WO2016070601A1 - Device to device d2d data transmission method, apparatus, and d2d ue - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided in the present invention are a device to device D2D data transmission method, apparatus, and D2D UE, wherein the method comprises: determining packet data convergence protocol PDCP header compression indication information used for indicating whether a D2D communication sending UE implements PDCP header compression processing of a PDCP protocol data unit PDU; and sending the PDCP header compression indication information to a D2D communication receiving UE. The present invention solves the problem in the prior art that a D2D receiving UE is not able to correctly parse D2D communication data, and achieves the outcome of a D2D communication receiving UE being able to correctly parse D2D communication data by means of acquiring PDCP header compression indication information.

Description

Device to device D2D data transmission method, device and D2D UE Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a device D2D data transmission method and apparatus, and a D2D UE.

Background technique

With the development of wireless multimedia services, people's demand for high data rates and user experience is increasing, which puts high demands on the system capacity and coverage of traditional cellular networks. On the other hand, the popularity of applications such as social networking, near-field data sharing, and local advertising has led to an increasing demand for people who are interested in and are communicating with nearby people, such as Proximity Services (PS). Traditional cell-based cellular networks have significant limitations in terms of high data rates and support for neighboring services. In this context, Device-to-Device, which stands for a new direction in the future of communications technology, is referred to as Device-to-Device (referred to as D2D) technology came into being. The application of D2D technology can reduce the burden of cellular networks, reduce the battery power consumption of user equipment, increase the data rate, and improve the robustness of the network infrastructure, which satisfies the requirements of the above high data rate services and proximity services.

D2D technology can work in licensed or unlicensed bands, allowing multiple D2D-enabled user equipment (D2D User Equipment, D2D UE) to directly discover without network infrastructure or network infrastructure. / Direct communication. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application mode of a D2D technology in the related art. As shown in FIG. 1 , there are three main application scenarios of the D2D:

1) UE1 and UE2 perform data interaction under the coverage of the cellular network, and the user plane data does not pass through the network infrastructure, as shown in mode 1 of FIG. 1;

2) UE relay transmission in the weak/uncovered area, as shown in mode 2 of FIG. 1, allows UE4 with poor signal quality to communicate with the network through UE3 with network coverage nearby, which can help operators expand coverage and increase capacity. ;

3) In the event of an earthquake or emergency, the cellular network is not working properly, allowing direct communication between devices, as in Mode 3 of Figure 1, the control plane and user plane between UE5, UE6 and UE7 do not pass through the network infrastructure. Perform one-hop or multi-hop data communication.

D2D technology usually includes D2D discovery technology and D2D communication technology:

1) D2D discovery technology refers to determining/determining the proximity between two or more D2D user equipments (for example, within a range in which D2D direct communication is possible) or for determining/determining that a first user equipment is adjacent to a second user. Equipment technology.

2) D2D communication technology refers to a technology in which some or all of the communication data between D2D user equipments can communicate directly without going through the network infrastructure.

Before performing D2D discovery or D2D communication, the D2D UE needs to obtain the corresponding radio resource first. There are two resource allocation modes, that is, D2D discovery or D2D communication resource, that is, the base station allocates a dedicated resource to the UE (first The resource allocation method, also known as mode 1), or D2D discovery/communication based on contention of resource acquisition (second resource allocation mode, also called mode 2). The first resource allocation mode is configured by the base station to allocate appropriate D2D resources to the D2D UE according to the request of the D2D UE, and the manner can only be used for the D2D UE located in the coverage of the cellular network. The second resource allocation mode is usually pre-allocated by the base station or the system to a D2D resource pool, and the D2D UE participating in the D2D discovery/communication listens to the resource pool or obtains the D2D transmission resource through contention. This method is mainly used for the cellular network. The out-of-coverage D2D UE can also be used for D2D UEs within the cellular network coverage. For D2D UEs within a cellular network coverage, they may use a D2D contention resource pool configured for the served cell. For D2D UEs outside the cellular network coverage, a pre-configured D2D contention pool can be used.

In the scenario where the UE performing D2D communication moves from the coverage of the cellular network to the coverage area of the cellular network, since the UE detects that it is within the coverage of a cell of the cellular network, and the cell supports D2D communication, the use of the same is stopped. Pre-configured D2D resources at the frequency. The UE can only restart the D2D after acquiring the mode2 resource (if any) from the System Information Broadcast (SIB) of the cell, or obtaining the mode1/mode2D2D resource through the dedicated signaling after establishing the RRC connection. Communication data is sent. Therefore, UEs undergoing D2D communication will experience a period of D2D communication interruption, which will affect D2D service service continuity, especially for some delay sensitive services, such as VOIP services.

In addition, in the LTE system, the base station needs to configure PDCP layer parameters, for example, PDCP header compression related parameters, for each bearer and the receiver UE through RRC signaling. In the D2D communication, the communication between the UEs does not need to pass through the base station, especially for the broadcast communication scenario. The base station does not even know which UEs are the receiver UEs, and cannot configure the corresponding radio bearer parameters for the D2D UE through the RRC signaling. In this case, the receiver D2D UE cannot obtain these D2D radio bearer PDCP layer parameters, and cannot correctly parse the D2D communication data.

Therefore, there is a problem that the D2D service is interrupted in the related art, and the D2D UE cannot correctly parse the D2D communication data.

Summary of the invention

The embodiment of the invention provides a device-to-device D2D data transmission method and device, and a D2D UE. In at least the related art, the problem that the D2D service interruption exists in the related technology and the D2D UE cannot correctly parse the D2D communication data can be solved.

