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WO2016163338A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un élément optique, élément optique, programme d'inspection des propriétés de vision des couleurs, appareil d'inspection, et ensemble d'images d'inspection de vision des couleurs - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un élément optique, élément optique, programme d'inspection des propriétés de vision des couleurs, appareil d'inspection, et ensemble d'images d'inspection de vision des couleurs Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016163338A1
WO2016163338A1 PCT/JP2016/061035 JP2016061035W WO2016163338A1 WO 2016163338 A1 WO2016163338 A1 WO 2016163338A1 JP 2016061035 W JP2016061035 W JP 2016061035W WO 2016163338 A1 WO2016163338 A1 WO 2016163338A1
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light
image
projection
light intensity
wavelength range
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
雅文 矢野
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Iris Communication KK
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Iris Communication KK
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Priority to JP2017510979A priority Critical patent/JP6850952B2/ja
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/02—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient
    • A61B3/06—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing light sensitivity, e.g. adaptation; for testing colour vision

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optical element manufacturing method, an optical element, a color vision characteristic inspection program, an inspection apparatus, and a color vision inspection image set.
  • Color blindness is known as an obstacle related to human vision.
  • Color blindness includes, for example, color blindness, color weakness, and photosensitivity that makes the light feel dazzling, with low sensitivity to light in a specific wavelength band.
  • These color vision abnormalities are caused by the sensitivity of the three cone cells (S cone cell, M cone cell, L cone cell) on the patient's retina being higher or lower than that of a healthy person.
  • S cone cells, M cone cells, and L cone cells are cells that respond to blue, green, and red light, respectively.
  • As a method for correcting color vision abnormality a method using an optical element (color lens) whose light transmission characteristics are adjusted according to a patient is known. The patient can correct the color blindness by wearing glasses having color lenses with adjusted characteristics.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-18819
  • Patent Document 1 describes a method of manufacturing eyeglasses for classifying a color vision characteristic of a patient. Yes.
  • the color vision characteristics are classified into 32 types based on the examination results of the color vision characteristics of a plurality of patients. The patient is examined to see which of the 32 color vision characteristics corresponds to the color vision characteristic. By determining the characteristics of the color lens based on the inspection result, the color vision abnormality of the patient is corrected.
  • Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-116601
  • Patent Document 2 describes a color vision characteristic inspection method for displaying a color vision abnormality inspection image on a monitor.
  • an inspection image subjected to filter processing according to the characteristics of a color lens is displayed on a monitor.
  • the patient selects a color vision characteristic of the patient by selecting an image from which a character in the examination image can be distinguished from among a plurality of examination images displayed on the monitor.
  • Patent Document 3 JP 2013-70774 A (hereinafter referred to as “Patent Document 3”) describes a method for inspecting color vision characteristics using an LED (Light Emitting Diode).
  • a reference white LED light source and a comparative LED light source capable of individually changing the intensity of red, blue, and green light are arranged side by side.
  • the color vision characteristics of the patient are determined based on the intensities of red, blue, and green when the light emitted from the white LED light source and the light emitted from the comparative LED light source appear to be the same color.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an optical element manufacturing method and an optical element that correct a color vision abnormality with a low load on a patient, and a color vision characteristic inspection program, An inspection apparatus and a color vision inspection image set are provided.
  • the optical element manufacturing method is obtained by transmitting or reflecting light from the original image when the original image formed of at least two colors is irradiated with light in the first wavelength range.
  • the original image is transmitted or Obtaining a second monochrome image corresponding to the intensity distribution of light obtained by reflection, irradiating light to the first monochrome image and the second monochrome image, and the first irradiated with light.
  • the first projection light obtained by transmission or reflection from one monochrome image and the second projection light obtained by transmission or reflection from the second monochrome image irradiated with light are different from each other.
  • the first projection light and the second projection light to have at least one of the first projection light and the second projection light, and the light spectrum adjustment step.
  • An optical element irradiates light to a first image and a second image, and includes first projection light obtained by transmission or reflection from the first image irradiated with light. At least one of the first projection light and the second projection light so that the second projection light obtained by transmission or reflection from the second image irradiated with light has a different light spectrum.
  • By adjusting the optical spectrum of the first projection light and the second projection light that have different optical spectra by adjusting the optical spectrum, or by alternately displaying the first projection light and the second projection light. Displaying the composite projection image, and setting the initial setting value of the light intensity of the first projection light and the initial setting value of the light intensity of the second projection light as the reference light intensity M and the reference light intensity N, respectively.
  • a first optical element that adjusts the light intensity in the first wavelength range of transmitted light to X / M, where the light intensity of the projection light 2 is light intensity X and light intensity Y, respectively;
  • a second optical element that adjusts the light intensity in a second wavelength range different from the first wavelength range to Y / N.
  • An inspection program includes a step of obtaining a first image and a second image, a step of irradiating light on the first image and the second image, and the step of irradiating light
  • the first projection light obtained by transmission or reflection from the first image and the second projection light obtained by transmission or reflection from the second image irradiated with light have different light spectra.
  • the first projection light having different light spectra by adjusting the light spectrum of at least one of the first projection light and the second projection light and adjusting the light spectrum.
  • displaying the composite projection image by superimposing and displaying the second projection light or alternately displaying the reference projection light intensity M of the first projection light and the second projection light.
  • An inspection program for causing a computer to execute a method including a step of obtaining a light intensity X of first projection light and a light intensity Y of second projection light.
  • An inspection apparatus includes an image setting unit that sets a first image and a second image, a light input unit that irradiates light to the first image and the second image, The first projection light obtained by transmission or reflection from the first image irradiated with light and the second projection light obtained by transmission or reflection from the second image irradiated with light are mutually
  • the optical spectrum adjustment unit that adjusts the optical spectrum of at least one of the first projection light and the second projection light so as to have different optical spectra and the optical spectrum adjustment unit have different optical spectra.
