WO2016068108A1 - ε-カプロラクタムの製造方法 - Google Patents
ε-カプロラクタムの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016068108A1 WO2016068108A1 PCT/JP2015/080183 JP2015080183W WO2016068108A1 WO 2016068108 A1 WO2016068108 A1 WO 2016068108A1 JP 2015080183 W JP2015080183 W JP 2015080183W WO 2016068108 A1 WO2016068108 A1 WO 2016068108A1
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- caprolactam
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D201/00—Preparation, separation, purification or stabilisation of unsubstituted lactams
- C07D201/02—Preparation of lactams
- C07D201/08—Preparation of lactams from carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. hydroxy carboxylic acids, lactones or nitriles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/44—Palladium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D223/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D223/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D223/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D223/08—Oxygen atoms
- C07D223/10—Oxygen atoms attached in position 2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
- C08G69/08—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from amino-carboxylic acids
- C08G69/14—Lactams
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B61/00—Other general methods
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing ⁇ -caprolactam as a raw material for polyamide.
- ⁇ -Caprolactam is an important chemical raw material used as a raw material for nylon and the like, is industrially produced all over the world, and most of it is used as a raw material for nylon 6, which is a polyamide.
- Non-patent Document 1 a method using a combination of cyclohexanone and ammoximation and a gas phase Beckmann rearrangement reaction (Non-patent Document 1), ⁇ -caprolactone in the presence of ammonia and a catalyst A method (Patent Document 1) in which contact is caused to react has been proposed.
- caprolactam production methods are based on crude oil.
- development of a method for producing caprolactam from biomass that is a renewable resource or a material that can be derived from the biomass resource is required.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method for producing ⁇ -caprolactam from ⁇ -caprolactone using 5-hydroxymethylfurfural as a raw material.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a method for producing ⁇ -caprolactam by reacting adipic acid as a raw material with hydrogen and ammonia.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a method for producing ⁇ -caprolactam by reacting muconic acid as a raw material with hydrogen and ammonia.
- Patent Document 2 includes hydrogenation of 5-hydroxydimethylfurfural, hydrogenolysis of 2,5-dimethylhydroxymethyltetrahydrofuran, intramolecular dehydration condensation of 1,2,6-hexanediol, (tetrahydro-2H-pyran- 2-yl) a method of synthesizing ⁇ -caprolactam through a multi-step reaction process such as hydrogenation ring opening of methanol, intramolecular ring closure of 1,6-hexanediol, and amidation of ⁇ -caprolactone. Not desirable.
- ⁇ -caprolactam can be synthesized by a one-step reaction process using adipic acid derivable from biomass resources as a raw material.
- adipic acid derivable from biomass resources as a raw material.
- the yield of ⁇ -caprolactam is low and by-products such as hexamethyleneimine and 6-aminocaproic acid are generated.
- ⁇ -caprolactam can be synthesized by a one-step reaction process using muconic acid derivable from biomass resources as a raw material.
- muconic acid has three geometric isomers (cis-cis, trans-trans, and cis-trans) due to its two double bonds, but the reactivity of each isomer is different.
- the present invention provides a method for selectively producing ⁇ -caprolactam from a material that can be derived from biomass resources as a raw material, without producing ammonium sulfate as a by-product in a short reaction step, and suppressing the production of by-products. Objective.
- the present inventor reacts hydrogen and ammonia with a compound represented by the general formula (I) or (II), which is a substance derivable from biomass resources, as a raw material.
- a compound represented by the general formula (I) or (II) which is a substance derivable from biomass resources, as a raw material.
- the inventors have found a method for producing ⁇ -caprolactam that does not produce ammonium sulfate as a by-product and suppresses the production of by-products, and has completed the invention.
- the present invention comprises the following (1) to (10).