According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a device-to-device D2D data transmission method is provided, including: determining whether a D2D communication sender user equipment UE performs PDCP header compression processing on a packet data convergence protocol PDCP protocol data unit PDU. The PDCP header compresses the indication information; the PDCP header compression indication information is sent to the D2D communication receiver UE.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the PDCP header compression indication information for indicating whether the D2D communication sender user equipment UE performs PDCP header compression processing on the packet data convergence protocol PDCP protocol data unit PDU is determined by at least one of the following manners: according to D2D Determining, by the communication service feature, the PDCP header compression indication information; determining, according to the configuration information sent by the base station to which the D2D communication sender UE belongs, the PDCP header compression indication information; according to the configuration information sent by the ProSe server to which the D2D communication sender UE belongs Determining the PDCP header compression indication information; determining the PDCP header compression indication information according to configuration information sent by the application server AS to which the D2D communication sender UE belongs.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the PDCP header compression indication information is sent to the D2D communication receiver UE by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in the PDCP PDU data packet.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the PDCP header compression indication information is sent to the D2D communication receiver UE by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in a PDCP header portion of the PDCP PDU data packet.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the PDCP header part in the PDCP PDU data packet further includes at least one of the following information: maxCID, profiles.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the PDCP header compression indication information is sent to the D2D communication receiver UE by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in the PDU type field of the PDCP header part in the PDCP PDU data packet. .

In the embodiment of the present invention, the PDU type field of the PDCP header portion is used to indicate the type of the PDCP PDU data packet, and the value of the type includes at least one of the following: an Internet Protocol IP packet, and an address resolution protocol ARP packet. Use IP packets compressed by the header and IP packets without header compression.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a device-to-device D2D data transmission method is provided, including: receiving, for indicating, a D2D communication, a sender user equipment, UE, whether to perform PDCP header compression on a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) data unit PDU The processed PDCP header compresses the indication information; and performs PDCP layer processing according to the received PDCP header compression indication information.

In the embodiment of the present invention, performing PDCP layer processing according to the received PDCP header compression indication information includes: the PDCP header compression indication information indicates that the D2D communication sender UE performs PDCP header compression on the PDCP PDU. In the case that the received PDCP PDU is subjected to header decompression processing; when the PDCP header compression indication information indicates that the D2D communication sender UE has not performed PDCP header compression on the PDCP PDU, the reception is abandoned. The received PDCP PDU is subjected to header decompression processing.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the PDCP header compression indication information is received by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in a PDCP PDU data packet.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the PDCP header compression indication information is received by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in a PDCP header portion of the PDCP PDU data packet.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the PDCP header part in the PDCP PDU data packet further includes at least one of the following information: maxCID, profiles.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the PDCP header compression indication information is received by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in a PDU type field of a PDCP header portion in the PDCP PDU data packet.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the PDU type field of the PDCP header portion is used to indicate the type of the PDCP PDU data packet, and the value of the type includes at least one of the following: an Internet Protocol IP packet, and an address resolution protocol ARP packet. Use IP packets compressed by the header and IP packets without header compression.

According to still another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a device-to-device D2D data transmission method is provided, including: determining a device-to-device D2D resource pool for an abnormal situation in a cell system message; and determining the D2D resource pool according to the determining Perform D2D data transmission.

In the embodiment of the present invention, before the D2D data transmission is performed according to the determined D2D resource pool, the method further includes: detecting that the D2D user equipment UE that performs D2D data transmission is within the coverage of the cell.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the D2D UE is within the coverage of the cell, and the cell where the D2D UE is located satisfies the cell selection S criterion.

In the embodiment of the present invention, after the D2D data transmission is performed according to the determined D2D resource pool, the method further includes: determining whether the radio link control RRC reconfiguration message including the D2D resource configuration information is received; In this case, the D2D resource pool for the abnormal situation in the system message is stopped.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a device-to-device D2D data transmission apparatus is provided, including: a first determining module, configured to determine whether a D2D communication sender user equipment UE is used for a packet data convergence protocol PDCP protocol The data unit PDU performs PDCP header compression indication information of the PDCP header compression processing; and the sending module is configured to send the PDCP header compression indication information to the D2D communication receiver UE.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the first determining module is further configured to: determine, by at least one of the following manners, whether the D2D communication sender user equipment UE performs PDCP header compression on the packet data convergence protocol PDCP protocol data unit PDU. Processing the PDCP header compression indication information: determining the PDCP header compression indication information according to the D2D communication service feature; determining the PDCP header compression indication information according to the configuration information sent by the D2D communication sender UE to the base station; according to the D2D communication The configuration information sent by the ProSe server to which the sender UE belongs determines the PDCP header compression indication information; and determines the PDCP header compression indication information according to the configuration information sent by the application server AS to which the D2D communication sender UE belongs.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the sending module is further configured to send the PDCP header compression indication information to the D2D communication receiver UE by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in a PDCP PDU data packet.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the sending module is further configured to send the PDCP to the D2D communication receiver UE by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in a PDCP header part of the PDCP PDU data packet. The header compresses the indication information.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the PDCP header part in the PDCP PDU data packet further includes at least one of the following information: maxCID, profiles.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the sending module is further configured to send the PDCP header compression indication information to the D2D communication receiver UE by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in a PDU type field of a PDCP header portion in the PDCP PDU data packet. Sending the PDCP header compression indication information.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the PDU type field of the PDCP header portion is used to indicate the type of the PDCP PDU data packet, and the value of the type includes at least one of the following: an Internet Protocol IP packet, and an address resolution protocol ARP packet. Use IP packets compressed by the header and IP packets without header compression.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a device-to-device D2D data transmission apparatus is provided, including: a receiving module, configured to receive, to indicate, whether a D2D communication sender user equipment UE is to a packet data convergence protocol PDCP protocol data unit The PDCP header compression indication information is processed by the PDU, and the processing module is configured to perform PDCP layer processing according to the received PDCP header compression indication information.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the processing module includes: a processing unit, configured to: when the PDCP header compression indication information indicates that the D2D communication sender UE performs PDCP header compression on the PDCP PDU, Going to the PDCP PDU for header decompression processing; abandoning the unit, setting to abandon the reception if the PDCP header compression indication information indicates that the D2D communication sender UE has not performed PDCP header compression on the PDCP PDU The received PDCP PDU is subjected to header decompression processing.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the receiving module is further configured to receive the PDCP header compression indication information by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in a PDCP PDU data packet.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the receiving module is further configured to receive the PDCP header compression indication information by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in a PDCP header portion of the PDCP PDU data packet.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the PDCP header part in the PDCP PDU data packet further includes at least one of the following information: maxCID, profiles.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the receiving module is further configured to receive the PDCP header by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in a PDU type field of a PDCP header portion of the PDCP PDU data packet. Compress the indication information.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the PDU type field of the PDCP header portion is used to indicate the type of the PDCP PDU data packet, and the value of the type includes at least one of the following: an Internet Protocol IP packet, and an address resolution protocol ARP packet. Use IP packets compressed by the header and IP packets without header compression.