  • an image projecting unit that displays a composite projection image by displaying the first projection light and the second projection light superimposed on each other or alternately.
  • the color vision test image set according to an embodiment of the present invention is obtained by transmitting or reflecting light from the original image when light of the first wavelength range is irradiated to the original image formed of at least two kinds of colors.
  • an optical element manufacturing method and an optical element that correct color vision abnormalities with a small load on a patient a color vision characteristic inspection program, an inspection apparatus, and a color vision inspection image set.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a color vision inspection apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2A is a diagram showing an original image according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2B is a diagram showing an inspection image according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2C is a diagram showing an inspection image according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing characteristics of the red filter and the green filter used when the slide according to the first embodiment of the present invention is manufactured.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the color vision inspection method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is an absorption spectrum of a pyramidal cell of a reference subject having normal color vision.
  • FIG. 5 is an absorption spectrum of a pyramidal cell of a reference subject having normal color vision.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an optical element to which a color coating according to the first embodiment of the present invention has been applied.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an optical element mixed with a staining agent according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a color vision inspection apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a color vision inspection apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a color vision inspection apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a color vision inspection apparatus according to a modification of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12A is a diagram showing an original image according to a modification of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12B is a diagram showing an inspection image according to a modification of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12C is a diagram showing an inspection image according to a modification of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a color vision inspection apparatus according to a modification of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the two-color experiment is an experiment related to human color vision.
  • an image slide (positive film) R obtained by photographing a subject through a red filter and an image slide (positive film) G obtained through a green filter are used.
  • the images of the slides R and G are monochrome images represented in gray scale according to the light intensity distribution of the photographed subject image.
  • the slide R is irradiated with red light and projected onto the screen.
  • the slide G is irradiated with white light and projected onto the screen.
  • a composite projection image in which a projection image having only a red wavelength component and a projection image having a white wavelength component are superimposed is displayed on the screen.
  • the light intensity of the two projected images projected on the screen is appropriately adjusted according to the subject who observes the composite projected image. Then, the subject recognizes the composite projection image as a full-color image including blue and green.
  • the subject recognizes blue and green colors with respect to the projection image synthesized by the red and white light. For this reason, the color vision of the subject is considered to be greatly related to the cognitive function of the brain, not just the linear addition of light of the three primary colors (red, green, and blue).
  • the present invention relates to a method of inspecting a subject's color vision by applying a two-color experiment and producing an optical element that matches the subject's color vision.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a color vision inspection apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the color vision inspection apparatus 1 includes a first image projection unit 100, a second image projection unit 200, and a controller 300.
  • the controller 300 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 301, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 302, and a ROM 303 (Read Only Memory).
  • the CPU 301 executes a program 304 stored in the ROM 303.
  • the RAM 302 is used as a temporary data storage area when the CPU 301 executes the program 304.
  • the program 304 includes an application for controlling the color vision inspection device, an OS (Operating System), and the like.
  • the controller 300 controls the operations of the first image projection unit 100 and the second image projection unit 200, transmits and receives data to and from the first image projection unit 100 and the second image projection unit 200, and the like.
  • the controller 300 is an information processing apparatus such as a personal computer or a mobile terminal device.
  • the first image projection unit 100 and the second image projection unit 200 project the first projection image and the second image projection image on the screen 400, respectively.
  • the first projection image and the second projection image are synthesized on the screen 400.
  • the synthesized projection image synthesized on the screen 400 the test of color vision of the subject 500 having color vision abnormality is performed.
  • the first image projection unit 100 and the second image projection unit 200 include a projector 110 and a projector 210 that project light, respectively.
  • the projectors 110 and 210 have light sources 111 and 211.
  • the light emitted from the light sources 111 and 211 is preferably white light.
  • xenon lamps are used for the light sources 111 and 211.
  • the first image projection unit 100 and the second image projection unit 210 may share one projector. In this case, the light projected from one projector is divided into two by a half mirror or the like. The divided light is supplied to the first image projection unit 100 and the second image projection unit 200.
  • the first image projection unit 100 further includes an image setting unit 120, a light intensity adjustment unit 130, a light intensity measurement unit 140, and a light filtering unit 150.
  • the second image projection unit 200 further includes an image setting unit 220, a light intensity adjustment unit 230, and a light intensity measurement unit 240.
  • the image setting units 120 and 220 include monochrome slides 121 and 221 that modulate the intensity distribution of transmitted light, respectively.
  • a first inspection image projected as a first projection image is formed on the slide 121.
  • a second inspection image projected as a second projection image is formed on the slide 221.
  • Each of the slides 121 and 221 is produced by photographing an original image prepared in advance through a filter.
  • a figure of Ishihara color vision test is used for the original image.
  • the figure of the Ishihara color vision test is a diagram generally used in the examination of color vision abnormalities.
  • the illustration of the Ishihara color vision test is colored so that characters (for example, numbers) can be recognized when color vision is normal or when color vision abnormality is appropriately corrected.
  • FIG. 2A shows the original image 10.
  • 2B and 2C show the first inspection image 11 formed on the slide 121 and the second inspection image 12 formed on the slide 221, respectively.
  • the slide 121 of the image setting unit 120 is created based on a photographed image obtained by photographing the original image 10 through a red filter.
  • the slide 221 of the image setting unit 220 is created based on a photographed image obtained by photographing the original image 10 through a green filter.
  • the original image 10 used for producing the slide 221 is the same as the original image 10 used for producing the slide 121. When photographing the original image 10, it is desirable that the original image 10 is illuminated with white light.
  • the original image 10 is illuminated with sunlight or the like having a uniform spectral intensity distribution, rather than white LED light having a nonuniform spectral intensity distribution.
  • the first inspection image 11 on the slide 121 is a monochrome image representing the light intensity distribution of the red component in the original image 10.