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 each independently represent OR 4 or NR 5 R 6 , R 4 each independently represents H, or alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and R 5 represents Independently represents H or alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and X represents —CH (OH) CH 2 CH 2 —, CH 2 CH (OH) CH 2 —, —CH ⁇ CHCH 2 — or —CH 2 CH ⁇ CH -Represents.
- a method for producing ⁇ -caprolactam comprising a step of reacting a compound represented by the formula: or a salt of these compounds with hydrogen and ammonia.
- the compound represented by the general formula (I) or (II) is ⁇ -hydromuconic acid, 3-hydroxyadipic acid or 3-hydroxyadipic acid-3,6-lactone, or a salt of these compounds.
- the method according to 1). (3) The method according to (2), wherein the compound represented by the general formula (I) or (II) is ⁇ -hydromuconic acid or a salt thereof.
- the method according to (2), wherein the compound represented by the general formula (I) or (II) is 3-hydroxyadipic acid or a salt thereof.
- the method according to (2), wherein the compound represented by the general formula (I) or (II) is 3-hydroxyadipic acid-3,6-lactone or a salt thereof.
- the biomass resource means an organic resource derived from a renewable organism, and refers to a resource made of organic matter generated by a plant immobilizing carbon dioxide using solar energy.
- a renewable organism e.g., corn, sugarcane, potatoes, wheat, rice, soybeans, pulp, kenaf, rice straw, straw, bagasse, corn stover, switchgrass, weeds, waste paper, wood, charcoal, natural rubber, cotton, soybean oil , Palm oil, safflower oil, castor oil and the like.
- a substance that can be derived from biomass resources means a substance that can be derived from the above biomass resources by fermentation, chemical conversion, or the like, a substance that can be induced, or a derived substance.
- a compound represented by the general formula (I) or (II) or a salt of these compounds is used as a raw material.
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 each independently represents OR 4 or NR 5 R 6
- R 4 each independently represents H, an alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms
- each R 5 independently represents H or alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms
- X represents —CH (OH) CH 2 CH 2 —, CH 2 CH (OH) CH 2 —, —CH ⁇ CHCH 2 — or —CH 2 CH ⁇ CH— is represented.
- a single compound may be used as a raw material, or a mixture of a plurality of compounds may be used as a raw material.
- R 1, R 2 and R 3 are OR 4 is preferably, R 4 Is more preferably H or alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, particularly OH, OMe, or OEt.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (I) or (II) used in the present invention include the following formula (I-1) to formula (I-5) or formula (II-1) to formula:
- the compound represented by (II-2) is preferred.
- 3-hydroxyadipic acid represented by formula (II-1) -3,6-lactone is more preferred.
- the ⁇ -hydromuconic acid represented by the formula (I-1) is an organic compound also called 2-hexene dicarboxylic acid, and is a dicarboxylic acid having 6 carbons having one double bond at the ⁇ -position of the carbonyl carbon. . Since ⁇ -hydromuconic acid has a double bond in the molecule, there are geometric isomers of cis and trans isomers. In the production method of the present invention, cis isomer, trans isomer, or cis isomer and trans isomer are present. Any body mixture can be used as a raw material.
- ⁇ -Hydrmuconic acid (I-1) can be derived from biomass resources.
- biomass resources For example, naturally or artificially improved ⁇ -hydromuconic acid-producing ability such as genetic engineering, Cupriavidus, Acinetobacter, Delftia, Shimwellia, Escherichia, Psudomonas, etc.
- a method of fermenting and producing a carbon source that can be derived from biomass resources such as glucose, xylose, and glycerol. Further, as described later, it can also be synthesized by intramolecular dehydration of 3-hydroxyadipic acid derived from biomass resources.
- 3-Hydroxyadipic acid represented by the formula (I-2) is an organic compound also called 3-hydroxyhexanedicarboxylic acid, and is a dicarboxylic acid having 6 carbon atoms having one hydroxyl group at the ⁇ -position of the carbonyl carbon. .
- 3-Hydroxyadipic acid can be derived from biomass resources.
