WO2015151606A1 - リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質、その製造方法およびリチウムイオン二次電池 - Google Patents
リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質、その製造方法およびリチウムイオン二次電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015151606A1 WO2015151606A1 PCT/JP2015/053968 JP2015053968W WO2015151606A1 WO 2015151606 A1 WO2015151606 A1 WO 2015151606A1 JP 2015053968 W JP2015053968 W JP 2015053968W WO 2015151606 A1 WO2015151606 A1 WO 2015151606A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- positive electrode
- active material
- electrode active
- lithium ion
- ion secondary
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G45/00—Compounds of manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G45/00—Compounds of manganese
- C01G45/12—Complex oxides containing manganese and at least one other metal element
- C01G45/1221—Manganates or manganites with trivalent manganese, tetravalent manganese or mixtures thereof
- C01G45/1228—Manganates or manganites with trivalent manganese, tetravalent manganese or mixtures thereof of the type (MnO2)-, e.g. LiMnO2 or Li(MxMn1-x)O2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element
- C01G53/42—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
- C01G53/50—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type (MnO2)n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2 or Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0569—Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/043—Processes of manufacture in general involving compressing or compaction
- H01M4/0433—Molding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0471—Processes of manufacture in general involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1391—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/381—Alkaline or alkaline earth metals elements
- H01M4/382—Lithium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/417—Polyolefins
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/44—Fibrous material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/04—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/62—Submicrometer sized, i.e. from 0.1-1 micrometer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0028—Organic electrolyte characterised by the solvent
- H01M2300/0037—Mixture of solvents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/661—Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a positive electrode active material for a lithium ion secondary battery in which lithium ions are absorbed and released, a method for producing the same, and a lithium ion secondary battery.
- the problem with electric vehicles is that the energy density of the driving battery is low and the travel distance for one charge is short.
- the problem of a power generation system using natural energy is that the amount of generated power fluctuates greatly, a battery with a large capacity is required to level the output, and the cost becomes high.
- a secondary battery with low cost and high energy density is required.
- Lithium ion secondary batteries have a higher energy density per weight than secondary batteries such as nickel hydrogen batteries and lead batteries, and are therefore expected to be applied to electric vehicles and power storage systems.
- secondary batteries such as nickel hydrogen batteries and lead batteries
- further increase in energy density is necessary.
- a positive electrode active material a material having a layered structure and represented by the composition formula LiMO 2 (layered compound based positive electrode active material) is widely used.
- a layered compound in which M is a metal element containing at least Ni or Co is excellent in rate characteristics, and its theoretical capacity is approximately 270 to 280 Ah / kg, which varies depending on the composition of M.
- By charging to a higher potential higher capacity can be used.
- the decomposition of the electrolyte proceeds or the crystal structure collapses, so the capacity of the positive electrode decreases with the cycle.
- surface treatment techniques have been considered up to now.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method for producing a positive electrode including a step of obtaining a positive electrode active material coated with lithium nickel cobalt manganate by applying shear force to a cobalt-based lithium composite oxide surface and performing dry mixing. ing. This improves the stability of the cobalt-based lithium composite oxide at high potential.
- Li 1 + x M ′ 1 ⁇ x O 2 (x> 0.1, M ′ represents Mn and Ni and is represented by Mn> Ni), and a Li-rich material having a layered structure has a potential of 4.5 V or more It is known that a high capacity of 250 Ah / kg or more can be obtained by charging (Patent Document 2 etc.).
- the positive electrode material disclosed in Patent Document 1 covers a cobalt-based lithium composite oxide with a lithium transition metal oxide represented by a composition formula LiMO 2 . Since the lithium transition metal oxide having a low Mn content is used for the covering layer, the covering layer itself is degraded at a high potential exceeding 4.5 V. Further, in Patent Document 1, grain boundaries are formed between the cobalt-based lithium complex oxide in the core and the coating layer on the surface, thereby inhibiting ion diffusion and deteriorating rate characteristics.
- a Li-rich material having a layered structure reported in Patent Document 2 etc. has a lower reaction potential and lower rate characteristics than the lithium transition metal oxide represented by the composition formula LiMO 2 .
- the object of the present invention is to provide a positive electrode active material for a lithium ion secondary battery having both cycle characteristics, high energy density and high rate characteristics when using a layered compound at high potential, a method for producing the same, and lithium using the same It is in providing an ion secondary battery.
- the positive electrode active material for a lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention comprises a core made of a lithium metal composite oxide and a lithium metal composite oxide different in composition from the core, and the surface of the core Both the core and the surface layer have a layered structure, and the surface layer includes Ni, Mn and Li, and the Ni / Mn molar ratio of the surface is smaller than 1 , Preferably less than 0.95.
- the particles may be primary particles, and secondary particles in which a plurality of these primary particles are aggregated and bound may be used, and it is preferable that the particles contained in the surface layer of at least the secondary particles are the particles described above.
- the method for producing a positive electrode active material for a lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention comprises the composition formula Li 1 + x MO 2 + ⁇ (M is a metal element containing at least either Ni or Co, ⁇ Core material particles represented by 0.05 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.1, -0.1 ⁇ ⁇ 0.1), and finer than the core material particles, and containing Ni, Mn and Li, and Ni / Mn mole
- the method is characterized by including a mixing step of mixing with a surface material particle having a ratio smaller than 1 to obtain a mixture, and a heating step of heating the mixture.
- the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention is characterized by including the above-mentioned positive electrode active material.
- the lithium ion secondary battery may be any shape of lithium ion secondary battery such as cylindrical, flat type, square type, coin type, button type and sheet type, and the same basic configuration as the conventional one can be adopted.
- a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator which is interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and is impregnated with an organic electrolyte can be provided.
- the separator separates the positive electrode and the negative electrode to prevent a short circuit, and has ion conductivity through which lithium ions (Li + ) pass.
- the positive electrode is composed of a positive electrode active material, a conductive material, a binder, a current collector, and the like. 1.
- the positive electrode active material primary particle is a particle provided with a core portion and a surface layer portion provided on the surface of the core portion, and the composition of the surface and the inside is different.
- the surface contains Ni, Mn and Li, and the Ni / Mn molar ratio is less than 1 (Ni is less than Mn) at least in the composition of the outermost surface.
- the core portion is made of a lithium metal composite oxide having a layered structure
- the surface layer portion is made of a lithium metal composite oxide having a layered structure, containing Ni, Mn and Li and having a composition different from that of the core portion.
- the layered structure means that the crystal structure is layered.
- the crystal structure can be confirmed by, for example, a transmission electron micrograph (TEM image).
- FIG. 1 (A) A schematic view of the positive electrode active material primary particles is shown in FIG. 1 (A).
- the surface material is a material having a layered structure, containing Ni, Mn, and having a Ni / Mn molar ratio smaller than one. More preferably, the molar ratio of Li to the total molar ratio of other metal elements is greater than 1.
- the surface material has a Ni / Mn molar ratio smaller than 1 and the molar ratio of Li to the total molar ratio of other metal elements is larger than 1, the catalytic activity on the surface is suppressed to decompose the electrolyte. Can be suppressed.
- the stable surface material can suppress the release of oxygen at the surface of the layered compound and can suppress the collapse of the crystal structure.
- the composition does not necessarily have a composition in which the molar ratio of Li to the total molar ratio of other metal elements is larger than 1 after charging.
- the core part and the surface part are in solid solution form, and the layered crystal structure is continuous (integrated as a crystal structure) from the surface to the core part.
- solid solution means that compounds of different compositions diffuse into one another to form a continuous integral crystal structure.
- the surface material 2 'be in solid solution on the surface of the layered compound 1' of the core portion (Fig. 1 (B)).