  • the second inspection image 12 on the slide 221 is a monochrome image representing the light intensity distribution of the green component in the original image 10.
  • the inspection images of the slides 121 and 221 are projected on the screen 400 by the projectors 110 and 210.
  • Each slide 121, 221 is preferably a positive slide in order to project the image onto the screen 400 without inverting the color.
  • FIG. 3 shows the characteristics (transmission spectrum) of the red filter and the green filter used for photographing the original image 10 when the slides 121 and 221 are produced.
  • the horizontal axis in FIG. 3 indicates the wavelength, and the vertical axis indicates the transmittance of each filter.
  • the wavelength range showing the high transmittance of each filter need not be strictly defined.
  • the red filter only needs to have a characteristic that allows a subject having normal color vision to recognize light transmitted through the red filter as red.
  • the green filter should just have the characteristic that the test subject who has normal color vision can recognize the light which permeate
  • the light filtering unit 150 of the first image projection unit 100 is a red filter that transmits only light in the red wavelength band.
  • the optical filtering unit 150 is provided only in the first image projecting unit 100, and the second image projecting unit 200 does not have an optical filtering unit.
  • the light spectrum (spectral intensity distribution) of the first projection image is different from that of the second projection image.
  • the first projection image has only a component in the red wavelength band, while the second projection image is white light having flat spectral characteristics in the visible light band.
  • the light intensity adjusting units 130 and 230 adjust the intensity of the transmitted light.
  • a pair of polarizing plates is used for the light intensity adjusting units 130 and 230. By rotating one of the pair of polarizing plates around the optical axis, the light transmittance with respect to the light intensity adjusting units 130 and 230 can be changed, and the intensity of the transmitted light can be adjusted.
  • the light intensity adjusting units 130 and 230 are not limited to a pair of polarizing plates.
  • the light intensity adjusting units 130 and 230 may be ND (Neutral Density) filters.
  • the light intensity measuring units 140 and 240 measure the intensity of light projected from the projectors 110 and 210 to the screen 400, respectively.
  • an optical sensor is used for the light intensity measuring units 140 and 240.
  • the optical sensor is disposed on the optical path of the light projected on the screen 400. At this time, for example, the optical sensor is arranged in the peripheral portion of the projection light so as not to make a shadow on the projection image on the screen 400.
  • the light intensity adjusting units 130 and 230 may also serve as the light intensity measuring units 140 and 240.
  • the light transmittance with respect to a pair of polarizing plates changes according to the rotational phase difference of one polarizing plate with respect to the other polarizing plate. For example, the light transmittance is highest when the rotational phase difference is 0 degree, and the light transmittance is substantially zero when the rotational phase difference is 90 degrees.
  • the light transmittance with respect to the light intensity adjusting units 130 and 230 can be calculated from the rotational phase difference. Therefore, by measuring the intensity of light incident on the light intensity adjusting units 130 and 230 in advance, the intensity of light transmitted through the light intensity adjusting units 130 and 230 can be calculated from the rotational phase difference.
  • the light projected from the projector 110 of the first image projection unit 100 passes through the image setting unit 120, the light filtering unit 150, and the light intensity adjustment unit 130, and is projected onto the screen 400.
  • the inspection image of the slide 121 of the image setting unit 120 is projected on the screen 400 while being limited to the red wavelength band.
  • the image setting unit 120, the light filtering unit 150, and the light intensity adjusting unit 130 may be arranged side by side on the optical path, and may be arranged in any order.
  • the light projected from the second image projection unit 200 projector 210 passes through the image setting unit 220 and the light intensity adjustment unit 230 and is projected onto the screen 400.
  • the inspection image of the slide 221 of the image setting unit 220 is projected onto the screen 400.
  • the second image projection unit 200 does not have an optical filtering unit, the light projected on the screen 400 is white.
  • the image setting unit 220 and the light intensity adjustment unit 230 need only be arranged side by side on the optical path, and may be arranged in any order.
  • the projection image (first projection image) projected by the first image projection unit 100 and the projection image (second projection image) projected by the second image projection unit 200 are combined on the screen 400. At this time, the first projection image and the second projection image are adjusted so that there is no deviation and the size is the same.
  • FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of the color vision inspection method in the first embodiment.
  • the color vision inspection method shown in the flowchart of FIG. 4 is started when the CPU 301 executes the program 304.
  • processing step S101 a set of slides 121 and 221 is prepared based on the original image 10.
  • the slides 121 and 221 used in this embodiment are not limited to one set.
  • a plurality of sets of slides 121 and 221 may be prepared based on each of a plurality of original images having different drawn characters and colors.
  • the slides 121 and 221 are mounted on the image setting units 120 and 220, and the first projection image and the second projection image are projected on the screen 400.
  • the first projection image is limited to the red wavelength band and projected by the optical filtering unit 150.
  • the second projected image is projected as white light.
  • the first projection image and the second projection image are combined on the screen 400 so that they appear as one image.
  • the reference light intensity M of the first projection image and the reference light intensity N of the second projection image that are the reference are acquired.
  • the reference light intensities M and N are determined based on the color vision of the reference subject 501 with normal color vision, for example. Specifically, a person who examines color vision in the state in which the reference subject 501 is looking at the composite projection image projected on the screen 400 (hereinafter referred to as “inspector”) uses the light intensity adjustment units 130 and 230.
  • the light intensity of one projection image and the light intensity of the second projection image are individually changed.
  • the light intensity of the first projection image (reference light intensity) M and the light of the second projection image can be recognized most clearly by the reference subject 510 among the combinations of the light intensities of the projection images.
  • a combination of intensity (reference light intensity) N is recorded.
  • the condition under which the reference subject 501 can recognize the character most clearly is, for example, the condition under which the reference subject 501 can visually recognize the difference between the color of the character and the background color most strongly. This condition corresponds to a condition in which the subject recognizes the composite projection image as a full-color image in the land two-color experiment.