According to still another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a device-to-device D2D data transmission apparatus is provided, including: a second determining module, configured to determine a device-to-device D2D resource pool for an abnormal situation in a cell system message; And a module, configured to perform D2D data transmission according to the determined D2D resource pool.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus further includes: a detecting module, configured to detect that the D2D user equipment that performs D2D data transmission is within the coverage of the cell.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the D2D UE is within the coverage of the cell, and the cell where the D2D UE is located satisfies the cell selection S criterion.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the device further includes: a determining module, configured to determine whether the radio link control RRC reconfiguration message including the D2D resource configuration information is received; and the stopping module is configured to determine that the determining result in the determining module is In the case of the case, the D2D resource pool for the abnormal situation in the system message is stopped.

According to still another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a D2D device comprising the apparatus of any of the above.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the PDCP header compression indication information for determining whether the D2D communication sender user equipment UE performs PDCP header compression processing on the packet data convergence protocol PDCP protocol data unit PDU is adopted; and the D2D communication receiver UE is sent by the D2D communication receiver UE. The PDCP header compresses the indication information, which solves the problem that the receiver D2D UE cannot correctly parse the D2D communication data in the related art, and further achieves the effect that the D2D communication receiver UE acquires the PDCP header compression indication information and can correctly parse the D2D communication data.

DRAWINGS

The drawings are intended to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are intended to be a part of the invention. In the drawing:

1 is a schematic diagram of an application mode of a D2D technology in the related art;

2 is a flowchart of a device-to-device D2D data transmission method 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a flowchart of a device-to-device D2D data transmission method 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a flowchart of a device-to-device D2D data transmission method 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a structural block diagram of a device-to-device D2D data transmission apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a structural block diagram of a device-to-device D2D data transmission device 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

7 is a block diagram showing a preferred structure of a processing module 64 in a device-to-device D2D data transmission device 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a structural block diagram of a device-to-device D2D data transmission apparatus 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

9 is a block diagram showing a preferred structure of a device-to-device D2D data transmission device 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

10 is a block diagram 2 of a preferred structure of a device-to-device D2D data transmission device 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

11 is a structural block diagram of a D2D UE according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 12 is a flow chart showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a format of a D2D communication PDCP PDU data packet according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

Figure 14 is a schematic illustration of a scene in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 15 is a schematic illustration of a method in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In this embodiment, a device-to-device D2D data transmission method is provided. FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a device-to-device D2D data transmission method 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the process includes the following steps:

Step S202, determining PDCP header compression indication information for indicating whether the D2D communication sender user equipment UE performs PDCP header compression processing on the packet data convergence protocol PDCP protocol data unit PDU;

Step S204, transmitting PDCP header compression indication information to the D2D communication receiver UE.

Through the above steps, the D2D communication sending direction sends the PDCP header compression determined by the D2D communication sender to indicate whether the D2D communication sender user equipment UE performs PDCP header compression processing on the packet data convergence protocol PDCP protocol data unit PDU. The indication information solves the problem that the receiver D2D UE cannot correctly parse the D2D communication data in the related art, and further achieves the effect that the D2D communication receiver UE acquires the PDCP header compression indication information and can correctly parse the D2D communication data.

When determining the PDCP header compression indication information for indicating whether the D2D communication sender user equipment UE performs PDCP header compression processing on the packet data convergence protocol PDCP protocol data unit PDU, multiple manners may be adopted, for example, at least one of the following manners may be adopted. Determining the PDCP header compression indication information according to the D2D communication service feature; determining the PDCP header compression indication information according to the configuration information sent by the D2D communication sender UE to the base station; determining the PDCP header compression indication according to the configuration information sent by the D2D communication sender UE to the ProSe server Information; determining PDCP header compression indication information according to configuration information sent by the application server AS to which the D2D communication sender UE belongs.

The PDCP header compression indication information may also be used when transmitting the PDCP header compression indication information to the D2D communication receiver UE. For example, the PDCP header compression may be sent to the D2D communication receiver UE by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in the PDCP PDU data packet. Instructions.

In this embodiment, the PDCP header compression indication information may be sent to the D2D communication receiver UE by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in the PDCP header portion of the PDCP PDU data packet. The PDCP header part in the foregoing PDCP PDU data packet may further include at least one of the following information: maxCID, profiles.

Preferably, when the PDCP header compression indication information is sent to the D2D communication receiver UE by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in the PDCP header portion of the PDCP PDU data packet, the PDCP header compression indication information may be carried by The mode within the PDU type field of the PDCP header portion in the PDCP PDU packet transmits PDCP header compression indication information to the D2D communication receiver UE.

The PDU type field of the PDCP header part is used to indicate the type of the PDCP PDU data packet, and the value of the type may include at least one of the following: an Internet Protocol IP packet, an address resolution protocol ARP packet, an IP packet compressed by a header, or not Use header compressed IP packets.