- the crystal structure of the surface layer portion and the core portion be continuous (integrated as a crystal structure). Thereby, the diffusion of Li ions is not inhibited, and the effect of suppressing oxygen release from the surface of the layered compound is enhanced.
- the continuity of the layered crystal structure from the surface to the core portion can be confirmed by, for example, a transmission electron micrograph (TEM image).
- the Ni / Mn molar ratio of the surface of the positive electrode active material primary particles is less than 1 and preferably less than 0.95.
- the Ni / Mn molar ratio is less than 1, decomposition of the electrolytic solution at high potential is unlikely to occur, and even if charging at high potential is less likely to cause collapse of the crystal structure, the layered compound of the core portion of the positive electrode active material The cycle characteristics when charging to a high potential are improved.
- the surface material of the positive electrode active material is a Li-rich material
- the Li-rich material can function as an active material, so that it is possible to achieve compatibility with the cycle characteristics without reducing the capacity and rate characteristics.
- the molar ratio of Ni, Mn and Li in the surface layer portion of the positive electrode active material primary particles can be selected according to the characteristics to be obtained.
- the surface layer portion of the positive electrode active material primary particles can also contain other elements in addition to Ni, Mn and Li for the purpose of adjusting physical properties and the like.
- Other elements are not particularly limited, and various elements such as Co, Al, V, Fe, Mo, Zr, Ti, W, Cr, Mg, Nb, Cu, Zn, Sn, Si, P, F, etc. Although it can mention, Preferably it is Co. Two or more of these elements A may be contained.
- the surface layer portion of the positive electrode active material primary particle contains Co in addition to Ni, Mn and Li
- the proportion (b) of Ni tends to increase due to the diffusion of the component from the inner core material, but the amount is preferably smaller to maintain the Mn molar ratio in the surface layer and to improve the life.
- the total amount of Co and Ni of about 0.2 is sufficient to maintain the structure of the surface layer.
- the proportion of Mn (c) is preferably large because it maintains an excessive amount of Li on the surface and contributes to the improvement of the stability at a high potential.
- the proportion (d) of the other element A can secure the amounts of Ni and Mn, and can appropriately select an amount capable of adjusting the other physical properties. In particular, in the case where A contains Co, d is preferably 0 or more and less than 0.3, and in the case of other elements, it is preferably approximately 0 to 0.1.
- the molar ratio of Li is 1.1 or more, where the total of the other elements (Ni, Mn, A) is 1.
- the surface layer portion including the solid solution layer be thin and uniformly disposed with respect to the surface of the layered compound of the core portion.
- the thickness of the surface layer portion is preferably 120 nm or less, and more preferably 50 nm or less.
- the thickness of the surface layer portion relative to the particle diameter of the layered compound in the core portion is preferably 0.1 or less.
- the layered compound of the core portion of the primary particle of the positive electrode active material is not particularly limited as long as it has a layered structure capable of absorbing and releasing lithium ions, and materials of various compositions can be used.
- the layered compound is excellent in rate characteristics, and in any case, by providing the above-mentioned surface layer portion, it is possible to suppress the crystal structure collapse without inhibiting the storage and release of lithium ions of the layered compound in the core portion. , It is possible to improve cycle characteristics while maintaining rate characteristics.
- the layered compound of the core portion of the primary particle of the positive electrode active material is preferably a metal element containing at least one of Ni and Co, and the composition formula Li 1 + x MO 2 + ⁇ (-0.05 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.1, ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ ⁇ 0.1). It is preferable to have a hexagonal crystal structure of LiMO 2 .
- the metal element M in the above composition formula is not particularly limited, and various metals such as Ni, Mn, Co, Al, V, Fe, Mo, Zr, Ti, W, Cr, Mg, Nb, Cu, Zn, etc.
- the metal elements of the above can be mentioned, but Ni, Mn and Co are preferable in terms of capacity and resistance.
- the layered compound of the core portion of the positive electrode material primary particles can also contain two or more of these metal elements M.
- the metal element M contains at least one of Ni and Co.
- the metal element M includes Ni and Mn.
- the Ni / Mn molar ratio of the core portion is preferably 1 or more.
- the metal element M contained in the core portion of the positive electrode active material of the present invention is Co, preferably, the molar ratio of Co in the surface layer portion of the positive electrode active material is smaller than that of the core portion of the positive electrode active material.
- Composition of the core portion of the positive electrode active material primary particles for example, Li 1 + x Ni p Co q Mn r O 2, Li 1 + x CoO 2, Li 1 + x Ni p Co q Al s O 2 (-0.05 ⁇ x ⁇ 0. It can be represented by a composition formula such as 1, p> r, p> 0, q ⁇ 0, r ⁇ 0, s ⁇ 0). In addition, since Li is desorbed after charging, 0.1 ⁇ 1 + x ⁇ 1.1.
- the surface material in the interface region between the surface layer portion and the core portion, it is desirable that the surface material be in solid solution on the surface of the layered compound of the core portion.
- the molar ratio of the metal element is from the surface portion side to the core portion side of the positive electrode active material or It changes continuously from the core side to the surface side.
- the molar ratio of the metal element changes continuously from the surface portion side to the core portion side of the positive electrode active material or from the core portion side to the surface portion side
- the molar ratio of the metal element is from the surface layer side to the core portion side of this layer, or from the core portion side to the surface layer side It means that it is decreasing or increasing continuously.
- the continuous decrease or increase in the molar ratio of the metal element may either decrease or increase to have a substantially linear slope, or may be stepwise decreased or increased in two or more steps.
- the fact that the molar ratio of the metal element is continuously changing means, for example, that the molar ratio of the metal element from the surface layer portion to the core portion side of the positive electrode active material or from the core portion side to the surface layer portion is TEM-EDX It can confirm by measuring by.
- the positive electrode active material primary particles have a Mn molar ratio in the interface region between the surface layer portion and the core portion (hereinafter also referred to as an interface region) from the surface layer side of the positive electrode active material primary particles to the core portion side It has been changing continuously.
- the Mn molar ratio decreases from the surface layer side to the core region side of the positive electrode active material primary particles in the interface region.
- the Mn molar ratio is the value of the change (%) of the molar ratio of the metal element to the change (nm) in the thickness direction from the surface layer side to the core part of the primary particle of the positive electrode active material in the interface region
- the change in molar ratio (%) / the change in thickness (nm) decreases from 1 to 20%.
- the Ni molar ratio of the positive electrode active material primary particles changes continuously from the surface portion side to the core portion side of the positive electrode active material primary particles.
- the Ni molar ratio increases in the interface region from the surface layer side to the core portion side of the positive electrode active material.
- the molar ratio of Ni to the core part in the interface region is, for example, a change (%) in the molar ratio of the metal element to the change (nm) in the thickness direction from 1 to It will increase by 20%.
- the Co molar ratio of the positive electrode active material primary particles changes continuously from the core portion side to the surface portion side of the positive electrode active material. There is. In the positive electrode active material, the Co molar ratio decreases from the core portion side to the surface portion side in the interface region.
- the Co molar ratio is such that, for example, the change (%) of the molar ratio of the metal element to the change (nm) in the thickness direction is 0.5 to 5 in the interface region from the core side to the surface side of the positive electrode active material. It will decrease by 10%.
- the Ni / Mn molar ratio changes continuously from the surface layer side of the positive electrode active material to the core portion in the interface region between the surface layer portion and the core portion of the positive electrode active material. doing.
- the Ni / Mn molar ratio in the interface region increases from the surface layer side to the core portion side of the positive electrode active material.
- the Ni / Mn molar ratio is, for example, 0.01 to 0 in the molar ratio of the metal element to the change in the thickness direction (nm) in the interface region from the surface layer side to the core portion side of the positive electrode active material. .25 will increase.