  • the reference light intensity M and the reference light intensity N are average values of values obtained by examination of a plurality of reference subjects 501.
  • the reference light intensity M and the reference light intensity N obtained by the color vision inspection of the reference subject 501 are input to the controller 300 by the inspector.
  • the controller 300 may acquire the reference light intensity M and the reference light intensity N from the light intensity measurement units 140 and 240. .
  • the absorption spectrum of each cone cell (S cone cell, M cone cell, L cone cell) of the reference subject 501 is recorded in the controller 300.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of the absorption spectrum fsr of the S cone cell, the absorption spectrum fmr of the M cone cell, and the absorption spectrum flr of the L cone cell of the reference subject 501 having normal color vision.
  • the horizontal axis in FIG. 5 indicates the wavelength, and the vertical axis indicates the light absorption rate.
  • the graph shown in FIG. 5 is normalized by the maximum value of the absorption rate of all cone cells.
  • a pyramidal cell means that the higher the light absorption rate, the higher the sensitivity to the light.
  • S cone cells have maximum sensitivity to light in the vicinity of a wavelength of 420 nm.
  • M cone cells have maximum sensitivity around a wavelength of 530 nm.
  • L pyramidal cells have maximum sensitivity around a wavelength of 560 nm.
  • the absorption spectrum of the pyramidal cells of the reference subject 501 is measured in advance by a method different from the color vision inspection method of the present embodiment. Since the method for measuring the absorption spectrum of the pyramidal cell is well known, the description thereof is omitted here.
  • the color vision of the subject subject 500 having color vision abnormality is examined. Specifically, the inspector changes the light intensity of the first projection image from the reference light intensity M by the light intensity adjustment units 130 and 230 while the subject subject 500 is looking at the composite projection image projected on the screen 400. At the same time, the light intensity of the second projection image is changed from the reference light intensity N. Of the combinations of the light intensities of the projection images, the combination of the light intensity X of the first projection image and the light intensity Y of the second projection image that allows the subject subject 500 to most clearly recognize the characters included in the composite projection image. Recorded in the controller 300.
  • the conditions under which the combined projection image can be most clearly recognized (the light intensity of the first projection image and the light intensity of the second projection image).
  • the average value of the light intensity of the plurality of first projection images recognized by the subject subject 500 as the most clear and the average value of the light intensity of the plurality of second projection images are respectively the light intensity X and The light intensity Y is recorded in the controller 300.
  • any one condition may be selected according to the preference (color preference, ease of viewing, etc.) of the subject subject 500 among a plurality of conditions under which the subject subject 500 can clearly recognize the composite projection image.
  • the absorption spectrum fs of the S cone cell, the absorption spectrum fm of the M cone cell, and the absorption spectrum fl of the L cone cell of the subject 500 are also recorded in the controller 300.
  • the absorption spectrum of each pyramidal cell of the subject 500 is measured by a method different from the color vision inspection method of the present embodiment.
  • process step S105 the color vision characteristic of the subject subject 500 is calculated.
  • the controller 300 reads the recorded reference light intensities M and N and the light intensities X and Y, and the coefficients A and B are calculated by the following equations 1 and 2.
  • A X / M
  • B Y / N
  • the coefficient A is the ratio of the light intensity of the first projection image when the reference subject 501 and the subject subject 500 can most clearly recognize the composite projection image.
  • the coefficient B is the ratio of the light intensity of the second projection image when the reference subject 501 and the subject subject 500 can most clearly recognize the composite projection image.
  • the coefficient A corresponds to the ratio of the sensitivity of the pyramidal cells of the reference subject 501 and the subject subject 500 to red light.
  • the coefficient B corresponds to the ratio of the sensitivity of the pyramidal cells of the reference subject 501 and the subject subject 500 to green light. Therefore, by using the coefficients A and B, the absorption spectrum of the pyramidal cell of the target subject 500 is estimated. Specifically, the absorption spectrum fm of the M cone cell and the absorption spectrum fl of the L cone cell of the target subject 500 are estimated by the following equations 3 and 4 using the absorption spectrum of the cone cell of the reference subject 501.
  • the first projection image is limited to the red wavelength band by the light filtering unit 150 and projected onto the screen 400.
  • the second projected image is projected on the screen 400 as white light without being limited in wavelength band. Therefore, the colors of the image projected on the screen 400 are red and white.
  • the coefficients A and B obtained by Expression 1 and Expression 2 represent the ratio of sensitivity to red light and the ratio of sensitivity to green light between the reference subject 501 and the target subject 500. This is a knowledge obtained as a result of the inventor's extensive studies by applying the principle of the two-color experiment.
  • the controller 300 determines a correction value for abnormal color vision of the subject subject 500.
  • the color vision abnormality of the target subject 500 is corrected, for example, by an optical element having a transmission spectrum matched to the target subject 500.
  • the correction value is a characteristic of the optical element.
  • the optical element is used by being attached to the eye of the subject 500 such as glasses or contact lenses.
  • the sensitivity of the target subject 500 to red light is comparable to that of the reference subject 501 and the sensitivity of the target subject 500 to green light is half that of the reference subject 501.
  • the light intensity X of the first projection image when the target subject 500 clearly recognizes the composite projection image is the same as the reference light intensity M.
  • the coefficient A is 1.
  • the light intensity Y of the second projection image when the target subject 500 clearly recognizes the composite projection image is twice the reference light intensity N.
  • the coefficient B is 2.
  • the light intensity of the green component of the composite projection image is changed to be large (B times), or the composite projection image What is necessary is just to change so that the light intensity of a red component may become small (1 / B times).
  • the above concept can also be applied when the sensitivity of the subject subject 500 to green light is different from the sensitivity of the reference subject 501 or when the sensitivity to both red and green light is different from the sensitivity of the reference subject 501. .
