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WO2016056090A1 - Dispositif de fluoroscopie à rayons x - Google Patents

Dispositif de fluoroscopie à rayons x Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016056090A1
WO2016056090A1 PCT/JP2014/077000 JP2014077000W WO2016056090A1 WO 2016056090 A1 WO2016056090 A1 WO 2016056090A1 JP 2014077000 W JP2014077000 W JP 2014077000W WO 2016056090 A1 WO2016056090 A1 WO 2016056090A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ray
subject
body thickness
image
thickness
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
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PCT/JP2014/077000
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
剛 岡本
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Shimadzu Corp
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Shimadzu Corp
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Priority to JP2016552757A priority Critical patent/JP6432602B2/ja
Priority to PCT/JP2014/077000 priority patent/WO2016056090A1/fr
Priority to DE112014007045.9T priority patent/DE112014007045T5/de
Publication of WO2016056090A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016056090A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/54—Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/542—Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis involving control of exposure
    • A61B6/544—Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis involving control of exposure dependent on patient size
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/54—Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/545—Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis involving automatic set-up of acquisition parameters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/06—Diaphragms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/5211—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for radiation diagnosis involving processing of medical diagnostic data
    • A61B6/5217—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for radiation diagnosis involving processing of medical diagnostic data extracting a diagnostic or physiological parameter from medical diagnostic data

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an X-ray fluoroscopic imaging apparatus that acquires an X-ray image by irradiating a subject with X-rays, and in particular, X-ray irradiation that can capture suitable X-ray images corresponding to various physiques of the subject.
  • the present invention relates to a technique for determining conditions.
  • an X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus that captures an X-ray image of a subject by irradiating the subject with X-rays is used (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
  • the conventional X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus 101 includes a top plate 103, an X-ray tube 105, an X-ray detector 107, an image generation unit 109, and an X-ray irradiation control unit 111. Yes.
  • the top plate 103 places the subject M in a horizontal posture.
  • the X-ray tube 105 irradiates the subject M with X-rays.
  • the X-ray tube 105 and the X-ray detector 107 are arranged to face each other with the top plate 103 interposed therebetween.
  • the X-ray detector 107 detects X-rays that are transmitted through the subject M from the X-ray tube 105, converts the detected X-rays into electrical signals, and outputs them as X-ray detection signals.
  • an image intensifier Image Intensifier
  • FPD Flat Panel Detector
  • the image generation unit 109 is provided after the X-ray detector 107 and generates an X-ray image in which an image of the subject M is projected based on the output X-ray detection signal.
  • the X-ray irradiation control unit 111 is connected to the X-ray tube 105, and controls the tube voltage and tube current of the X-ray tube 105, thereby irradiating the X-ray dose from the X-ray tube 105 and the timing of irradiating X-rays. Control etc.
  • the tube voltage and tube current of the X-ray tube 105 controlled by the X-ray irradiation control unit 111 are hereinafter referred to as “X-ray irradiation conditions”.
  • the X-ray imaging conditions are set to the subject thickness before X-ray imaging. It is important to adjust in advance accordingly (see, for example, Patent Document 3).
  • a body thickness detection unit 113 is provided after the X-ray irradiation control unit 111, and an imaging condition calculation unit 115 is provided after the body thickness detection unit 113.
  • the body thickness detection unit 113 detects the body thickness of the subject M based on the tube voltage of the X-ray tube 105 and the luminance of the X-ray image generated by the image generation unit 109.
  • the imaging condition determination unit 115 determines appropriate X-ray imaging conditions according to the body thickness of the subject.
  • X-ray fluoroscopy is performed by continuously irradiating the subject M with weak X-rays from the X-ray tube 105, and the image generation unit 109 generates an X-ray fluoroscopic image.
  • luminance information of the X-ray fluoroscopic image is transmitted from the image generation unit 109 to the X-ray irradiation control unit 111 as needed.
  • the X-ray irradiation control unit 111 performs feedback control on the X-ray irradiation conditions in the X-ray fluoroscopy (hereinafter referred to as “X-ray fluoroscopy conditions”) so that the luminance of the X-ray fluoroscopic image becomes a predetermined value A.
  • the value of the X-ray fluoroscopic condition where the luminance of the X-ray image is A corresponds to the subject thickness on a one-to-one basis. Therefore, when the subject thickness increases, the value of the X-ray fluoroscopic condition where the luminance of the X-ray image is A increases (FIG. 5, solid line portion).