- the Li molar ratio in the surface layer portion of the positive electrode active material is larger than that of the core portion of the positive electrode active material.
- the Li molar ratio changes continuously from the core portion side to the surface layer side of the positive electrode active material.
- the Li molar ratio increases in the interface region from the core portion side to the surface portion side of the positive electrode active material.
- the molar ratio of Li is, for example, a value of the change (%) of the molar ratio of the metal element to the change (nm) in the thickness direction in the interface region from the core portion side to the surface portion side of the positive electrode active material Increase by 0.01.
- the average particle size of the positive electrode active material primary particles is, for example, 0.1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, preferably 0.5 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m.
- the particle size can be observed with a scanning electron microscope or a transmission electron microscope, or can be measured with a laser diffraction scattering particle size distribution analyzer.
- the positive electrode active material further includes electrochemically inactive materials such as Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , MgO, TiO 2 , SnO 2 , B 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , AlF 3 , and carbon materials. It may be coated with In that case, "surface" in the present specification means not the outermost surface of the positive electrode active material but the surface under the electrochemically inactive coating material.
- the layered compound containing Ni and Co is mainly composed of a metal element having a high catalytic activity such as Ni and Co, and therefore promotes the decomposition of the electrolytic solution at a high potential. Also, as shown in FIG. 2A, in the discharge state, the transition metal M, lithium and oxygen form a layered structure to form a stable crystal structure, but as shown in FIG. When charged, many of the Li layers in the crystal become vacancies, destabilizing the crystal structure, and changing Ni or Co to a stable divalent or trivalent oxide.
- a transition metal layer similar to Li 2 MnO 3 has a crystal structure containing Li and is stabilized. It is a Li excess material which is Ni / Mn ⁇ 1 that has such a crystal structure.
- the Li excess material having Ni / Mn ⁇ 1 contains Mn as a main component whose catalytic activity is lower than Ni and Co, and therefore decomposition of the electrolyte solution at a high potential does not easily occur. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3A, in this Li-rich material, Li is also contained in the transition metal layer. As shown in Fig. 3-1 (B), after lithium is released from the lithium layer during charging, the Li of this transition metal layer moves to the Li layer during high potential charging, so the crystal structure is less likely to be destabilized. , Hard to disassemble.
- the surface side of the layered compound 1 is covered with the Li-excess material as the surface material 2 so that the electrolytic solution on the surface of the positive electrode active material at a high potential of 4.5 V or more And the deterioration of the positive electrode active material can be suppressed. Further, since both the layered compound and the surface material have a layered structure, it is possible to form a continuous crystal structure in which the Li layer, the transition metal layer, and the oxygen layer are integrated.
- the thickness of the surface layer portion preferably has a thickness that maintains the composition of the outermost surface sufficient to suppress deterioration during high charge.
- the thickness of the surface layer portion is preferably 120 nm or less.
- a solid solution layer is also included in the thickness of the said surface layer part.
- the Li molar ratio is different between the core portion and the surface portion. If the difference in the amount of Li or the component ratio of the metal is largely different, stress may be generated in the interface region due to the difference in crystal lattice constant due to the difference in composition and the difference in expansion and contraction due to charge and discharge.
- the interface region is made into a solid solution so that the component changes continuously.
- the range in which the solid solution is made is sufficient as long as the above-mentioned stress relaxation is possible, and in order to widen the range in which the solid solution is made, the amount of surface material constituting the surface layer is increased, and the core is formed. The region where composition change on the side of the layered compound occurs also widens.
- the positive electrode active material comprises a mixing step of mixing core material particles and a surface material which is finer than core material particles to obtain a mixture, and a heating step of heating the obtained mixture. It can manufacture by the method of including. By mixing the core material particles and the surface material particles, a mixture in which the surface material is attached to the surface of the core material particles is obtained.
- the layered compound of said positive electrode active material can be used as a core material used for a positive electrode active material.
- the core material is preferably a metal element containing the composition formula Li 1 + x MO 2 + ⁇ (M is at least one of Ni and Co, and -0.05 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.1, -0.1 ⁇ ⁇ 0.1 Can be written in In addition, (beta) changes suitably with Li ratio and the kind and ratio of the metal element M. As shown in FIG.
- the metal element M contains at least one of Ni and Co.
- the core material can be, for example, the composition formula Li 1 + x Ni p Co q Mn r O 2, Li 1 + x CoO 2, Li 1 + x Ni p Co q Al s O 2 (-0.05 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.1, p> r, It can be expressed by a composition formula such as p> 0, q ⁇ 0, r ⁇ 0, s ⁇ 0).
- the surface material used for the positive electrode active material is not particularly limited as long as the surface layer portion of the positive electrode active material can be formed. As described above, in the interface region between the surface layer portion and the core portion, the surface material is in solid solution with the layered compound of the core material in the positive electrode active material primary particles. When the range of solid solution becomes wide and solid solution is made up to the outermost surface of the entire surface material, the composition of the surface material to be used and the composition of the surface of the obtained positive electrode active material are different.
- a suitable surface material composition can be selected.
- the surface material one having a molar ratio of Li and Mn higher than that of the core material can be applied besides the above-mentioned ones.
- a composition formula Li 1 + x Mn 1-x containing Li and Mn but not Ni can be used, preferably Li 2 MnO 3 (Li 1.33 Mn 0.67 O 2 ) It is.
- Li 2 MnO 3 has low electron conductivity and tends to become a resistance, it is desirable that it not be left as Li 2 MnO 3 after heat treatment, and be in a state of a Li excess material having a layered structure containing other metal elements.
- the weight ratio of the core material to the surface material is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 99: 1 to 85:15. From the viewpoint of capacity and resistance, it is better for the surface material to be smaller. From the viewpoint, a sufficient surface material is required, preferably 98: 2 to 93: 7.
- the step of mixing the core and facing may be performed, for example, with a mortar and pestle, a ball mill, a jet mill, a rod mill, or a high shear blender.
- the heating step of heating the mixture of the core material particles and the surface material particles is not particularly limited as long as the surface material particles form a solid solution on the surface of the core material particles, and the heating conditions according to the core material particles used Can be selected.
- the heat treatment temperature is, for example, 600 ° C. or higher, preferably 600 to 1050 ° C., for example, 750 to 500 ° C., for solid solution to unify the crystal structure and keep the diffusion distance within a certain distance. More desirable is 950 ° C.
- the heat treatment temperature is preferably a temperature equal to or lower than the heat treatment temperature (synthesis temperature) at the time of production of the core material particles.
- the heat treatment time can be appropriately selected according to the core material to be used, the surface material and the heat treatment temperature, but it is preferably 30 minutes to 6 hours.
- the positive electrode active material manufactured by the above-mentioned method exhibits the above-mentioned preferable effects.
- the positive electrode active material has a layered structure and can be represented by the composition formula Li 1 + x MO 2 + ⁇ , where M is a metal element containing at least one of Ni and Co, -0.05 ⁇ x ⁇ 0 1.
- M is a metal element containing at least one of Ni and Co, -0.05 ⁇ x ⁇ 0 1.
- Cathode Active Material Consisting of Secondary Particles can also be made into secondary particles in which a plurality of the above-mentioned primary particles are aggregated / bonded in order to facilitate handling. The secondary particles are distinguished from primary particles having no grain boundaries in the particles due to the presence of grain boundaries in the particles.
- FIG. 3-3 shows a cross-sectional view of a positive electrode active material composed of secondary particles.
- the primary particles described above form a secondary particle in which a plurality of aggregated particles are bonded.
- secondary particles By using secondary particles as a positive electrode active material, it also contributes to the improvement of the energy density of the positive electrode and the like.