- Naturally or artificially improved 3-hydroxyadipic acid producing ability such as genetic engineering, Cupriavidus microorganism, Acinetobacter microorganism, Delftia microorganism, Shimwellia microorganism, Escherichia microorganism, Psudomonas microorganism
- a method of fermentative production using a carbon source that can be derived from biomass resources such as glucose, xylose, and glycerol using a microorganism such as Further, as described later, 3-hydroxyadipic acid can also be synthesized by hydrogen reduction of ⁇ -ketoadipic acid derived from biomass resources.
- 3-hydroxyadipic acid-3,6-lactone can be derived from biomass resources.
- 3-hydroxyadipic acid-3,6-lactone can be derived from ⁇ -ketoadipic acid.
- ⁇ -ketoadipic acid is a compound that is biosynthesized in the metabolic process of an aromatic compound such as protocatechuic acid or catechol ( ⁇ -ketoadipate pathway).
- JP-A-2012-59 discloses the production of ⁇ -ketoadipic acid from protocatechuic acid using Pseudomonas putida that has been genetically modified. A method is disclosed.
- protocatechuic acid and catechol are biomass resource-derived substances that can be produced by microbial fermentation using sugar as a carbon source.
- a method for fermentative production of protocatechuic acid and catechol using glucose as a single carbon source is disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,272,733. Therefore, it can be said that 3-hydroxyadipic acid-3,6-lactone is a substance derivable from biomass resources.
- the method for producing ⁇ -caprolactam according to the present invention includes, among compounds represented by the general formula (I) or (II), in particular, ⁇ -hydromuconic acid (I-1), 3- Hydroxyadipic acid (I-2) and 3-hydroxyadipic acid-3,6-lactone (II-1) can be used as raw materials.
- ⁇ -hydromuconic acid (I-1), 3- Hydroxyadipic acid (I-2) and 3-hydroxyadipic acid-3,6-lactone (II-1) can be used as raw materials.
- the general formula derived from fossil resources such as petroleum
- the compound represented by (I) or (II) can be used as a raw material.
- a free form or a salt of the compound represented by the general formula (I) or (II) can be used as a raw material used in the production method of the present invention.
- a mixture of free form and salt can be used.
- the salt may be a monovalent salt or a divalent salt.
- an alkali metal salt, an alkaline earth metal salt, or an ammonium salt can be used.
- the monovalent salt of the compound represented by the general formula (I) or (II) include a monoammonium salt, a monolithium salt, a monosodium salt, and a monopotassium salt.
- the valent salt include diammonium salt, dilithium salt, disodium salt, dipotassium salt, magnesium salt, calcium salt, and diammonium salt. Even a mixture of these different salts can be used as a raw material.
- the reaction in the method for producing ⁇ -caprolactam of the present invention, can be promoted by carrying out the reaction in the presence of a catalyst.
- the catalyst is preferably a noble metal, and specifically includes palladium, platinum, gold, copper, ruthenium, rhodium, cobalt, rhenium, and nickel, and may be an alloy containing one or more of these.
- the noble metal may be used as a catalyst as it is, but the noble metal may be supported on the support from the viewpoint of saving the amount of noble metal used and increasing the surface area of the catalyst.
- the carrier include aluminum oxide (alumina), silicon dioxide, zeolite, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, tungsten oxide, chromium oxide and the like, silica alumina, silica zirconia, silica titania, silica magnesia, alumina zirconia, and alumina boria. , Tungsten oxide, composite oxides such as tungsten silica, and carbon.
- the supported amount is usually 0.1 to 10 weight percent in terms of element with respect to the support, but the compound represented by the general formula (I) or (II) or a salt thereof It can be appropriately selected.
- the amount of catalyst to be added should be 0.1 to 20 weight percent with respect to the compound represented by the general formula (I) or (II) as a reaction substrate or a salt thereof. Good. Moreover, you may use repeatedly a catalyst separated by filtration after completion
- an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen, helium or argon or in a hydrogen atmosphere.