In this embodiment, a device-to-device D2D data transmission method is also provided. FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a device-to-device D2D data transmission method 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the process includes the following steps. step:

Step S302, receiving PDCP header compression indication information for indicating whether the D2D communication sender user equipment UE performs PDCP header compression processing on the packet data convergence protocol PDCP protocol data unit PDU;

Step S304, performing PDCP layer processing according to the received PDCP header compression indication information.

Through the above steps, the D2D communication receiver receives the PDCP header compression indication information determined by the D2D communication sender for indicating whether the D2D communication sender user equipment UE performs PDCP header compression processing on the packet data convergence protocol PDCP protocol data unit PDU, according to the The PDCP header compression indication information is processed by the PDCP layer, which solves the problem that the receiver D2D UE cannot correctly parse the D2D communication data in the related art, and further, the D2D communication receiver UE obtains the PDCP header compression indication information, and can correctly parse the D2D communication data. effect.

In this embodiment, performing PDCP layer processing according to the received PDCP header compression indication information includes: when the PDCP header compression indication information indicates that the D2D communication sender UE performs PDCP header compression on the PDCP PDU, the received PDCP PDU is received. Perform header decompression processing; compress indication information indication in PDCP header When the D2D communication sender UE does not perform PDCP header compression on the PDCP PDU, it abandons the header decompression process on the received PDCP PDU.

When the PDCP header compression indication information is received, multiple manners may be used. For example, the PDCP header compression indication information may be received by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in the PDCP PDU data packet.

In this embodiment, when the PDCP header compression indication information is received by the PDCP header compression indication information being carried in the PDCP PDU data packet, the PDCP header compression indication information may be carried in the PDCP header of the PDCP PDU data packet. In part, the PDCP header compression indication information is received. The PDCP header part of the PDCP PDU data packet may further include at least one of the following information: maxCID, profiles.

In this embodiment, when receiving the PDCP header compression indication information by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in the PDCP header portion of the PDCP PDU data packet, the PDCP header compression indication information may be carried in the PDCP PDU data. The mode in the PDU type field of the PDCP header part of the packet receives the PDCP header compression indication information.

The PDU type field of the header portion of the PDCP is used to indicate the type of the PDCP PDU data packet, and the value of the type may include at least one of the following: an Internet Protocol IP packet, an address resolution protocol ARP packet, an IP packet compressed by a header, and not Use header compressed IP packets.

In this embodiment, a device-to-device D2D data transmission method is also provided. FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a device-to-device D2D data transmission method 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the flow includes the following steps. step:

Step S402, determining a device-to-device D2D resource pool for an abnormal situation in the cell system message;

Step S404, performing D2D data transmission according to the determined D2D resource pool.

Through the above steps, the D2D resource pool used for the abnormal situation in the cell system message is used for the D2D data transmission. Compared with the related art, the D2D communication UE moves from the coverage of the cellular network to the coverage area of the cellular network, resulting in D2D communication. Business interruption, at least solves the problem of D2D service interruption in related technologies, effectively improving the user experience.

Before performing D2D data transmission according to the determined D2D resource pool, the method further includes: detecting that the D2D user equipment UE that performs D2D data transmission is within the coverage of the cell. It should be noted that the D2D UE is in the coverage of the cell, and the cell where the D2D UE is located satisfies the cell selection S criterion.

After performing the D2D data transmission according to the determined D2D resource pool, the method further includes: determining whether the radio link control RRC reconfiguration message including the D2D resource configuration information is received; if the determination result is yes, stopping using the system message A D2D resource pool for exceptions.

In the embodiment, a device-to-device D2D data transmission device is also provided, which is used to implement the above-mentioned embodiments and preferred embodiments, and has not been described again. As used below, the term "module" may implement a combination of software and/or hardware of a predetermined function. Although the apparatus described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

FIG. 5 is a structural block diagram of a device-to-device D2D data transmission apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the apparatus includes: a first determining module 52 and a transmitting module 54, which are described below.

The first determining module 52 is configured to determine PDCP header compression indication information used to indicate whether the D2D communication sender user equipment UE performs PDCP header compression processing on the packet data convergence protocol PDCP protocol data unit PDU; and the sending module 54 is connected to the foregoing A determining module 52 is configured to send PDCP header compression indication information to the D2D communication receiver UE.

The foregoing first determining module 52 is further configured to: determine, by using at least one of the following manners, PDCP header compression indication information used to indicate whether the D2D communication sender user equipment UE performs PDCP header compression processing on the packet data convergence protocol PDCP protocol data unit PDU. Determining the PDCP header compression indication information according to the D2D communication service feature; determining the PDCP header compression indication information according to the configuration information sent by the D2D communication sender UE to the base station; determining the PDCP header compression indication according to the configuration information sent by the D2D communication sender UE to the ProSe server Information; determining PDCP header compression indication information according to configuration information sent by the application server AS to which the D2D communication sender UE belongs.

In this embodiment, the sending module 54 is further configured to send the PDCP header compression indication information to the D2D communication receiver UE by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in the PDCP PDU data packet.

In this embodiment, the sending module 54 is further configured to send the PDCP header compression indication information to the D2D communication receiver UE by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in the PDCP header portion of the PDCP PDU data packet.

The PDCP header part of the foregoing PDCP PDU data packet further includes at least one of the following information: maxCID, profiles.

In this embodiment, the sending module is further configured to send the PDCP header compression indication information to the D2D communication receiver UE by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in the PDU type field of the PDCP header portion in the PDCP PDU data packet. .

The PDU type field of the header portion of the PDCP is used to indicate the type of the PDCP PDU packet, and the value of the type includes at least one of the following: an Internet Protocol IP packet, an address resolution protocol ARP packet, an IP packet compressed by a header, and no header used. Compressed IP package.