  • the optical element when correcting the color vision abnormality of the subject 500 using the optical element, the optical element is designed to satisfy the following formula 5 when the transmittance for red light is TR and the transmittance for green light is TG. do it.
  • TR is a transmittance in the vicinity of a wavelength of 560 nm at which the L cone cell has the maximum sensitivity.
  • TG is a transmittance in the vicinity of a wavelength of 530 nm at which the M cone cell has the maximum sensitivity.
  • the boundary between the red wavelength band and the green wavelength band is not limited to a specific wavelength.
  • the boundary between the red wavelength band and the green wavelength band when designing an optical element is such that the wavelength at which the L cone cell has the maximum sensitivity (about 560 nm) and the wavelength at which the M cone cell has the maximum sensitivity (about 530 nm). Any value in between may be used.
  • the transmittance of the optical element may be designed so as to change gently between a wavelength at which the L cone cell has maximum sensitivity and a wavelength at which the M cone cell has maximum sensitivity.
  • the optical element may be manufactured by applying a color coating to a transparent substrate such as a spectacle lens or a contact lens.
  • FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of an optical element 600 that has been color coated.
  • the material of the transparent substrate 610 is, for example, a material that transmits light in the visible light band without being substantially attenuated, and for example, glass or resin is used.
  • the surface of the substrate 610 is provided with a color coating 611 that changes the intensity of transmitted red light by a coefficient A and a color coating 612 that changes the intensity of transmitted green light by a coefficient B.
  • the degree of each color coating 611, 612 (coating thickness or coating material) is determined so that the transmittance of the optical element 600 satisfies Equation 5.
  • Each of the color coatings 611 and 612 may be a dielectric multilayer film formed on the surface of a transparent material.
  • each of the color coatings 611 and 612 may be coated by immersing the substrate 610 in a staining solution in which a staining agent is dissolved.
  • the color coatings 611 and 612 need not be separately coated. For example, the light intensity in both the red and green wavelength bands may be changed by one color coating.
  • the color coating 611 may change the intensity of light in the red wavelength band relative to the light in other bands by changing the transmittance of light outside the red wavelength band. Good.
  • the color coating 612 may change the intensity of light in the green wavelength band relative to the light in other bands by changing the transmittance of light outside the green wavelength band. Good. Further, it is desirable that the wavelength band in which the light intensity is changed by the color coating 611 is the same as the transmission wavelength band of the red filter used when the slide 121 is manufactured. Further, it is desirable that the wavelength band in which the light intensity is changed by the color coating 612 is the same as the transmission wavelength band of the green filter used when the slide 221 is manufactured.
  • a spectacle lens or a contact lens is used for the substrate 610. Therefore, correction of visual acuity can be performed simultaneously with correction of color vision of the subject subject 500.
  • the optical element 600 may be manufactured by mixing a stain with a transparent material.
  • FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of an optical element 600 mixed with a staining agent.
  • the transparent material 620 is a material that transmits light in the visible light band without being substantially attenuated.
  • a resin such as polycarbonate or PMMA is used.
  • a stain 621 that changes the intensity of transmitted red light and a stain 622 that changes the intensity of transmitted green light are mixed.
  • the mixing amount and mixing ratio of the stains 621 and 622 are determined so that the transmittance of the optical element 600 satisfies Equation 5.
  • the transparent material 620 mixed with the staining agents 621 and 622 is formed into, for example, the shape of a spectacle lens or a contact lens.
  • the transparent material 620 is molded by, for example, injection molding using a 3D printer or a mold.
  • the optical element can be manufactured by simply mixing the stains 621 and 622 with the transparent material 620. Therefore, this method has an advantage that the optical element 600 can be easily manufactured.
  • the manufactured optical element 600 is attached to the subject subject 500 as a spectacle lens or a contact lens.
  • the optical element 600 corrects the spectrum of light incident on the eye of the subject subject 500, thereby correcting the color vision abnormality of the subject subject 500.
  • the first projection image is limited to the red wavelength band by the optical filtering unit 150, and the wavelength band of the second projection image is not limited, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration.
  • the wavelength band of the second projection image may be limited.
  • the light filtering unit 150 may be removed from the first image projecting unit 100, and the light filtering unit may be attached to the second image projecting unit 200.
  • the light filtering unit attached to the second image projection unit 200 is a green filter that transmits only light in the green wavelength band. Accordingly, the wavelength band of the first projection image is not limited, but the second projection image is limited to the green wavelength band. Also in this configuration, the coefficients A and B for correcting the color vision of the subject subject 500 can be acquired.
  • the color vision inspection apparatus is an apparatus capable of inspecting color vision characteristics even when a subject has an Allen syndrome.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of the color vision inspection apparatus 2 in the second embodiment.
  • the color vision inspection apparatus 2 according to the second embodiment is the first embodiment except that the first image projection unit 100 and the second image projection unit 200 include the light input adjustment unit 160 and the light input adjustment unit 260, respectively. It is the same as the color vision inspection apparatus 1 of the form.
  • the same reference numerals are used for the same components as those of the first embodiment.
  • the light input adjustment unit 160 and the light input adjustment unit 260 have a plurality of filters that change the intensity of blue light to be transmitted. Each filter has a different degree of changing the intensity of blue light. Each filter is alternatively inserted on the optical path of the light emitted from the light sources 111 and 211.
  • the light input adjustment unit 160 and the light input adjustment unit 260 may be disposed between the light sources 111 and 211 and the light intensity measurement units 140 and 240, and the positions thereof are not limited.
  • the image setting unit 120, the light filtering unit 150, the light intensity adjustment unit 130, and the light input adjustment unit 160 may be arranged side by side on the optical path, and in any order. It may be arranged.
  • the image setting unit 220, the light intensity adjustment unit 230, and the light input adjustment unit 260 may be arranged side by side on the optical path, and may be arranged in any order. Good.
