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WO2014189411A1 - Filtre anti-éblouissement commandé (fac) - Google Patents

Filtre anti-éblouissement commandé (fac) Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014189411A1
WO2014189411A1 PCT/RU2014/000353 RU2014000353W WO2014189411A1 WO 2014189411 A1 WO2014189411 A1 WO 2014189411A1 RU 2014000353 W RU2014000353 W RU 2014000353W WO 2014189411 A1 WO2014189411 A1 WO 2014189411A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiation
filter
liquid crystal
external optical
optical radiation
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Ceased
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PCT/RU2014/000353
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Владимир Леонтьевич КРАПИВИН
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Individual
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/286—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising for controlling or changing the state of polarisation, e.g. transforming one polarisation state into another

Definitions

  • the invention relates to blind protection devices and can be used to significantly improve the safety of movement of land, air and other vehicles, due to the complete exclusion of blindness, in particular, drivers with headlights of oncoming and passing vehicles.
  • ACE Adaptive Polarizing Filter
  • the proposed structure will not allow to obtain a large degree of scattering without significant complication of the device.
  • the claimed technical solution in the annex to vehicles is aimed at creating an effective anti-glare filter with minimal loss and adaptive to glare radiation sources.
  • optically transparent dielectric substance - thin optically transparent substrates and sequences of liquid crystal (LC) films, the opposite surfaces of which have systems
  • dielectric substances - thin optically transparent substrates contain orientants, as well as containing a signal processing and control system, including at least one sensor for recording the intensity and directions of arrival of the polarization components of external optical radiation (DFIN) (6) passing through the filter to the receivers of the external optical radiation (4), at least one decision-making processor, at least one position sensor in the space of external optical radiation receivers (9)
  • DFIN external optical radiation
  • liquid crystal films of the filter having an initial orientation in which external optical radiation passes through them unhindered, and located in the zones of passage through the filter to
  • receivers of external optical radiation the intensity of which exceeds the set by the sensor for fixing the intensity and directions of arrival of the polarization components of the external optical
  • corresponding electrode systems are formed by one of the orientations in one, or in part, or in all sequentially
  • UPF controlled anti-glare filter
  • the formation system delivers to the corresponding electrodes of the liquid crystal films control potentials, the values of which can vary significantly.
  • liquid crystal films have been introduced in which the lens systems formed under the action of the control potentials are substantially corresponding to cylindrical lenses are shifted relative to the first by half aperture.
  • the electrode system of one of the surfaces of each liquid crystal film contains arrays of metal rods of nanometer sizes, arranged orderly in orthogonal planes, on which multilayer carbon nanotubes are grown, and their installation density in one plane is much higher than in the orthogonal plane, and so so that when applying to the electrode system the corresponding zones / filter zones of control potentials under the action of multilayer
  • phase profiles are formed in the liquid crystal films / film, the parameters of which substantially correspond to cylindrical lenses scattering radiation of the corresponding polarization
  • the floating threshold installation system that determines the average intensity of radiation reflected from the near-surface zone from the near-field zone at a given time, and settings relative to it, the threshold of the formation system inclusion in the specified filter zones of lens systems, whose parameters are essential correspond to cylindrical lenses, taking into account the adaptive characteristic of the driver’s eyes.
  • the filter is installed at an angle to the transmitted radiation, and contains a light absorber located so that it reflects from the filter surface from the driver’s side
  • the output side contains a reflector of external optical radiation.
  • the outer surfaces have an antireflection coating.
  • Figure 1 shows the scattering by the filter (3) UPF external glare radiation (1) when it exceeds a predetermined threshold.
  • Fig. 3a, b shows the profile of the electric field generated by carbon nanotubes when applied to the filter electrodes
  • Figure 4 presents a drawing showing the location of multilayer nanotubes on optically transparent substrates, for the formation of lens systems whose parameters substantially correspond to cylindrical lenses.
  • lens systems are formed whose parameters substantially correspond to cylindrical lenses scattering the radiation of the corresponding polarization components in the vertical and horizontal planes.