FIG. 6 is a structural block diagram of a device-to-device D2D data transmission device 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the device includes a receiving module 62 and a processing module 64, which will be described below.

The receiving module 62 is configured to receive PDCP header compression indication information for indicating whether the D2D communication sender user equipment UE performs PDCP header compression processing on the packet data convergence protocol PDCP protocol data unit PDU; and the processing module 64 is connected to the foregoing receiving module 62. And configured to perform PDCP layer processing according to the received PDCP header compression indication information.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a preferred structure of a processing module 64 in a device-to-device D2D data transmission apparatus 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, the processing module 64 includes a processing unit 72 and a discarding unit 74. Processing module 64 is described.

The processing unit 72 is configured to perform a header decompression process on the received PDCP PDU when the PDCP header compression indication information indicates that the D2D communication sender UE performs PDCP header compression on the PDCP PDU; and the abandonment unit 74 is set to The PDCP header compression indication information indicates that the D2D communication sender UE does not perform header decompression processing on the received PDCP PDU without performing PDCP header compression on the PDCP PDU.

In this embodiment, the receiving module 62 is further configured to receive the PDCP header compression indication information by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in the PDCP PDU data packet.

In this embodiment, the receiving module 62 is further configured to receive the PDCP header compression indication information by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in the PDCP header portion of the PDCP PDU data packet.

The PDCP header part in the foregoing PDCP PDU data packet may further include at least one of the following information: maxCID, profiles.

In this embodiment, the receiving module 62 is further configured to receive the PDCP header compression indication information by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in the PDU type field of the PDCP header portion in the PDCP PDU data packet.

In this embodiment, the PDU type field of the PDCP header part is used to indicate the type of the PDCP PDU data packet, and the value of the type includes at least one of the following: an Internet Protocol IP packet, an address resolution protocol ARP packet, and an IP compressed by the header. Packets, IP packets that do not use header compression.

FIG. 8 is a structural block diagram of a device-to-device D2D data transmission device 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, the device includes a second determination module 82 and a transmission module 84, which will be described below.

The second determining module 82 is configured to determine a device-to-device D2D resource pool for the abnormal situation in the cell system message, and the transmission module 84 is connected to the second determining module 82, and configured to perform D2D data according to the determined D2D resource pool. transmission.

9 is a block diagram of a preferred structure of a device-to-device D2D data transmission device 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, the device includes a detection module 92, in addition to all the modules shown in FIG. The detection module 92 will be described.

The detecting module 92 is connected to the second determining module 82 and the transmitting module 84, and is configured to detect that the D2D user equipment that performs D2D data transmission is within the coverage of the cell.

In this embodiment, the D2D UE is within the coverage of the cell, and the cell in which the D2D UE is located may satisfy the cell selection S criterion.

10 is a block diagram of a preferred structure of a device-to-device D2D data transmission device 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 10, the device includes a determination module 102 and a stop module in addition to all the modules shown in FIG. 104. The device will be described below.

The determining module 102 is connected to the foregoing transmitting module 84, and is configured to determine whether a radio link control RRC reconfiguration message including D2D resource configuration information is received; the stopping module 104 is connected to the determining module 102, and is set to determine at the determining module. If the result is YES, the D2D resource pool for the abnormal situation in the system message is stopped.

FIG. 11 is a structural block diagram of a D2D UE according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 11, the D2D UE 112 includes the D2D data transmission device three 114 of any of the above.

For the related art, in a scenario where a D2D UE that is performing D2D communication moves from a non-cellular network coverage area to a cellular network coverage area, how to improve the continuity of D2D service service, and how the D2D receiver UE acquires the D2D radio bearer PDCP layer The problem with the parameters.

The D2D data transmission method provided by the foregoing embodiments and the preferred embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention enables the D2D UE to acquire resources for D2D communication data transmission in time, effectively reducing the delay of the D2D communication service, and ensuring continuous D2D communication service. And enable the D2D receiver UE to acquire the D2D radio bearer PDCP layer parameters to correctly parse the D2D communication data, and improve the D2D service quality and user experience. The D2D data transmission method will be described below.

The D2D data transmission method includes: the D2D communication sender UE transmits the PDCP header compression indication information to the D2D communication receiver UE; and the D2D communication receiver UE performs PDCP layer processing according to the header compression indication information.

The foregoing PDCP header compression indication information is used to indicate whether the D2D communication sender UE performs PDCP header compression on the PDCP PDU.

In this embodiment, the D2D communication sender UE may send the PDCP header compression indication information to the D2D communication receiver UE through the PDCP PDU data packet.

When the D2D communication sender UE transmits the PDCP header compression indication information to the D2D communication receiver UE through the PDCP PDU data packet, preferably, the D2D communication sender UE may include the PDCP header compression indication information in the PDCP in the PDCP PDU. Baotou part. It should be noted that the PDCP header part in the foregoing PDCP PDU may further include at least one of the following information: maxCID, profiles.

In this embodiment, when the D2D communication sender UE includes the PDCP header compression indication information in the PDCP header portion in the PDCP PDU, the D2D communication sender UE may include the PDCP header compression indication information in the PDCP header portion of the PDCP PDU. Within the PDU type field. The PDU type field is used to indicate the type of the PDCP PDU packet, and the value may be one of the following: an IP packet, an ARP packet, an IP packet compressed by a header, and an IP packet that does not use header compression.

It should be noted that, before the D2D communication sender UE sends the PDCP header compression indication information to the D2D communication receiver UE, the PDCP header compression indication information may be determined in multiple manners, for example, may be determined by at least one of the following manners. The D2D communication sender UE determines the PDCP header compression indication information according to the D2D communication service characteristics; the D2D communication sender UE determines the PDCP header compression indication information according to the base station configuration; the D2D communication sender UE determines the PDCP header compression according to the ProSe server or the application server configuration. Instructions.