- the surface of the layered compound 1 in the core portion is covered with the surface material 2 with respect to primary particles contained in the entire secondary particles
- the primary particles disposed in the vicinity (outside) of the surface of at least the secondary particles have the surface of the layered compound 1 covered with the surface material 2.
- the particles of the layered compound 1 may be left as they are.
- FIG. 3-3 (A) when the particles coated with the surface material to the inside of the secondary particles are used, the deterioration of the cycle characteristics is further suppressed, and a long life can be achieved.
- FIG. 3-3 (B) even when particles coated only on particles near the surface are used, the effect of improving cycle characteristics can be obtained, and a positive electrode active material excellent in rate characteristics Can provide
- the particle size of the primary particles can be adjusted depending on the composition of the layered compound and the production conditions, as in the case of the positive electrode active material comprising the above primary particles, and is usually about several hundred nm to about 20 ⁇ m, for example, about several ⁇ m to about 20 ⁇ m.
- layered compound particles mainly composed of Ni and Mn tend to have a particle size of about 3 ⁇ m
- layered compound particles mainly composed of Co tend to have a large particle size, and can be about 15 to 20 ⁇ m.
- the particle size of the secondary particles is preferably about 3 to 50 ⁇ m, although it depends on the particle size of the primary particles.
- the surface layer portion is provided only on the primary particles disposed in the vicinity of the surface of the secondary particles, it is preferable that the surface layer portion be provided on the primary particles to a depth of 5 to 15% of the secondary particle diameter.
- each primary particle that forms the secondary particles be the positive electrode active material obtained by the above-mentioned production method. 4. Method of Producing Secondary Particles
- the secondary particles can be produced by aggregating and bonding the primary particles obtained by the above-mentioned production method to form secondary particles.
- Secondary particle formation of primary particles can be performed, for example, by heat-treating a slurry of primary particles after spray drying.
- the slurry obtained by mixing the core material and the surface material may be spray-dried and then heat-treated to form secondary particles simultaneously with the heat treatment of the core material and the surface material.
- Negative electrode The negative electrode used for the lithium ion secondary battery preferably has a low discharge potential, and the negative electrode contains lithium metal, carbon with a low discharge potential, Si, Sn having a large weight specific capacity, and alloys or oxides thereof, safety Various materials such as lithium titanate (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ) having high properties can be used. 6.
- a separator used for a lithium ion secondary battery a material having ion conductivity and insulation and not dissolving in an electrolytic solution can be used, and a porous body or non-woven fabric made of PE or PP can be used.
- the organic electrolyte the Li salt such as LiPF 6 or LiBF 4 EC, cyclic carbonate and DMC, such as PC, EMC, those dissolved in chain carbonates such as DEC can be used. 7.
- Lithium Ion Secondary Battery and Use Thereof A lithium ion secondary battery having a positive electrode using the above-described positive electrode active material will be described. Although the effect of the present invention is remarkable when the battery is charged to a high voltage, it is not necessary to limit to a high voltage, and an arbitrary charging voltage can be selected.
- a lithium ion secondary battery having a positive electrode using the above-mentioned positive electrode active material can be used for a battery module, and a hybrid railway traveling with an engine and a motor, an electric vehicle traveling with a motor using the battery as an energy source, a hybrid
- the present invention can be applied to power supplies of various vehicles such as automobiles, plug-in hybrid cars that can charge batteries from the outside, and fuel cell cars that extract electric power from a chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen.
- FIG. 1 A schematic plan view of a drive system of an electric vehicle (vehicle) as a representative example is shown in FIG.
- Electric power is supplied from the battery module 16 to the motor 17 via a battery controller, a motor controller, etc. (not shown), and the electric vehicle 30 is driven. Further, the electric power regenerated by the motor 17 at the time of deceleration is stored in the battery module 16 via the battery controller.
- the battery module 16 using one or more lithium ion secondary batteries having a positive electrode using a positive electrode active material, the energy density and the power density of the battery module are improved, and an electric vehicle (vehicle) The 30 system runs longer and power is improved.
- the vehicle is widely applicable to forklifts, yard carriers such as factories, electric wheelchairs, various types of satellites, rockets, submarines, etc. other than the illustrated ones, and is limited as long as it has a battery (battery). It is applicable.
- a battery module using one or more lithium ion secondary batteries having a positive electrode using a positive electrode active material is a solar cell 18 for converting solar light energy into electric power, natural energy such as wind power generation using wind power Can be applied to the power storage power source of the power generation system (power storage system) S using the The outline is shown in FIG.
- the battery module 16 By applying the battery module 16 using one or more lithium ion secondary batteries having a positive electrode using a positive electrode active material as the power storage power source, it is possible to obtain the necessary capacity and output with a small number of batteries. The cost of the system (power storage system) S is reduced.
- the power generation system using the solar cell 18 and the wind power generator 19 was illustrated as an electric power storage system, it is not limited to this, It is widely applicable also to the power storage system using another power generator.
- the surface layer portion in the range of about 20 nm from the surface is a solid solution layer in the entire region.
- the compositions of Mn, Ni, and Co change continuously from the surface toward the interior, and the Ni / Mn atomic ratio of the surface is smaller than 1.
- FIG. 6 shows a TEM image of the positive electrode active material. As shown in FIG. 6, from the surface of the active material to a region at a depth of 20 nm or more where the composition is constant, a layer-like interference fringe without disturbance was observed, and the crystal structure was continuous.
- the Li concentration on the surface of the active material can be analyzed by electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), high energy X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Auger electron spectroscopy, or the like. Although there was some variation in the atomic ratio, the amount of Li in the surface layer was larger than that in the inside, and increased and decreased with the ratio of Mn.
- Example 4 Synthesis of layered compound NCM 811 material
- the obtained slurry was spray-dried to obtain a secondary particled raw material mixed powder.
- the obtained mixed powder was calcined at 880 ° C. for 12 hours in an oxygen atmosphere to synthesize secondary particle-formed layered active material Li 1.03 Ni 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 .
- the layered compound synthesized and the Li-rich material obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 were weighed and mixed so as to be 95: 5, and the lithium-rich material to the layered compound secondary-particled by mechanical coating treatment Was coated.
- the obtained powder was calcined at 850 ° C. for 1 hour in an oxygen atmosphere to synthesize an active material in which a Li excess material was solid-solved on the surface of the layered compound secondary particles.
- Ni was not contained in the Li-rich material, Ni diffused from the layered compound to the surface of the synthesized active material, and the Ni / Mn molar ratio of the surface was 0.87.
- Comparative Example 1 was the same as Example 1 except that the surface solution treatment of the Li-rich material to the layered compound NCM 523 was not performed.
- Comparative Example 2 was the same as Example 2 except that the surface solution treatment of the Li-rich material to the layered compound LiCoO 2 was not performed.
- Comparative example 3 Comparative Example 3 was the same as Example 3 except that the surface solution treatment of the Li-rich material to the layered compound NCM811 material was not performed.
- Comparative Example 4 was the same as Example 1 except that the layered compound NCM111 was used as a surface material to be dissolved in the layered compound NCM523.
- a core material was produced with the average composition of Example 3.
- the obtained mixed powder was fired at 880 ° C. for 12 hours in an oxygen atmosphere to synthesize a layered active material Li 1.06 Ni 0.728 Co 0.091 Mn 0.151 O 2 .
- the manufactured positive electrode was punched to a diameter of 15 mm and used.
- Lithium metal was used for the negative electrode, and a 30 ⁇ m thick PP (polypropylene) porous separator having ion conductivity and insulation was used for the separator.