  • each filter included in the light input adjustment unit 160 and the light input adjustment unit 260 is not limited to those that change the intensity of blue light by lowering the transmittance for blue light.
  • each filter has a low transmittance for light in a wavelength band other than blue, and may increase the intensity of light in a blue wavelength band relative to light in other bands. Good.
  • the color vision inspection method in the second embodiment is executed according to the flowchart shown in FIG.
  • the blue light intensity of the composite projection image (first projection image and second projection image) is changed in processing step S104.
  • a plurality of filters of the light input adjustment unit 160 and the light input adjustment unit 260 are alternatively inserted on the optical path.
  • the filter inserted on the optical path by the optical input adjustment unit 160 and the filter inserted on the optical path by the optical input adjustment unit 260 are filters having the same characteristics.
  • the blue light intensity of the composite projection image is lowered by the light input adjustment unit 160 and the light input adjustment unit 260 until the subject subject 500 does not feel that the composite projection image is dazzling.
  • the S cone cell of the subject subject 500 has excessive sensitivity to blue light
  • the light of the first projection image that allows the subject subject 500 to most clearly recognize the characters included in the composite projection image.
  • a combination of the intensity X and the light intensity Y of the second projection image can be measured.
  • the absorption spectrum of S cone cell of the test subject 500 is estimated in process step S105.
  • the characteristics of the optical element are determined using the filter characteristics of the light input adjustment unit 160 and the light input adjustment unit 260 in processing step S106.
  • the optical element is designed so that the transmittance for blue light becomes D while satisfying Expression 5.
  • the optical element may be manufactured by applying a color coating to a transparent substrate, or may be manufactured by mixing a staining material with a transparent material.
  • the color vision characteristics of the target subject 500 can be inspected.
  • the test target of the color vision test method of the second embodiment is not limited to the target subject 500 having an Allen syndrome.
  • the color vision inspection method according to the second embodiment may target a subject who does not have an Allen syndrome but has an aversion to dazzling light.
  • the first and second projected images are projected onto the screen 400 using the white light projected from the projectors 110 and 210.
  • the first and second projection images are projected from the projector without using the slides 121 and 221.
  • the color vision inspection is performed according to the flowchart shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram of the color vision inspection apparatus 3 in the third embodiment.
  • the color vision inspection device 3 includes a first image projection unit 103 and a second image projection unit 203.
  • the first image projection unit 103 includes a projector 113 and an information processing device 123.
  • the second image projection unit 203 includes a projector 213 and an information processing device 223.
  • the information processing device 123 and the information processing device 223 are, for example, personal computers.
  • the information processing device 123 and the information processing device 223 include a CPU, a RAM, and a ROM, like the controller 300 of the first embodiment.
  • the ROM stores a program for controlling the information processing devices 123 and 223 to execute a color vision test.
  • Projectors 113 and 213 are so-called data projectors (business projectors and home projectors) that project full-color projection images based on video signals.
  • the projectors 113 and 213 are, for example, LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), DLP (Digital Light Processing), or LCOS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon) projectors. All projectors have red, green, and blue color filters. By changing the video signal input to the projector, the intensity of red, green, and blue light of the projected image can be individually changed.
  • the projectors 113 and 213 project projected images based on the video signals input from the information processing devices 123 and 223 onto the screen 400, respectively.
  • the first projection image projected from the projector 113 and the second projection image projected from the projector 213 are combined on the screen 400.
  • the color vision inspection apparatus 3 of 3rd Embodiment may be provided with one information processing apparatus. In this case, video signals are individually output from one information processing apparatus to the projectors 113 and 213.
  • the image data (original image data) of the original image 10 and a program for performing image processing of the original image data are stored in the information processing apparatuses 123 and 223.
  • the information processing device 123 extracts the red component from the original image data and generates first projection image data.
  • the first projection image data having only the red component is converted into a video signal and input to the projector 113.
  • the information processing device 223 extracts the green component from the original image data and generates second projection image data.
  • the second projection image data having only the green component is converted into grayscale monochrome image data.
  • the monochrome image data is converted into a video signal and input to the projector 213.
  • the first projection image having the red wavelength band component is projected from the projector 113 onto the screen 400.
  • a white second projection image is projected from the projector 213 onto the screen 400.
  • the information processing devices 123 and 223 store a program for changing the set values of the light intensity of the first projection image data and the second projection image data.
  • the video signals output from the information processing devices 123 and 223 (for example, the luminance included in the video signals) Signal) is changed. Thereby, the brightness of the light intensity of the first projection image and the second projection image projected on the screen 400 can be changed.
  • the reference light intensity M of the first projection image and the reference light intensity N of the second projection image are calculated based on the set values of the light intensity of the first projection image data and the second projection image data. Is done. Further, the light intensity X of the first projection image and the light intensity Y of the second projection image are calculated based on the set values of the light intensity of the first projection image data and the second projection image data. Accordingly, in the third embodiment, the reference light intensity M and N of the reference subject 501 and the light intensity X and Y of the target subject 500 are used in the processing steps S103 and S104 shown in FIG. 4 without using the light intensity measurement unit. Can be sought.
  • the reference light intensity M and the reference light intensity N may be obtained from other than the color vision characteristics of the reference subject 501.
  • the projectors 113 and 213 used in the third embodiment are so-called data projectors.
  • the light intensities of red, blue, and green are adjusted in advance assuming that a person with normal color vision sees a projected image. Therefore, the reference light intensity M and the reference light intensity N may be determined based on the default value of the light intensity of the projector.
  • the default value of the light intensity of the projectors 113 and 213 is a value in which the light intensity is not adjusted by the inspector before the color vision inspection of the target subject 500 is performed.
  • the default value of the light intensity is an initial setting value of the light intensity of the projectors 113 and 213 or a factory setting value.
