WO2016188995A1

WO2016188995A1 - Dental forceps for self-locking adjustable extraction

Info

Publication number: WO2016188995A1
Application number: PCT/EP2016/061685
Authority: WO
Inventors: Maria Teresa FILIPPUCCI
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-05-27
Filing date: 2016-05-24
Publication date: 2016-12-01
Anticipated expiration: 2017-11-27
Also published as: ITUB20151270A1

Abstract

Dental forceps for self-locking adjustable extraction comprising a fixed handle (200) that at one end supports a fixed jaw (210) provided on its front part with an extraction lip (700); a movable jaw (310) provided on its front part with a second extraction lip (700) and pivoted by means of a first cylindrical pin (330) to the fixed handle (200); a movable handle (300) pivoted to the movable jaw (310) by means of a second cylindrical pin (320); a tightening mechanism constituted by an adjustment screw (500) and by a release lever (600); and an efficient influence traction spring member (172) between the movable jaw (310) and the fixed handle (200).

Description

"Dental forceps for self-locking adjustable extraction"

Description

Field of the art

The present invention patent application generally refers to the field of medical/veterinary devices and more particularly regards an innovative reusable forceps for surgical extraction. The invention is applicable to any field, where one such device type can be advantageously used, but preferably this regards the dental field and more specifically that of dental extractions.

Prior art

Dental extraction is the surgical procedure with which a tooth or a root is removed from the oral cavity. The most frequent cause is the impossibility of a valid recovery of the tooth element that has been compromised by a dental pathology, or the need to create space for the remaining teeth. With the considerable development of implantology - where by dental implantology it is intended that set of surgical techniques adapted to functionally rehabilitate a patient affected by total or partial edentulism by means of the use of dental implants, i.e. devices, metallic or otherwise, surgically inserted in the mandibular or maxillary bone - it has by now also become common practice to extract the aforesaid osteo-integrated implants. In the prior art, there are multiple technologies and devices used for effectively carrying out the extractions of teeth, implants, abutments or simple implant screws from the oral cavity. Nevertheless, as the men skilled in the art know, in the case of dental extraction it is necessary to operate by means of a suitable lever and/or firmly grasp the tooth and apply a sufficient force able to carry out the luxation of the periodontal ligament that retains the root to the alveolar bone. The application of the aforesaid force in reality, in order to be effective, must be rather strong while always necessarily controlled, continuous and oriented in desired directions so as to avoid fractures of the roots or damage to the surrounding bone structures, and it can vary for periods comprised between a few minutes up to 20 or more minutes. In such situation, among the greatest risks, there is that for which after several minutes of application of said luxation force during extraction, the medical operator has difficulty in maintaining constant said application force, and excess or not-enough force could compromise the extraction, in some cases even causing the fracture of the tooth itself, as stated above. Such situation is also exacerbated by people with lesser physical strength, such as female medical personnel - who could particularly benefit from the aspects of the present invention.

In light of that stated above, the present invention arises from the need to obtain improved dental extraction, considering that currently the dental extraction technique aids implantology: for the achievement of which and hence for making possible the subsequent efficient osteo-integratable implant, the alveolar bone is typically preserved as much as possible during extraction.

Hence, one object of the present finding generally consists of making a medical device with specific characteristics that render it directly applicable in the practice of dental extraction. One more particular object is to provide a forceps for dental extraction that is innovative in the field, which is totally efficient in grasping and extracting the tooth or implant, and simultaneously creating the least possible trauma for the alveolar bone that houses the tooth. Another particular object is to make an extractive forceps capable of firmly grasping the tooth and remaining tightened in this position without it being necessary for the medical operator to continuously apply force. This will enable an easier, less strenuous extraction, without having to continuously measure the force applied to the tooth, concentrating the attention and the force only on the slow and delicate luxation of the periodontal ligament. Other advantages of the invention will be clear from the detailed description of an exemplifying and non-limiting embodiment thereof, illustrated hereinbelow.

Description of the invention The present invention refers to a dental forceps for self-locking adjustable extraction, i.e. a dental forceps that can be firmly maintained in a locked and tightened position on the tooth. Such aforesaid condition will be innovatively verified without the continuous application of a force by the medical operator, which in turn will only concentrate his/her attention and force on the slow and delicate luxation of the periodontal ligament.