  • Figure 6 shows a fragment of the sequences of LCD films in which, when the control potentials of the filter are applied to the electrodes of the filter, under the influence of electric field profiles formed by the narrow electrode system, cylindrical systems are formed lenses scattering radiation of the corresponding polarization components in the vertical and horizontal planes.
  • Figure 7 shows the installation of the filter, at an angle to the radiation passing through it, to eliminate possible glare from its surface from the driver's side, using a light absorber.
  • the threshold for the glare protection system is set.
  • Figure 9 shows the zone "B" of the receiving matrix (DFIN) (6), which gives information about the level of the floating support - the average intensity of the reflected radiation at a given time, region "A"
  • Figure 10 shows a possible embodiment of the DFIN sensor, in which an optical attenuator is installed in front of the receiving matrix to stabilize the brightness of the radiation reflected from the reference section of the road at a given level.
  • Figure 11 presents a table J 2 I of the ratio of the brightness of the source of the oncoming radiation scattered by the filter and the intrinsic spot
  • the controlled anti-glare filter (UPF) ( Figure 1) contains serially installed optically transparent systems using an optically transparent dielectric substance - thin optically transparent substrates and sequences
  • dielectric substances (11) contain orientants, and also contains a signal processing and control system that includes at least one sensor for recording the intensity and directions of arrival
  • a liquid crystal film scatters the radiation passing through it mainly in the vertical plane and / or within a given angle / angles relative to the vertical plane, and at least one liquid crystal film scatters the radiation passing through it mainly in the horizontal plane and / or within the specified corner / angle relative to the horizontal plane, the formation system provides control potentials, the values of which can vary significantly, and an additional system is introduced,
  • each liquid crystal film contains arrays of metal rods of nanometer sizes, in order
  • the orientant orients the liquid crystal molecules in the same way contains the installation system for the floating threshold, and the installation relative to its threshold for switching on the system for forming lens systems, the filter is installed at an angle to the transmitted radiation, and contains a light an absorber, LCD films are optically matched with an antireflective coating with an optically transparent dielectric substance - thin optically transparent substrates (11), contains a reflector of external optical radiation, contains a sensor for estimating the average intensity of external optical radiation, an analyzer
  • the spectral composition, the filter is made in the form of glasses and contains the case of glasses and an external unit, the outer surfaces of the filter (3) have an antireflection coating, and also contains a system for maintaining the UPF temperature in the working interval.
  • the device operates as follows:
  • the controlled anti-glare filter (UPF) (Fig. L) is fixed in the vehicle (ground, air, etc.), while the filter (3) can be located in an assembled (folded) form so that it can be introduced if necessary before the eyes of the driver of the vehicle, for protection from external optical radiation of high brightness, at a distance of, for example, 200 ... 1000 mm, or mounted on the windshield of the vehicle or combined with the windshield, or made in the form of glasses, as well as a lowering visor on a helmet, e.g. Example, motorcyclist, and in addition, the filter (3) can be applied to passengers of the vehicle.
  • the filter (3) can be applied to passengers of the vehicle.
  • At least one fixation sensor (receiver) for the intensity and directions of arrival of the polarization components of external optical radiation (DFIN) (6) passing through the filter to the external optical radiation receivers (4) is installed on or near the filter holder (3), from a given sector of the front hemisphere, at least one position sensor in the space of the receivers of external optical radiation (9) - the pupils of the eyes of the driver (4), and at least one
  • an irradiator (7) operating in the optical or infrared range, providing the necessary illumination of the pupils of the driver’s eyes to reliably determine their position in space.
  • a signal processing and control system is installed, as well as at least one decision-making processor, and at least one formation system, from the output of which control signals are distributed between the electrode systems (13) of the corresponding liquid crystal films, for local change properties of zones specified by at least one decision-making processor.
  • the position sensors in the space of optical radiation receivers (9) (DPP) - the pupils of the driver’s eyes can be performed using the technology of the Swedish company Tobii Technology, which developed such a system for vehicles in order to improve road safety, which works equally with any driver, regardless age, eye color, whether a person wears glasses or lenses, and in any conditions, from night driving to the bright sun.
  • narrow-band filters can be installed, matched in spectrum with an irradiator / irradiators, which will increase the noise immunity of the system.
  • the irradiators illuminating the radiation receivers (4) can operate continuously, pulsed or have a different kind of modulation, and the beam / rays of the irradiators can scan the sector in which the radiation receivers are located (4), and the sensors
  • the positions of radiation receivers (9) in their work can use, for example, the red-eye effect.
  • the pulse mode to eliminate the influence of external radiation on the operation of the system for determining the coordinates of the pupils of the eyes, the pupils are highlighted through the frame, with the subsequent subtraction of the frames next to each other, and to eliminate reflections from the lenses of the glasses, the irradiator emits one polarization, and the DPS accepts orthogonal.
  • the position sensors in the space of the radiation receivers (9) record the geometric parameters of the radiation receivers (4), for example, the diameter of the pupils of the eyes of the driver, the relative parameters of which can change with the expansion / contraction of the pupils and
  • control device increases or decreases the scattering areas (zones) of the filter (3), which will optimize the information content of the space viewed through the filter.
  • polarization components of optical radiation can be performed using at least one color matrix, divided into two parts, in front of which there are input lenses, an attenuator controlled by a resolving device (RU) ( Figure 10),
  • the optical filter system (3) (FIG. 1) contains serially mounted optically transparent systems (FIG. 5) using an optically transparent dielectric substance — thin optically transparent substrates (11) and sequences of liquid crystal (LC) films (10), the opposite surfaces of which have electrode systems (SE) (13), the location of which on the same surface
  • orthogonal, with optically transparent surfaces dielectric substances contain orientants that specify the initial orientation of the LC molecules, for example, planar, homeotropic or inclined, as well as the orientation of the LC molecules, which they acquire under the influence of an electric field generated when applied to
  • each of the polarizing components of the external optical radiation passes through at least two
  • a controlled anti-glare filter (UPF) for each of the orthogonal polarizing components of the external optical radiation passing through the filter, in sequences
  • liquid crystal films in the corresponding zones of the filter, when external optical radiation exceeds a predetermined threshold at radiation receivers, under the influence of control potentials
  • lens systems are formed that are substantially consistent
  • the formation system provides control potentials, the values of which can significantly zlichatsya that will optimize the degree of scattering of radiation exceeding a predetermined threshold in both vertical and horizontal planes, and set the filter in various
  • motorcyclist will receive effective, controlled scattering of blinding radiation.
  • a system has been introduced that corrects, in the corresponding sequences of liquid crystal films, scattering angles in the horizontal plane, relative to the position of each of the pupils of the driver’s eyes of radiation exceeding a predetermined threshold, taking into account the distance between the radiation receiver and the filter to exclude, if possible (when the glare radiation is not large enough), a part of the scattered glare radiation from the neighboring scattering zone entering the pupil area.
  • the filter may additionally contain similar liquid crystal films for scattering orthogonal polarization components, when the radiation exceeds a predetermined threshold, in which lens systems formed under the action of the control potentials that substantially correspond to cylindrical lenses lenses are shifted relative to the first by half the aperture of Fig.Z.
  • each liquid crystal film contains arrays of metal rods of nanometer sizes, arranged orderly in orthogonal planes on which multilayer carbon nanotubes are grown, and in UPF
  • liquid crystal films / film, lens systems are formed whose parameters substantially correspond to cylindrical lenses scattering radiation of the corresponding polarization
  • Figures 2a, b show fragments of a filter constructed using ordered, vertical arrays of multilayer carbon nanotubes (12), for example, 2 ⁇ m long and 50 nm in diameter, grown on one of the transparent substrates [5], between which
  • Fig.2a homeotropically
  • Fig.2b planar
  • the width of the electrodes can be, for example, 0.5 ... 1.0 mm ., and determined by the minimum resolution of the scattering zones of the filter, the minimum size of which corresponds to the minimum size of the pupil, corrected by an amount depending on the accuracy characteristics of systems that determine the position of pupils in space and sources of glare radiation, as well as -optimal data processing system, and thickness
  • liquid crystal films (10) (Fig. 5a, b) may be 10 microns.
  • Fig. 3 shows the profile of the electric field [5] formed by one multilayer carbon nanotube when control potentials are applied to the filter electrodes, and the location of the LC molecules in this field with the initial homeotropic orientation of the LC molecules.
  • the plane in which the LC molecules are reoriented in the electric field is determined by the orientant deposited on optically transparent substrates, and
  • the orientant orientates the LC molecules when applying control potentials in the orthogonal direction.
  • carbon nanotubes are grown, for example, at a distance of 10 ⁇ m from each other [5], and in the orthogonal plane, for example, at a distance of 1.0 ... 3.0 ⁇ m (Figure 4), which will lead to partial overlap of the profiles of the generated fields, and, as a result, will allow for the supply of control potentials to the corresponding filter electrodes, under the action of the formed profile
  • part of the radiation will also be scattered in the orthogonal plane, for example, for an LCD film scattering glare radiation in a vertical plane, with a step between carbon nanotubes forming a system of cylindrical lenses of 2 ⁇ m, at a distance from the filter 450 mm, radiation scattering in the orthogonal plane, i.e., relative to the pupil of the driver’s eyes, will be ⁇ 32 mm, and with a step of 3 ⁇ m, ⁇ 48 mm, respectively, which will allow sufficient scattering of glare radiation eniya and prevent it in the neighboring pupil or significantly reduce the brightness.
  • cylindrical lens systems may be any suitable cylindrical lens systems.
  • cylindrical lens systems may be any suitable cylindrical lens systems.
  • the polarization component of the radiation exceeding a given threshold is scattered by at least one LCD film in the vertical plane, and at least one LCD film in the horizontal plane, and the degree of scattering is determined by the magnitude of the control potentials, which can vary significantly for each from LCD - films.
  • part of the LCD films is made according to the technology shown in FIG. 5, for example, for scattering radiation in a vertical plane, and the other, according to the technology shown in FIG. 6, for scattering radiation in a horizontal plane.
  • the initial orientation of the large axes of the molecules in the LC films can be set parallel to the incoming radiation, for example, homeotropically or obliquely, or it can be planar.
  • a matching polarization plane rotator is introduced (15) turning the plane of polarization of the radiation passing through it by 90 degrees, to coordinate the second, orthogonal
  • the polarization component of the transmitted radiation with an orientant that orients the molecules of liquid crystals in them the same way and can have the same parameters.
  • control potentials are not applied to the electrodes, in LCD films
  • the sensor / sensors for recording the intensity and directions of arrival of the polarizing components of optical radiation (DFIN) (6) provides signals to at least one decision-making processor containing information about the intensity of the polarizing components of external optical radiation, the spectral composition and direction of their arrival which, in accordance with these data and the data from the sensor / position sensors in the space of the receivers of external optical radiation relative to the filter (DGS) (9), is built in According to their coordinates between them (virtually) a straight line determines the points or zones of the passage of this line through the filter (3), and then through at least one
  • the control device distributes the control signals between the electrode systems (13), using, for example, the multiplex method or the active matrix addressing method using memory cells, so that on the way of the rays of external optical radiation to the radiation receivers - the eyes of the driver (4) of the molecule’s vehicle LCD - film (10) in the corresponding zones of the UPF filter under by the action of an electric field locally modulated by these signals, they change their orientation in space, while systems of narrow electrodes of Fig. 6 form a system of cylindrical lenses in LCD films, or multilayer carbon nanotubes of Fig. 5 act as point electrodes in a common array - a volume profile of the electric is formed fields and profile formation
  • the filter zone data (3) acquire optical anisotropy for one or both polarization components, and, accordingly,
  • the zones or scattering zones into groups to which control signals are addressed, and which are updated, supplemented with new segments (points) or new ones appear zones, as well as exclusion from groups of non-renewable segments or zones, and, in addition, this will significantly reduce the requirements for the conductivity of optically transparent electrodes.
  • it contains a floating threshold installation system that determines the average intensity of radiation reflected from the near surface of the road surface, which is, for example, 10 ... 15 meters from the vehicle, at a given time,
  • the response threshold for the anti-glare system is set, and "B” is the receiving matrix area (DFIN) (6) (Fig. 9), which gives information about the level of the floating support - the average intensity of the reflected radiation at a given time, region "A" of the road surface , for installation relative to its threshold of operation of the anti-glare system, taking into account the adaptive characteristic of the driver’s eyes.
  • DFIN receiving matrix area
  • this area of the matrix receives the radiation of its own headlights reflected from the road surface at dusk, plus external, natural radiation, and in the daytime, mainly external, natural radiation.
  • Figure 10 shows a possible variant of constructing a DFIN sensor, in which an attenuator is installed in front of the receiving matrix, for
  • the attenuator can be made using polaroids, between which a controlled rotator of the plane of polarization is enclosed, while the plane of polarization of the polaroids are mutually orthogonally, to receive the corresponding polarization
  • the components of radiation, and the signal level of the reference zone, for example, for the horizontal polarization component can be used by attenuators of both systems.
  • DFIN ( Figure 10) is made using one color matrix, which is divided into two parts, in front of which there are input lenses, an attenuator controlled by a resolving device (RU),
  • RU resolving device
  • auto iris or can be performed on two matrices, in front of which lenses and an attenuator are similarly mounted.
  • a color matrix is necessary for identifying such signals as, for example, traffic signals, “stop” - signals of vehicles moving in front, etc., for which the filter should be transparent.
  • a separate photodetector As a signal level sensor, received from the reference zone, a separate photodetector can be used.
  • a manual adjustment of the threshold level can be introduced, for example, in wet weather. It is possible to introduce rain sensors to automatically adjust the threshold level, as well as ambient light sensors, and in difficult conditions, the brightness of oncoming radiation sources (headlights) is also analyzed.
  • Ambient light sensors determine the integral brightness of the radiation in a cone with an angle, for example, 120 ... 160 degrees.
  • the filter is installed at an angle to the one passing through it
  • Fig. 7 for example, at an angle of 30 degrees, relative to the vertical, and contains a light absorber located so that it reflects from the filter surface from the driver’s side
  • LCD films (10) are optically matched with an antireflection coating and optically transparent
  • the reflector of external optical radiation from the output side of the UPF filter When installing the reflector of external optical radiation from the output side of the UPF filter, it can be used on the vehicle as anti-glare side mirrors and rear-view mirrors, in which, similarly, under the influence of control potentials on systems
  • lens systems are formed whose parameters substantially correspond to cylindrical lenses (12) with variable focal lengths, scattering transmitted radiation, which is reflected from the output side of the filter, and again passes through filter systems (3) scattering this radiation, and optical radiation of lower intensity, below the threshold passes through filter (3) without changes, is reflected from the reflector (mirror) and passes to at ISRC optical radiation, the eyes of the driver (4).
  • changing the focal length of the systems of cylindrical lenses, by means of control potentials on the electrodes will allow you to adjust the intensity of the radiation passing to the receiver (4).
  • the signal processing and control system can be common for controlling mirror systems and for the filter of Fig. 1, located in front of the eyes of the driver of the vehicle, in the front hemisphere.
  • the beam lowers and illuminates the roadway at a distance of 50 ... 70 meters, while the brightness of the headlights practically remains the same and, accordingly, the brightness of the spot reflected from the roadway does not change significantly, but the brightness of the headlights of an oncoming vehicle, when they switch to the dipped beam, decreases by at least an order of magnitude - the headlight dazzles not with a direct beam, but with diffused light. For this reason, the values of the ratios of brightnesses, sources of oncoming radiation and brightness of the spot of intrinsic radiation reflected from the road, given in the tables, can be reduced by at least an order of magnitude. Additionally contains a sensor for assessing the average intensity of extra optical radiation (1), for example, natural emitters and reflectors (sun, clouds, road, vegetation, etc.), natural illumination in twilight time, which will optimize the work
  • received external optical radiation (1) which can be used to analyze incoming information in order to exclude radiation scattering with useful and necessary information, for example, traffic signals of high brightness or other signals.
  • change the spectral composition of the received radiation contains a filter that corrects its spectrum.
  • a UPF built using this technology can be made thin enough, which will make it possible to build light glasses, as well as a dropping visor on a helmet, for example, a motorcyclist.
  • control unit When applying a filter in the form of glasses, the control unit, the decision-making processor and other nodes can be brought out of the frames design into the external unit, for example, installed
  • the external unit may comprise a control panel for filter operation modes.
  • an antireflection coating for example, Nippon Electric Glass film, which will achieve surface transparency within 99.5%.
  • the UPF filter transmits losslessly polarized and non-polarized radiation to radiation receivers - pupils of the driver’s eyes of the vehicle (4) from any direction within a given viewing sector from the front hemisphere, and / or through the mirrors of the vehicle, if its intensity is lower than the specified threshold and simultaneously scatters polarized and non-polarized radiation independently, from any direction within a given viewing sector, if its intensity exceeds a given threshold, and the degree scattering depends on the brightness of external optical radiation sources.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des dispositifs de protection contre l'éblouissement. Un filtre anti-éblouissement commandé à polarisation comprend des systèmes à substrats transparents et à films à cristaux liquides pourvus de systèmes d'électrodes ainsi qu'un système de traitement de signaux et de commande qui comprend un capteur d'intensité de rayonnement optique extérieur. En cas de dépassement du seuil préétabli par le rayonnement optique, un système de lentilles cylindriques se forme sous l'action des potentiels de commande, et au moins un film à cristaux liquides diffuse le rayonnement traversant dans le plan vertical et/ou dans les limites d'un angle prédéterminé par rapport au plan vertical, et au moins un film à cristaux liquides diffuse le rayonnement traversant dans un plan horizontal et/ou dans dans les limites d'un angle prédéterminé par rapport au plan horizontal. Pour chaque zone commandée du filtre l'importance des potentiels de commande peut être différente.
PCT/RU2014/000353 2013-05-20 2014-05-16 Filtre anti-éblouissement commandé (fac) Ceased WO2014189411A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2013123921 2013-05-20
RU2013123921/28A RU2530172C1 (ru) 2013-05-20 2013-05-20 Управляемый противослепящий фильтр (упф)

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WO2014189411A1 true WO2014189411A1 (fr) 2014-11-27

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PCT/RU2014/000353 Ceased WO2014189411A1 (fr) 2013-05-20 2014-05-16 Filtre anti-éblouissement commandé (fac)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115076653A (zh) * 2022-06-30 2022-09-20 北京灵犀微光科技有限公司 车灯系统

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2607822C1 (ru) * 2016-04-15 2017-01-20 Владимир Леонтьевич Крапивин Управляемый противослепящий рассеивающий фильтр-1 (УПРФ-1)
RU2685555C1 (ru) * 2018-02-01 2019-04-22 Владимир Леонтьевич Крапивин Управляемый противослепящий рассеивающий фильтр (упрф)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030048194A1 (en) * 2001-09-07 2003-03-13 Toshiki Wada Indicator device for vehicle using polarizing film layer
RO119936B1 (ro) * 2001-05-30 2005-06-30 Leontin Preda Oglindă retrovizoare, antireflex
KR20100119691A (ko) * 2009-05-01 2010-11-10 최현환 편광성질을 이용한 전방 차량의 전조등 차단을 위한 장치의 구조 및 동작방식
RU2413256C1 (ru) * 2009-09-07 2011-02-27 Владимир Леонтьевич Крапивин Адаптивный поляризационный фильтр (апф)

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RO119936B1 (ro) * 2001-05-30 2005-06-30 Leontin Preda Oglindă retrovizoare, antireflex
US20030048194A1 (en) * 2001-09-07 2003-03-13 Toshiki Wada Indicator device for vehicle using polarizing film layer
KR20100119691A (ko) * 2009-05-01 2010-11-10 최현환 편광성질을 이용한 전방 차량의 전조등 차단을 위한 장치의 구조 및 동작방식
RU2413256C1 (ru) * 2009-09-07 2011-02-27 Владимир Леонтьевич Крапивин Адаптивный поляризационный фильтр (апф)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115076653A (zh) * 2022-06-30 2022-09-20 北京灵犀微光科技有限公司 车灯系统

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