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WO2014133421A1 - Procédé de transformation de minerai de latérite avec production directe de ferronickel - Google Patents

Procédé de transformation de minerai de latérite avec production directe de ferronickel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014133421A1
WO2014133421A1 PCT/RU2014/000240 RU2014000240W WO2014133421A1 WO 2014133421 A1 WO2014133421 A1 WO 2014133421A1 RU 2014000240 W RU2014000240 W RU 2014000240W WO 2014133421 A1 WO2014133421 A1 WO 2014133421A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ferronickel
ore
mixture
nickel
slag
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/RU2014/000240
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Гусейнгулу Бахлул Оглы САДЫХОВ
Анатолий Иванович КИСЕЛЕВ
Юрий Абрамович ЛАЙНЕР
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OBSCHESTVO S OGRANICHENNOI OTVETSTVENNOSTYU "VI KHOLDING"
Original Assignee
OBSCHESTVO S OGRANICHENNOI OTVETSTVENNOSTYU "VI KHOLDING"
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Priority to PCT/RU2014/000240 priority Critical patent/WO2014133421A1/fr
Priority to EA201500202A priority patent/EA024653B1/ru
Publication of WO2014133421A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014133421A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
    • C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
    • C22B23/023—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes with formation of ferro-nickel or ferro-cobalt
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of non-ferrous metallurgy, in particular, to a method for processing laterite nickel ores with direct production of ferronickel in the form of metal granules.
  • Ferronickel is a valuable and basic raw material for the production of various grades of stainless steel.
  • Laterite nickel ores contain about 70% of the global nickel reserves.
  • the chemical and mineral composition of laterite ores is mainly divided into ferrous (limonite) and magnesian silicate - saprolite.
  • Magnesia silicate ores are efficiently processed by the pyrometallurgical method - by melting a hot charge in ore-thermal electric furnaces after preliminary reduction roasting of the ore in rotary tube furnaces in the temperature range of 750-950 ° ⁇ (Elkem process).
  • the process allows to achieve a high degree of nickel extraction (about 96%), but it is energy-intensive and can be promising in places where there is cheap electricity.
  • the use of electric smelting becomes ineffective due to a decrease in the nickel content in the resulting product (ferronickel).
  • the critical process was developed in the 30s of the 20th century in Germany (called the Krupp-Rennes process) to produce iron from low-quality iron ores.
  • the essence of the process lies in the fact that lateritic nickel ore in a mixture with a solid reducing agent and fluxing additives is subjected to reduction firing in a tubular furnace.
  • the charge, as it moves in the furnace, is continuously heated by heating gases and various physical and chemical processes proceed in it, depending on the heating temperature: moisture evaporates to a temperature of 600 ° C, then iron oxides are reduced in the range of 600-1 100 ° C, at more at high temperatures - 1200-1350 ° C and above, the heated mixture turns into a semi-molten liquid-solid and viscous state.
  • nickel recovery from silicate phases is intensified, as a result of which the reduced metal particles of iron and nickel are welded into circular particles during rotation of the furnace — cores distributed over the entire mass of slag.
  • the metal granules are separated from the slag by screening (or depositing) and magnetic separation.
  • the nickel content in the granules of ferronickel can vary from 4 to 10-12%, and when using high magnesian rich laterite ores, it can reach 20-25%.
  • the composition of the obtained certs mainly depends on the ratio Fe / Ni in the ore, i.e. the smaller the ratio, the higher the nickel content in the trit.
  • clay minerals present in ores consisting mainly of Fe 2 0 3 , Al 2 0 3 and Si0 2 , quickly dry up and dry during calcination in the furnace to form fine dust with a particle size of less than 5 microns.
  • the charge is advanced in a tube furnace, it is delaminated with a thin clay material lowering into the lower layer, and these components, in the presence of CaO in the reducing atmosphere, form low-melting (mp. 950-1000 ° ⁇ ) glassy silicate phases.
  • the temperature on the inner wall of the furnace reaches 1000-1150 ° C, the ferrous silicates melt and adhere to the wall with the formation of nastily.