  • the light intensity of the blue component of the first projection image and the second projection image is changed by changing the size of the blue component of the video signal output from each information processing device 123, 223. Can be changed. Thereby, the color vision test of the subject subject 500 having the Allen syndrome can be performed as in the second embodiment.
  • each of the information processing devices 123 and 223 generates the first projection image data and the second projection image data from the original image data.
  • first projection image data and second projection image data generated based on the original image data may be prepared and stored in the information processing devices 123 and 223 in advance.
  • the projectors 113 and 213 project the first and second projection images based on the video signals output from the information processing devices 123 and 223, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration.
  • a function relating to generation of a video signal may be incorporated in the projectors 113 and 213.
  • the information processing devices 123 and 223 are not required, and the configuration of the color vision inspection device 3 can be further simplified.
  • the color vision inspection apparatus 3 of the third embodiment includes two projectors 113 and 213, while the color vision inspection apparatus 4 of the fourth embodiment includes one projector.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of the color vision inspection apparatus 4 in the fourth embodiment.
  • the color vision inspection device 4 includes a projector 114 and an information processing device 124.
  • the information processing apparatus 124 is a personal computer, for example.
  • the information processing apparatus 124 includes a CPU, a RAM, and a ROM, like the controller 300 of the first embodiment.
  • the ROM stores a program for controlling the information processing apparatus 124 to execute a color vision test.
  • the projector 114 is a so-called data projector that projects a full-color projection image based on a video signal.
  • the projector 114 projects a projection image based on the video signal input from the information processing apparatus 124 onto the screen 400.
  • the first projection image projected from the projector 113 and the second projection image projected from the projector 123 are combined on the screen 400.
  • the first projection image and the second projection image are alternately projected from the projector 114.
  • the image to be projected is switched between the first projection image and the second projection image every frame. In this way, by switching the image to be projected at a short time interval, the subjects 500 and 501 recognize the image projected on the screen 400 in the same way as the composite projection image. Therefore, the color vision test of the subjects 500 and 501 can be performed using the color vision test apparatus 4 as in the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a color vision inspection apparatus 4a according to a modification of the fourth embodiment.
  • the color vision inspection device 4 ′ includes an information processing device 124 and a monitor 134.
  • the monitor 134 is, for example, a liquid crystal display or a CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) display.
  • the monitor 134 may be a display of a portable terminal device such as a tablet terminal.
  • the first and second projection images are alternately displayed on the monitor 134. Thereby, the structure of a color vision inspection apparatus can be further simplified.
  • the reference light intensity M and the reference light intensity N may be obtained from other than the color vision characteristics of the reference subject 501.
  • the projector 114 provided in the color vision inspection device 4 and the monitor 134 provided in the color vision inspection device 4a are adjusted in advance for light intensity of red, blue, and green, assuming that a person with normal color vision sees a projected image. Yes. Therefore, the reference light intensity M and the reference light intensity N may be determined based on the initial setting value of the light intensity of the projector. Thereby, in the process step S103 of FIG. 4, the examination of the color vision characteristic of the reference subject 501 can be omitted.
  • Embodiments of the present invention are not limited to those described above, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention also includes contents appropriately combined with embodiments or the like clearly shown in the specification or obvious embodiments.
  • the Ishihara type color vision test is used as the original image 10, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the original image 10 may be, for example, an image that makes it easy to specify the condition that the subjects 500 and 501 can see most clearly during the color vision examination.
  • the original image 10 may be a figure or a picture of an animal drawn instead of characters for a child or a subject with low literacy ability.
  • the color used for the original image 10 is preferably one that can inspect various types of color vision abnormalities. For example, depending on the target subject 500, which cone cell has an abnormal sensitivity (that is, which color has an abnormal sensitivity) and how abnormal the sensitivity is. As a result of intensive studies on the color of the original image 10 suitable for the color vision examination, the inventor has found that almost all color vision abnormalities can be examined by using the following three types of original images 10A to 10C.
  • Original image 10A Two colors A1 of a color A1 in which the sizes of the R component, the G component, and the B component in the RGB color space are substantially the same, and a color A2 in which the sizes of the G component and the B component are substantially the same. , A2 used original image.
  • Original image 10B two colors B1 of a color B1 in which the sizes of the R component, the G component, and the B component in the RGB color space are substantially the same, and a color B2 in which the sizes of the R component and the B component are substantially the same , B2 used original image.
  • Original image 10C Two colors C1 and C2 were used: a color C1 in which the sizes of the G and B components in the RGB color space are substantially the same, and a color C2 in which the sizes of the G and B components are different. The original image.
  • the original images 10A to 10C are images in which two different colors are used. How these two colors are used is not particularly limited.
  • FIG. 12A is a diagram illustrating an example of the original image 10A. 12B and 12C show a first inspection image 11A of the slide 121 and a second inspection image 12A of the slide 221 that are created based on the original image 10A.
  • the original image 10A is a drawing in which two quadrangles are lined up. The two squares are filled with color A1 and color A2.
  • the shape of the figure filled with the colors A1 and A2 is not limited to a quadrangle, and may be a triangle or a circle.
  • the original images 10B and 10C are arranged by arranging figures filled with two colors side by side. For the original images 10B and 10C, the corresponding slides 121 and 221 are produced in the same manner as the original image 10A.
  • the color vision characteristic of the subject subject 500 having color vision abnormality is examined, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • a healthy subject with normal color vision may be the target subject 500.
  • an optical element that corrects the color vision characteristics of a healthy person can be produced by performing a color vision test on the healthy person.
  • the characteristics of the optical element matched to the target subject 500 are calculated, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the invention of the present application can be applied in addition to the production of an optical element that corrects color vision characteristics.
  • a screen displayed on a display such as a television set, a monitor of a personal computer, or a tablet terminal is recognized in a different color depending on the color vision characteristics of the viewer (individual differences in color vision characteristics or color vision abnormalities).