The innovative concept underlying the present invention therefore consists of providing that the medical operator - during extraction of a tooth or an implant or an osteo-integrated implant portion, whether this is an intraosseous screw and/or the relative abutment - will use said inventive forceps in a manner so as to facilitate the extraction phase.

Currently, the indispensable need to make subsequent post-extraction osteo-integrated implants has created the need to protect, during extraction, the alveolar bone and the tissues surrounding the tooth as much as possible. The present invention arises directly from this need, creating a forceps capable of effectively grasping the tooth and maintaining it tightened with a force that is effective, constant and predetermined by the medical operator, preventing fractures and/or breakage of the tooth itself and hence allowing an extraction that is as non-traumatic as possible both for the patient and for the tissues surrounding the extracted body, yet allowing a less strenuous operation for the medical operator who will only have to concentrate on the excision of the periodontal ligament.

Another, not less essential object of the present finding is also that of achieving its main objects, consisting of a greater effectiveness or ease of application/use, making it possible for a medical worker having lesser physical strength, such as a female worker, to carry out a dental extraction, even a complicated one.

Another object of the present invention consists of obtaining an inventive forceps capable of facilitating operation even in the case of extractions that are considered complicated, carried out for example directly on the roots or on teeth in which only a small portion emerges outside the alveolar bone or even if the teeth are fractured/decayed and/or have considerable size.

A further objective is to propose a dental forceps for self-locking adjustable extraction that can be achieved on an industrial scale, whose components are of standard type and can be easily found on the market, and whose production is fully sustainable from an economical and environmental standpoint.

With regard to the materials constituting said inventive dental extraction forceps, they can be selected by the man skilled in the art so as to meet the technical characteristics in this particular field, including solidity, strength, anti-corrosiveness, ease of sterilization and lightness; nevertheless, said materials can comprise those of metal type, preferably including stainless steel.

Regarding the dimensions of said inventive dental extraction forceps, it should be stated that these are merely indicative and non-limiting of the invention, since the constituent technical characteristics make the forceps adaptable for a non-limiting use in the oral cavity. Nevertheless, the dimensions can be expressed and overall summarized with regard to width in a range comprised between 2 cm and 10 cm and more preferably is 4 cm while with regard to the longitudinal dimension of the forceps in a range comprised between 6 cm and 30 cm and more preferably is 20 cm.

Other characteristics of the present invention are described in the following detailed description of one or more specific embodiments, protected by the various dependent claims.

Brief description of the drawings

The preceding advantages, as well as other advantages and characteristics of the present finding, will be illustrated with reference to the Figures enclosed with the present patent application, in which:

FIGURE 1 is a plan view of a partially sectioned side of the dental forceps for self-locking adjustable extraction according to the present invention in open position;

FIGURE 2 is a perspective view of the inventive dental forceps shaped with common lip with profile for extraction of the wisdom teeth;

FIGURE 3 is a perspective view of the inventive dental forceps shaped with common lip with profile for extraction of the upper molars; FIGURE 4 is a plan view of a partially sectioned side of the inventive dental forceps in closed position;

FIGURE 5 is a perspective view of the alternative embodiment of the inventive dental forceps lacking the interchangeable lips;

FIGURE 6a shows the interchangeable elements of the alternative embodiment of fig. 5 with semi-cylindrical shaped lips;

FIGURE 6b shows the interchangeable elements of the alternative embodiment of fig. 5 with conventional shaped lips.

As stated above, it should be underlined that the borders, shapes and areas shown in the aforesaid Figures must be not considered as limiting the invention, since this is preferably aimed for any type, dimension, diameter, color and shape so long as it does not depart from the intrinsic concept of dental forceps for self-locking adjustable extraction.

Preferred embodiments of the invention

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the Figures and to a preferred embodiment shown therein, in which identical reference numbers were used for the same components.