  • the body thickness detection unit 113 detects the value of the corresponding subject thickness based on the value of the X-ray fluoroscopic condition where the luminance of the X-ray fluoroscopic image is A. As an example, when the value of the X-ray fluoroscopic condition in which the luminance of the X-ray image is A is Va, the body thickness detection unit 113 sets the corresponding subject thickness value Ta based on the graph of FIG. To detect. Information on the value of the subject thickness is transmitted from the body thickness detection unit 113 to the imaging condition determination unit 115.
  • the value of the X-ray imaging condition in which the brightness of the X-ray image is optimal for diagnosis corresponds to the subject thickness on a one-to-one basis.
  • the imaging condition determination unit 115 detects an appropriate X-ray imaging condition in which the luminance of the X-ray image acquired by X-ray imaging becomes a predetermined value B according to the value of the subject thickness.
  • the imaging condition determining unit 115 sets the X corresponding to the object thickness value Ta based on the graph of FIG. A value Wa of the radiographing condition is detected.
  • the conventional example having such a configuration has the following problems. That is, in the conventional X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus, there is a limit to the magnitude of the tube voltage that can be applied to the X-ray tube. That is, as shown in FIG. 5A, the X-ray fluoroscopic condition cannot be raised to a predetermined value Vb or more when detecting the subject thickness. Therefore, the value of the subject thickness that can be accurately detected by the body thickness detection unit 113 is limited to a certain value Tb or less corresponding to the X-ray fluoroscopic condition Vb.
  • the object thickness is a value equal to or greater than Tb, for example, Tc, as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG.
  • Tb the actual X-ray fluoroscopic conditions are limited to Vb or less. That is, when the subject thickness is equal to or greater than Tb, an accurate value of the subject thickness cannot be detected by fluoroscopy. As a result, since appropriate X-ray imaging conditions cannot be detected, there is a concern that it becomes difficult to capture a high-quality X-ray image suitable for diagnosis.
  • the X-ray fluoroscopic condition when it is determined that the subject thickness is thin, it is necessary to set the X-ray fluoroscopic condition to a small value in order to detect the subject thickness. In this case, since the image quality of the X-ray fluoroscopic image is deteriorated due to the shortage of the X-ray dose, it is difficult to accurately measure the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image. Therefore, although the actual luminance value is not the predetermined value A, the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image may be mistaken for the predetermined value A. Accordingly, in the conventional example, when the subject thickness is thin, the accuracy of the detected subject thickness is low, and there is a concern that it may be difficult to detect an X-ray imaging condition capable of capturing a high-quality X-ray image.
  • the X-ray imaging condition capable of capturing a high-quality X-ray image.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and provides an X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus capable of generating a high-quality X-ray image suitable for diagnosis regardless of the thickness of the subject. Objective.
  • the present invention has the following configuration. That is, the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus according to the present invention detects an X-ray source that irradiates a subject with X-rays, and detects X-rays that are irradiated from the X-ray source and transmitted through the subject and convert them into light.
  • An image intensifier for adjusting the transmittance of the light converted by the image intensifier, and a signal for detecting the light adjusted by the light transmittance adjusting means and converting it into an electrical signal Conversion means, image generation means for generating an X-ray image based on the electrical signal converted by the signal conversion means, and the luminance of the X-ray image generated by the image generation section so as to have a predetermined value.
  • X-ray irradiation conditions consisting of tube voltage and tube current of the X-ray source, control means for controlling the light transmittance adjusted by the light transmittance adjusting means, the X-ray irradiation conditions controlled by the control means, and Based on light transmittance
  • the body thickness detecting means for detecting the body thickness of the subject, and the X-ray irradiation conditions and the light transmission in X-ray imaging based on the body thickness of the subject detected by the body thickness detecting means.
  • An imaging condition determining means for determining the rate is provided.
  • the control unit controls the transmittance of light converted by the image intensifier and the X-ray irradiation conditions so that the luminance of the X-ray image becomes a predetermined value. Then, based on the X-ray irradiation conditions controlled by the control means and the light transmittance, the body thickness detection means detects the body thickness of the subject.
  • the control means can change the light transmittance to control the luminance of the X-ray image to a predetermined value.
  • the body thickness detection means can accurately determine the body thickness of the subject corresponding to a wider variety of subject physiques.
  • the imaging condition determining means determines X-ray irradiation conditions and light transmittance in X-ray imaging based on the body thickness of the subject detected by the body thickness detecting means.