  • the ore is ground to -0.076 mm (-200 mesh) 80-90%, mixed with additives of 2-5% coal (anthracite); 5-8% coke breeze; 3-5% CaCO3; 1-3% Na 2 C0 3 ; 6-8% clay or humus, the mixture is granulated to obtain pellets with a size of 10-20 mm (pellet moisture 15-18%), the pellets are dried at a temperature of 200-400 ° C for 30-90 minutes, then the dried pellets are fired in a tube furnace in the temperature range of 500-1300 ° C for 6-8 hours. As temperature rises reduction of iron and nickel with their subsequent merger in the form of metal granules.
  • the method uses laterite ores of different composition:
  • the clinker is cooled with water, wet milled to - 0.076 mm (-200 mesh) 80-90%.
  • Large particles (granules) of ferronickel are separated by screening, and small particles of ferronickel from finely divided slag are separated by wet magnetic separation.
  • the nickel content in the granules of ferronickel varies from 6.54 to 9.14% and iron from 91.35 to 86.27%.
  • the degree of nickel extraction from ore reaches 88.63-93.72%.
  • Fine grinding of raw materials and clinker obtained significantly increases the energy costs of the process.
  • the formation of ferronickel by magnetic separation in a large volume of finely dispersed waste slag (the output of this slag will be approximately 80-85% by weight of the processed ore) significantly complicates its utilization and increases the environmental load on the environment.
  • the closest in technical essence is the method of processing high-magnesite laterite (garnierite) ores with direct ferronickel production (advanced Krupp-Rennes process) used at the Oheyama plant of Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co., Japan [Watanabe T., Ono, S., Arai H., Matsumori T. Direct Reduction of Gamierite Ore for Production of Ferro-Nickel with a Rotary Kiln at Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co., Ltd., Oheyama Works. Int. J. Miner. Process., 19, 1987, p, 173-187].
  • the method consists in the following: various high-magnesian lateritic nickel ores are coarsely ground and mixed, bituminous coal, anthracite, coke breeze, about 8% limestone are added to the ore mixture with 17% moisture, then they are ground to -150 ⁇ m (-100 mesh) and averaged in a rod mill, the resulting mixture is briquetted. Briquettes are continuously fed into a grate drying device, where briquettes are dried at a temperature of 300 ° C due to the heat of the exhaust gases.
  • hardened hot briquettes are fed into a rotary kiln, where dehydration (up to 600 ° C), reduction (600-1 100 ° C) and crys tallization (1200-1400 ° C) are carried out sequentially.
  • dehydration up to 600 ° C
  • reduction 600-1 100 ° C
  • crys tallization (1200-1400 ° C) are carried out sequentially.
  • the creep zone in the temperature range of about 1250 ° C, softening of the material begins, with increasing temperature from 1250 to 1400 ° C, as the semi-molten mass moves, nickel from the silicate phases is restored, small particles of reduced iron and nickel are welded and form metal granules, resulting in ferronickel cores are formed.
  • the duration of firing the mixture in a rotary kiln is 7-8 hours or more.
  • the consumption of a reducing agent in the form of bituminous coal, anthracite and coke powder is about 4 times higher than the stoichiometric amount required to restore iron and nickel from ore to a metallic state. It should be noted that under industrial conditions the consumption of solid reducing agent significantly exceeds the stoichiometric amount and depends on the temperature and duration of the firing process. When firing the charge in a rotary kiln, part of the coal present in the charge burns out with flue gases, therefore, the longer the process, the greater the amount of combustible coal.
  • Slag tails are passed through a classifier to separate from the fine fraction (sludge), granular material in the form of sand is sold as a building material for the production of concrete, asphalt, etc.
  • briquetted mixture greatly reduces dust removal from the furnace, significantly reduces the likelihood of ring formation in the temperature range 1000-1 150 ° C, significantly improves the thermal regime of the furnace and the technical and economic parameters of the firing process as a whole. Due to the use of saprolite ores (garnierite) rich in nickel (2.3-2.6% Ni) and low iron content (1 1-15% Fe) for firing, ferronickel with a high nickel content (from 18 to 25%) is obtained.