When the D2D communication receiver UE performs PDCP layer processing according to the foregoing header compression indication information, the method includes: when the header compression indication information indicates that the D2D communication sender UE performs PDCP header compression on the PDCP PDU, the D2D communication receiver UE needs to receive the received signal. The PDCP PDU performs header decompression processing; if the header compression indication information indicates that the D2D communication sender UE does not perform PDCP header compression on the PDCP PDU, the D2D communication receiver UE does not perform header decompression processing on the received PDCP PDU.

In this embodiment, a D2D data transmission method is further provided, including: the D2D UE uses a D2D resource pool for an abnormal situation in a cell system message for D2D communication transmission.

The D2D UE uses the D2D resource pool for the abnormal situation in the cell system message for D2D communication transmission, including: the D2D UE detects that it is within the coverage of the cell, that is, the cell satisfies the cell selection S criterion.

The D2D UE detects that it is in the coverage of the cell, and may adopt multiple manners. For example, the D2D UE may detect that the cell satisfies the cell selection S criterion.

Before the D2D UE uses the D2D resource pool for the abnormal situation in the cell system message for the D2D communication, the D2D UE may further include: the D2D UE receives the D2D resource pool information for the abnormal situation in the cell system message.

In addition, after the D2D UE uses the D2D resource pool for the abnormal situation in the cell system message for the D2D communication, the D2D UE may further include: if the D2D UE receives the RRC reconfiguration message including the D2D resource configuration information, the D2D UE stops. Use the D2D resource pool for exceptions in the system message.

With the above embodiments and the preferred embodiments, how to improve the continuity of the D2D service service and how the D2D receiver UE is improved in the scenario where the D2D UE that is performing D2D communication moves from the non-cellular network coverage area to the cellular network coverage area is solved. Obtain the problem that the D2D radio carries the PDCP layer parameters. Compared with the related art, the D2D UE can acquire the resources for D2D communication data transmission in time, effectively reduce the delay of the D2D communication service, ensure the continuity of the D2D communication service, and enable the D2D receiver UE to acquire the D2D radio bearer PDCP layer. Parameters to correctly resolve D2D communication data and improve D2D service quality and user experience.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are described below.

Method preferred embodiment one

The preferred embodiment describes a method in which a sender D2D UE transmits a header compression indication to a receiver D2D UE. FIG. 12 is a flow chart according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 12, the flow includes the following steps:

Step 1: The D2D sender UE determines the PDCP header compression indication information according to the D2D communication service feature. Alternatively, the D2D communication sender UE determines the PDCP header compression indication information according to the base station configuration, and the base station can use the RRC dedicated signaling as the D2D sender UE. For example, the D2D communication sender UE determines the PDCP header compression indication information according to the ProSe server or the application server configuration. Specifically, the PDCP header compression indication information is used to indicate whether the D2D communication sender UE performs PDCP header compression on the PDCP PDU. specific. If the D2D communication sender UE determines that PDCP header compression is required, it also needs to determine parameter information of the PDCP header compression (for example, maxCID (upper layer configuration), profiles, etc.). Similarly, the parameter information of the PDCP header compression can also be accessed by D2D. The sender of the message is determined by the UE itself, or configured by the base station, or configured by the ProSe server or the application server. The parameter information of the PDCP header compression can also be determined by a protocol to a specific value. It should be noted that PDCP header compression is only used for IP packets.

Step 2: The D2D communication sender UE sends the header compression indication information to the D2D communication receiver UE. The D2D communication sender UE transmits the PDCP header compression indication information to the D2D communication receiver UE through the PDCP PDU data packet. Specifically, the D2D communication sender UE may include the PDCP header compression indication information in the PDCP header portion in the PDCP PDU. The D2D communication sender UE may indicate the header compression indication information through the PDU type field of the PDCP header portion of the PDCP PDU. 13 is a schematic diagram of a format of a D2D communication PDCP PDU packet according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 13, wherein a Layer-3 PDU Type field, that is, a PDU type field, is used to indicate a type of a D2D communication PDCP PDU packet, and its value is Can be one of the following: IP packet, ARP packet, IP packet using header compression, IP packet without header compression. If the value is an IP packet that uses header compression, it indicates that the PDCP PDU uses PDCP header compression. Otherwise, it indicates that the PDCP PDU does not use PDCP header compression. Table 1 shows an example of the value of the Layer-3 PDU Type field. As shown in Table 1, the value of 000 indicates that the PDCP PDU is an IP packet compressed by the header. The value 001 indicates that the PDCP PDU is an IP without header compression. package. Optionally, the PDCP header part of the PDCP PDU may further include the following PDCP header compression parameter information: maxCID and/or profiles.

Table 1: Layer-3 PDU Type Value

Bit Description 000 Use header compressed IP packets 001 IP packet without header compression 010 ARP 011-111 Reserved

Step 3: The receiving D2D UE performs PDCP layer processing according to the header compression indication information. Specifically, if the header compression indication information indicates that the D2D communication sender UE performs PDCP header compression on the PDCP PDU, the D2D communication receiver UE needs to perform header decompression processing on the received PDCP PDU; the header compression indication information indication In the case where the D2D communication sender UE does not perform PDCP header compression on the PDCP PDU, the D2D communication receiver UE does not perform header decompression processing on the received PDCP PDU.

Method preferred embodiment two

The preferred embodiment describes a method for obtaining available D2D resources in a process in which a UE performing D2D communication moves from a cellular network to a cellular network coverage. FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a scenario according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown at 14, the D2D UE1 outside the coverage of the cellular network is performing D2D communication, which uses the pre-configured mode 2 resource pool from which resources are acquired in a competitive manner to perform D2D communication data transmission. And, the D2D UE1 moves from the coverage area outside the cellular network to the coverage area of the lower cell of the base station 1. 15 is a schematic diagram of a method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 15, the D2D UE1 undergoes the following stages during the mobile process, and the D2D communication resources used in each stage are as follows:

Phase 1: The D2D UE is in a non-cellular network coverage area, where the UE uses pre-configured mode 2D2D communication resources. At this time, the UE moves to the coverage area of the cellular network of the base station 1.