  • the body thickness detecting means can accurately detect the body thickness of the subject corresponding to a variety of physiques of the subject. Therefore, the imaging condition determining means can appropriately determine the X-ray irradiation conditions and the light transmittance in the X-ray imaging. Therefore, it is possible to capture suitable X-ray images corresponding to a variety of physiques of subjects.
  • the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus stores a first relation table that associates each of the X-ray irradiation conditions and the light transmittance controlled by the control unit with the body thickness of the subject. It is preferable that a first related table storage unit is provided, and the body thickness detecting unit detects the body thickness of the subject by referring to the first related table.
  • the body thickness detecting means detects the body thickness of the subject by referring to the first related table.
  • the first association table associates each of the X-ray irradiation conditions and the light transmittance controlled by the control unit with the body thickness of the subject. That is, by referring to the first relation table, the body thickness detection means can more quickly detect an accurate value of the body thickness of the subject corresponding to the X-ray irradiation condition and the light transmittance. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the time required for generating a high-quality X-ray image.
  • the first related table may include the X-ray irradiation condition according to the body thickness of the subject when the body thickness of the subject is within a predetermined range. And the body thickness of the subject and the X so that the light transmittance changes according to the body thickness of the subject when the body thickness of the subject is outside a predetermined range. It is preferable to associate the irradiation condition with the light transmittance.
  • the first related table indicates that the X-ray irradiation conditions change according to the body thickness of the subject when the body thickness of the subject is within a predetermined range.
  • the body thickness of the subject is associated with the X-ray irradiation conditions and the light transmittance.
  • the body thickness of the subject is out of a predetermined range, the body thickness of the subject and the X-ray irradiation so that the light transmittance changes according to the body thickness of the subject. Correlate conditions and light transmittance
  • the control means can control the luminance of the X-ray image to a predetermined value by adjusting the light transmittance even when the subject thickness is thicker than the predetermined range.
  • the body thickness detecting means can detect an accurate value of the subject thickness corresponding to the subject having a thicker body thickness.
  • the control means can control the luminance of the X-ray image to a predetermined value without excessively reducing the X-ray irradiation conditions even when the body thickness of the subject is thinner than the predetermined value. Therefore, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the luminance detection accuracy of the X-ray image is lowered due to the deterioration of the image quality of the X-ray image due to the decrease in the X-ray irradiation conditions. Therefore, when the subject thickness is thin, the control means can more accurately control the brightness of the X-ray image to a predetermined value, so that the body thickness detection means can accurately detect the subject even with a thinner body thickness. The specimen thickness value can be detected.
  • the imaging condition determining means determines X-ray irradiation conditions and light transmittance in X-ray imaging based on the body thickness of the subject detected by the body thickness detecting means.
  • the body thickness detection means can accurately detect the value of the body thickness of the subject for a wider range of body thicknesses of the subject. Therefore, the imaging condition determining means can appropriately determine the X-ray irradiation conditions and the iris diaphragm opening in X-ray imaging. Therefore, it is possible to capture suitable X-ray images corresponding to a variety of physiques of subjects.
  • the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus stores a second relation table that associates the body thickness of the subject with the X-ray irradiation conditions and the light transmittance in X-ray imaging.
  • the imaging condition determining unit determines the X-ray irradiation condition and the light transmittance in X-ray imaging by referring to the second related table.
  • the imaging condition determining means determines the X-ray irradiation conditions and the light transmittance in the X-ray imaging by referring to the second related table.
  • the second relation table associates the body thickness of the subject with the X-ray irradiation conditions and the light transmittance in X-ray imaging. That is, the imaging condition determining means refers to the body thickness of the subject detected by the body thickness detecting means and the second related table, so that the appropriate X-ray irradiation conditions and light transmittance in X-ray imaging can be determined more quickly. Can be determined. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the time required for generating a high-quality X-ray image.
  • control unit is configured to perform the X-ray fluoroscopy in the X-ray fluoroscopy so that the luminance of the X-ray image generated by the image generation unit by X-ray fluoroscopy becomes a predetermined value. It is preferable to control the beam irradiation conditions and the light transmittance.
  • the control means controls the X-ray irradiation conditions and light transmission in X-ray fluoroscopy so that the luminance of the X-ray image generated by X-ray fluoroscopy has a predetermined value. Control the rate.
  • the body thickness detection means detects the body thickness of the subject by performing X-ray fluoroscopy to irradiate X-rays with a relatively low dose. Accordingly, the X-ray dose received by the subject can be reduced when determining appropriate X-ray irradiation conditions and light transmittance in X-ray imaging.
  • the light transmittance adjusting means is an iris diaphragm, and the iris diaphragm adjusts the light transmittance by adjusting the opening of the iris diaphragm. Is preferred.
  • the light transmittance adjusting means is an iris diaphragm, and the iris diaphragm adjusts the light transmittance by adjusting the opening of the iris diaphragm.
  • the amount of light converted by the image intensifier is adjusted according to the opening of the iris diaphragm and detected by the signal conversion means. Therefore, the control means can suitably control the luminance of the X-ray image by adjusting the opening of the iris diaphragm.
  • the body thickness detection means can accurately detect the body thickness of the subject.
  • the imaging condition determining means can accurately determine appropriate conditions for each of the X-ray irradiation conditions and the iris diaphragm opening in the X-ray imaging.
  • the control unit controls the transmittance of light converted by the image intensifier and the X-ray irradiation conditions so that the luminance of the X-ray image becomes a predetermined value. Then, based on the X-ray irradiation conditions controlled by the control means and the light transmittance, the body thickness detection means detects the body thickness of the subject.
  • the control means can change the light transmittance to control the luminance of the X-ray image to a predetermined value.
  • the body thickness detection means can accurately determine the body thickness of the subject corresponding to a wider variety of subject physiques.
  • the imaging condition determining means determines X-ray irradiation conditions and light transmittance in X-ray imaging based on the body thickness of the subject detected by the body thickness detecting means.
  • the body thickness detecting means can accurately detect the body thickness of the subject corresponding to a variety of physiques of the subject. Therefore, the imaging condition determining means can appropriately determine the X-ray irradiation conditions and the light transmittance in the X-ray imaging. Therefore, it is possible to capture suitable X-ray images corresponding to a variety of physiques of subjects.
  • the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus 1 includes a top plate 3 on which a subject M that takes a horizontal posture is placed, and an X-ray tube 5 that irradiates the subject M with X-rays. And an image intensifier 7 (hereinafter referred to as “I / I tube 7”) for detecting X-rays irradiated to the subject M and transmitted therethrough.
  • the X-ray tube 5 and the I / I tube 7 are disposed to face each other with the top plate 3 interposed therebetween.
  • the X-ray tube 5 is provided with a collimator 9 that limits the X-rays emitted from the X-ray tube 5 to a cone shape that is a pyramid.
  • the I / I tube 7 detects X-rays that are transmitted through the subject M from the X-ray tube 5 and converts them into visible light.
  • a TV camera 11 is provided behind the I / I tube 7, and an iris diaphragm 13 is provided between the I / I tube 7 and the TV camera 11.
  • the TV camera 11 further converts the visible light converted by the I / I tube 7 into an electrical signal and outputs it as an X-ray detection signal.
  • the X-ray tube 5 corresponds to the X-ray source in the present invention
  • the TV camera 11 corresponds to the signal conversion means in the present invention.
  • the iris diaphragm 13 is an optical element, and adjusts the amount of light incident on the TV camera 11 from the I / I tube 7 through the iris diaphragm 13 by changing the aperture of the diaphragm. That is, as the aperture of the iris diaphragm 13 increases, the amount of light incident on the television camera 11 increases, so the output of the X-ray detection signal increases.
  • the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus 1 includes an X-ray irradiation control unit 15, an iris control unit 17, an image generation unit 19, a monitor 21, a luminance value detection unit 22, a body thickness detection unit 23, and an imaging condition determination. Unit 25 and main control unit 27.
  • the X-ray irradiation control unit 15 is connected to the X-ray tube 5, and controls the X-ray irradiation conditions, that is, the tube voltage and tube current of the X-ray tube 5 to control the dose of the X-ray 5 a irradiated from the X-ray tube 5. , And the timing for irradiating the X-ray 5a.
  • X-ray fluoroscopy conditions The X-ray irradiation conditions in X-ray fluoroscopy are hereinafter referred to as “X-ray fluoroscopy conditions”, and the X-ray irradiation conditions in X-ray radiography are hereinafter referred to as “X-ray radiography conditions”.
  • the iris control unit 17 is connected to the iris diaphragm 13, and controls the aperture of the iris diaphragm 13 to transmit light incident on the TV camera 11 from the I / I tube 7 through the iris diaphragm 13. Control the rate.
  • the image generation unit 19 is provided at the subsequent stage of the television camera 11 and generates an X-ray image based on the X-ray detection signal output from the television camera 11.
  • the monitor 21 displays various X-ray images generated by the image generation unit 19.
  • the luminance value detection unit 22 is provided in the subsequent stage of the image generation unit 19 and detects the luminance value of the X-ray image generated by the image generation unit 19.
  • the body thickness detector 23 is based on the X-ray irradiation conditions controlled by the X-ray irradiation controller 15 and the aperture of the iris diaphragm 13 controlled by the iris controller 17 (hereinafter referred to as “iris aperture”). Thus, the body thickness of the subject M is detected.
  • the imaging condition determination unit 25 is provided in the subsequent stage of the body thickness detection unit 23, and based on the body thickness of the subject M detected by the body thickness detection unit 23, the X-ray imaging conditions and the iris opening in the X-ray imaging are determined. decide.
  • the image generation unit 19 corresponds to the image generation means in the present invention.
  • the body thickness detector 23 corresponds to the body thickness detector in the present invention.
  • the photographing condition determining unit 25 corresponds to the photographing condition determining means in the present invention. *
  • the main control unit 27 comprehensively controls the X-ray irradiation control unit 15, the iris control unit 17, and the body thickness detection unit 23. Further, the brightness of various X-ray images generated by the image generation unit 19 is detected.
  • the input unit 29 is used to input an operator's instruction, and examples thereof include a keyboard input type panel and a touch input type panel.
  • the storage unit 31 stores various images generated by the image generation unit 19.
  • the storage unit 31 stores various related tables in advance.
  • the main control unit 27 corresponds to the control means in the present invention.
  • the storage unit 31 corresponds to the first related table storage unit and the second related table storage unit in the present invention.
  • the storage unit 31 stores a related table T1 and a related table T2.
  • the relation table T1 indicates that the X-ray fluoroscopic conditions and the iris opening are set such that the luminance value of the image generated by X-ray fluoroscopy is a predetermined value A for each body thickness (subject thickness) of the subject M. It is recorded in association with the combination of degrees.
  • FIG. 3A is a graph showing the relationship between the X-ray fluoroscopic conditions recorded in the related table T1 and the subject thickness.
  • the lower part of FIG. 3A is a graph showing the relationship between the iris diaphragm and the subject thickness recorded in the association table T1.
  • the subject thickness is Ta
  • the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image is predetermined by performing X-ray fluoroscopy under the condition that the X-ray fluoroscopic condition is Va and the iris opening degree is Pa. Value A.
  • the association table T1 corresponds to the first association table in the present invention.
  • the association table T2 records combinations of X-ray imaging conditions and iris opening degrees so that an image generated by X-ray imaging becomes an optimal image for diagnosis for each subject thickness.
  • the upper part of FIG. 3B is a graph showing the relationship between the X-ray imaging conditions and the subject thickness recorded in the association table T2.
  • the lower part of FIG. 3B is a graph showing the relationship between the iris diaphragm and the subject thickness recorded in the association table T2. That is, when the subject thickness is Ta, an X-ray image that is optimal for diagnosis is generated by performing X-ray imaging under the condition that the X-ray imaging condition is Wa and the iris opening is Qa.
  • the association table T2 corresponds to the second association table in the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus according to the embodiment.
  • Step S1 Generation of X-ray fluoroscopic image
  • the collimator 9 is controlled to set the X-ray irradiation field.
  • the operator operates the input unit 29 to input an instruction to irradiate the subject M with the X-ray 5a from the X-ray tube 5 by X-ray fluoroscopy.
  • the main control unit 27 outputs a control signal to the X-ray irradiation control unit 15 and the iris control unit 17 in accordance with the input instruction.
  • the X-ray irradiation control unit 15 controls the X-ray irradiation condition (X-ray transmission condition) in X-ray fluoroscopy to the reference value Va according to the control signal.
  • the iris control unit 17 controls the iris opening to the reference value Pa according to the control signal.
  • the I / I tube 7 detects the X-ray 5a transmitted through the subject M and converts it into light, and the amount of light is adjusted according to the iris opening of the iris diaphragm 13.
  • the television camera 11 detects light that has passed through the iris diaphragm 13 and outputs an X-ray detection signal.
  • the image generation unit 19 generates an X-ray fluoroscopic image of the subject M based on the X-ray detection signal.
  • Step S2 (adjustment of fluoroscopic conditions and iris opening)
  • the data of the fluoroscopic image generated by the image generation unit 19 is transmitted to the luminance value detection unit 22.
  • the luminance value detection unit 22 detects the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image and compares it with a predetermined luminance value A stored in advance.
  • a method for the luminance value detection unit 22 to detect the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image the average value of the luminance values in a predetermined region, which is a part of the X-ray fluoroscopic image, And a method of detecting as.
  • the combination of the reference value Va for the X-ray fluoroscopic condition and the reference value Pa for the iris opening is a value corresponding to the subject thickness Ta. Therefore, when the luminance value of the fluoroscopic image matches the predetermined luminance value A, it can be determined that the body thickness of the subject M placed on the top 3 is Ta. On the other hand, when the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image is lower than the predetermined luminance value A, it is determined that the subject thickness is larger than Ta, and when the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image is higher than the predetermined luminance value A, the subject thickness is determined. Can be determined to be smaller than Ta.
  • the main control unit 27 adjusts the X-ray fluoroscopic condition and the iris opening degree by feedback control based on the result of comparison by the luminance value detection unit 22. That is, the main control unit 27 outputs a control signal to the X-ray irradiation control unit 15 and the iris control unit 17 according to the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image.
  • the X-ray irradiation control unit 15 changes the X-ray fluoroscopic condition according to the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image
  • the iris control unit 17 changes the iris opening degree according to the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image.
  • step S1 an X-ray transmission image is generated again, and the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image is compared with a predetermined luminance value A.
  • steps S1 and S2 are repeated until the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image reaches the predetermined value A.
  • the process proceeds to step S3.
  • the X-ray fluoroscopic conditions and the iris opening are adjusted as follows.
  • the X-ray fluoroscopic condition is first made larger than Va while maintaining the iris opening degree at Pa (FIG. 3A, F1). If the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image does not reach the predetermined value A even if the X-ray fluoroscopic condition reaches the upper limit value Vb, the iris opening degree is made larger than Pa while maintaining the value of the X-ray fluoroscopic condition at Vb. (FIG. 3 (a), F2).
  • the amount of light incident on the television camera 11 is increased by increasing the iris opening, so that the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image is further increased. Therefore, the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image can be adjusted to the predetermined value A even when the subject M is thicker than the subject thickness Tb corresponding to the upper limit value Vb of the X-ray fluoroscopic conditions. .
  • the X-ray fluoroscopic condition is first made smaller than Va while maintaining the iris opening at Pa (FIG. 3 (a), F3). If the brightness value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image does not reach the predetermined value A even if the X-ray fluoroscopic condition becomes Vc, the iris opening is made smaller than Pa while maintaining the value of the X-ray fluoroscopic condition at Vc (FIG. 3 (a), F4). In this case, since the amount of light incident on the television camera 11 is reduced by reducing the iris opening, the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image is reduced.
  • the value of the X-ray fluoroscopic condition is maintained at Vc, it is possible to prevent a situation in which the X-ray dose is insufficient because the tube voltage or the like is excessively lowered. Therefore, in the embodiment, it is possible to reduce the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image while avoiding the deterioration of the image quality of the X-ray fluoroscopic image due to the insufficient X-ray dose.
  • Step S3 detection of subject thickness
  • the body thickness detection unit 23 refers to the association table T1 stored in the storage unit 31, and detects the value of the subject thickness based on the information of the X-ray fluoroscopic condition and the iris opening degree.
  • Information on the value of the subject thickness is transmitted from the body thickness detection unit 23 to the imaging condition determination unit 25.
  • the body thickness detector 23 refers to the association table T1 and detects the corresponding subject thickness value.
  • the subject thickness corresponding to the condition where the X-ray fluoroscopic condition is Vb and the iris opening is Pb is Td. Therefore, the body thickness detection unit 23 determines that the body thickness of the subject M actually placed on the top 3 is Td and detects information on the subject thickness Td. Then, the body thickness detection unit 23 transmits information on the subject thickness Td to the imaging condition determination unit 25.
  • Step S4 Determination of X-ray imaging conditions and iris opening
  • the imaging condition determination unit 25 determines each of the iris opening and the X-ray imaging conditions in X-ray imaging based on the subject thickness information transmitted from the body thickness detection unit 23. At this time, the imaging condition determination unit 25 detects the X-ray imaging conditions and the iris opening with reference to the related table T2 stored in the storage unit 31. As indicated by a symbol J in the graph of FIG. 3B, when the object thickness is Td, the X-ray imaging condition is Wb, and the iris opening is generated by X-ray imaging under the condition that the iris opening is Qb. The X-ray photographed image is an optimal image for diagnosis. Thus, the optimal combination is determined for each of the iris opening and the X-ray imaging conditions in X-ray imaging.
  • Step S5 Generation of X-ray image
  • the operator operates the input unit 29 and inputs an instruction to irradiate the subject M with X-rays 5a from the X-ray tube 5 by X-ray imaging.
  • the main control unit 27 outputs a control signal to the X-ray irradiation control unit 15 and the iris control unit 17 in accordance with the input instruction.
  • the iris control unit 17 controls the iris opening to Qb according to the control signal.
  • the X-ray irradiation control unit 15 controls the X-ray imaging condition to Wb according to the control signal, and causes the X-ray tube 5 to emit X-rays.
  • the image generation unit 19 generates an X-ray image of the subject M based on the X-ray detection signal.
  • the X-ray image is displayed on the monitor 21. With the generation of the X-ray image, all the series of steps are completed.
  • the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image is changed by changing only the value of the X-ray fluoroscopic condition. Control to a predetermined value A. Then, the subject thickness is detected with reference to the relationship between the X-ray irradiation condition and the subject thickness when the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image is A.
  • the tube voltage that can be applied to the X-ray tube is limited due to the standards of the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus, the X-ray irradiation condition can be increased to a predetermined value Vb or more as shown in FIG. Can not. Therefore, when the subject thickness is larger than the subject thickness value Tb corresponding to the upper limit value Vb of the fluoroscopic condition, the luminance value of the fluoroscopic image is always lower than the predetermined value A. Therefore, the value of the object thickness that can be accurately detected in the conventional example is limited to Tb or less.
  • the tube voltage when the thickness of the subject is thin, it is necessary to make the tube voltage excessively small so that the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image is set to a predetermined value.
  • the tube voltage is excessively reduced, the image quality of the X-ray fluoroscopic image is deteriorated due to the shortage of the X-ray dose, so that it is difficult to accurately measure the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image. Therefore, even if the actual luminance value is not the predetermined value A, the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image may be mistaken for the predetermined value A.
  • the accuracy of the detected subject thickness is low, and there is a concern that it is difficult to detect an X-ray imaging condition capable of capturing a high-quality X-ray image.
  • the range of the subject thickness that can accurately detect suitable X-ray imaging conditions is narrow.
  • the I / I tube is used as the X-ray detection unit, and the brightness value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image is controlled by changing the iris opening in addition to the X-ray irradiation conditions. It has a configuration. In such a configuration, as shown in FIG. 3A, even when the value of the X-ray fluoroscopic condition reaches the upper limit value Vb, the brightness of the X-ray fluoroscopic image is increased by further increasing the iris opening degree. The value can be further increased.
  • the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image can be controlled to the predetermined value A, so that an accurate subject thickness value can be detected.
  • the body thickness of the subject M is thicker than Tb, it is possible to detect the X-ray imaging conditions and the iris opening that can capture a high-quality X-ray image.
  • the brightness value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image is reduced by lowering the iris opening while maintaining the X-ray fluoroscopic condition constant (FIG. 3A). F4).
  • the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image can be controlled to the predetermined value A more reliably, the X-ray imaging conditions and iris capable of capturing a high-quality X-ray image even when the subject thickness is smaller than Tc. It is possible to accurately detect the opening.
  • the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus can determine appropriate X-ray imaging conditions and the like by feedback control for a wider range of the subject thickness.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be modified as follows.
  • the reference value of the X-ray fluoroscopic condition is Va and the reference value of the iris opening is Pa, but each reference value is a combination corresponding to an arbitrary subject thickness.
  • an X-ray fluoroscopic image may be generated using the X-ray fluoroscopic condition Vc and the iris opening degree Pc corresponding to the case where the subject thickness is 0 as a reference value (FIG. 3A, symbol K).
  • the X-ray fluoroscopic condition or the iris opening degree is increased from each reference value.
  • the actual subject thickness is detected based on the combination of the X-ray fluoroscopic condition and the iris opening when the luminance value of the X-ray fluoroscopic image reaches the predetermined value A.
  • the iris opening is maintained at a constant value when the X-ray fluoroscopic condition is changed in step S2, but the iris opening is appropriately changed while changing the X-ray fluoroscopic condition. It may be.
  • the subject thickness is determined to be equal to or less than Tc
  • the X-ray fluoroscopic condition is maintained constant by changing the iris opening, but the X-ray fluoroscopic image quality is not deteriorated while changing the iris opening.
  • a configuration in which the X-ray fluoroscopic conditions are appropriately changed may be employed.
  • the configuration according to the above-described embodiment can be applied not only to the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus related to the medical field but also to the industrial field and the nuclear field.