  • the main disadvantages of this method are the high firing temperature (1400 ° C), a long firing time (7-8 hours), low productivity and high sulfur content (0.44%) in ferronickel. Sulfur is considered an undesirable impurity for stainless steel, which greatly complicates the implementation of ferronickel with a high sulfur content.
  • High temperature and long firing process significantly increases energy costs during firing, significantly reduces the service life of the furnace lining due to the aggressive action of ferrous silicate melt at high temperature.
  • a longer firing time significantly reduces the productivity of the process. The combination of these factors negatively affects the cost of the final product - ferronickel.
  • the processed ore solid residue
  • the mixture with the addition of solid reducing agent and limestone after briquetting is fired to obtain ferronickel granules according to the method described in the known method. It is shown that a decrease in the MgO content in the charge allows to reduce the firing temperature from 1400 to 1300 ° C while ensuring a high degree of nickel extraction in ferronickel.
  • the process proposed to reduce the magnesium content in the ore is quite complex and will significantly increase the cost of the resulting ferronickel.
  • the objective of the invention is to develop a method for processing highly magnesian silicate laterite ores in which the content of MgO and SiO 2 can vary in a wide range (from 15 to 25% MgO and from 30 to 45% and above Si0 2 ), with direct production of ferronickel.
  • the solution to this problem lies in the fact that in the method of processing high-magnesian laterite ores with direct production of ferronickel, including mixing the ore with a solid reducing agent and fluxing additives, briquetting the resulting mixture, reduction firing briquetted charge in tube rotary kilns with formation of ferronickel crits and separation of ferronickel from clinker, when mixing ore with a reducing agent, fluxing additives are introduced into the mixture in the amount of 6-12% CaCO3, preferably 8-10%, 6-12% A1 2 0 3 , preferably 8-10%, 0-10% Si0 2 , preferably 0-7.5%, by weight of the ore, the maximum temperature in the zone of crys tallization is maintained within 1300-1350 ° C, and the content of residual carbon in clinker slag is maintained within 0, 05-0.55%, preferably in the range 0.1-0.4%).
  • various calcium-, aluminum- and silicon-containing materials can be used, for example, limestone, clay, bauxite, aluminosilicates, aluminum-containing slag, silica sand, waste from enrichment and metallurgical production, etc.
  • the main requirement for the composition of these materials is a low content of sulfur and phosphorus and a limited content of magnesium.
  • part of MgO binds to the indicated additives in low-melting silicates, which leads to a decrease in the slag fraction of high-temperature magnesia silicates, especially forsterite (Mg 2 Si 0 4 ) with a melting point of 1890 ° C. Due to this, in the temperature range from 1250 to 1350 ° C, the calcined material passes into a viscous semi-molten state, which greatly facilitates the fusion and coarsening of reduced particles of nickel and iron with the formation of metal granules of ferronickel. The combination of these factors can reduce the total duration of firing briquetted mixture.
  • the consumption of additives Al 2 0 3 is 8-10%.
  • a decrease in the consumption of CaCO3 additives below 6% leads to a decrease in the liquid phase of the slag and leads to an increase in the temperature in the zone of crys tallization, which worsens the performance of the process, and an increase in the consumption of CaCO3 more than 12% leads to an increase in the basicity of the slag, which negatively affects the formation of the ferronickel matrix under the conditions of reducing roasting laterite ores.
  • the CaO additive consumption is 8-10%.
  • an increase in fluxing additives leads to an increase in material flows during firing, resulting in increased energy costs and reduced process performance.
  • the amount of introduced Si0 2 varies from 0 to 10%, preferably 0-7.5%, in such a way as to maintain the basicity and fusibility of the slag at a level that enables operation in a given temperature range.