Phase 2: The UE detects that the cell 1 in the base station 1 satisfies the criteria for selecting the S-cell, and assumes that the frequency of the cell 1 is the same as the frequency of the D2D resource pool pre-configured by the UE. In this case, the UE needs to stop using the pre-configured D2D communication resource pool. To avoid interference with cellular communications within cell 1. The UE will then attempt to read the D2D resource pool information in the SIB in the cell (the D2D resource pool is used for normal conditions and/or abnormal conditions). Assuming that the cell SIB includes D2D communication resource pool information, the UE is in phase 2 from detecting that the cell satisfies the S criterion to the time when the UE reads the D2D resource pool information in the SIB, and the UE has no available D2D resource in phase 2. , interrupt the transmission of D2D communication data. In this phase, if the SIB contains only the mode 2 resource pool for the abnormal situation, or the SIB contains the mode 2 resource pool for the normal case but the UE wants to obtain the mode 1 resource, the UE initiates the RRC connection establishment process. Try to establish an RRC connection with the base station.

Phase 3: After the UE reads the D2D resource pool information in the SIB, the UE resumes the transmission of the D2D communication data. The time during which the UE reads the D2D resource in the SIB until the UE completes the RRC connection setup procedure and receives the RRC reconfiguration message including the D2D resource configuration (mode1 and/or mode 2) is referred to as phase 3, and the UE uses the SIB in this phase. The mode 2 resource performs the transmission of D2D communication.

Phase 4: After acquiring the D2D resource configuration information (which may be mode 1 configuration information or mode 2 resource pool information) sent by the base station through the dedicated signaling, the UE performs D2D communication according to the resource configuration information.

It should be noted that the D2D UE can use the D2D communication mode 2 resource of the cell for normal or abnormal conditions only when it is within the coverage of the cell (ie, the cell satisfies the cell selection S criterion). Once the UE detects that the cell does not satisfy the S criterion, the D2D communication mode 2 resource for the normal or abnormal condition of the cell is stopped.

Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that the above modules or steps of the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by a general computing device, which can be concentrated on a single computing device or distributed in multiple computing devices. Alternatively, they may be implemented by program code executable by the computing device such that they may be stored in the storage device by the computing device and, in some cases, may be different from The steps shown or described are performed sequentially, or they are separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or a plurality of modules or steps thereof are fabricated into a single integrated circuit module. Thus, embodiments of the invention are not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and changes can be made to the embodiments of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Industrial applicability

As described above, the above-mentioned embodiments and the preferred embodiments solve the problem that the D2D UE cannot correctly parse the D2D communication data in the related art, and further, the D2D communication receiver UE obtains the PDCP header compression indication information, and can correctly parse the D2D. The effect of communication data.

Claims (37)