- EC ethylene carbonate
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- electrolyte solution electrolyte solution
- electrolyte electrolyte solution
- a lithium ion secondary battery using the positive electrode active material of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 is charged by 0.2 C constant current / constant potential charge, and then charged to 3.3 V at 0.2 C constant current. The battery was discharged to measure the discharge capacity. Then, after charging by constant current / constant potential charge of 0.2C again, it discharged to 3.3V with the constant current of 1 C, and measured discharge capacity.
- the charging upper limit potential was 4.6 V
- Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 the charging upper limit potential was 4.45 V.
- the charge / discharge rate 1C was defined as 210 A / kg based on the weight of the positive electrode active material.
- Table 1 shows the 1 C discharge capacities, rate capacity ratios, and cycle capacity ratios of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 below.
- Comparative Example 4 has a Ni / Mn molar ratio lower than that of Comparative Example 1, but Ni / Mn molar ratio> 1 and the surface is not a Li-rich material, but is a layered compound and is high in electric potential. The cycle characteristics were hardly improved.
- Example 4 although only primary particles in the vicinity of the surface of the secondary particles are used as particles having a concentration difference between the surface layer portion and the core portion, the effect of improving the cycle capacity ratio is obtained compared to Comparative Example 3. It was done. However, a higher effect was obtained in Example 3 in which particles having a concentration difference between the surface layer portion and the core portion of the primary particles up to the inside of the secondary particles were used.
- Example 3 and Comparative Example 5 are compared, although the average composition is the same, the capacity is high in Example 3 and the cycle capacity ratio is greatly improved.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
Description
1.正極活物質一次粒子
正極活物質一次粒子は、コア部と、コア部の表面に設けられた表層部とを備える粒子であり、表面と内部の組成が異なり、表面と内部がともに層状構造であり、表面がNi、MnおよびLiを含み、少なくとも最表面の組成においてNi/Mnモル比が1よりも小さい(NiがMnよりも少ない)。コア部は、層状構造を備えるリチウム金属複合酸化物よりなり、表層部は、層状構造を備え、Ni、MnおよびLiを含み、コア部と組成の異なるリチウム金属複合酸化物よりなる。
(式1) LiM(III)O2⇒Li++M(IV)O2+e-(充電反応)
(式2) M(IV)O2⇒M(III)O1.5+0.25O2
⇒M(II)O+0.5O2(分解反応)
なお、式2の反応では酸素を放出する必要があるため、反応は主に活物質表面で起こる。
2.正極活物質一次粒子の製造方法
正極活物質は、コア材粒子と、コア材粒子より微粒である表面材とを混合して混合物を得る混合工程と、得られた混合物を加熱する加熱工程とを含む方法により製造することができる。コア材粒子と表面材粒子とを混合することにより、コア材粒子の表面に表面材が付着した混合物が得られる。
3.二次粒子よりなる正極活物質
正極活物質は、また、取り扱いを容易にするため、複数の前記の一次粒子を凝集・結合させた二次粒子とすることができる。なお、二次粒子は、粒子内の粒界が存在することより、粒子内に粒界のない一次粒子と区別される。
4.二次粒子の製造方法
また、前記の二次粒子の製造方法について説明する。二次粒子は、前記の製造方法で得られた一次粒子を凝集・結合させて二次粒子化することによって製造することができる。
5.負極
リチウムイオン二次電池に使用する負極は、放電電位が低いことが好ましく、負極には、リチウム金属、低い放電電位をもつ炭素、重量比容量が大きいSi、Snおよびその合金や酸化物、安全性が高いチタン酸リチウム(Li4Ti5O12)等の種々の材料を使用することができる。
6.セパレータ
リチウムイオン二次電池に使用するセパレータには、イオン伝導性および絶縁性を有し、かつ、電解液に溶解しない材料を使用でき、PEやPP製の多孔体、不織布等が使用できる。有機電解液としては、LiPF6やLiBF4等のLi塩をEC、PCなどの環状カーボネートやDMC、EMC、DECなど鎖状カーボネートに溶解させたものを使用できる。
7.リチウムイオン二次電池およびその利用
前記の正極活物質を用いた正極を有するリチウムイオン二次電池について説明する。なお、本発明の効果は、電池を高電圧まで充電した場合において顕著となるものの、高電圧に限る必要はなく、任意の充電電圧を選択することができる。
以下に、本発明を詳細に説明するための一形態として実施例を示す。但し、本発明の技術的範囲はこれら実施例に限定されるものではない。
(層状化合物NCM523の合成)
本明細書において、NCM523とは、組成式Li1+xNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2+β(-0.05<x<0.1、-0.1<β<0.1)で表わされる層状化合物を意味する。
(Li過剰材Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2の合成)
炭酸リチウム、炭酸ニッケル、炭酸マンガンをLi:Ni:Mn=1.2:0.2:0.6のモル比となるように秤量し、遊星ボールミルを用いて粉砕混合した。得られた混合粉を空気雰囲気において700℃で12時間焼成し、Li過剰材Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2を合成した。得られたLi過剰材の平均粒径は50nmであった。
(層状化合物へのLi過剰材の表面固溶処理)
合成した層状化合物とLi過剰材の重量比が95:5になるように秤量し、遊星ボールミルで混合した。得られた混合粉を空気雰囲気において900℃で1時間焼成し、層状化合物表面にLi過剰材が固溶した活物質を合成した。通常、Li過剰材を900℃で加熱すると、Li2MnO3に起因するピークが現れるが、合成した活物質をX線回折分析した結果、層状化合物のピークのみ検出され、Li過剰材特有のLi2MnO3に起因したピークは検出されず、層状化合物とLi過剰材が一体化したことが確認できた。
(表面濃度の測定)
合成した活物質を薄片化し、TEM-EDXで活物質断面の組成を分析した。結果を表1に示す。
(実施例2)
実施例2は層状化合物としてLiCoO2を使用した他は実施例1と同様にした。LiCoO2の合成過程を以下に示す。炭酸リチウム、炭酸コバルトをLi:Co=1:1のモル比となるように秤量し、遊星ボールミルを用いて粉砕混合した。得られた混合粉を空気雰囲気において950℃で12時間焼成し、LiCoO2を合成した。
(実施例3)
(層状化合物NCM811材の合成)
本明細書において、NCM811とは、組成式Li1+xNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2+β(-0.05<x<0.1、-0.1<β<0.1)で表わされる層状化合物を意味する。
(Li過剰材Li1.33Mn0.67O2の合成)
炭酸リチウム、炭酸マンガンをLi:Mn=1.33:0.67のモル比となるように秤量し、遊星ボールミルを用いて粉砕混合した。得られた混合粉を空気雰囲気において700℃で12時間焼成し、Li過剰材Li1.33Mn0.67O2を合成した。
(層状化合物へのLi過剰材の表面固溶処理)
合成した層状化合物とLi過剰材の重量比が95:5になるように秤量し、純水を加えた状態で遊星ボールミルで混合してスラリーを得た。得られたスラリーを噴霧乾燥することで、層状化合物とLi過剰材の混合二次粒子粉を得た。得られた混合二次粒子粉を酸素雰囲気において850℃で1時間焼成し、層状化合物表面にLi過剰材が固溶した活物質を合成した。Li過剰材にNiは含まれていないものの、合成した活物質表面へは層状化合物からNiが拡散し、表面のNi/Mnモル比は0.91であった。
(実施例4)
(層状化合物NCM811材の合成)
炭酸リチウム、炭酸ニッケル、炭酸コバルト、炭酸マンガンをLi:Ni:Co:Mn=1.03:0.8:0.1:0.1のモル比となるように秤量し、純水を加えた状態で遊星ボールミルを用いて粉砕混合し、スラリーとした。得られたスラリーを噴霧乾燥し、二次粒子化された原料混合粉を得た。得られた混合粉を酸素雰囲気において880℃で12時間焼成し、二次粒子化した層状活物質Li1.03Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2を合成した。
(層状化合物へのLi過剰材の表面固溶処理)
合成した層状化合物と実施例3と同様にして得たLi過剰材が95:5になるように秤量混合し、機械的な被覆処理により、二次粒子化された層状化合物に対してLi過剰材を被覆した。
(比較例1)
比較例1は、層状化合物NCM523へのLi過剰材の表面固溶処理を実施しなかった他は実施例1と同様にした。
(比較例2)
比較例2は、層状化合物LiCoO2へのLi過剰材の表面固溶処理を実施しなかった他は実施例2と同様にした。
(比較例3)
比較例3は、層状化合物NCM811材へのLi過剰材の表面固溶処理を実施しなかった他は実施例3と同様にした。
(比較例4)
比較例4は、層状化合物NCM523に固溶させる表面材として層状化合物NCM111材を使用した他は実施例1と同様にした。層状化合物NCM111の合成過程を以下に示す。炭酸リチウム、炭酸ニッケル、炭酸コバルト、炭酸マンガンをLi:Ni:Co:Mn=1.03:0.333:0.333:0.333のモル比となるように秤量し、遊星ボールミルを用いて粉砕混合した。得られた混合粉を空気雰囲気において700℃で12時間焼成した。
(比較例5)
実施例3の平均組成でコア材を作製した。炭酸リチウム、炭酸ニッケル、炭酸コバルト、炭酸マンガンをLi:Ni:Co:Mn=1.06:0.728:0.091:0.151のモル比となるように秤量し、遊星ボールミルを用いて粉砕混合した。得られた混合粉を酸素雰囲気において880℃で12時間焼成し、層状活物質Li1.06Ni0.728Co0.091Mn0.151O2を合成した。
(リチウムイオン二次電池の評価)
(正極の製造)
合成した実施例1~4および比較例1~5の正極活物質と炭素系導電材料、および、あらかじめN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)に溶解させたバインダを質量%でそれぞれ85:10:5の割合で混合し、均一に混合されたスラリーを厚み20μmのアルミニウム箔の集電体上に塗布した。その後、120℃で乾燥し、プレスにて電極密度が2.5g/cm3になるよう圧縮成形した。
(リチウムイオン二次電池の製造)
次に、リチウムイオン二次電池の製造について説明する。
(レート特性の測定)