- hydrogen and ammonia may be added all at once (batch type) or sequentially (continuous type) to the reaction vessel, and hydrogen and ammonia may be added individually or mixed and added. May be.
- a mixed gas with nitrogen, helium, argon, water vapor or the like may be used.
- the pressure of hydrogen is not particularly limited, but if it is too low, the reaction time becomes long. Therefore, at the start of the reaction, it is preferably 0.5 MPa or more and 10 MPa or less (gauge pressure) at room temperature.
- Ammonia may be added to the reaction vessel in either a gaseous state or a liquid state.
- liquid ammonia or a solution in which ammonia is dissolved at normal pressure can be used.
- an aqueous ammonia solution, an ammonia dioxane solution, an ammonia chloroform solution, an ammonia ether solution, an ammonia alcohol solution, etc. can be preferably used.
- the pressure when ammonia gas is used is not particularly limited, but if it is too low, the reaction time becomes long. Therefore, at the start of the reaction, it is preferably 0.1 MPa or more and 5 MPa or less (gauge pressure) at room temperature.
- the reaction can be carried out in the presence of a solvent.
- the solvent to be used is not limited, but alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol and butanol, halogen solvents such as carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane and chloroform, aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as pentane, hexane, heptane, octane and decane.
- Aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene, toluene, xylene, ether solvents such as dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, diglyme, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, ⁇ -butyrolactone, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, water Of these, two or more kinds of mixed solvents may be used.
- an aprotic solvent such as dioxane, diglyme or tetrahydrofuran is used.
- 3-Hydroxyadipic acid-3,6-lactone (II-1) is a polar solvent such as alcohol, ⁇ -butyrolactone, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, water, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, diglyme, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane. Even non-polar solvents such as those dissolve well in solvents containing oxygen atoms. Therefore, when 3-hydroxyadipic acid-3,6-lactone is used as a raw material, the use of these solvents makes it possible to charge the raw material at a high concentration and increase the productivity of the target product, caprolactam. .
- reaction temperature In the method for producing ⁇ -caprolactam of the present invention, the reaction may be carried out under heating conditions.
- the reaction temperature is preferably 100 ° C. or higher and 350 ° C. or lower, more preferably 150 ° C. or higher and 300 ° C. or lower, as the reaction vessel internal temperature.
- the reaction time is appropriately selected according to the reaction temperature and other conditions, but is usually about 0.5 to 12 hours.
- ⁇ -caprolactam can be recovered by ordinary separation and purification operations such as filtration, extraction and distillation after completion of the reaction. Hydrogen and ammonia may be recycled to the reaction system.
- ⁇ -caprolactam when an intermediate such as adipamide (hexanedioic acid amide) is produced, the yield of ⁇ -caprolactam can be increased by collecting and recycling.
- the ⁇ -caprolactam obtained by the method for producing ⁇ -caprolactam of the present invention can be used as a raw material for the production of polyamide.
- a method for producing the polyamide a known method of ring-opening polymerization of ⁇ -caprolactam can be applied (see Fukumoto Osamu, “Polyamide Resin Handbook”, Nikkan Kogyo Publishing Co., Ltd. (January 1998)).
- Adipamide yield (%) 100 ⁇ produced adipamide (mol) ⁇ feed material (mol)
- Hexamethyleneimine yield (%) 100 x produced hexamethyleneimine (mol) ⁇ feedstock (mol)
- Molar balance (%) 100 ⁇ total reaction product (mol) ⁇ feedstock (mol).
- Example 1 Production of ⁇ -caprolactam using ⁇ -hydromuconic acid (I-1) (Condition 1)
- a stainless steel autoclave made by pressure-resistant glass industry having an internal volume of 0.2 L
- 1.0 g of ⁇ -hydromuconic acid synthesized in Reference Example 1 0.1 L of dioxane (made by Wako Pure Chemical Industries) and 5 weight percent palladium were supported.