A device-to-device D2D data transmission method includes: Determining PDCP header compression indication information for indicating whether the D2D communication sender user equipment UE performs PDCP header compression processing on the packet data convergence protocol PDCP protocol data unit PDU; The PDCP header compression indication information is sent to the D2D communication receiver UE. The method according to claim 1, wherein the PDCP header compression indication for indicating whether the D2D communication sender user equipment UE performs PDCP header compression processing on the packet data convergence protocol PDCP protocol data unit PDU is determined by at least one of the following manners information: Determining, according to a D2D communication service feature, the PDCP header compression indication information; Determining, according to the configuration information sent by the base station to which the D2D communication sender UE belongs, the PDCP header compression indication information; Determining, according to the configuration information sent by the ProSe server to which the D2D communication sender UE belongs, the PDCP header compression indication information; And determining, according to the configuration information sent by the application server AS to which the D2D communication sender UE belongs, the PDCP header compression indication information. The method according to claim 1, wherein the PDCP header compression indication information is transmitted to the D2D communication receiver UE by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in a PDCP PDU data packet. The method according to claim 3, wherein the PDCP header compression indication information is sent to the D2D communication receiver UE by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in a PDCP header portion of the PDCP PDU data packet. . The method of claim 4, wherein the PDCP header portion of the PDCP PDU packet further comprises at least one of the following information: maxCID, profiles. The method according to claim 4, wherein said PDCP is transmitted to a D2D communication recipient UE by carrying said PDCP header compression indication information in a PDU type field of a PDCP header portion in said PDCP PDU data packet The header compresses the indication information. The method according to claim 6, wherein the PDU type field of the PDCP header portion is used to indicate a type of the PDCP PDU data packet, and the value of the type includes at least one of the following: Internet Protocol IP packet, address resolution protocol ARP packet, IP packet using header compression, IP packet without header compression. A device-to-device D2D data transmission method includes: Receiving PDCP header compression indication information for indicating whether the D2D communication sender user equipment UE performs PDCP header compression processing on the packet data convergence protocol PDCP protocol data unit PDU; The PDCP layer processing is performed according to the received PDCP header compression indication information. The method according to claim 8, wherein performing PDCP layer processing according to the received PDCP header compression indication information comprises: And performing, in the case that the PDCP header compression indication information indicates that the D2D communication sender UE performs PDCP header compression on the PDCP PDU, performing header decompression processing on the received PDCP PDU; And in the case that the PDCP header compression indication information indicates that the D2D communication sender UE does not perform PDCP header compression on the PDCP PDU, the header decompression process is performed on the received PDCP PDU. The method according to claim 8, wherein the PDCP header compression indication information is received by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in a PDCP PDU data packet. The method according to claim 10, wherein the PDCP header compression indication information is received by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in a PDCP header portion of the PDCP PDU data packet. The method of claim 11, wherein the PDCP header portion of the PDCP PDU packet further comprises at least one of the following information: maxCID, profiles. The method according to claim 11, wherein the PDCP header compression indication information is received by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in a PDU type field of a PDCP header portion in the PDCP PDU data packet. The method according to claim 13, wherein the PDU type field of the PDCP header portion is used to indicate a type of the PDCP PDU data packet, and the value of the type includes at least one of the following: Internet Protocol IP packet, address resolution protocol ARP packet, IP packet using header compression, IP packet without header compression. A device-to-device D2D data transmission method includes: Determining a device-to-device D2D resource pool for an abnormal situation in the cell system message; D2D data transmission is performed according to the determined D2D resource pool. The method according to claim 15, wherein before performing D2D data transmission according to the determined D2D resource pool, the method further comprises: It is detected that the D2D user equipment UE performing D2D data transmission is within the coverage of the cell. The method according to claim 16, wherein the D2D UE is within the coverage of the cell, and the cell in which the D2D UE is located satisfies a cell selection S criterion. The method according to claim 15, wherein after the D2D data transmission is performed according to the determined D2D resource pool, the method further includes: Determining whether a radio link control RRC reconfiguration message including D2D resource configuration information is received; In the case where the judgment result is YES, the use of the D2D resource pool for the abnormal situation in the system message is stopped. A device-to-device D2D data transmission device includes: a first determining module, configured to determine PDCP header compression indication information used to indicate whether the D2D communication sender user equipment UE performs PDCP header compression processing on the packet data convergence protocol PDCP protocol data unit PDU; And a sending module, configured to send the PDCP header compression indication information to the D2D communication receiver UE. The apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the first determining module is further configured to determine, by at least one of: determining whether the D2D communication sender user equipment UE is to the packet data convergence protocol PDCP protocol data unit PDU. PDCP header compression indication information for performing PDCP header compression processing: Determining, according to a D2D communication service feature, the PDCP header compression indication information; Determining, according to the configuration information sent by the base station to which the D2D communication sender UE belongs, the PDCP header compression indication information; Determining, according to the configuration information sent by the ProSe server to which the D2D communication sender UE belongs, the PDCP header compression indication information; And determining, according to the configuration information sent by the application server AS to which the D2D communication sender UE belongs, the PDCP header compression indication information. The apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the sending module is further configured to send the PDCP header compression indication to the D2D communication receiver UE by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in a PDCP PDU data packet. information. The apparatus according to claim 21, wherein said transmitting module is further configured to transmit to said D2D communication receiver UE by carrying said PDCP header compression indication information in a PDCP header portion of said PDCP PDU data packet Sending the PDCP header compression indication information. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the PDCP header portion of the PDCP PDU packet further comprises at least one of the following information: maxCID, profiles. The apparatus according to claim 22, wherein said transmitting module is further configured to transmit to said D2D by carrying said PDCP header compression indication information in a PDU type field of a PDCP header portion of said PDCP PDU data packet The communication receiver UE transmits the PDCP header compression indication information. The apparatus according to claim 24, wherein the PDU type field of the PDCP header portion is used to indicate a type of the PDCP PDU data packet, and the value of the type includes at least one of the following: Internet Protocol IP packet, address resolution protocol ARP packet, IP packet using header compression, IP packet without header compression. A device-to-device D2D data transmission device includes: a receiving module, configured to receive PDCP header compression indication information for indicating whether the D2D communication sender user equipment UE performs PDCP header compression processing on the packet data convergence protocol PDCP protocol data unit PDU; The processing module is configured to perform PDCP layer processing according to the received PDCP header compression indication information. The apparatus of claim 26 wherein said processing module comprises: a processing unit, configured to perform a header decompression process on the received PDCP PDU if the PDCP header compression indication information indicates that the D2D communication sender UE performs PDCP header compression on the PDCP PDU; And the abandoning unit is configured to, when the PDCP header compression indication information indicates that the D2D communication sender UE does not perform PDCP header compression on the PDCP PDU, discard the header decompression process on the received PDCP PDU. The apparatus according to claim 26, wherein the receiving module is further configured to receive the PDCP header compression indication information by carrying the PDCP header compression indication information in a PDCP PDU data packet. The apparatus according to claim 28, wherein said receiving module is further configured to receive said PDCP header by carrying said PDCP header compression indication information in a PDCP header portion of said PDCP PDU data packet Compress the indication information. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the PDCP header portion of the PDCP PDU packet further comprises at least one of the following information: maxCID, profiles. The apparatus according to claim 29, wherein said receiving module is further configured to receive by receiving said PDCP header compression indication information in a PDU type field of a PDCP header portion of said PDCP PDU data packet The PDCP header compresses the indication information. The apparatus according to claim 31, wherein the PDU type field of the PDCP header portion is used to indicate a type of the PDCP PDU data packet, and the value of the type includes at least one of the following: Internet Protocol IP packet, address resolution protocol ARP packet, IP packet using header compression, IP packet without header compression. A device-to-device D2D data transmission device includes: a second determining module, configured to determine a device-to-device D2D resource pool for an abnormal situation in the cell system message; The transmission module is configured to perform D2D data transmission according to the determined D2D resource pool. The apparatus of claim 33, further comprising: The detecting module is configured to detect that the D2D user equipment that performs D2D data transmission is within the coverage of the cell. The apparatus according to claim 33, wherein the D2D UE is within the coverage of the cell, and the cell in which the D2D UE is located satisfies a cell selection S criterion. The apparatus of claim 33, further comprising: a determining module, configured to determine whether a radio link control RRC reconfiguration message including D2D resource configuration information is received; The stopping module is configured to stop using the D2D resource pool for the abnormal situation in the system message if the determination result of the determining module is YES. A device to device D2D user equipment UE, comprising the apparatus of any one of claims 19 to 36.

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