実施例1~4および比較例1~5の正極活物質を使用したリチウムイオン二次電池を、0.2Cの定電流/定電位充電で充電した後、0.2Cの定電流で3.3Vまで放電し、放電容量を測定した。その後、再び0.2Cの定電流/定電位充電で充電した後、1Cの定電流で3.3Vまで放電し、放電容量を測定した。実施例1、3と比較例1、3、~5では充電上限電位を4.6Vとし、実施例2と比較例2では充電上限電位は4.45Vとした。また、充放電レート1Cは、正極活物質重量基準210A/kgと定義した。
(サイクル特性の測定)
実施例1~4と比較例1~5の正極活物質を使用したリチウムイオン二次電池をレート特性測定後に、1Cの定電流/定電位充電で充電、および、1Cの定電流で3.3Vまで放電を50サイクル繰り返した。充電電位は、レート特性と同じ電位とした。サイクル特性測定における50サイクル目の放電容量/1サイクル目の放電容量(以後、サイクル容量比と定義)をサイクル特性の基準とした。
2:表面材
3:遷移金属M
4:リチウム
5:酸素原子
6:金属酸化物
7:過剰量のリチウム原子
16:電池モジュール
17:モータ
30:電気自動車
S:発電システム
本明細書で引用した全ての刊行物、特許および特許出願をそのまま参考として本明細書にとり入れるものとする。
Claims (22)
- リチウム金属複合酸化物よりなるコア部と、
前記コア部と組成の異なるリチウム金属複合酸化物よりなり、前記コア部の表面に設けられた表層部とを備える粒子を含むリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質であって、
前記コア部と前記表層部とがともに層状構造を備え、
前記表層部は、Ni、MnおよびLiを含み、
表面のNi/Mnモル比が0.95よりも小さいことを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質。 - 請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質であって、
前記表層部は、組成式Li1+aNibMncAdO2+α(AはLi、Ni、Mn以外の元素であり、0.05≦a<0.33、0<b<0.45、0.30≦c<0.75、b/c<1、0≦d<0.3、a+b+c+d=1、-0.1<α<0.1)で表わされる化合物よりなることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質。 - 請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質であって、
前記表層部の厚さが120nm以下であることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質。 - 請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質であって、
前記コア部は、組成式Li1+xMO2+β(Mは少なくともNiとCoのいずれかを含む金属元素であり、-0.05<x<0.1、-0.1<β<0.1)で表わされる化合物よりなることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質。 - 請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質であって、
前記コア部は少なくともNiとMnとを含み、Ni/Mnモル比が1以上であることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質。 - 請求項5に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質であって、
前記コア部と前記表層部の少なくとも界面領域を含む領域で、表層部側からコア部側にかけてNi/Mnモル比が連続的に変化していることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質。 - 請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質であって、
前記コア部はCoを含み、前記コア部のCoモル比よりも、前記表層部のCoモル比が小さいことを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質。 - 請求項7に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質であって、
前記コア部と前記表層部の少なくとも界面領域を含む領域で、コア部側から表層部側にかけてCoモル比が連続的に変化していることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質。 - 請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質であって、
前記表層部の金属元素に対するLiモル比は、前記コア部の金属元素に対するLiモル比よりも大きいことを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質。 - 請求項9に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質であって、
前記コア部と前記表層部の少なくとも界面領域を含む領域で、コア部側から表層部側にかけてLiモル比が連続的に変化していることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質。 - 請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質であって、
前記コア部と前記表層部の結晶構造が連続していることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質。 - 請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質であって、
前記粒子を一次粒子として、これらが複数凝集結合した二次粒子であることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質。 - 請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質であって、
前記粒子と、他のリチウム金属複合酸化物粒子とが複数凝集結合した二次粒子であり、
前記粒子は、少なくとも前記二次粒子の表層部に含まれることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質。 - 請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質であって、
前記コア部は一次粒子が凝集した二次粒子からなることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質。 - 組成式Li1+xMO2+β(Mは少なくともNiとCoのいずれかを含む金属元素であり、-0.05<x<0.1、-0.1<β<0.1)で表わされるコア材粒子と、前記コア材粒子より微粒であって、Ni、MnおよびLiを含み、Ni/Mnモル比が1よりも小さい表面材粒子とを混合して混合物を得る混合工程と、前記混合物を加熱する加熱工程を備えることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法。
- 組成式Li1+xMO2+β(Mは少なくともNiとCoのいずれかを含む金属元素であり、-0.05<x<0.1、-0.1<β<0.1)で表わされるコア材粒子と、前記コア材粒子より微粒であって、Ni、MnおよびLiを含み、Ni/Mnモル比が1よりも小さい表面材粒子とを混合して混合物を得る混合工程と、前記混合物を加熱する加熱工程とにより一次粒子を製造し、得られた一次粒子を二次粒子化する工程を備えることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法。
- 請求項15に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法であって、
前記コア材粒子を二次粒子化する工程を備えることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法。 - 請求項15ないし17のいずれかに記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法であって、
前記表面材粒子は、組成式Li1+aNibMncAdO2+α(AはLi、Ni、Mn以外の元素であり、0.05≦a<0.33、0<b<0.40、0.35≦c<0.80、b/c<1、0≦d<0.3、a+b+c+d=1、-0.1<α<0.1)で表わされる化合物であることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法。 - 請求項15ないし17のいずれかに記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法であって、
前記混合工程は、液体を加えて前記混合物をスラリー化する工程であって、前記混合物を加熱する工程の前に、前記スラリーを噴霧乾燥させる工程を有することを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法。 - 請求項15ないし17のいずれかに記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法であって、
前記加熱工程は、熱処理温度が、600℃以上であることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法。 - 請求項15ないし17のいずれかに記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法であって、
前記加熱工程は、熱処理温度が前記コア材粒子の合成温度以下であることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法。 - 請求項1ないし14のいずれかに記載の正極活物質を備えるリチウムイオン二次電池。
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US15/028,333 US20160276664A1 (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2015-02-13 | Positive electrode active material for lithium ion secondary batteries, method for producing same and lithium ion secondary battery |
| JP2016511432A JP6222347B2 (ja) | 2014-03-31 | 2015-02-13 | リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質、その製造方法およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
| KR1020167008542A KR101847003B1 (ko) | 2014-03-31 | 2015-02-13 | 리튬이온 이차전지용 양극 활물질, 그 제조 방법 및 리튬이온 이차전지 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014073699 | 2014-03-31 | ||
| JP2014-073699 | 2014-03-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2015151606A1 true WO2015151606A1 (ja) | 2015-10-08 |
Family
ID=54239944
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2015/053968 Ceased WO2015151606A1 (ja) | 2014-03-31 | 2015-02-13 | リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質、その製造方法およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20160276664A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP6222347B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR101847003B1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2015151606A1 (ja) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017098196A (ja) * | 2015-11-27 | 2017-06-01 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、被覆液の製造方法 |
| WO2017145894A1 (ja) * | 2016-02-24 | 2017-08-31 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 二次電池用電極活物質、固体電解質組成物、全固体二次電池用電極シートおよび全固体二次電池、並びに、二次電池用電極活物質、全固体二次電池用電極シートおよび全固体二次電池の製造方法 |
| JP2018523895A (ja) * | 2015-10-20 | 2018-08-23 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | 多層構造のリチウム金属酸化物を含むリチウム二次電池用正極活物質およびそれを含む正極 |