- 0.05 g of ⁇ -alumina (Pd / ⁇ Al 2 O 3 , Alfa aser) was added.
- ammonia gas was added to the autoclave, the internal pressure of the autoclave was adjusted to 0.35 MPa (gauge pressure), and the mixture was stirred at 1000 rpm for 30 minutes at room temperature.
- the reaction solution was analyzed by gas chromatography, and the solid obtained by concentrating the reaction solution with a rotary evaporator (manufactured by Tokyo Rika Kikai Co., Ltd.) was subjected to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, manufactured by JEOL Ltd.). ).
- HPLC high performance liquid chromatography
- 1 H-NMR 400 MHz, manufactured by JEOL Ltd.
- Comparative Example 1 As Comparative Example 1, a trans-transmuconic acid (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was used as a raw material dicarboxylic acid under the same conditions (pressure, temperature, time, catalyst, solvent, concentration) as in Examples 1-6. The results described in Document 2 are also shown in Table 1.
- Examples 7 to 12 Production of ⁇ -caprolactam (Condition 2) As raw materials, ⁇ -hydromuconic acid (I-1, Example 7), 3-hydroxyadipic acid (I-2, Example 8), 3-hydroxyadipic acid-3,6-lactone (II-1, Example) 9), ⁇ -hydromuconic acid dimethyl ester (I-3, Example 10), ⁇ -hydromuconic acid monomethyl ester (I-4, Example 11), 3-hydroxyadipic acid methyl ester-3,6-lactone (II -2, Example 12) was used, the internal pressure of the added ammonia gas autoclave was changed to 0.18 MPa (gauge pressure), and the internal pressure of the added hydrogen autoclave was changed to 0.72 MPa in terms of hydrogen partial pressure.
- ⁇ -Caprolactam was produced under the same conditions as in Examples 1 to 6 except that the pressure was changed to (gauge pressure) (total pressure (gauge pressure): 0.90 MPa). The results are shown in Table 2.
- Examples 1 to 6 the byproduct was only hexamethyleneimine, and the amount produced was small.
- Adipamide is produced in a yield of about 45%, but adipamide is a reaction intermediate and can be converted to the desired ⁇ -caprolactam by subjecting it to the same reaction conditions. That is, adipamide is separated and purified as necessary, and recycled as a raw material, whereby the yield of the target ⁇ -caprolactam can be improved to the limit.
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Abstract
Description
