを得た。エキソソームペレットは10μlの100mMTris-HCl pH8.0に2%Sodium Deoxycholate(190-08313、Wako)、および1XProtease Inhibitor CocktailセットI(165-26021、Wako)を添加したものを加え、ボルテックス後4℃、O/Nで静置して懸濁した。。BCAアッセイキット(Pierse、23227)によるタンパク定量を行い、1μg/μlに希釈したもの10μlをショットガン解析に使用した。解析はQTRAP 5500(AB SCIEX)を使用した。
前記のエクソソームは、CD9、CD63、CD81、GAPDH,PKM、Enolase-1、40S ribosomal protein S2、S5、SA、S13、S23、S4、S16、S9、60S acidic ribosomal protein P0、P1、60S ribosomal protein L9、HSPB1、HSP7C、14-3-3 protein zeta/delta、epsilon、theta、beta/alpha、gamma、eta、Syntenin、TSG101、Actin Cytoplasmic-1、Cofilin-1、Annexin A1、A2、A5、A6、A7、A11、Rab-1B、7a、8B、11A、13、35、ICAM-1,Integrin alphaV、alpha-2、alpha-4、alpha-5、beta-1、beta-5を含むことが確認された。
骨髄由来間葉系幹細胞(BM)は、D10132(タカラ)、臍帯由来間葉系幹細胞(UC)はKW-4009(KURABO)ヒト正常皮膚繊維芽細胞(NHDF)はKF-4009(KURABO)を使用して、前記の方法によってAD-MSCを含むそれぞれの培養上清からエキソソームを単離した。コントロール群(CTL)では細胞を培養していないMSCGM-CDに対して同様の処理を行ったものを使用した。エキソソームペレットをProtease Inhibitor Cocktail Set I(Wako、165-26021)を添加したRIPA Lysis and buffer(89900、Thermo Fisher Scientific)10 ulを使用して懸濁した。微量超音波ホモジナイザーQSONICA Q125を用いて20%、5秒で処理してエキソソームを破砕し、4℃、15分間14,000Gで遠心して上清を回収した。BCAキット(Pierce、23227)によって上清のタンパク定量後、サンプルに4 x NuPAGE LDS Sample Buffer(Bio-Rad)4分の1量添加して70℃、10分間処理したヒートブロックで処理したサンプルをタンパク量換算で3 μgずつ4-12%のNuPAGE Novex Bis-Trisゲル(invitrogen)へとアプライし、SDS-PAGEを行った。iBlotシステム(Invitrogen)を用いてPVDFメンブレンに転写した後,5% skim milk/PBS中で室温にて1時間ブロッキングした。0.05% Tween20含有TBS(TBS-T)で5分間3回洗浄したメンブレンを4℃、オーバーナイトで一次抗体に反応させ,TBS-Tで5分間3回洗浄した後,二次抗体に室温で1時間反応させた。一次抗体には,抗CD63抗体(10628D、Thermo Fisher Scientific、1:1000希釈(TBS))を使用し、二次抗体には,HRP標識抗マウスIgG抗体(1:10,000倍希釈(TBS))を使用した.発光にはECL prime(GE healthcare Bio-Sciences)を使用し,ChemiDoc XRS(Bio-Rad)にて検出した。AD-MSC由来のエキソソームは、CD63を発現し、UC-MSC(臍帯由来の間葉系幹細胞)及びBM-MSC(骨髄由来の間葉系幹細胞)由来のエキソームも、AD-MSC由来のエキソソームより少ないものCD63を発現していた。これらのことから、他の細胞と比較し、AD-MSCがより多くのエキソソームを分泌している可能性が示唆された。