  • an increase in the temperature in the cryogenic zone from the set value of 1300-1350 ° C is, firstly, not economically profitable, and secondly, it is not considered expedient, since it leads to an increase in slag flow (as in the case of an increase in A1 additives 2 0 3 ), and the slag does not hold large metallic particles of ferronickel in the volume due to their high specific density, these particles quickly settle and separate from the slag. As a result, complete fusion of the small particles of metallic nickel contained in the slag with larger particles is not ensured, which leads to a decrease in the yield of ferronickel. When firing the charge in a rotary kiln, large metal particles, quickly settling, adhere to its wall, which leads to disruption of the furnace and a decrease in the life of the lining.
  • various calcium, aluminum and silicon-containing materials can be used, for example, limestone, clay, bauxite, aluminum-containing slags and wastes, etc., but provided that the mass ratios of active components are within the established limits .
  • the residual carbon content in the slag after completion of the firing of the mixture should vary between 0.05-0.55%, more preferably 0.1-0.4%.
  • a decrease in the residual carbon content in the slag of less than 0.05 can lead to a decrease in the degree of nickel reduction from the silicate phases and, accordingly, to an increase in its loss with slag tails of the magnetic enrichment of crushed clinker.
  • An increase in carbon content of more than 0.55% contributes to an increase in the degree of reduction of iron from slag, which leads to the enrichment of ferronickel granules with iron and depletion of nickel, resulting in a significant decrease in the quality of the resulting final product.
  • the technological properties of critical slag are deteriorating.
  • the permissibility of changing the content of residual carbon over a wide range from 0.05 to 0.55% significantly facilitates the dosage of solid reducing agent during the preparation of the charge, and removes some difficulties when firing the briquetted mixture in rotary kilns.
  • low-sulfur solid reducing agents, bituminous coal and coke (or anthracite) are used to obtain high-quality ferronickel (in terms of sulfur content).
  • the necessary favorable conditions for the formation of metal granules of ferronickel during roasting of high-magnesite laterite ores are provided not due to the presence of a certain amount of sulfur in the charge, as in the prior art methods, but due to the use of complex additives with their ratio within the established limits.
  • anthracite and coke are passive solid reducing agents, their reducing ability is noticeably manifested at temperatures above 1000 ° C. Using them in a certain amount allows you to maintain a reducing atmosphere in a rotary kiln at high temperatures (1200–1300 ° C and above), at which, along with the reduction of nickel from silicate phases, metal particles gradually merge and enlarge with the formation of ferronickel granules .
  • Coke and anthracite are more expensive reducing agents than bituminous coal. Therefore, the use as a reducing agent of a certain amount of bituminous coal also favorably affects the cost of the resulting ferronickel.
  • high-magnesite laterite ores with different iron contents were used.
  • the chemical compositions of these ores are given in table 1.
  • Bituminous coal with an ash content of 7.5% and coke powder with an ash content of 10.6% were used as a carbon-containing solid reducing agent.
  • the content of volatile substances and total sulfur in bituminous coal is 51% and 0.29%, and in coke powder 2% and 0.2%, respectively.
  • Testing of the samples was carried out in a laboratory tube furnace, then the results were checked under experimental industrial conditions. Ore samples, solid reducing agents and fluxing additives were crushed to a particle size of -150 ⁇ m, mixed in certain proportions, tablets (briquettes) were made from the mixture.
  • the material softens with its transition to a semi-molten state, in which, along with the completion of nickel and iron reduction processes, they merge and coagulate with the formation of metal granules of ferronickel.
  • the metal particles were separated from the slag by wet magnetic separation.
  • the content of nickel and iron in the granules of ferronickel was 14.9 and 81.6%, respectively.
  • the degree of nickel extraction from ore was 93.1%, and iron - 75.1%.
  • the content of residual C in the slag is 0.36%.
  • Briquettes from a mixture of ore N ° l with additives of solid reducing agents and fluxing additives 8% CaC0 3 , 8% A1 2 0 3 were fired under the conditions of example 1. However, in this case, the coke consumption was 3% by weight of the ore.
  • the metal granules contained 13.9% Ni and 82.1% Fe.
  • the degree of nickel extraction from ore was 93.8%, and iron - 81.6%.
  • the content of residual C in the slag is 0.55%.