(1)一般式(I)または(II)
で示される化合物、またはこれら化合物の塩を、水素およびアンモニアと反応させる工程を含む、ε-カプロラクタムの製造方法。
(3)一般式(I)または(II)で示される化合物が、α-ヒドロムコン酸又はその塩である(2)に記載の方法。
(4)一般式(I)または(II)で示される化合物が、3-ヒドロキシアジピン酸又はその塩である(2)に記載の方法。
(5)一般式(I)または(II)で示される化合物が、3-ヒドロキシアジピン酸-3,6-ラクトン又はその塩である(2)に記載の方法。
(6)前記工程を触媒の存在下で行う、(1)から(5)のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(7)前記触媒が、パラジウム、白金、金、銅、ルテニウム、ロジウム、コバルト、レニウムおよびニッケルからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種類以上である、(6)に記載の方法。
(8)前記触媒が、パラジウム、白金、金、ルテニウム、ロジウム、コバルト、レニウムおよびニッケルからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種類以上である、(7)に記載の方法。
(9)前記触媒が、パラジウムである(8)記載の方法。
(10)前記工程の反応開始時における水素の圧力が、常温、ゲージ圧で0.5MPa以上10MPa以下である、(1)から(9)のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
本発明のε-カプロラクタムの製造方法では、触媒の存在下で反応を行うことで、反応を促進することが出来る。触媒は貴金属が好ましく、具体的には、パラジウム、白金、金、銅、ルテニウム、ロジウム、コバルト、レニウム、ニッケルが挙げられ、これらのうちの1種類以上を含む合金であってもよい。
本発明における水素、アンモニアは、反応容器に一括添加(バッチ式)しても逐次添加(連続式)してもよく、水素およびアンモニアをそれぞれ単独で添加してもよいし、混合して添加してもよい。
本発明のε-カプロラクタムの製造方法では、溶媒の存在下で反応を行うことができる。使用される溶媒は限定されないが、メタノール、エタノール、ブタノールなどのアルコール系溶媒、四塩化炭素、ジクロロメタン、クロロホルムなどのハロゲン系溶媒、ペンタン、ヘキサン、ヘプタン、オクタン、デカンなどの脂肪族炭化水素系溶媒、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレンなどの芳香族炭化水素系溶媒、ジメチルエーテル、ジエチルエーテル、1,2-ジメトキシエタン、ジグリム、テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサンなどのエーテル系溶媒、γブチロラクトン、N-メチルピロリドン、ジメチルスルホキシド、水などが挙げられ、これらのうち2種類以上の混合溶媒でもよい。好ましくは、ジオキサン、ジグリム、テトラヒドロフラン等の非プロトン性溶媒が使用される。
本発明のε-カプロラクタムの製造方法では、加熱条件下で反応を行ってもよい。反応温度は反応容器内温で100℃以上350℃以下が好ましく、より好ましくは、150℃以上300℃以下である。また、反応時間は、反応温度や他の条件に応じて適宜選択されるが、通常、0.5時間~12時間程度である。
本発明におけるε-カプロラクタムの製造方法では、反応終了後に濾過、抽出、蒸留など通常の分離精製操作によりε-カプロラクタムを回収することができる。水素とアンモニアは反応系にリサイクルしてもよい。また、ε-カプロラクタム以外にアジポアミド(ヘキサン二酸アミド)などの中間体が生成した場合、回収、リサイクルすることでε-カプロラクタムの収率を上げることが出来る。
本発明のε-カプロラクタムの製造方法で得られるε-カプロラクタムは、これを原料としてポリアミドの製造に使用することが出来る。該ポリアミドの製造方法としては、ε-カプロラクタムを開環重合させる公知の方法を適用できる(福本修編、「ポリアミド樹脂ハンドブック」日刊工業出版社(1998年1月)参照)。
ε-カプロラクタム収率(%)=100×生成ε-カプロラクタム(mol)÷供給原料(mol)
アジポアミド収率(%)=100×生成アジポアミド(mol)÷供給原料(mol)
ヘキサメチレンイミン収率(%)=100×生成ヘキサメチレンイミン(mol)÷供給原料(mol)
モルバランス(%)=100×全反応生成物(mol)÷供給原料(mol)。
本発明で使用したα-ヒドロムコン酸は化学合成により準備した。
本発明で使用した3-ヒドロキシアジピン酸は化学合成により準備した。
本発明で使用した3-ヒドロキシアジピン酸-3,6-ラクトンは化学合成により準備した。
本発明で使用したα-ヒドロムコン酸ジメチルエステルおよびα-ヒドロムコン酸モノメチルエステルは化学合成により準備した。
1H-NMR(400MHz、CDCl3):δ2.46-2.57(m、4H)、δ3.69(s、3H)、δ3.72(s、3H)、δ5.86(m、1H)、δ6.91-7.02(m、1H)
1H-NMR(400MHz、CDCl3):δ2.54(m、4H)、δ3.73(s、3H)、δ5.88(m、1H)、δ6.91-7.00(m、1H)。