As shown in Figs. 1-4, the inventive dental forceps for self-locking adjustable extraction comprises a fixed handle 200 that at one end supports the fixed jaw 210 provided on the front part with the extraction lip 700, a movable jaw 310, provided on the front part with the second extraction lip 700, pivoted by means of a first cylindrical pin 330 to the fixed handle 200, a movable handle 300 pivoted to the movable jaw 310 by means of a second cylindrical pin 320, a tightening mechanism constituted by the adjustment screw 500 and by the connection body 550 pivoted by means of one end with the cylindrical pin 560 to the movable handle 300 and with the other slidable end 530 placed in free contact both with the internal portion of the fixed handle 200 and with the adjustment screw 500 and finally a release lever 600, pivoted by means of the pin 610 to the movable handle 300. The aforesaid inventive dental extraction forceps has an oval opening 240 on the movable jaw 310 in a manner such that, during the use of the forceps themselves, said first cylindrical pin 330 is freely movable in said oval opening 240. More specifically, the aforesaid first cylindrical pin 330 will retreat into said oval opening 240, thus preventing the twisting moment or rather the tangential sliding which during closing and locking would take place between the two extraction lips 700, due specifically to the anterograde movement caused by the aforesaid movable handle 300 connected to the movable jaw 310 and hence allowing, during the entire closing and locking phase of the inventive forceps, the perfect complementarity between the two aforesaid extraction lips 700. As can be observed in Figs. 3-4, studies during design phase showed that the perfect operation of the finding will only occur when this is made in a manner such that the angle a subtended between the axis of the aforesaid oval opening 240 and the line extended through the center of the two jaws (shown in closed position) is approximately comprised between 20 degrees and 10 degrees and more preferably equal to 15 degrees.

With regard to the extraction lips 700, as can be observed in detail in Figs. 2 and 3 - where the inventive forceps are represented respectively shaped with common lips with profile for extraction of the wisdom teeth and with common lips with profile for extraction of the upper molars - it must be referred that these do not constitute an integral part of the present invention since the relative profiles will be made similar to any of the common profiles of the dental extraction lips existing in the prior art, i.e. to the lips each shaped so as to be adapted to the anatomic conformation of the teeth themselves.

The aforesaid tightening mechanism, constituted by said adjustment screw 500 and by said connection body 550 shaped with the protrusion 580, will overall constitute a toggle lever capable, when the forceps are closed, of effectively locking the movable jaw 310 in a predetermined position with respect to the fixed jaw 210. The aforesaid locking mechanism by means of toggle lever can be easily removed by acting on said release lever 600, which will engage, lifting, the aforesaid protrusion 580.

For such purpose, said adjustment screw 500 screwable in the internal portion of the fixed handle 200 will engage the slidable end 530 of said connection body 550, and the aforesaid adjustment due to the contact of said protrusion 580 with the internal portion of said movable handle 300 and the release lever 600 will adjust the space that one wishes to create between the aforesaid two extraction lips 700.

Further device capable of completing and enabling the operation of the inventive forceps is the presence of an efficient influence member 172, of common traction spring type, which is extended between the eyelet 340 placed on the rear portion of the movable jaw 310 and the eyelet 250 placed on the intermediate internal portion of the fixed handle 200, in a manner so as to ensure both the continuous contact between the aforesaid adjustment screw 500 and the slidable end 530 of the connection body 550 and to ensure the perfect complementarity between the aforesaid two extraction lips 700.

The operation of the device, object of the present invention, will now be described, always with reference to an actual application. The medical operator during extraction phase, when the use of the forceps will be necessary, must previously adjust the space that will remain between the extraction lips 700 of the forceps in closed position. Such aforesaid adjustment will allow the operator to firmly grasp the tooth or implant and easily extract the tooth by only applying the force for the luxation of the periodontal ligament or excision of the implant and without having to continuously measure the force imparted for grasping the tooth/implant, as would occur with a common extraction forceps. Such adjustment of the inventive forceps, therefore, will allow grasping the tooth or implant much more firmly and due to the application of a pre-established maximum calibrated force, and with the minimum effort in making only the luxation force, making a more facilitated extraction, as nontraumatic as possible both for the patient and for the tissues surrounding the tooth or implant. In addition, the inventive dental forceps is extremely practical since it is anatomically shaped, i.e. modeled with an elongated shape, which on hand is adapted for introduction in the oral cavity and on the other is particularly comfortable in terms of grip and maneuverability for the user and hence will considerably facilitate the task, also for those workers who have lesser physical strength.

In addition, said inventive forceps, by virtue of its intrinsic characteristics, will make it possible to effectively and more easily operate even in the case of complicated extractions, those for example carried out directly on the roots or on teeth in which only a small portion emerges outside the alveolar bone or even if the teeth are fractured/decayed and/or have considerable size.

The present invention provides for further alternative embodiments corresponding with some variants of its structure and shape of its components.