  • individual differences in color vision characteristics can be corrected by adjusting set values of the color and light intensity displayed on the display in accordance with the color vision characteristics of the viewer.
  • by adjusting the setting value of the display it is possible for a person with color vision abnormality to clearly recognize the screen displayed on the display without using an optical element.
  • the setting value (correction value) for adjusting the color of the display according to the subject for example, the color vision inspection device 4a in the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 11 is used. Similar to the case of performing the color vision test of the subject subject 500 having color vision abnormality, the coefficients A and B of the subject are calculated using the color vision testing device 4a. Using these coefficients A and B, the setting value of the display is changed from the current setting value. For example, the setting value of the light intensity of the display is A times the intensity (luminance) of red light compared to the current setting value (for example, the setting value at the time of color vision inspection or the default value) The intensity (luminance) is changed to be B times. Thereby, the color of a display is corrected according to a test subject's color vision characteristic.
  • the color vision test and the correction value calculation of the subject need not be performed by a device dedicated to color vision testing.
  • a set of inspection images used for color vision inspection, a program for changing display setting values, a program for calculating correction values, etc. are used for general-purpose information terminal devices such as personal computers and tablet devices, televisions and personal computers. It may be stored in a display such as a monitor. Thereby, the set values of various displays used by the subject can be adjusted according to the color vision characteristics of the subject.
  • the light projected from the projector passes through each optical element (image setting unit, light intensity adjustment unit, etc.) and is projected on the screen 400.
  • the present invention is limited to this configuration.
  • the light projected from the projector may be reflected by a mirror and applied to the screen 400.
  • the color vision inspection apparatuses 1 to 4 may further include an optical system for changing the size and brightness of the projected image on the screen.
  • the subjects 500 and 501 observe the composite projection image with respect to the screen 400 from the same side as the color vision inspection apparatuses 1 to 4, but the present invention is not limited to this arrangement.
  • the projection image may be irradiated on the back side of the screen 400, and the subjects 500 and 501 may observe the composite projection image from the front side of the screen 400.
  • the color vision inspection apparatuses 1 to 4 do not interfere with the subjects 500 and 501, so that the degree of freedom of arrangement and configuration of the color vision inspection apparatuses 1 to 4 can be increased.
  • the screen 400 may be disposed in a space shielded by a light shielding plate.
  • the subjects 500 and 501 observe the screen 400 from the observation window provided on the light shielding plate. Thereby, it can prevent more reliably that external light is superimposed on a composite projection image.
  • a set of inspection images (images formed on the slides 121 and 221) using a photographed image obtained by photographing the original image 10 through the red filter and a photographed image obtained through the green filter.
  • the inspection image of the present invention is not limited to this.
  • a filter used for producing an inspection image any two of a blue filter, a green filter, and a red filter corresponding to three types of cone cells are used.
  • the slide 121 and the slide 221 may be created using a photographed image obtained by photographing the original image 10 through a red filter and a photographed image obtained by photographing through the blue filter.
  • the first projection image is projected with the wavelength band limited to red and the second projection.
  • the image is projected without being limited in wavelength band.
  • the first projection image is projected with the wavelength band not limited
  • the second projection image is projected with the wavelength band limited to blue.
  • a pair of polarizing plates is used for the light intensity adjusting units 130 and 230, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the light intensity adjusting units 130 and 230 may use a diaphragm that can change the aperture ratio and a liquid crystal filter that can change the transmittance according to the applied voltage.
  • the outputs of the light sources 111 and 211 may be changed instead of using the light intensity adjustment units 130 and 230.
  • the slides 121 and 221 modulate the intensity distribution of transmitted light, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration.
  • the slides 121 and 221 may have a reflective layer and modulate the intensity distribution of reflected light.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the color vision inspection apparatus 5 using a slide that modulates reflected light.
  • the light projected from the projectors 110 and 220 is reflected by the slides 121 and 221 and applied to the screen 400. Thereby, the whole apparatus including the screen 400 can be reduced in size.

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Abstract

Un procédé de fabrication d'un élément optique selon un mode de réalisation de la présente invention comprend les étapes consistant à : acquérir des première et deuxième images monochromes qui sont obtenues par exposition d'une image originale à des faisceaux lumineux de première et seconde plages de longueurs d'onde ; exposer les première et seconde images monochromes à des faisceaux lumineux ; ajuster les spectres de premier et second faisceaux lumineux de projection obtenus par exposition à la lumière de sorte que les premier et second faisceaux lumineux de projection aient des spectres de lumière mutuellement différents ; afficher une image de projection composite des premier et second faisceaux lumineux de projection ; acquérir des intensités lumineuses de référence M et N des premier et second faisceaux lumineux de projection; acquérir des intensités lumineuses X et Y des premier et second faisceaux lumineux de projection qui satisfont à une condition prédéterminée lorsqu'un sujet regarde l'image de projection composite ; et fabriquer un élément optique doté d'un premier composant optique qui ajuste l'intensité des faisceaux lumineux de la première plage de longueurs d'onde sur la base de l'intensité lumineuse de référence M et de l'intensité lumineuse X, et d'un second composant optique qui règle l'intensité de faisceaux lumineux de la seconde plage de longueurs d'onde sur la base de l'intensité lumineuse de référence N et de l'intensité lumineuse Y.
PCT/JP2016/061035 2015-04-06 2016-04-04 Procédé de fabrication d'un élément optique, élément optique, programme d'inspection des propriétés de vision des couleurs, appareil d'inspection, et ensemble d'images d'inspection de vision des couleurs Ceased WO2016163338A1 (fr)

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EP4108159A4 (fr) * 2020-02-21 2024-03-06 Iris Communication Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé d'inspection de caractéristiques visuelles, procédé de détermination de caractéristiques d'un filtre optique, filtre optique, ensemble d'éléments optiques pour inspection de caractéristiques visuelles, et image d'inspection de caractéristiques visuelles

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