  • the content of nickel and iron in the granules of ferronickel was 20.3 and 75.9%, respectively.
  • the degree of extraction of nickel from ore is 94.2%, and iron is 62.8%.
  • the content of residual C in the slag is 0.34%.
  • Briquettes from a mixture of ore N ° 2 with the addition of solid reducing agents and fluxing additives 10% CaCO 3 and 10% A1 2 0 3 were fired under the conditions of example 4.
  • the coke consumption was 1% by weight of ore.
  • the nickel content in ferronickel reached 21.8%, and the iron content was at the level of 74% with a degree of nickel extraction of 92.6%, and iron - 56.3%.
  • the content of residual C in the slag is 0.13%).
  • briquettes About 600 kg of briquettes were made from a mixture consisting of ore N ° 2, 6% bituminous coal, 10% coke, fluxing limestone and bauxite additives.
  • the mass ratio (CaO + MgO) / (SiO 2 + Al 2 0 3 ) in the briquettes was 0.47.
  • the briquettes were subjected to reduction firing in a 0.75x8 m rotary kiln heated by natural gas.
  • the obtained granules of ferronickel contained 22.4% Ni and 80.9% Fe.
  • the slag content in the form of inclusions in the granules varied within 1.5-2.5%, and the nickel content in the slag was 0.15%.
  • the degree of extraction of nickel from ore reached 95.3%, and iron - 61.4%.
  • the sulfur content in ferronickel is 0.061%.
  • the content of residual C in the slag is 0.36%.
  • the method of processing high magnesian laterite ores with direct production of ferronickel granules, along with a high degree of nickel extraction from ore (91-95%), allows the process to be carried out at lower temperatures (1300-1350 ° C, preferably 1300-1325 ° C) and shorter duration, i.e. with lower energy costs, and at the same time obtain a low-sulfur (0.06% S), high-quality ferronickel product, which is a valuable raw material for the production of a wide range of stainless steel.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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  • Metallurgy (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne le domaine de la métallurgie non ferreuse, et notamment un procédé de transformation de minerai de latérite (de nickel oxydé), avec production directe de ferronickel sous forme de granules métalliques. Le procédé consiste à mélanger le minerai à un réducteur solide et à des additifs de flux, à former le mélange obtenu en briquets, à effectuer le recuit de réduction de la charge du four en briquets dans des fours tunnel rotatifs, avec dégagement de loup de ferronickel et dégagement de ferronickel à partir de clinker broyé. Les additifs de flux sont ajoutés au mélange dans des quantités de 6-12% CaCO3, 6-12% Al2O3, 0-10% SiO2 de la masse du minerai, la température maximal dans la zone de loupage est maintenue entre 1300-1350ºC, et la teneur en carbone résiduel dans les scories de clinker est maintenue au niveau de 0,05-0,55%, de préférence de 0,1-0,4%. On utilise en tant que réducteur solide un mélange de charbon bitumineux et d'anthracite ou de coke. Le procédé permet d'arriver à des niveaux désirés élevés lors des opérations de recuit pour augmenter l'efficacité de la production directe de ferronickel à partir de minerais de silicate à haute teneur en magnésium.