For example, even if up to now the two extraction lips 700 have been described, integrally part of the relative fixed jaw 210 and of the movable jaw 310, an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as can be observed in Figs. 5 and 6, regards the capacity of making said inventive extraction forceps with interchangeable lips. In detail, the connection space 800 of the interchangeable lip 900 is obtained on the front portion both of the fixed jaw 210 and of the movable jaw 310 (Fig. 5). Specifically, said connection space 800 is prism-shaped preferably with hexagonal base; on the center of such base, a thread is longitudinally arranged that is adapted to create a helical coupling with the relative retention screw 930 of the interchangeable lip 900 shown in detail in Fig. 6 - thus to firmly retain the aforesaid interchangeable lip 900 firmly in place. Said alternative embodiment of the invention renders said inventive dental forceps particularly versatile. In particular, said interchangeable lips 900 are obtained with longitudinally hollow prismatic connection base 910, in whose cavity 950 the retention screw 930 is received which can in turn be screwed in the aforesaid longitudinal thread placed in the connection space 800. In addition, the part overlying the aforesaid connection base 910 is constituted by a profile of the lips 920 similar to that of the lips of the common dental forceps existing in the art, i.e. with the terminal portion that is adapted to the shape of the various teeth. Nevertheless, attention must be given to the interchangeable lips 900 shown in Fig. 6a, where totally innovative lip 920 profiles are illustrated, each constituted by internally knurled hollow semi-cylinders mainly but not exclusively used for effectively grasping the screws and/or the abutments of osteo-integrated implants. In particular the dimensions of these semi-cylinders can be variable and hence obtained with multiple diameters, since they will be such to be adapted to the most common screws or abutments of existing implants. In particular, once the two semi-circular lips are mated with the forceps in closed position, these lips must create a circumference useful for perfectly grasping the implant and hence they must be preferably shaped in multiple versions so as to constitute circumferences of 3.3 mm, 3.8 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm and 6 mm.

A further alternative embodiment of the present invention provides that at least one light source, preferably LED, capable of effectively lighting the oral cavity, is respectively installed on the fixed jaw 210 and/or on the movable jaw 310, and in which the accumulator/battery and the respective relative switch are housed in the internal portion of the fixed handle 200. Another alternative embodiment consists of obtaining, on the front end of the body 200 of the aforesaid inventive dental forceps, a seat suitable for housing at least one common micro-chamber adapted to film the extraction.

Still a further alternative embodiment geared for a more demanding clientele - or in any case for a more rigorous technical-operative use - consists of arranging accurate control and/or adjustment means specific for the pressure exerted between the two lips 700 during the closing phase. For such purpose, said dental extraction inventive forceps can be provided with a suitably selected common pressure indicator and/or with a common load cell adapted to show, on a suitable display, the pressure exerted by the two extraction lips 700 when gripping. A further alternative embodiment consists of providing the aforesaid dental extraction forceps with an acoustic alarm adapted to indicate the exceeding of a predetermined value of tightening of the two lips 700.

A further aspect, alongside all the technical solutions described up to now, but of particular importance in the obtainment of the invention, is that notwithstanding the field of application of the present invention tends towards the field of medical devices, this must not be considered limiting, since the invention can also be effectively geared for the veterinary field.

Of course, the information provided herein is merely exemplifying and only non-limiting of the scope of the present invention, since it only serves to allow a man skilled in the art to be able to understand some possible applications and embodiments of the finding. That described will serve to extend rather than limit the contents of the present invention, and different, obvious modifications can be made to the preceding description without departing from its protective scope as defined by the following dependent claims.

Claims

Dental forceps for self-locking adjustable extraction comprising a fixed handle (200) that at one end supports the fixed jaw (210) provided on the front part with the extraction lip (700), comprising a movable jaw (310) provided on the front part with the second extraction lip (700) and pivoted by means of a first cylindrical pin (330) to the fixed handle (200), comprising a movable handle (300) pivoted to the movable jaw (310) by means of a second cylindrical pin (320), comprising a tightening mechanism constituted by the finely adjustable graduated adjustment screw (500) and by the connection body (550) pivoted by means of one end with the cylindrical pin (560) to the movable handle (300) and with the other slidable end (530) placed in free contact both with the internal portion of the fixed handle (200) and with the graduated adjustment screw (500), comprising a release lever (600) pivoted by means of the pin (610) to the movable handle (300) and finally comprising an efficient influence member (172), of common traction spring type, which is extended between the eyelet (340) placed on the rear portion of the movable jaw (310) and the eyelet (250) placed on the intermediate internal portion of the fixed handle (200).

Dental extraction forceps according to claim 1, characterized in that the aforesaid tightening mechanism, constituted by said graduated adjustment screw (500) and by said connection body (550) shaped with the protrusion (580), as a whole constitutes a toggle lever capable, when the forceps are closed, of effectively locking the first extraction lip (700) in a predetermined position with respect to the second extraction lip (700) and in that the aforesaid locking mechanism, by means of toggle lever, can be easily removed by operating on said release lever (600), which will engage, lifting, the aforesaid protrusion (580).

3. Dental extraction forceps according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that an oval opening (240) is present on the movable jaw (310) in a manner such that the first cylindrical pin (330) is freely movable or better yet recedes into said oval opening (240) during the closing and locking of the forceps, characterized in that the angle a subtended between the axis of the aforesaid oval opening (240) and the line that is extended through the center of the two jaws is approximately comprised between 20 degrees and 10 degrees and more preferably equal to 15 degrees.

4. Dental extraction forceps according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is shaped in multiple versions, each of which constituted with different extraction lips (700), in that the aforesaid different extraction lips (700) are obtained with profiles similar to any from among the common extraction profiles existing in the art.

5. Dental extraction forceps according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is shaped in multiple versions each of which constituted with different extraction lips (700) in which the terminal portion is adapted for the anatomic conformation of the various teeth.

6. Dental extraction forceps according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the front portion both of the fixed jaw (210) and of the movable jaw (310), the connection space (800) of the interchangeable lip (900) is obtained, in that said connection space (800) is prism-shaped preferably with hexagonal base, and a thread that is adapted to create a helical coupling with the retention screw (930) of the interchangeable lip (900) is longitudinally arranged on the center of such base, in that said interchangeable lips (900) are obtained with the longitudinally hollow prismatic connection base (910), in whose cavity (950) retention screw (930) is received that can in turn be screwed into the aforesaid longitudinal thread placed in the connection space (800) and finally in that the portion overlying said connection base (910) is constituted by a profile of the lips (920) similar to that of the lips of the common dental extraction forceps existing in the art, i.e. with the end part that is adapted to the shape of the various teeth.

7. Dental extraction forceps according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the profiles of the lips (920) are each constituted by internally knurled hollow semi- cylinders, in that said semi-cylindrical interchangeable lips (900) are obtained in multiple versions of different sizes, in that the profiles of the lips (920) are each constituted by semi-cylinders and finally in that the size of the two hollow semi- cylinders, once mated with the forceps in closed position, will be such to create a circumference of 3.3 mm and/or 3.8 mm and/or 4 mm and/or 5 mm and/or 6 mm.

8. Dental extraction forceps according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one light source, preferably LED, capable of effectively lighting the oral cavity is respectively installed on the fixed jaw (210) and/or on the movable jaw (310) and in that the accumulator/battery and the relative switch are housed in the internal portion of the fixed handle (200).

9. Dental extraction forceps according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it can be made of any one solid, polymer or metal material, or any one metal alloy.

10. Dental extraction forceps according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is anatomic- shaped, i.e. modeled with an elongated shape which on one hand is adapted for introduction into the oral cavity and on the other is particularly comfortable in terms of grip and maneuverability for the user, and characterized in that the dimensions can be expressed with regard to width in a range comprised between 2 cm and 10 cm and more preferably is 4 cm while with regard to the longitudinal dimension of the forceps in a range comprised between 6 cm and 30 cm and more preferably is 20 cm.

11. Dental extraction forceps according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it can be used in the medical, dental and veterinary medical field.

12. Dental extraction forceps according to all the preceding claims, provided with a common pressure indicator and/or with a common suitably selected load cell adapted to show, on a suitable display, the pressure exerted by the two extraction lips (700) when gripping.

13. Dental extraction forceps according to claim 12 wherein said dental forceps is provided with an acoustic alarm adapted to indicate the exceeding of a predetermined value of tightening of the two lips (700).

14. Dental extraction forceps according to the preceding claims wherein a seat adapted to house at least one common micro-chamber capable of filming the extraction is obtained on the front end of the body (200).