Claims (12)
- 角膜上皮幹細胞及び/又は角膜上皮細胞の増殖促進活性、角膜上皮幹細胞の未分化維持活性又は角膜上皮幹細胞のコロニー形成促進活性、或いは角膜上皮保護作用を有する、間葉系幹細胞由来微粒子。
- 間葉系幹細胞微粒子が、密度勾配遠心法による密度:1.13~1.19g/mLを有する、請求項1記載の間葉系幹細胞由来微粒子。
- 間葉系幹細胞微粒子がエキソソームである、請求項1又は2記載の間葉系幹細胞由来微粒子。
- 間葉系幹細胞由来微粒子を有効成分として含有する、角膜上皮幹細胞及び/又は角膜上皮細胞の増殖促進剤、角膜上皮幹細胞の未分化維持剤又は角膜上皮幹細胞のコロニー形成促進剤、或いは角膜上皮保護剤。
- 間葉系幹細胞由来微粒子を有効成分として含有する、角膜上皮疾患の予防又は治療剤。
- 角膜上皮疾患が、熱腐蝕、アルカリ腐蝕、酸腐蝕、薬剤毒性、Stevens-Johnson症候群、眼類天疱瘡、(再発)翼状片、遷延性角膜上皮欠損、角膜穿孔、角膜周辺部潰瘍、角膜潰瘍、エキシマレーザー術後の上皮剥離、放射線角膜症、無虹彩症、トラコーマ後角膜混濁、Salzmann角膜変性、角膜びらん、瞼球癒着、原因不明の角膜上皮の幹細胞の消失した疾患、輪部腫瘍、宿主対移植片疾患(GVHD)、角膜炎、点状表層角膜症、ドライアイ、乾性角結膜炎、角膜上皮幹細胞疲弊症、角膜ジストロフィー、糖尿病角膜症、及び角膜上皮障害からなる群より選択される、請求項5記載の角膜上皮疾患の予防又は治療剤。
- 角膜上皮疾患が、角膜上皮障害、点状表層角膜症、角膜びらん、角膜周辺部潰瘍、遷延性角膜上皮欠損、ドライアイ、エキシマレーザー術後の上皮剥離、熱腐蝕、アルカリ腐食、酸腐蝕、薬剤毒性、糖尿病角膜症、角膜上皮幹細胞疲弊症、Stevens-Johnson症候群、眼類天疱瘡、無虹彩症、原因不明の角膜上皮の幹細胞の消失した疾患、及び移植片対宿主病(GVHD)からなる群より選択される、請求項5記載の角膜上皮疾患の予防又は治療剤。
- 角膜上皮疾患が、角膜上皮障害、点状表層角膜症、角膜びらん、角膜周辺部潰瘍、遷延性角膜上皮欠損、ドライアイ、エキシマレーザー術後の上皮剥離、熱腐蝕、アルカリ腐食、酸腐蝕、薬剤毒性、糖尿病角膜症である、請求項5記載の角膜上皮疾患の予防又は治療剤。
- 角膜上皮幹細胞疲弊症が、外的要因、内的要因、先天的な欠損、又は腫瘍性疾患により引き起こされる、請求項8記載の角膜上皮疾患の予防又は治療剤。
- 間葉系幹細胞由来微粒子の存在下で培養することを特徴とする、角膜上皮幹細胞の培養方法。
- 請求項10記載の培養方法によって得られる、角膜上皮幹細胞及び/又は角膜上皮細胞。
- 角膜上皮幹細胞のコロニー形成を指標とする、角膜上皮疾患の予防又は治療剤のスクリーニング方法。
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| EP3333254C0 (en) | 2025-05-14 |
| HK1251903A1 (en) | 2019-04-26 |
| EP3333254A1 (en) | 2018-06-13 |
| JP6923134B2 (ja) | 2021-08-18 |
| CN107849535A (zh) | 2018-03-27 |
| US20190015452A1 (en) | 2019-01-17 |
| CN107849535B (zh) | 2022-11-22 |
| JPWO2017022809A1 (ja) | 2018-05-24 |
| EP3333254A4 (en) | 2019-05-08 |
| US11357798B2 (en) | 2022-06-14 |
| EP3333254B1 (en) | 2025-05-14 |
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