PCT/RU2014/000240 2014-04-02 2014-04-02 Procédé de transformation de minerai de latérite avec production directe de ferronickel Ceased WO2014133421A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/RU2014/000240 WO2014133421A1 (fr) 2014-04-02 2014-04-02 Procédé de transformation de minerai de latérite avec production directe de ferronickel
EA201500202A EA024653B1 (ru) 2014-04-02 2014-04-02 Способ переработки латеритных никелевых руд с прямым получением ферроникеля

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PCT/RU2014/000240 WO2014133421A1 (fr) 2014-04-02 2014-04-02 Procédé de transformation de minerai de latérite avec production directe de ferronickel

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN104694754A (zh) * 2015-03-16 2015-06-10 四川金广实业（集团）股份有限公司 调整矿热炉冶炼红土矿炉渣的方法
WO2016171579A1 (fr) * 2015-04-21 2016-10-27 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Ви Холдинг" Procédé de transformation de minerai de latérite avec production directe de ferronickel
CN106834743A (zh) * 2017-02-20 2017-06-13 宝钢德盛不锈钢有限公司 回转窑一步法还原焙烧红土镍矿生产镍铁颗粒的工艺
WO2017185946A1 (fr) * 2016-04-26 2017-11-02 上海鑫和镍业科技有限公司 Procédé pour traiter du minerai de nickel de latérite de médiocre qualité et procédé de valorisation associé
WO2018101855A1 (fr) * 2017-05-18 2018-06-07 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Ви Холдинг" Procédé de transformation de minerai de latérite pour la production directe de ferronickel
CN109385527A (zh) * 2018-10-17 2019-02-26 福建通海镍业科技有限公司 一种综合回收镍铬合金的方法
CN112063834A (zh) * 2020-03-26 2020-12-11 中南大学 一种不锈钢酸洗污泥返回回转窑-矿热炉工艺利用的方法
CN114015865A (zh) * 2021-11-17 2022-02-08 昆明理工大学 一种利用废旧阴极炭还原红土镍矿的方法
CN115449628A (zh) * 2022-07-29 2022-12-09 中南大学 一种改善高碱金属球团还原粉化的方法及应用
CN115747542A (zh) * 2022-11-02 2023-03-07 中南大学 一种镍吹炼渣还原制备Fe-Ni-Co-Cu高熵合金的方法
CN118979147A (zh) * 2024-08-01 2024-11-19 太原理工大学 一种高铁铝土矿直接还原-电炉熔炼-磁选分离回收铁铝的方法

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Title
TETSUYA WATANABE ET AL.: "Direct reduction of garnierite ore for production of ferro-nickel with a rotary kiln Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co", INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MINERAL PROCESSING, vol. 19, 1987, pages C.173 - 187 *

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104694754A (zh) * 2015-03-16 2015-06-10 四川金广实业（集团）股份有限公司 调整矿热炉冶炼红土矿炉渣的方法
WO2016171579A1 (fr) * 2015-04-21 2016-10-27 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Ви Холдинг" Procédé de transformation de minerai de latérite avec production directe de ferronickel
WO2017185946A1 (fr) * 2016-04-26 2017-11-02 上海鑫和镍业科技有限公司 Procédé pour traiter du minerai de nickel de latérite de médiocre qualité et procédé de valorisation associé
CN106834743A (zh) * 2017-02-20 2017-06-13 宝钢德盛不锈钢有限公司 回转窑一步法还原焙烧红土镍矿生产镍铁颗粒的工艺
WO2018101855A1 (fr) * 2017-05-18 2018-06-07 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Ви Холдинг" Procédé de transformation de minerai de latérite pour la production directe de ferronickel
CN109385527A (zh) * 2018-10-17 2019-02-26 福建通海镍业科技有限公司 一种综合回收镍铬合金的方法
CN112063834A (zh) * 2020-03-26 2020-12-11 中南大学 一种不锈钢酸洗污泥返回回转窑-矿热炉工艺利用的方法
CN114015865A (zh) * 2021-11-17 2022-02-08 昆明理工大学 一种利用废旧阴极炭还原红土镍矿的方法
CN115449628A (zh) * 2022-07-29 2022-12-09 中南大学 一种改善高碱金属球团还原粉化的方法及应用
CN115449628B (zh) * 2022-07-29 2023-06-27 中南大学 一种改善高碱金属球团还原粉化的方法及应用
CN115747542A (zh) * 2022-11-02 2023-03-07 中南大学 一种镍吹炼渣还原制备Fe-Ni-Co-Cu高熵合金的方法
CN115747542B (zh) * 2022-11-02 2023-11-07 中南大学 一种镍吹炼渣还原制备Fe-Ni-Co-Cu高熵合金的方法
CN118979147A (zh) * 2024-08-01 2024-11-19 太原理工大学 一种高铁铝土矿直接还原-电炉熔炼-磁选分离回收铁铝的方法

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