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WO2015166683A1 - Procédé d'application d'engrais réductible à un corps végétal, et agent utilisé pour des arbres fruitiers à feuillage caduque - Google Patents

Procédé d'application d'engrais réductible à un corps végétal, et agent utilisé pour des arbres fruitiers à feuillage caduque Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015166683A1
WO2015166683A1 PCT/JP2015/053919 JP2015053919W WO2015166683A1 WO 2015166683 A1 WO2015166683 A1 WO 2015166683A1 JP 2015053919 W JP2015053919 W JP 2015053919W WO 2015166683 A1 WO2015166683 A1 WO 2015166683A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
yeast
fruit
reducing fertilizer
deciduous
fertilizer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
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PCT/JP2015/053919
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
智子 土屋
義雄 前川
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Asahi Group Holdings Ltd
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Asahi Group Holdings Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to KR1020167033300A priority Critical patent/KR20160147022A/ko
Priority to JP2016515871A priority patent/JPWO2015166683A1/ja
Publication of WO2015166683A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015166683A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
    • A01N63/32—Yeast
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
    • C05F11/08—Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for applying a reducing fertilizer to a plant body in order to suppress defoliation after harvesting in a deciduous fruit tree or to increase the storage nutrient of the deciduous fruit tree.
  • the present invention also relates to an agent for suppressing defoliation after harvesting in a deciduous fruit tree and an agent for increasing the storage nutrient of the deciduous fruit tree.
  • Waste yeast discharged from food production factories such as beer factories is used as a raw material for yeast extracts and yeast preparations, livestock feed, fertilizer, etc., and is subjected to disposal such as incineration.
  • some yeast cell walls remaining after extracting the yeast extract are used for health food, livestock feed, etc., others are mainly discarded.
  • disposal of these microorganism-derived materials requires transportation costs to the processing plant and processing costs.
  • the above-mentioned foods, feeds, fertilizers, etc. derived from yeast have a limit in the amount of use with respect to the amount of waste yeast generated, and there is a new application that can provide waste yeast as a product with high added value. It was sought after.
  • WO 2010/104197 a microorganism-derived reduction having a redox potential of 0 mV or less, characterized in that a microorganism or a component of a microorganism is hydrothermally reacted in the absence of oxygen.
  • WO2013 / 094235 uses this microorganism-derived reducing mixture as a reducing fertilizer to promote root development and root hair formation of citrus fruits that are evergreen fruit trees. A method for preventing biennial results is disclosed.
  • WO2013 / 094235 applies a reducing fertilizer to an evergreen fruit tree, in the first place, the effect of prevention and suppression of defoliation in a plant body is not assumed, and the stored nutrients brought about by suppression of defoliation. The effect of the increase has not been studied.
  • the method of WO2013 / 094235 is primarily intended to promote the development of citrus roots and the formation of root hairs, so it is directly applied to the roots of citrus by irrigation rather than foliar application. It was applied.
  • nitrogen nitrogen-containing component
  • phosphoric acid phosphoric acid-containing component
  • potassium potassium
  • the three elements of these fertilizers have different fertilizing effects on the plant body depending on the components.
  • nitrogen has an effect of mainly growing the plant body
  • phosphoric acid promotes flowering and fruiting
  • Potassium promotes root development and is involved in osmotic pressure regulation in root hair cells.
  • the main purpose is to promote the formation of flower buds. While it is most commonly applied once, in the case of a liquid fertilizer, it is common to spray the leaf surface in a plurality of times.
  • the present invention does not require a great deal of labor and advanced knowledge and experience, and suppresses defoliation before harvesting of deciduous fruit trees by a simple method, and suppresses pre-harvest fruit fall. It is an object to provide a method for increasing the yield of fruit in the next year, and a drug used therefor.
  • the inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive research in view of the above problems. As a result, reducing fertilizer obtained by hydrothermal reaction of yeast or a mixture of yeast components and phosphoric acid and / or potassium is applied to the leaves of deciduous fruit trees between the start of physiological fruit fall and fruit harvest. It has been found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by application, and the present invention has been completed. Specifically, the present invention provides the following.
  • the method includes suppressing post-harvest defoliation in the deciduous fruit tree.
  • a method of applying a reducing fertilizer obtained by hydrothermal reaction of yeast or a mixture of yeast and a mixture of phosphoric acid and / or potassium to a plant body, the method starting from the start of physiological fruit drop A method comprising increasing the storage nutrient of a deciduous fruit tree by applying the reducing fertilizer to a leaf surface of a plant that is a deciduous fruit tree before harvesting the fruit.
  • the reducing fertilizer is sprayed on the foliage from 1 to 4 times during the period from the start of physiological fruit drop to fruit harvest.
  • a reducing fertilizer obtained by hydrothermal reaction of a yeast or a mixture of yeast components and phosphoric acid and / or potassium has a solid content concentration of 0.0075% by mass or more and 0.15% by mass or less.
  • a drug that suppresses defoliation after harvesting in deciduous fruit trees obtained by hydrothermal reaction of yeast or a mixture of yeast components and phosphoric acid and / or potassium.
  • medical agent which increases the storage nutrient of deciduous fruit tree obtained by hydrothermal reaction of the mixture of yeast or the component of yeast, and phosphoric acid and / or potassium.
  • a plant which is a deciduous fruit tree using the reducing fertilizer obtained by hydrothermal reaction of yeast or a mixture of yeast components and phosphoric acid and / or potassium Applies to the leaves of the body.
  • the components in the reducing fertilizer act on the deciduous fruit tree to suppress the defoliation before the fruit harvest, thereby improving the nutritional state of the plant and preventing the fruit pre-harvest fruit fall.
  • the fall of deciduous fruit trees after harvesting is similarly suppressed, so that the level of photosynthesis is maintained above a certain level even after harvesting.
  • the method of applying the reducing fertilizer of the present invention to a plant body is to apply the reducing fertilizer to the leaf surface of a plant body that is a deciduous fruit tree from the start of physiological fruit dropping to the fruit harvest.
  • the method of the present invention to deciduous fruit trees, defoliation before fruit harvesting is suppressed, so that the nutritional state of the plant becomes good, and fruit fall before fruit harvesting can be similarly prevented.
  • reducing fertilizer should be applied to deciduous fruit trees one week before fruit harvest.
  • a reducing fertilizer is used so that the suppression of defoliation of 10% or more, more preferably 60% or more, is observed in the non-treated area between immediately after harvesting and 2 months after harvesting. Is applied to deciduous fruit trees.
  • the method of the present invention to deciduous fruit trees, the fall of deciduous fruit trees after harvesting is similarly suppressed, so that the level of photosynthesis is maintained above a certain level even after harvesting, such as fertilization and pruning. Even without advanced cultivation techniques, the nutritional state of the plant body can be maintained well.
  • “Physiological fruit drop” refers to a fruit drop phenomenon that occurs when a fruit loses competition in the nutrient competition between the fruit after fruit set and the branches and leaves, and generally occurs between 3 weeks and 6 weeks after the flower has fallen. It is. “Pre-harvest fruits” means that the plant spends most of the nutrients produced by the leaves (anabolic nutrients) on fruit production, resulting in a decline in tree vigor and early leaf fall due to aging of the leaves. Refers to falling. Further, in this specification, “an increase in stored nutrients of deciduous fruit trees” means an increase in nutrient contents in the trunks, roots, and leaves of deciduous fruit trees, preferably induced by an increase in nutrient contents in leaves.
  • the phrase “increasing stored nutrients of deciduous fruit trees” does not include an increase in nutrient content in the fruits of deciduous fruit trees.
  • the increase in stored nutrients can be grasped as an increase in the organic nitrogen content in the plant tissue.
  • the plant tissue can be measured by a simple analysis method using the ninhydrin method.
  • Method of applying reducing fertilizer In applying the reducing fertilizer to the deciduous fruit tree, it is preferable to apply the reducing fertilizer to the leaf surface of the deciduous fruit tree by spraying the reducing fertilizer onto the leaves. Since foliar spraying can be carried out with a simple device without much effort, the foliar spraying saves cost and labor by applying the reducing fertilizer of the present invention to plants. However, it can be implemented. When foliar spraying is performed, the reducing fertilizer is sprayed on the foliage from 1 to 4 times between the start of physiological fruit drop and fruit harvest, preferably from the start of physiological fruit drop to one week before fruit harvest. It is preferable.
  • the effectiveness of the reducing fertilizer can be expressed more effectively.
  • a reducing fertilizer diluted so that solid content concentration may be 0.0075 mass% or more and 0.15 mass% or less.
  • the target deciduous fruit tree is not particularly limited. Examples of deciduous fruit trees include at least one selected from the group consisting of apples, pears, cherries, peaches, ume, apricots, loquat, grapes and prunes.
  • the reducing fertilizer used in the present invention is obtained by hydrothermal reaction of yeast or a mixture of yeast components and phosphoric acid and / or potassium.
  • yeast or yeast components The yeast or yeast components used in the present invention are generally known as microbial materials. Yeast and yeast components are predicted to be highly safe and acceptable to consumers even when used for applications such as fertilizer, feed, food and drink, supplements, drugs, among microbial materials. . Yeast may be cultivated especially to produce reducing fertilizer, but it is discharged in the brewing industry such as beer, sake, miso and soy sauce from the viewpoint of waste utilization and reduction of waste disposal costs. It is preferable to use yeast obtained as excess waste.
  • yeast when using yeast for the production of reducing fertilizer, the whole yeast may be used, or the yeast extract or the cell wall of yeast produced when producing the yeast extract may be used. .
  • yeasts and yeast components can be mud, squeezed to reduce moisture, dried to further reduce moisture, powdered, suspended in liquid, etc. It may be a thing.
  • preferable yeast or yeast components include mud beer yeast, pressed beer yeast, dry beer yeast, beer yeast suspension, dry yeast cell wall, yeast cell wall suspension, and beer yeast-containing inorganic substances. be able to.
  • the reducing fertilizer used in the present invention contains phosphoric acid and / or potassium.
  • phosphoric acid As phosphoric acid (phosphate, phosphoric acid-containing component) used in the reducing fertilizer used in the present invention, conventionally known phosphoric acid can be used as a fertilizer component. Specifically, various soluble or soluble fertilizers may be used, and phosphoperium lime, heavy superphosphate lime, and phosphorous fertilizer as a mixture obtained by treating phosphate rock with sulfuric acid to solubilize phosphoric acid. And calcined phosphorus fertilizer. These phosphoric acid components may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • potassium potassium (potassium) As potassium (potassium salt, potassium-containing component) contained in the reducing fertilizer used in the present invention, conventionally known potassium may be used as a fertilizer. Specifically, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium hydroxide, And potassium nitrate. These potassium components may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the reducing fertilizer used in the present invention may contain nitrogen such as ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride; calcium such as quick lime, slaked lime and carbonated lime; magnesium; diatomaceous earth and the like.
  • nitrogen such as ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride
  • calcium such as quick lime, slaked lime and carbonated lime
  • magnesium diatomaceous earth and the like.
  • the hydrothermal reaction in providing the reducing fertilizer used in the present invention is preferably a treatment carried out under sealed conditions at a temperature of 120 ° C. or higher and 220 ° C. or lower, more preferably 150 ° C. or higher and 210 ° C. or lower. Point to.
  • the pressure is preferably 0.9 MPa or more and 1.9 MPa or less, more preferably 1.2 MPa or more and 1.8 MPa or less.
  • a hydrothermal reaction performed at a pressure of 0.9 MPa to 1.9 MPa and 120 ° C. to 220 ° C. is preferable, and a hydrothermal reaction performed at a pressure of 0.9 MPa to 1.9 MPa and 150 ° C. to 210 ° C. is more preferable.
  • a hydrothermal reaction performed at 1.2 MPa to 1.8 MPa and 150 ° C. to 210 ° C. is more preferable.
  • the characteristics that the reducing fertilizer of the present invention generally has will be described below.
  • the redox potential of eukaryotes that breathe is around -180 mV. Since the reducing fertilizer of the present invention contains many components having a low redox potential, it has excellent affinity with cells constituting plants and the like, and components such as phosphoric acid and / or potassium have been confirmed to be effective so far.
  • the yeast-derived component that has been used can be effectively acted on plants and the like.
  • the reducing fertilizer of the present invention since it has a lower redox potential even when compared with yeast or yeast components that have undergone a hydrothermal reaction, and a simple mixture of phosphoric acid and / or potassium, The effectiveness of these components can be further improved.
  • the present invention increases the storage nutrient of a deciduous fruit tree and a drug that suppresses post-harvest defoliation in a deciduous fruit tree obtained by hydrothermal reaction of yeast or a mixture of yeast and phosphoric acid and / or potassium. Also related to drugs.
  • medical agents can be performed according to the method demonstrated in the item of [reducible fertilizer].
  • Manufacturing example Manufacture of reducing fertilizer> After adding 143.6 g of distilled water to a magnetically stirred hydrothermal reactor, 25.4 g of yeast cell wall, 16.2 g of 85% phosphoric acid as phosphoric acid, and 14.8 g of potassium sulfate as potassium were added. After closing the lid and stirring and mixing, the gas phase was replaced with nitrogen gas, and the temperature was raised. A reducing fertilizer was obtained by treatment for 10 minutes under conditions of a pressure of 1.6 MPa or more and a temperature of 180 ° C.
  • Example 1 In Yamagata Prefecture, a comparative test of deciduous leaves of the cherry cultivar “Sato Nishiki” was conducted in the treated and non-treated areas of the fertilizer application of reducing fertilizer. In the treated area, after physiological fall, once in the beginning of June, one week before harvest, the fertilizer is sprayed with a 1000-fold dilution of the reducing fertilizer of the production example (solid content concentration 0.015%) to reduce it. Fertilizer was applied to the cherries. The cherries were harvested from early June to early July. The investigation of fallen leaves was performed by selecting branches with about 200 leaves, measuring the number of leaves immediately after harvesting and 4 months after harvesting, and calculating the fallen leaf rate.
  • Example 2 In Yamagata Prefecture, a comparative test of the chlorophyll increase effect of peach cultivar “Date white peach” and apple cultivar “Tsugaru” was conducted in the treated area and the non-treated area by foliar spraying of reducing fertilizer in the production example.
  • peach is once in July 1 week before harvesting
  • apple is once in August 4 weeks before harvesting
  • the reducing fertilizer was applied to peaches and apples by spraying 0.015%). The peach was harvested in July and the apple was harvested in September.
  • Example 3 In Yamagata Prefecture, in the peach variety “Date white peach” and in Aomori Prefecture, a test to confirm the increase in stored nutrients in the leaves of the apple variety “Fuji” was conducted. The comparison was made with the treatment area. In the treatment area, after the fall of the period, the peach is once in late June and once in July, one week before harvest, and the apple is once in late August, in September, six weeks before harvest. A 1000-fold diluted solution of the reducing fertilizer of the production example (solid content concentration 0.015%) was sprayed on the foliage twice, once in the beginning. The peach was harvested in July and the apple was harvested in October.
  • the harvest weight and quality of peach and apple did not differ between the treated and non-treated areas.
  • the organic nitrogen content of the peach and the apple showed a higher value in the treated sample than in the non-treated sample.
  • the nitrate nitrogen content is less in the treated area than in the untreated area, and by bringing the reducing fertilizer into contact with the deciduous fruit tree, undigested nitrogen is efficiently converted to organic nitrogen.
  • Example 4 In Aomori Prefecture, a comparison test of the leaf fall rate after treatment with reducing fertilizer and the harvest weight of the following year was conducted as a confirmation test of the storage nutrient increase effect in apple variety “Tsugaru”.
  • the leaf surface In the treated area, the leaf surface sprayed with a 1000-fold diluted solution of the reducing fertilizer of the production example (solid content concentration 0.015%) once in early September 2012, one week before harvesting, after the fruit fell. Harvesting took place in mid-September.
  • branches with about 200 leaves were selected, and the number of leaves was counted immediately after harvesting and 2 months after harvesting to calculate the fallen leaf rate.
  • the next year 2013 is a 1000-fold diluted solution of reducing fertilizer of production example (solid content concentration 0.015%) once in late August 2013, one week before harvesting, after physiological fruit fall in the same treatment area as the previous year The leaves were sprayed.
  • Harvesting was carried out in early September, and a total of 18 M balls and L balls of standard size were randomly selected by visual observation, and the weight was measured. The results are shown in FIG.

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Abstract

　La présente invention concerne un procédé pour appliquer, à un corps végétal, un engrais réductible obtenu par réaction hydrothermique d'un mélange d'une levure ou d'un constituant de levure et d'acide phosphorique et/ou de potassium, le procédé comprenant les étapes consistant à supprimer la chute des feuilles après la récolte d'un arbre fruitier à feuilles caduques par l'application de l'engrais réductible aux surfaces des feuilles du corps végétal, qui est un arbre à feuilles caduques, depuis le début de la chute physiologique des fruits jusqu'à la récolte des fruits.
PCT/JP2015/053919 2014-04-28 2015-02-13 Procédé d'application d'engrais réductible à un corps végétal, et agent utilisé pour des arbres fruitiers à feuillage caduque Ceased WO2015166683A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020167033300A KR20160147022A (ko) 2014-04-28 2015-02-13 환원성 비료를 식물체에 적용하는 방법 및 낙엽과수에 사용되는 약제
JP2016515871A JPWO2015166683A1 (ja) 2014-04-28 2015-02-13 還元性肥料を植物体に適用する方法及び落葉果樹に使用される薬剤

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JP2014-092710 2014-04-28
JP2014092710 2014-04-28

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WO2015166683A1 true WO2015166683A1 (fr) 2015-11-05

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JP (1) JPWO2015166683A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20160147022A (fr)
AR (1) AR100188A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015166683A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107211788A (zh) * 2017-05-27 2017-09-29 界首市大自然养殖专业合作社 一种防止黑枸杞大小年的种植方法
CN109748645A (zh) * 2017-11-02 2019-05-14 丹阳市香逸林果专业合作社 一种樱桃树肥料
CN112740950A (zh) * 2020-12-22 2021-05-04 西施生态科技股份有限公司 一种提高产量的富硒茶叶种植方法

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CN111149596B (zh) * 2020-01-06 2021-10-15 深圳市高山水生态园林股份有限公司 适于移植黄连木的土壤生态修复方法及黄连木移植方法

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JPH08113503A (ja) * 1994-08-26 1996-05-07 Nippon Zeon Co Ltd 作物の低温障害防止剤
WO2006059683A1 (fr) * 2004-12-03 2006-06-08 Asahi Breweries, Ltd. Dispositif de controle de croissance de plante
WO2010104197A1 (fr) * 2009-03-13 2010-09-16 アサヒビール株式会社 Mélange réducteur dérivé de micro-organismes qui a un potentiel d'oxydo-réduction inférieur ou égal à 0 mv, et son procédé de production
WO2013094235A1 (fr) * 2011-12-21 2013-06-27 アサヒグループホールディングス株式会社 Engrais réductible
JP5455279B1 (ja) * 2012-10-25 2014-03-26 アサヒグループホールディングス株式会社 ラテックスの増産方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107211788A (zh) * 2017-05-27 2017-09-29 界首市大自然养殖专业合作社 一种防止黑枸杞大小年的种植方法
CN109748645A (zh) * 2017-11-02 2019-05-14 丹阳市香逸林果专业合作社 一种樱桃树肥料
CN112740950A (zh) * 2020-12-22 2021-05-04 西施生态科技股份有限公司 一种提高产量的富硒茶叶种植方法

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KR20160147022A (ko) 2016-12-21
JPWO2015166683A1 (ja) 2017-04-20

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