本発明で使用した3-ヒドロキシアジピン酸メチルエステル-3,6-ラクトンは化学合成により準備した。
内容量0.2Lのステンレス製オートクレーブ(耐圧ガラス工業社製)に、参考例1で合成したα-ヒドロムコン酸1.0gとジオキサン0.1L(和光純薬社製)と5重量パーセントパラジウム担持したγアルミナ(Pd/γAl2O3、Alfa aser社製)0.05gを添加した。次いで、オートクレーブにアンモニアガスを添加し、オートクレーブの内圧を0.35MPa(ゲージ圧)となるよう調節した後、1000rpmで30分間室温で攪拌した。次いで、攪拌を継続しながら水素を添加し、オートクレーブの内圧を水素の分圧換算で1.35MPa(ゲージ圧)となるよう調節した(全圧(ゲージ圧):1.7MPa)。次いで、オートクレーブ内の温度を250℃で3時間加熱した。反応終了後、室温まで放冷し、オートクレーブ内のガスを放出して常圧に戻した後、反応溶液を回収した。反応溶液をガスクロマトグラフィーで分析し、ロータリーエバポレーター(東京理化器械社製)で反応溶液を濃縮して得られた固体を高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)および1H-NMR(400MHz、日本電子社製)により分析した。結果を表1に示した。なお、ε-カプロラクタムの定量分析は高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)で、副産物の定量分析はガスクロマトグラフィーで行い、アジポアミドの定量分析は1H-NMRで行った。
HPLC:Prominence(島津製作所社製)
カラム:Synergi hydro-RP(Phenomenex社製)、長さ250mm、内径4.60mm、粒径4μm
移動相:0.1%リン酸水溶液/アセトニトリル=85/15
流速:1.0mL/分
検出器:UV(210nm)
カラム温度:40℃。
GCMS:GCMS-QP2010Ultra(島津製作所社製)
カラム:DB-5、長さ30m、内径0.25mm、膜厚1.00μm(Agilent Technologies社製)
キャリアガス:ヘリウム, 線速度一定(39.0cm/秒)
スプリット比:10
気化室:280℃
カラムオーブン温度:100℃(4分)→(10℃/分)→320℃(11分)
インターフェイス温度:280℃。
実施例1と同様の方法で、原料として、α-ヒドロムコン酸(I-1)の代わりに、参考例2で合成した3-ヒドロキシアジピン酸(I-2、実施例2)、参考例3で合成した3-ヒドロキシアジピン酸-3,6-ラクトン(II-1、実施例3)、参考例4で合成したα-ヒドロムコン酸ジメチルエステル(I-3、実施例4)、参考例4で合成したα-ヒドロムコン酸モノメチルエステル(I-4、実施例5)、参考例5で合成した3-ヒドロキシアジピン酸メチルエステル-3,6-ラクトン(II-2、実施例6)をそれぞれ使用して、ε-カプロラクタムの製造を行った。各結果を表1に示した。
比較例1として、実施例1~6と同一条件(圧力、温度、時間、触媒、溶媒、濃度)で、トランス-トランスムコン酸(東京化成工業社製)を原料のジカルボン酸として使用した、特許文献2に記載の結果も表1に示した。
原料として、α-ヒドロムコン酸(I-1、実施例7)、3-ヒドロキシアジピン酸(I-2、実施例8)、3-ヒドロキシアジピン酸-3,6-ラクトン(II-1、実施例9)、α-ヒドロムコン酸ジメチルエステル(I-3、実施例10)、α-ヒドロムコン酸モノメチルエステル(I-4、実施例11)、3-ヒドロキシアジピン酸メチルエステル-3,6-ラクトン(II-2、実施例12)をそれぞれ使用し、添加したアンモニアガスのオートクレーブの内圧を0.18MPa(ゲージ圧)に変更し、また添加した水素のオートクレーブの内圧を水素の分圧換算で0.72MPa(ゲージ圧)(全圧(ゲージ圧):0.90MPa)に変更した以外は実施例1~6と同様の条件で、ε-カプロラクタムの製造を行った。各結果を表2に示した。
Claims (10)
- 一般式(I)または(II)で示される化合物が、α-ヒドロムコン酸、3-ヒドロキシアジピン酸もしくは3-ヒドロキシアジピン酸-3,6-ラクトン、またはこれら化合物の塩である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 一般式(I)または(II)で示される化合物が、α-ヒドロムコン酸又はその塩である請求項2に記載の方法。
- 一般式(I)または(II)で示される化合物が、3-ヒドロキシアジピン酸又はその塩である請求項2に記載の方法。
- 一般式(I)または(II)で示される化合物が、3-ヒドロキシアジピン酸-3,6-ラクトン又はその塩である請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記工程を触媒の存在下で行う、請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒が、パラジウム、白金、金、銅、ルテニウム、ロジウム、コバルト、レニウムおよびニッケルからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種類以上である、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒が、パラジウム、白金、金、ルテニウム、ロジウム、コバルト、レニウムおよびニッケルからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種類以上である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒が、パラジウムである請求項8記載の方法。
- 前記工程の反応開始時における水素の圧力が、常温、ゲージ圧で0.5MPa以上10MPa以下である、請求項1から9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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| CN201580058350.6A CN107074761B (zh) | 2014-10-30 | 2015-10-27 | ε-己内酰胺的制造方法 |
| JP2015553332A JP6672792B2 (ja) | 2014-10-30 | 2015-10-27 | ε−カプロラクタムの製造方法 |
| ES15854971T ES2776439T3 (es) | 2014-10-30 | 2015-10-27 | Procedimiento para producir épsilon-caprolactama |
| BR112017007969-0A BR112017007969A2 (ja) | 2014-10-30 | 2015-10-27 | A manufacturing method of epsilon-caprolactam |
| EP15854971.7A EP3214072B1 (en) | 2014-10-30 | 2015-10-27 | Method for producing epsilon-caprolactam |
| CA2966147A CA2966147A1 (en) | 2014-10-30 | 2015-10-27 | Method for producing .epsilon.-caprolactam |
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| WO2016199858A1 (ja) * | 2015-06-10 | 2016-12-15 | 東レ株式会社 | α-ヒドロムコン酸の製造方法 |
| WO2017043560A1 (ja) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-16 | 東レ株式会社 | ε-カプロラクタムの製造方法 |
| WO2017209102A1 (ja) * | 2016-05-31 | 2017-12-07 | 東レ株式会社 | 3-ヒドロキシアジピン酸の製造方法 |
| WO2017209103A1 (ja) * | 2016-05-31 | 2017-12-07 | 東レ株式会社 | α-ヒドロムコン酸の製造方法 |
| WO2018105572A1 (ja) | 2016-12-06 | 2018-06-14 | 東レ株式会社 | ε-カプロラクタムの製造方法 |
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| WO2020196460A1 (ja) | 2019-03-25 | 2020-10-01 | 東レ株式会社 | カルボン酸の製造方法 |
| WO2021060335A1 (ja) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-04-01 | 東レ株式会社 | アジピン酸の製造方法 |
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| CN114605307A (zh) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-06-10 | 浙江新和成股份有限公司 | 胺化反应及其催化剂 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| MY179409A (en) | 2020-11-05 |
| EP3214072A1 (en) | 2017-09-06 |
| US10196352B2 (en) | 2019-02-05 |
| EP3214072B1 (en) | 2019-12-18 |
| CN107074761B (zh) | 2020-04-14 |
| CA2966147A1 (en) | 2016-05-06 |
| TW201620874A (zh) | 2016-06-16 |
| CN107074761A (zh) | 2017-08-18 |
| JP6672792B2 (ja) | 2020-03-25 |
| BR112017007969A2 (ja) | 2018-01-23 |
| US20170320819A1 (en) | 2017-11-09 |
| EP3214072A4 (en) | 2018-04-11 |
| JPWO2016068108A1 (ja) | 2017-08-10 |
| ES2776439T3 (es) | 2020-07-30 |
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