| JP2018532236A (ja) * | 2015-11-30 | 2018-11-01 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | 二次電池用正極活物質及びこれを含む二次電池 |
| JP2020514970A (ja) * | 2016-12-22 | 2020-05-21 | ポスコPosco | 正極活物質、その製造方法、およびこれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
| CN114072360A (zh) * | 2019-07-03 | 2022-02-18 | 尤米科尔公司 | 作为用于可再充电锂离子电池的正电极活性材料的锂镍锰钴复合氧化物 |
| JP2022184711A (ja) * | 2021-06-01 | 2022-12-13 | 三星エスディアイ株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、その製造方法およびこれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
| JP2023055674A (ja) * | 2021-10-06 | 2023-04-18 | エコプロ ビーエム カンパニー リミテッド | 正極活物質及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102236601B1 (ko) * | 2016-07-22 | 2021-04-07 | 유미코아 | 리튬 금속 복합 산화물 분말 |
| US10707531B1 (en) | 2016-09-27 | 2020-07-07 | New Dominion Enterprises Inc. | All-inorganic solvents for electrolytes |
| US11942632B2 (en) * | 2016-10-06 | 2024-03-26 | Lg Energy Solution, Ltd. | Positive electrode active material particle including core containing lithium cobalt oxide and shell containing composite metal oxide and preparation method thereof |
| KR102771459B1 (ko) * | 2016-11-18 | 2025-02-25 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 복합양극활물질, 이를 채용한 양극과 리튬전지 및 그 제조방법 |
| CN111201648A (zh) * | 2018-02-28 | 2020-05-26 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | 非水电解质二次电池用正极活性物质、非水电解质二次电池和非水电解质二次电池用正极活性物质的制造方法 |
| JP7216817B2 (ja) | 2018-10-24 | 2023-02-01 | ユミコア | 充電式リチウムイオン電池用正極材料の前駆体 |
| KR20220018654A (ko) * | 2020-08-07 | 2022-02-15 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 양극 활물질 및 이의 제조 방법 |
| JP2023544135A (ja) | 2020-12-04 | 2023-10-20 | エコプロ ビーエム カンパニー リミテッド | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、その製造方法、及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
| KR102615312B1 (ko) * | 2020-12-24 | 2023-12-15 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 그 제조방법, 이를 포함하는 양극 및 리튬 이차 전지 |
| KR20220153430A (ko) * | 2021-05-11 | 2022-11-18 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 양극 활물질 및 이의 제조 방법 |
| CN114709417B (zh) * | 2021-12-07 | 2024-01-26 | 北京当升材料科技股份有限公司 | 多元正极材料及其制备方法与应用 |
| KR20230157787A (ko) * | 2022-05-10 | 2023-11-17 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 양극 활물질의 제조방법 |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003257428A (ja) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-09-12 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | 非水系二次電池 |
| JP2004127694A (ja) * | 2002-10-02 | 2004-04-22 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | 非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2006331940A (ja) * | 2005-05-27 | 2006-12-07 | Sony Corp | 正極活物質およびその製造方法、並びに正極および電池 |
| WO2008123011A1 (ja) * | 2007-03-05 | 2008-10-16 | Toda Kogyo Corporation | 非水電解質二次電池用Li-Ni複合酸化物粒子粉末及びその製造方法、並びに非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2009217981A (ja) * | 2008-03-07 | 2009-09-24 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2010262939A (ja) * | 2010-07-20 | 2010-11-18 | Sony Corp | 非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2013157109A (ja) * | 2012-01-27 | 2013-08-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | リチウム二次電池およびその製造方法 |
| JP2013187025A (ja) * | 2012-03-07 | 2013-09-19 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 正極活物質、電気デバイス用正極及び電気デバイス |
| JP2014116296A (ja) * | 2012-11-13 | 2014-06-26 | Jgc Catalysts & Chemicals Ltd | リチウム複合酸化物およびその製造方法、そのリチウム複合酸化物を含む二次電池用正極活物質、それを含む二次電池用正極、ならびにそれを正極として用いるリチウムイオン二次電池 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6680143B2 (en) * | 2000-06-22 | 2004-01-20 | The University Of Chicago | Lithium metal oxide electrodes for lithium cells and batteries |
| JP4062169B2 (ja) * | 2003-05-20 | 2008-03-19 | 株式会社日立製作所 | リチウム二次電池用正極材料 |
| EP1831943B1 (en) * | 2004-12-31 | 2014-12-10 | IUCF-HYU (Industry-University Cooperation Foundation Hanyang University) | Method for preparing double-layer cathode active materials for lithium secondary batteries |
| JP4972624B2 (ja) * | 2008-09-30 | 2012-07-11 | 日立ビークルエナジー株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用正極材料及びそれを用いたリチウム二次電池 |
| KR101185366B1 (ko) * | 2010-01-14 | 2012-09-24 | 주식회사 에코프로 | 회분식 반응기(batch reactor)를 사용하여 농도구배층을 가지는 리튬 이차 전지용 양극활물질 전구체 및 양극활물질을 제조하는 방법 |
| US8911902B2 (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2014-12-16 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Nickel-based positive electrode active material, method of preparing the same, and lithium battery using the nickel-based positive electrode active material |
| US8591774B2 (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2013-11-26 | Uchicago Argonne, Llc | Methods for preparing materials for lithium ion batteries |
| JP6063397B2 (ja) * | 2011-02-18 | 2017-01-18 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 複合粒子、その製造方法、及びそれを含む物品 |
| US8694186B2 (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2014-04-08 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method and system for engine control |
-
2015
- 2015-02-13 JP JP2016511432A patent/JP6222347B2/ja active Active
- 2015-02-13 KR KR1020167008542A patent/KR101847003B1/ko active Active
- 2015-02-13 US US15/028,333 patent/US20160276664A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-02-13 WO PCT/JP2015/053968 patent/WO2015151606A1/ja not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003257428A (ja) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-09-12 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | 非水系二次電池 |
| JP2004127694A (ja) * | 2002-10-02 | 2004-04-22 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | 非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2006331940A (ja) * | 2005-05-27 | 2006-12-07 | Sony Corp | 正極活物質およびその製造方法、並びに正極および電池 |
| WO2008123011A1 (ja) * | 2007-03-05 | 2008-10-16 | Toda Kogyo Corporation | 非水電解質二次電池用Li-Ni複合酸化物粒子粉末及びその製造方法、並びに非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2009217981A (ja) * | 2008-03-07 | 2009-09-24 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2010262939A (ja) * | 2010-07-20 | 2010-11-18 | Sony Corp | 非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2013157109A (ja) * | 2012-01-27 | 2013-08-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | リチウム二次電池およびその製造方法 |