  • the apparatus according to the embodiment can accurately detect X-ray imaging conditions even for a thin subject, it is possible to more suitably perform a nondestructive inspection on a thin layer substrate or the like.
  • X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus 5 ... X-ray tube (X-ray source) 7: Image intensifier 11: TV camera (signal conversion means) DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 13 ... Iris diaphragm 15 ... X-ray irradiation control part 17 ... Iris control part 19 ... Image generation part (image generation means) 22 ... Luminance value detection unit 23 ; Body thickness detection unit (body thickness detection means) 25 ... Shooting condition determining unit (shooting condition determining means) 27: Main control unit (control means) 31... Storage unit (first relation table storage means, second relation table storage means)

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
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  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
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  • Public Health (AREA)
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Abstract

　La présente invention concerne un dispositif de fluoroscopie à rayons X qui est pourvu d'une unité de commande principale (27) pour commander une condition de rayonnement de rayons X et le degré d'ouverture d'un diaphragme iris. Une unité de détection d'épaisseur de corps (23) détecte l'épaisseur du corps d'un sujet sur la base du degré d'ouverture du diaphragme iris et de la condition de rayonnement de rayons X commandée par l'unité de commande principale (27). Dans ce cas, le degré d'ouverture du diaphragme iris peut être commandé même lorsque la condition de rayonnement de rayons X atteint une valeur de limite supérieure, et l''unité de détection d'épaisseur de corps (23) peut par conséquent déterminer avec précision l'épaisseur du sujet lorsque l'épaisseur du corps du sujet est importante. Lorsque l'épaisseur du sujet est faible, le degré d'ouverture du diaphragme iris est commandé et la luminance d'une image de rayons X peut être réglée à une valeur prédéterminée, et il est par conséquent possible d'empêcher un déclin excessif de la condition de rayonnement de rayons X pour générer l'image de rayons X. L'unité de détection d'épaisseur de corps (23) peut ainsi déterminer plus précisément l'épaisseur du sujet lorsque l'épaisseur du corps du sujet est faible. Une unité d'évaluation de condition d'imagerie (25) détecte le degré d'ouverture du diaphragme iris, et la condition de rayonnement de rayons X en imagerie par rayons X sur la base de l'épaisseur du corps du sujet. Par conséquent, une image de rayons X peut être prise pour divers types de corps de sujet.
PCT/JP2014/077000 2014-10-08 2014-10-08 Dispositif de fluoroscopie à rayons x Ceased WO2016056090A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

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JP2016552757A JP6432602B2 (ja) 2014-10-08 2014-10-08 Ｘ線透視撮影装置
PCT/JP2014/077000 WO2016056090A1 (fr) 2014-10-08 2014-10-08 Dispositif de fluoroscopie à rayons x
DE112014007045.9T DE112014007045T5 (de) 2014-10-08 2014-10-08 Röntgenvorrichtung

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2023067431A (ja) * 2021-11-01 2023-05-16 株式会社島津製作所 Ｘ線透視撮影装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59118135A (ja) * 1982-12-27 1984-07-07 株式会社東芝 Ｘ線診断装置
JPH0787396A (ja) * 1993-09-14 1995-03-31 Toshiba Corp Ｘ線ｔｖ装置
JPH088092A (ja) * 1994-06-20 1996-01-12 Shimadzu Corp Ｘ線ｔｖ装置
JPH0866389A (ja) * 1994-08-30 1996-03-12 Toshiba Corp Ｘ線診断装置
JPH1099307A (ja) * 1996-09-30 1998-04-21 Ge Yokogawa Medical Syst Ltd Ｘ線撮影方法及びｘ線テレビ装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59118135A (ja) * 1982-12-27 1984-07-07 株式会社東芝 Ｘ線診断装置
JPH0787396A (ja) * 1993-09-14 1995-03-31 Toshiba Corp Ｘ線ｔｖ装置
JPH088092A (ja) * 1994-06-20 1996-01-12 Shimadzu Corp Ｘ線ｔｖ装置
JPH0866389A (ja) * 1994-08-30 1996-03-12 Toshiba Corp Ｘ線診断装置
JPH1099307A (ja) * 1996-09-30 1998-04-21 Ge Yokogawa Medical Syst Ltd Ｘ線撮影方法及びｘ線テレビ装置

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2023067431A (ja) * 2021-11-01 2023-05-16 株式会社島津製作所 Ｘ線透視撮影装置

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JP6432602B2 (ja) 2018-12-05

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