| JP2013187025A (ja) * | 2012-03-07 | 2013-09-19 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 正極活物質、電気デバイス用正極及び電気デバイス |
| JP2014116296A (ja) * | 2012-11-13 | 2014-06-26 | Jgc Catalysts & Chemicals Ltd | リチウム複合酸化物およびその製造方法、そのリチウム複合酸化物を含む二次電池用正極活物質、それを含む二次電池用正極、ならびにそれを正極として用いるリチウムイオン二次電池 |
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2018523895A (ja) * | 2015-10-20 | 2018-08-23 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | 多層構造のリチウム金属酸化物を含むリチウム二次電池用正極活物質およびそれを含む正極 |
| JP2017098196A (ja) * | 2015-11-27 | 2017-06-01 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、被覆液の製造方法 |
| US11581538B2 (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2023-02-14 | Lg Energy Solution, Ltd. | Positive electrode active material for secondary battery, and secondary battery comprising the same |
| US11081694B2 (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2021-08-03 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Positive electrode active material for secondary battery, and secondary battery comprising the same |
| JP2018532236A (ja) * | 2015-11-30 | 2018-11-01 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | 二次電池用正極活物質及びこれを含む二次電池 |
| WO2017145894A1 (ja) * | 2016-02-24 | 2017-08-31 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 二次電池用電極活物質、固体電解質組成物、全固体二次電池用電極シートおよび全固体二次電池、並びに、二次電池用電極活物質、全固体二次電池用電極シートおよび全固体二次電池の製造方法 |
| CN108604676B (zh) * | 2016-02-24 | 2021-04-27 | 富士胶片株式会社 | 二次电池电极活性物质、全固态二次电池及其电极片、三者的制造方法和固体电解质组合物 |
| US11050057B2 (en) | 2016-02-24 | 2021-06-29 | Fujifilm Corporation | Electrode active material for secondary battery, solid electrolyte composition, electrode sheet for all-solid state secondary battery, all-solid state secondary battery and methods for manufacturing electrode active material for secondary battery, electrode sheet for all-solid state secondary battery, and all-solid state secondary battery |
| JPWO2017145894A1 (ja) * | 2016-02-24 | 2018-11-22 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 二次電池用電極活物質、固体電解質組成物、全固体二次電池用電極シートおよび全固体二次電池、並びに、二次電池用電極活物質、全固体二次電池用電極シートおよび全固体二次電池の製造方法 |
| CN108604676A (zh) * | 2016-02-24 | 2018-09-28 | 富士胶片株式会社 | 二次电池用电极活性物质、固体电解质组合物、全固态二次电池用电极片及全固态二次电池以及二次电池用电极活性物质、全固态二次电池用电极片及全固态二次电池的制造方法 |
| JP2020514970A (ja) * | 2016-12-22 | 2020-05-21 | ポスコPosco | 正極活物質、その製造方法、およびこれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
| CN114072360A (zh) * | 2019-07-03 | 2022-02-18 | 尤米科尔公司 | 作为用于可再充电锂离子电池的正电极活性材料的锂镍锰钴复合氧化物 |
| CN114072360B (zh) * | 2019-07-03 | 2023-12-12 | 尤米科尔公司 | 作为用于可再充电锂离子电池的正电极活性材料的锂镍锰钴复合氧化物 |
| JP2022184711A (ja) * | 2021-06-01 | 2022-12-13 | 三星エスディアイ株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、その製造方法およびこれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
| JP7495439B2 (ja) | 2021-06-01 | 2024-06-04 | 三星エスディアイ株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、その製造方法およびこれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
| JP2023055674A (ja) * | 2021-10-06 | 2023-04-18 | エコプロ ビーエム カンパニー リミテッド | 正極活物質及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
| JP7579310B2 (ja) | 2021-10-06 | 2024-11-07 | エコプロ ビーエム カンパニー リミテッド | 正極活物質及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20160050063A (ko) | 2016-05-10 |
| JPWO2015151606A1 (ja) | 2017-04-13 |
| JP6222347B2 (ja) | 2017-11-01 |
| KR101847003B1 (ko) | 2018-04-10 |
| US20160276664A1 (en) | 2016-09-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP6222347B2 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質、その製造方法およびリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
| JP6932168B2 (ja) | リチウム二次電池用ニッケル系活物質前駆体、その製造方法、そこから形成されたリチウム二次電池用ニッケル系活物質、及びそれを含む正極を含んだリチウム二次電池 | |
| KR101775383B1 (ko) | 리튬 이온 이차전지용 양극 활물질, 그 제조 방법 및 리튬 이온 이차전지 | |
| KR101722863B1 (ko) | 비수 전해액 이차 전지 | |
| KR100911798B1 (ko) | 리튬이온 2차전지 및 그 제조법 | |
| JP6589339B2 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質、それを用いたリチウムイオン二次電池用正極及びリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
| JP6217990B2 (ja) | プリドープ剤、正極、並びにリチウムイオン二次電池及びその製造方法 | |
| JP5079247B2 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池およびその製造法 | |
| EP3890071A1 (en) | Cathode active material for lithium secondary battery, and lithium secondary battery comprising same | |
| JP2009224307A (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池及びその製造方法 | |
| JP2014164871A (ja) | 負極活物質、非水電解質二次電池用負極ならびに非水電解質二次電池 | |
| JPWO2017094237A1 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池 | |
| JP2013091581A (ja) | リチウム複合酸化物とその製造方法、及びリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
| US11011751B2 (en) | Positive electrode active material for lithium ion secondary battery, manufacturing method thereof, and lithium ion secondary battery | |
| KR20160081111A (ko) | 복합 양극 활물질, 그 제조방법, 이를 포함하는 양극 및 리튬이차전지 | |
| KR20160059948A (ko) | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 그리고 이를 포함하는 양극 활물질층 및 리튬 이차 전지 | |
| CN106716701A (zh) | 非水电解质二次电池 | |
| CN112313826B (zh) | 非水电解质二次电池 | |
| JP6493408B2 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極及びリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
| JP2008257992A (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質およびその製造方法、並びに非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| JP5997087B2 (ja) | リチウム二次電池用正極材料の製造方法 | |
| JP5910730B2 (ja) | 活物質、およびそれを用いた電極、ならびにリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
| KR101762480B1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질 및 그 제조 방법 | |
| JP4530843B2 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池及びその充電方法 | |
| JP5147891B2 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池及びその充電方法 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 15772934 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20167008542 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 15028333 Country of ref document: US |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2016511432 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase | ||
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 15772934 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |