WO2014087561A1 - Ad変換器、イメージセンサ、およびデジタルカメラ - Google Patents
Ad変換器、イメージセンサ、およびデジタルカメラ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014087561A1 WO2014087561A1 PCT/JP2013/005472 JP2013005472W WO2014087561A1 WO 2014087561 A1 WO2014087561 A1 WO 2014087561A1 JP 2013005472 W JP2013005472 W JP 2013005472W WO 2014087561 A1 WO2014087561 A1 WO 2014087561A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M3/00—Conversion of analogue values to or from differential modulation
- H03M3/30—Delta-sigma modulation
- H03M3/322—Continuously compensating for, or preventing, undesired influence of physical parameters
- H03M3/324—Continuously compensating for, or preventing, undesired influence of physical parameters characterised by means or methods for compensating or preventing more than one type of error at a time, e.g. by synchronisation or using a ratiometric arrangement
- H03M3/35—Continuously compensating for, or preventing, undesired influence of physical parameters characterised by means or methods for compensating or preventing more than one type of error at a time, e.g. by synchronisation or using a ratiometric arrangement using redundancy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M3/00—Conversion of analogue values to or from differential modulation
- H03M3/30—Delta-sigma modulation
- H03M3/322—Continuously compensating for, or preventing, undesired influence of physical parameters
- H03M3/368—Continuously compensating for, or preventing, undesired influence of physical parameters of noise other than the quantisation noise already being shaped inherently by delta-sigma modulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M3/00—Conversion of analogue values to or from differential modulation
- H03M3/30—Delta-sigma modulation
- H03M3/458—Analogue/digital converters using delta-sigma modulation as an intermediate step
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/60—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise
- H04N25/62—Detection or reduction of noise due to excess charges produced by the exposure, e.g. smear, blooming, ghost image, crosstalk or leakage between pixels
- H04N25/625—Detection or reduction of noise due to excess charges produced by the exposure, e.g. smear, blooming, ghost image, crosstalk or leakage between pixels for the control of smear
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/60—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise
- H04N25/62—Detection or reduction of noise due to excess charges produced by the exposure, e.g. smear, blooming, ghost image, crosstalk or leakage between pixels
- H04N25/627—Detection or reduction of inverted contrast or eclipsing effects
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/709—Circuitry for control of the power supply
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/71—Charge-coupled device [CCD] sensors; Charge-transfer registers specially adapted for CCD sensors
- H04N25/75—Circuitry for providing, modifying or processing image signals from the pixel array
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
- H04N25/77—Pixel circuitry, e.g. memories, A/D converters, pixel amplifiers, shared circuits or shared components
- H04N25/772—Pixel circuitry, e.g. memories, A/D converters, pixel amplifiers, shared circuits or shared components comprising A/D, V/T, V/F, I/T or I/F converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
- H04N25/78—Readout circuits for addressed sensors, e.g. output amplifiers or A/D converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M3/00—Conversion of analogue values to or from differential modulation
- H03M3/30—Delta-sigma modulation
- H03M3/39—Structural details of delta-sigma modulators, e.g. incremental delta-sigma modulators
- H03M3/436—Structural details of delta-sigma modulators, e.g. incremental delta-sigma modulators characterised by the order of the loop filter, e.g. error feedback type
- H03M3/438—Structural details of delta-sigma modulators, e.g. incremental delta-sigma modulators characterised by the order of the loop filter, e.g. error feedback type the modulator having a higher order loop filter in the feedforward path
- H03M3/452—Structural details of delta-sigma modulators, e.g. incremental delta-sigma modulators characterised by the order of the loop filter, e.g. error feedback type the modulator having a higher order loop filter in the feedforward path with weighted feedforward summation, i.e. with feedforward paths from more than one filter stage to the quantiser input
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an AD converter, and more particularly to an AD converter mounted on an image sensor.
- Non-Patent Document 1 discloses that a highly accurate and low power consumption image sensor can be realized by using a ⁇ AD converter for an image sensor.
- streaking is a phenomenon in which, for example, when a bright point light source or the like is photographed in the dark, white straight lines rise to the left and right of the point light source on the photographed image.
- streaking is, for example, when a strong light source such as the sun is photographed during the day, and on the photographed image, areas with band-like color changes appear on the left and right of the sun, or the areas on the left and right of the sun are black. It is a phenomenon that sinks.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an AD converter that can suppress the occurrence of streaking as described above.
- An AD converter includes an AD converter circuit that generates a first current that is a consumption current having a dependency on an input voltage, and an output digital value that is output from the AD converter circuit according to the input voltage. And a cancellation current generation circuit that generates a second current that is a consumption current that reduces the dependence of the first current on the input voltage.
- the AD converter of the present invention it is possible to suppress the occurrence of streaking.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the appearance of an image sensor.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of the image sensor of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a reference voltage between the pixel unit and the ADC.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining the input voltage dependence of the consumption current in the ADC.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the column ADC.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating an image in which streaking has occurred.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a switched capacitor integrator.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a basic configuration of the AD converter according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of the AD converter according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of the AD converter according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining current consumption in the AD conversion circuit according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a relationship between input voltage and current consumption in each block shown in FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the input voltage and the waveform of the output digital value.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining current consumption by the 1-bit DA converter when the output digital value is at a high level.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining current consumption by the 1-bit DA converter when the output digital value is at a low level.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the input voltage and the probability that the output digital value is at a high level.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the input voltage and the current consumption by the 1-bit DA converter.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining the cancellation current of the cancellation current generation circuit.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the input voltage and the probability that the output digital value is at a low level.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the input voltage and the cancellation current.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating a simulation result of the input voltage dependency of the current consumption of the AD converter according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 22 is a circuit diagram of an AD converter according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 23 is a block diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of the AD converter according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram for explaining current consumption in the AD converter circuit according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating a simulation result of the input voltage dependency of the current consumption of the AD converter according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 26 is a circuit diagram of an AD converter according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram for explaining current consumption in the AD converter circuit.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram for explaining current consumption by the 1-bit DA converter in the AD conversion circuit according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the input voltage and the probability that the output digital value is at a low level.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram for explaining ⁇ Qc ′ and ⁇ Qd ′.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram for explaining the cancellation current of the cancellation current generating circuit according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 32 is a diagram for explaining the correction code output from the correction code generation circuit.
- FIG. 33 is an example of a circuit diagram of the correction code generation circuit.
- FIG. 34 is a diagram illustrating an output waveform of each component of the correction code generation circuit.
- FIG. 35 is a diagram illustrating a simulation result of the input voltage dependence of the current consumption of the AD converter according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 36 is a diagram showing another example of the cancellation current generating circuit according to the first and second embodiments.
- FIG. 37 is a diagram illustrating another example of the cancellation current generating circuit according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 38 is an external view of a digital camera.
- FIG. 39 is an external view of a portable information terminal.
- streaking may occur in an image taken using an image sensor.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the appearance of an image sensor.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of the image sensor of FIG.
- 1 and 2 includes a pixel unit 102, a row selector 103, a column ADC 104, and a parallel / serial conversion unit 105.
- the parallel / serial conversion unit 105 is provided in the peripheral circuit 106.
- a photoelectric conversion element for example, a photodiode
- a corresponding voltage is output to the row selector 103.
- the row selector 103 outputs an output voltage corresponding to one pixel row of the pixel unit 102 to the column ADC 104.
- the column ADC 104 is composed of a plurality of ADCs, converts the output voltage from analog to digital, and outputs digital data.
- the output digital data is converted by the parallel / serial conversion unit 105 and output to the outside of the image sensor 101.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a reference voltage between the pixel unit 102 and the ADC 107.
- the row selector 103 is omitted.
- each of the pixel unit 102 and the ADC 107 has independent impedances R1 and R2 in the path to the common GND. That is, the pixel unit 102 outputs a voltage based on GND1, and the ADC 107 receives a voltage (input voltage Vin) based on GND2. Therefore, when the consumption current of the ADC 107 (current flowing through R2 in FIG. 3) has a dependency on the input voltage Vin, an error occurs in the output of the ADC according to the input voltage Vin.
- the dependency of the consumption current on the input voltage Vin means that there is some correlation between the magnitude of the input voltage and the magnitude of the consumption current.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining the input voltage dependence of current consumption in the ADC.
- FIG. 4 shows the dependency of the consumption current flowing into the common GND on the input voltage Vin.
- the potential of GND2 has characteristics as shown in FIG. 4B due to the impedance R2. That is, as shown in FIG. 4C, Vin (actual characteristic) is lower than an ideal Vin (ideal characteristic) based on the common GND.
- the voltage output from the photoelectric conversion element is inversely proportional to the lightness of the light input to the photoelectric conversion element. Therefore, the light input to the pixel unit 102 and the digital value output from the ADC 107 have characteristics as shown in FIG. That is, the difference between the actual characteristic and the ideal characteristic increases as the lightness of the light input to the pixel unit 102 is lower (darker).
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the column ADC.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an image in which streaking has occurred.
- the column ADC 104 has a configuration in which a large number of ADCs 107 are connected in parallel, and the plurality of ADCs 107 configuring the column ADC 104 have a common impedance R ⁇ b> 2 on the path to the common GND.
- the image sensor 101 When the image sensor 101 is used to photograph an object having a uniform brightness as a whole but only a specific area, the current consumption flowing from the ADC 107 of the pixel corresponding to the specific area to R2 increases. For this reason, the potential of GND2 rises. As a result, the input voltage Vin of the other ADCs 107 connected in parallel is reduced by the increase in the potential of GND2, and a digital value offset in a direction brighter than the actual is output from these other ADCs 107. . That is, because of some low-luminance pixels, the digital values of other pixels in the same row change.
- the image sensor 101 when the image sensor 101 is used to photograph an object having a uniform brightness but only a specific area as a whole, the current consumption flowing from the ADC 107 of the pixel for the specific area into R2 decreases. For this reason, the electric potential of GND2 falls. As a result, the input voltage Vin of the other ADCs 107 connected in parallel increases as the potential of GND2 increases, and a digital value offset in a darker direction than the actual is output from these other ADCs 107. . That is, because of some high-luminance pixels, the digital values of other pixels in the same row change.
- the dependency of the consumption current on the input voltage Vin in the ADC 107 is due to the switched capacitor technology generally used in the ADC 107.
- ADCs There are various types of ADCs, such as cyclic ADCs, SAR ADCs, and ⁇ modulation ADCs, but the basic element circuit is a switched capacitor circuit.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a switched capacitor integrator, which is an example of a switched capacitor circuit.
- One terminal of the sampling capacitor 121 is virtually grounded by the operational amplifier 123. Therefore, the charge / discharge amount in the sampling capacitor 121 is determined by the potential of the other terminal of the sampling capacitor 121, that is, the voltage input to the input terminal 129.
- the capacitance of the sampling capacitor 121 is Cs [F], and a voltage of Vin [V] is applied to the input terminal 129.
- the switch 124 is short-circuited and the switch 125 is open, the other terminal of the sampling capacitor 121 is set to a voltage of Vin [V]. Therefore, the sampling capacitor 121 is charged with a charge of CsVin [C].
- an AD converter includes an AD converter circuit that generates a first current that is a consumption current having a dependency on an input voltage, and the above-described input voltage according to the input voltage. And a cancellation current generating circuit that generates a second current that is controlled by an output digital value output from the AD conversion circuit and reduces the dependency of the first current on the input voltage.
- the cancellation current generation circuit generates the second current, so that the dependency of the consumption current of the AD conversion circuit on the input voltage can be reduced. Therefore, the occurrence of streaking can be suppressed by using such an AD converter for an image sensor.
- the cancellation current generation circuit generates the second current such that a current obtained by adding the first current and the second current is substantially constant with respect to a change in the magnitude of the input voltage. May be.
- the cancellation current generation circuit may generate the second current that decreases as the input voltage increases.
- the AD conversion circuit may be a ⁇ AD conversion circuit.
- the AD converter circuit subtracts a reference voltage from the input voltage and outputs a first signal; and a first integrator that integrates the first signal and outputs a second signal; A second integrator that integrates the second signal and outputs a third signal; an adder that adds the input voltage, the second signal, and the third signal, and outputs a fourth signal; And a comparator that compares the fourth signal with a predetermined threshold and outputs the output digital value, and a 1-bit DA converter that outputs the reference voltage according to the output digital value.
- the cancellation current generation circuit can be applied to an AD conversion circuit having a configuration as shown in FIG.
- the AD converter circuit subtracts a first reference voltage from the input voltage, integrates the first signal, and outputs a second signal.
- the first subtracter outputs a first signal.
- a first integrator, a second subtractor that subtracts a second reference voltage from the second signal and outputs a third signal, and a second subtracter that integrates the third signal and outputs a fourth signal An integrator for comparing the fourth signal with a predetermined threshold value and outputting the output digital value, and a first 1-bit DA for outputting the first reference voltage according to the output digital value.
- a converter and a second 1-bit DA converter that outputs the second reference voltage according to the output digital value may be provided.
- the cancellation current generation circuit can be applied to an AD conversion circuit having a configuration as shown in FIG.
- the first current is a consumption current flowing into the first power supply
- the cancellation current generation circuit includes an inverting circuit that inverts and outputs the output digital value with the output digital value as an input, and one end A capacitor connected to a second power source, a first switch for controlling electrical connection between an output of the inverting circuit and the other end of the capacitor in response to a first clock signal, and the capacitor A second switch for controlling electrical connection between the other end of the first power source and the first power source according to a second clock signal, and when the first clock signal is at a high level, the second switch The clock signal is at a low level, and when the first clock signal is at a low level, the second clock signal is at a high level, and when the first clock signal is at a high level, the first clock signal is switch When the output of the inverting circuit and the other end of the capacitive element are electrically connected, the second switch is connected to the other end of the capacitive element when the second clock signal is at a high level.
- the first power source may
- the cancellation current generation circuit may have a configuration as shown in FIG.
- the first current is a consumption current flowing into the first power supply
- the cancellation current generation circuit includes a correction code generation circuit that outputs the correction code with the output digital value as an input, and one end of the second current is the second.
- a capacitive element connected to the power source of the power supply, a first switch that controls electrical connection between the output of the correction code generation circuit and the other end of the capacitive element in accordance with a first clock signal, A second switch for controlling electrical connection between the other end and the first power source in accordance with a second clock signal, and the second clock when the first clock signal is at a high level.
- the first clock signal is low level
- the second clock signal is high level
- the first switch signal is low level.
- the second switch When the output of the correction code generation circuit and the other end of the capacitive element are electrically connected, the second switch is configured such that when the second clock signal is at a high level, the second switch In the period in which the other end and the first power source are electrically connected and the output digital value does not change according to the clock cycle of the first clock signal or the second clock signal, the correction code is , And may vary according to the clock cycle.
- the cancellation current generation circuit may have a configuration as shown in FIG.
- an image sensor according to an aspect of the present invention includes the AD converter according to any one of the above aspects.
- a digital camera includes the image sensor.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a basic configuration of the AD converter according to the present embodiment.
- the AD converter 200 includes an AD conversion circuit 201 and a cancellation current generation circuit 202.
- the AD conversion circuit 201 is connected to the first power source 205 and the third power source 203, converts the input voltage Vin into a digital value, and outputs the digital value.
- the AD conversion circuit 201 generates a consumption current Idis (first current) that has a dependency on the input voltage and flows into the first power supply 205.
- the cancellation current generation circuit (correction current generation circuit) 202 is connected to the first power source 205 and the fourth power source 204.
- the cancellation current generation circuit 202 is controlled by the output digital value of the AD conversion circuit 201 and generates a consumption current (correction signal) Icnt (second current) that flows into the first power supply 205.
- the consumption current Idis and the consumption current Icnt have opposite dependencies on the input voltage Vin. Specifically, the consumption current Idis increases as the input voltage Vin increases, whereas the consumption current Icnt decreases as the input voltage Vin increases.
- the current consumption obtained by adding the current consumption Idis and the current consumption Icnt is independent (substantially constant) with respect to the input voltage Vin.
- Embodiment 1 an AD converter 300 using a Fie-Forward (FF) type second-order ⁇ AD conversion circuit as an AD conversion circuit will be described.
- FF Fie-Forward
- FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of the AD converter 300.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of the AD converter 300.
- the AD converter 300 includes an AD conversion circuit 301 and a cancellation current generation circuit 302.
- the AD conversion circuit 301 is an FF type secondary ⁇ AD conversion circuit that operates in synchronization with the clock signal ⁇ 1 and the clock signal ⁇ 2.
- the clock signal ⁇ 1 and the clock signal ⁇ 2 have a complementary relationship. Specifically, the clock signal ⁇ 2 is at a low level during a period in which the clock signal ⁇ 1 is at a high level. During the period when the clock signal ⁇ 1 is at the low level, the clock signal ⁇ 2 is at the high level.
- the AD conversion circuit 301 includes a first integrator 306, a second integrator 307, a comparator 308, a 1-bit DA converter 309, a subtractor 310, and an addition. It comprises a device 311, a first power supply 305, an input terminal 303 and an output terminal 304.
- the AD conversion circuit 301 includes inverting amplifiers N1 to N3, switches S11 to S17, switches S21 to S27, and capacitors C1 to C9.
- the subtractor 310 outputs a signal obtained by subtracting the reference voltage from the input voltage Vin.
- the first integrator 306 integrates the signal output from the subtractor 310.
- the second integrator 307 integrates the signal output from the first integrator 306.
- the adder 311 adds the input voltage Vin, the signal output from the first integrator 306, and the signal output from the second integrator 307.
- the comparator 308 compares the signal added by the adder 311 with a predetermined threshold voltage, and outputs an output digital value Dout. For example, when the signal added by the adder 311 is equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold voltage, the comparator 308 outputs a high-level output digital value Dout, and the signal added by the adder 311 is less than the predetermined threshold voltage. In the case of, the low level output digital value Dout is output.
- the 1-bit DA converter 309 outputs a reference voltage according to the output digital value Dout. Specifically, the 1-bit DA converter 309 outputs the power supply voltage Vdd when the output digital value Dout is high level, and outputs the voltage of the first power supply 305 when the output digital value Dout is low level.
- the switches S11 to S17 are switched on and off according to the clock signal ⁇ 1.
- the switches S21 to S27 are switched on and off according to the clock signal ⁇ 2. For example, these switches are turned on when the supplied clock signal is at a high level and turned off when the clock signal is at a low level.
- switches may be turned on when the supplied clock signal is at a low level.
- the logic of the clock signals ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 may be inverted.
- the second power source 313 is also illustrated, but when the second power source 313 and the first power source 305 are equivalent, the second power source 313 can be omitted. . That is, the subtractor 310 may subtract the input voltage Vin and the output digital value of the 1-bit DA converter 309.
- Non-Patent Document 2 the detailed circuit operation of the AD conversion circuit 301 is disclosed in Non-Patent Document 2, and thus the description thereof is omitted here.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining current consumption in the AD conversion circuit 301.
- the five blocks are a block 351, a block 352, a block 353, a block 354, and a block 355 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between the input voltage Vin and current consumption in each block shown in FIG.
- one end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the first power source 305 via the switch S22, and the other end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the first power source 305 via the switch S25. For this reason, each time the clock signal ⁇ 2 becomes high level, one end and the other end of the capacitor C2 are connected to the first power supply 305.
- the other end of the capacitor C2 is periodically connected to the first power supply 305 and is therefore virtually grounded. Is equivalent to In other words, the other end of the capacitor C2 can be regarded as a DC bias point when viewed on average.
- the consumption current flowing from the capacitor C2 into the first power supply 305 is directly proportional to the input voltage Vin as shown in FIG.
- the circuit in the block 353 includes a clock synchronization type comparator 308 and a digital element associated therewith. Since these circuits perform class C operation, current is consumed only when the output digital value Dout changes from high level to low level or from low level to high level.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the input voltage Vin and the waveform of the output digital value Dout.
- the output digital value Dout is at a high level when the input voltage Vin is maximum, the input voltage Vin is at a low level, and the input voltage Vin is between the maximum value, the maximum value, and the minimum value.
- the ratio between the high level and the low level becomes equal. That is, when the input voltage Vin is the intermediate value, the frequency of transition from the high level to the low level or from the low level to the high level is high, and the current consumption increases.
- the current consumption in the block 353 has an upwardly convex characteristic as shown in FIG.
- the GND can be separated from the GND (first power supply) of other circuits. If the GND is separated, the consumption current in the block 353 does not need to be considered in the cancellation current generation circuit 302.
- the power supply voltage of the AD conversion circuit 301 is Vdd.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining current consumption by the 1-bit DA converter 309 when the output digital value Dout is at a high level.
- the 1-bit DA converter 309 is described by an equivalent circuit including an inverting amplifier 320, a PMOS transistor 321 and an NMOS transistor 322.
- the connection relationship is as shown in FIG. Specifically, the switch S16 is in an off state, the switch S26 is in an on state, the PMOS transistor 321 is in an on state, and the NMOS transistor 322 is in an off state.
- one end of the capacitor C6 is connected to the power supply voltage Vdd by the switch S26, and the other end of the capacitor C6 is virtually grounded by an inverting amplifier N1 (not shown). Therefore, the capacitor C6 is charged by the power supply voltage Vdd.
- the connection relationship shown in FIG. 14B is established. Specifically, the switch S16 is on, the switch S26 is off, the PMOS transistor 321 is on, and the NMOS transistor 322 is off.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining current consumption by the 1-bit DA converter 309 when the output digital value Dout is at a low level. As in FIG. 14, also in FIG. 15, the 1-bit DA converter 309 is described by an equivalent circuit.
- the connection relationship is as shown in FIG. Specifically, the switch S16 is in an off state, the switch S26 is in an on state, the PMOS transistor 321 is in an off state, and the NMOS transistor 322 is in an on state. At this time, the electric charge charged in the capacitor C6 flows into the first power supply 305 via the NMOS transistor 322.
- the connection relationship is as shown in FIG. Specifically, the switch S16 is on, the switch S26 is off, the PMOS transistor 321 is off, and the NMOS transistor 322 is on. At this time, the electric charge charged in the capacitor C6 flows into the first power supply 305 via the switch S16.
- the capacitor C6 when the output digital value Dout is at a low level, one end of the capacitor C6 is always connected to the first power supply 305. That is, when the output digital value Dout is at a low level, the capacitor C6 is not charged, so that no current flows into the first power supply 305.
- the current consumption by the 1-bit DA converter 309 occurs when the output digital value Dout is at a high level.
- the current consumption at this time will be described in more detail.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the relationship between the input voltage Vin and the probability P that the output digital value Dout is at a high level.
- the current consumption I AVSS at this time is represented by CVdd ⁇ P ⁇ f.
- f is the frequency of the clock signal.
- I AVSS CVin ⁇ f [A].
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the relationship between the input voltage Vin and the consumption current I AVSS .
- the consumption current I AVSS by the 1-bit DA converter 309 is directly proportional to the input voltage Vin, similarly to the consumption current in the block 351.
- the current consumption in block 355 will be described.
- One end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the input terminal 303 by the switch S11, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is virtually grounded by the inverting amplifier N1. Therefore, as described in block 351, the capacitor C1 is charged with a charge proportional to the input voltage Vin every time the clock signal ⁇ 1 becomes high level, and the consumption current flowing from the capacitor C1 into the first power supply 305 is: As shown in FIG. 12A, it is directly proportional to the input voltage Vin.
- the cancellation current generation circuit 302 of the AD converter 300 generates a cancellation current (second current) for canceling the dependency of the consumption current (first current) having dependency on the input voltage Vin as described above. .
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining the cancellation current of the cancellation current generation circuit 302.
- the cancellation current of the cancellation current generation circuit 302 may have reverse characteristics to the input voltage Vin as shown in FIG. That is, when the input voltage Vin increases, the consumption current depending on the input voltage Vin of the entire AD converter circuit 301 increases.
- the cancellation current generation circuit 302 may generate a cancellation current that decreases as the input voltage increases.
- the circuit configuration of the cancellation current generation circuit 302 is basically the same as that of the 1-bit DA converter 309, except that the cancellation current generation circuit 302 includes a 1-bit DA converter 312. Is that an inverted signal of the output digital value is input by the inverting amplifier N3. Therefore, the cancellation current by the 1-bit DA converter 312 is generated when the output digital value Dout is at a low level, contrary to the current consumption by the 1-bit DA converter 309.
- the capacitance value of the capacitance C7 included in the cancellation current generation circuit 302 is substantially equal to the sum of the capacitance values of the capacitances C1, C2, and C6.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing the relationship between the input voltage Vin and the probability P ′ that the output digital value Dout is at a low level.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the relationship between the input voltage Vin and the cancellation current.
- the capacitance values of the capacitors C1, C2, and C6 are each C
- the capacitance value of the capacitor C7 included in the cancellation current generation circuit 302 is 3C.
- the cancellation current that flows into the first power supply 305 when the output digital value Dout is at the low level is 3CVdd ⁇ P1 ⁇ f.
- P1 1 ⁇ Vin / Vdd
- the cancellation current is ⁇ 3 CVin ⁇ f + 3 CVdd ⁇ f [A], which is a linear characteristic as shown in FIG.
- the cancellation current generating circuit 302 can generate a cancellation current having the characteristics shown in FIG. 18B, and blocks 351, 352, 354 shown in FIG.
- the dependency of the current consumption of 355 on the input voltage Vin can be reduced.
- the current consumption of the AD converter 300 is theoretically invariable with respect to the input voltage Vin.
- the switch S17 is switched on and off according to the clock signal ⁇ 1 and the switch S27 is switched on and off according to the clock signal ⁇ 2, but the switch S17 is switched on according to the clock signal ⁇ 2. And the switch S27 may be switched on and off according to the clock signal ⁇ 1.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating a simulation result of the input voltage dependence of the current consumption of the AD converter 300.
- Each graph shown in FIG. 21 shows a relative current based on the consumption current when the input voltage is 1.0 [V].
- Graph 361 shows current consumption in block 351
- graph 364 shows current consumption in block 354
- graph 365 shows current consumption in block 355.
- Graph 371 shows the total current consumption of blocks 351, 354, and 355, and graph 372 shows the cancellation current generated by cancellation current generation circuit 302.
- Graph 370 shows the current consumption of AD converter 300, that is, the current consumption obtained by summing the current consumption and cancellation current in blocks 351, 354, and 355.
- the absolute value of the relative error is 5.26 [ ⁇ A] at the maximum when the input voltage is 0.2 [V].
- the absolute value of the relative error is, as shown in the graph 370, an input voltage of 0.5 [V].
- the maximum is 0.11 [ ⁇ A]. That is, the relative error is greatly improved to 1/47 or less.
- the capacitance value of the capacitor C7 has been described as 3C.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the capacitance value of the capacitor C7 may be 3C or more.
- the AD converter 300 using the Fie-Forward (FF) type second-order ⁇ AD conversion circuit as the AD conversion circuit has been described.
- the AD conversion circuit to which the present invention can be applied is an FF-type second-order ⁇ AD. It is not limited to the conversion circuit.
- an AD converter 400 using a feedback (FB) type second-order ⁇ AD conversion circuit will be described as another example.
- FIG. 22 is a circuit diagram of the AD converter 400.
- FIG. 23 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of the AD converter 400.
- the AD converter 400 includes an AD conversion circuit 401 and a cancellation current generation circuit 402.
- the AD conversion circuit 401 is an FB type secondary ⁇ AD conversion circuit that operates in synchronization with the clock signal ⁇ 1 and the clock signal ⁇ 2. As in the first embodiment, the clock signal ⁇ 1 and the clock signal ⁇ 2 have a complementary relationship.
- the AD conversion circuit 401 includes a first integrator 406, a second integrator 407, a comparator 408, 1-bit DA converters 409 and 415, subtractors 410 and 417, a first power source 405, an input A terminal 403 and an output terminal 404 are included.
- the AD conversion circuit 401 includes inverting amplifiers N4 to N6, switches S31 to S37, switches S41 and S43 to S47, and capacitors C1 to C8.
- the subtractor 410 outputs a signal obtained by subtracting the signal output from the 1-bit DA converter 415 from the input voltage Vin.
- 1st integrator 406 outputs the signal which integrated the signal which subtractor 410 outputs.
- the subtractor 414 outputs a signal obtained by subtracting the signal output from the 1-bit DA converter 409 from the signal output from the first integrator 406.
- the second integrator 407 outputs a signal obtained by integrating the signal output from the subtractor 414.
- the comparator 408 compares the signal integrated by the second integrator 407 with a predetermined threshold voltage and outputs an output digital value Dout.
- 1-bit DA converters 409 and 410 output a reference voltage according to the output digital value Dout.
- the switches S31 to S37 are switched on and off according to the clock signal ⁇ 1.
- the switches S41 and S43 to S47 are switched on and off according to the clock signal ⁇ 2. For example, these switches are turned on when the supplied clock signal is at a high level and turned off when the clock signal is at a low level, but may be turned on when the clock signal is at a low level and turned off when the clock signal is at a high level.
- the second power source 413 is also illustrated, but when the second power source 413 and the first power source 405 are equivalent, the second power source 413 can be omitted. . That is, the subtractor 410 may subtract the input voltage Vin from the output of the 1-bit DA converter 415.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram for explaining current consumption in the AD conversion circuit 401.
- the five blocks are a block 451, a block 452, a block 453, a block 454, and a block 455 shown in FIG.
- the current consumption in the block 452 is independent of the input voltage Vin as shown in FIG. 12B, similarly to the current consumption in the block 352 of the first embodiment.
- the current consumption in the block 453 has an upwardly convex characteristic as shown in FIG.
- the circuit in the block 453 is a circuit composed of digital elements, if the GND is separated from the GND (first power supply) of another circuit, the consumption current in the block 453 is canceled out. There is no need to consider in circuit 402.
- the current consumption in the block 451 and the block 454 is directly proportional to the input voltage Vin as shown in FIG. 12A, similarly to the current consumption in the block 354 of the first embodiment.
- the current consumption in the block 455 is directly proportional to the input voltage Vin as shown in (a) of FIG. 12, like the current consumption in the block 355 of the first embodiment.
- the circuit configuration of the cancellation current generation circuit 402 is the same as that of the cancellation current generation circuit 302 described in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG.
- Cancellation current generation circuit 402 differs from cancellation current generation circuit 302 in that the capacitance value of capacitor C17 is the sum of the capacitance values of capacitors C11, C15, and C16.
- the capacitance value of the capacitor C11 is C
- the capacitance value of C15 is 2C
- the capacitance value of C16 is C
- the capacitance value of the capacitor C17 is 4C.
- the cancellation current generation circuit 402 the dependency of the consumption current of the AD conversion circuit 401 on the input voltage Vin can be reduced.
- the current consumption of the AD converter 400 theoretically has an invariable characteristic with respect to the input voltage Vin as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing a simulation result of the input voltage dependency of the current consumption of the AD converter 400.
- Each graph shown in FIG. 25 shows a relative current based on the consumption current when the input voltage is 1.0 [V].
- Graph 461 shows current consumption in block 451
- graph 464 shows current consumption in block 454
- graph 465 shows current consumption in block 455.
- Graph 471 shows the total consumption current of blocks 451, 454 and 455, and graph 472 shows the cancellation current generated by cancellation current generation circuit 402.
- Graph 470 shows the current consumption of AD converter 300, that is, the current consumption obtained by summing the current consumption and cancellation current in blocks 451, 454, and 455.
- the absolute value of the relative error is 5.39 [ ⁇ A] at the maximum when the input voltage is 0.2 [V].
- the absolute value of the relative error is an input voltage of 0.6 [V] as shown in the graph 470.
- the maximum is 0.35 [ ⁇ A]. That is, the relative error is improved to 1/15 or less.
- the capacitance value of the capacitor C17 has been described as 4C.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the capacitance C17 is the same C as the capacitance values of the capacitance C11 and the capacitance C16, or when the capacitance C2 is the same as the capacitance value of C15, even if the capacitance value is 4C or less, there is a certain amount of cancellation effect. Played.
- the capacitance value of the capacitor C17 may be 4C or more.
- an AD converter 500 using an FF type second-order ⁇ AD conversion circuit different from that in the first embodiment will be described as an AD conversion circuit.
- FIG. 26 is a circuit diagram of the AD converter 500.
- the AD converter 500 includes an AD conversion circuit 501 and a cancellation current generation circuit 502.
- the AD converter circuit 501 shown in FIG. 26 and the AD converter circuit 301 shown in FIG. 9 are different from each other in that the capacitor C1 is an input capacitor of the first integrator 306 and a 1-bit DA converter. This is a capacity for sampling the output of 309. That is, the capacitor C1 is shared by the above two applications. Another difference is that an offset circuit 503 for subtracting the voltage of the second power supply 313 from the input voltage Vin is added. Note that the capacitance values of the capacitors C1, C2, and C6 shown in FIG. 26 are C [F].
- FIG. 27 is a diagram for explaining current consumption in the AD conversion circuit 501.
- the current consumption in the block 351, the block 352, and the block 353 is the same as the current consumption described in the first embodiment. Therefore, the description is omitted.
- the current consumption by the offset circuit 503 does not depend on the input voltage Vin. This is because in the offset circuit 503, the charge charged in the capacitor C6 by the second power supply 313 flows into the first power supply 305 via the switch S18.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram for explaining current consumption by the 1-bit DA converter 309 in the AD conversion circuit 501.
- the NMOS transistor 322 which is the only current path to the first power supply 305, is turned off. No current flows to
- the NMOS transistor 322 when the output digital value Dout is at a low level, the NMOS transistor 322 is turned on, so that a current path to the first power supply 305 is generated. That is, in the block 554, the current that flows into the first power supply 305 when the switch S29 is switched from OFF to ON may be considered as the current consumption.
- one end of the capacitor C1 is virtually grounded by the inverting amplifier N1 of the first integrator 306.
- the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the input terminal 303 via the switch S11. Therefore, the charge of C ⁇ Vin [C] charged in the capacitor C1 by the input voltage Vin when the clock signal ⁇ 1 is high level flows into the first power supply 305 when the clock signal ⁇ 1 becomes low level.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram illustrating the probability that the output digital value of the 1-bit DA converter 309 in the AD conversion circuit 501 is at a low level. Note that the horizontal axis of FIG. 29 is input voltage Vin ⁇ power supply voltage Vdd.
- the probability P2 that the output digital value is at a low level is as shown in FIG. 29 since the voltage obtained by subtracting the power supply voltage Vdd of the second power supply 313 by the offset circuit 503 from the input voltage Vin is integrated by the integrator.
- f is the frequency of the clock signal.
- I AVSS is represented by two types of charges ⁇ Qc ′ and ⁇ Qd ′.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram for explaining ⁇ Qc ′ and ⁇ Qd ′.
- the horizontal axis represents the input voltage Vin ⁇ the power supply voltage Vdd.
- ⁇ Qc ′ ⁇ C ⁇ (Vin ⁇ Vdd) + C ⁇ Vdd
- the characteristic is as shown by the solid line in FIG.
- ⁇ Qc C ⁇ Vin. Therefore, ⁇ Qc has a characteristic in which the slope is just opposite to that of ⁇ Qc ′, as shown by the broken line in FIG. 30A, and the input voltage dependence of ⁇ Qc is canceled by ⁇ Qc ′.
- ⁇ Qd ′ ⁇ C ⁇ (Vin ⁇ Vdd) (Vin ⁇ 2Vdd) / Vdd, it is represented by a quadratic curve as shown in FIG. Vdd / 4 [C].
- the characteristic of the consumption current depending on the input voltage Vin becomes the characteristic as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram for explaining the canceling current of the canceling current generation circuit 502.
- the cancellation current generation circuit 502 generates a cancellation current as shown in FIG. 31B, and the dependency of the consumption current of the AD converter 500 on the input voltage Vin as shown in FIG. 31C. Reduce sexuality.
- the cancellation current generation circuit 502 includes a correction code generation circuit 504, a 1-bit DA converter 312 and a capacitor C10.
- the correction code generation circuit 504 generates a correction code and outputs the correction code to the 1-bit DA converter 312 to generate a cancellation current having a characteristic as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 32 is a diagram for explaining the correction code output from the correction code generation circuit 504.
- the correction code generation circuit 504 When the output digital value Dout takes a value as shown in FIG. 32A, the correction code generation circuit 504 generates a correction code as shown in FIG. 32B, and sends it to the 1-bit DA converter 312. Just output. In other words, the correction code generation circuit 504 may generate a correction code that changes only in a period in which the output digital value Dout does not change.
- the combined signal is a signal that does not depend on the output digital value Dout, as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 33 is an example of a circuit diagram of the correction code generation circuit 504.
- the correction code generation circuit 504 includes two DFF circuits 505 and 506, an XNOR circuit 507, and an AND circuit 508.
- FIG. 34 is a diagram showing an output waveform of each component of the correction code generation circuit 504.
- the correction code generation circuit 504 can generate a correction code that changes only in a period in which the output digital value Dout does not change. As shown in FIG. 34, the correction code is output at a timing shifted from the output digital value Dout by a half cycle of the clock signal, but this shift is not a problem.
- FIG. 35 is a diagram showing a simulation result of the input voltage dependence of the current consumption of the AD converter 500.
- Each graph shown in FIG. 35 shows a relative current based on power consumption when the power supply voltage Vdd is 1.2 [V] and the input voltage Vin is 2.2 [V].
- Graph 561 shows current consumption in block 351, and graph 564 shows current consumption in block 554.
- Graph 571 shows the total current consumption in blocks 351, 352, 353, 554, and 555
- graph 572 shows the cancellation current generated by cancellation current generation circuit 502.
- Graph 570 shows the current consumption of AD converter 500, that is, the current consumption obtained by summing the current consumption and cancellation current in blocks 351, 352, 353, 554, and 555.
- the absolute value of the relative error is a maximum of 0.49 [ ⁇ A] when the input voltage is 1.7 [V].
- the absolute value of the relative error is an input voltage of 1.8 [V] as shown in the graph 570.
- the maximum is 0.15 [ ⁇ A].
- the cancellation current generation circuit 502 described in the third embodiment is applied to the FF type ⁇ type AD converter circuit, but a circuit configured based on the same concept may be an FB type ⁇ type AD converter circuit or the like. It can also be applied to other AD conversion circuits.
- cancellation current generation circuits 302 and 402 described in the first and second embodiments may be configured as shown in FIG.
- the switch S61 that controls the electrical connection between the capacitor C7 having one end connected to the fifth power source 509 and the output of the inverting amplifier N7 and the other end of the capacitor C7 according to the clock signal ⁇ 2 ( ⁇ 1).
- a switch S51 that controls electrical connection between the other end of the capacitor C7 and the first power supply 305 in accordance with the clock signal ⁇ 1 ( ⁇ 2).
- the capacitance value of the capacitor C7 is appropriately set to a value that cancels the consumption current of the AD conversion circuit.
- cancellation current generation circuit 502 described in the third embodiment may have a configuration as shown in FIG.
- the switch S62 may include a switch S52 that controls electrical connection between the other end of the capacitor C10 and the first power supply 305 in accordance with the clock signal ⁇ 1 ( ⁇ 2).
- the capacitance value of the capacitor C10 is appropriately set to a value that cancels the consumption current of the AD conversion circuit.
- the AD converter described in this embodiment is specifically applied to an image sensor as shown in FIG.
- a high-quality image sensor with less streaking can be realized.
- the image sensor to which the AD converter according to this embodiment is applied can be applied to a digital camera as shown in FIG.
- the digital camera includes a processor and can be configured by a lens unit, a CMOS image sensor, the AD converter described in this embodiment, a memory, and a display, which are controlled by the processor.
- AD converter according to the present embodiment may be used for other devices.
- a portable information terminal 610 represented by a smartphone and a tablet terminal has a CMOS image sensor mounted on the camera 600 portion. Therefore, the image sensor to which the AD converter according to this embodiment is applied may be applied to portable information terminal 610.
- the secondary ⁇ AD conversion circuit is described as an example of the AD conversion circuit.
- the AD conversion circuit may be a primary or tertiary ⁇ AD conversion circuit.
- the AD conversion circuit may be an AD conversion circuit of a circuit format other than the ⁇ AD conversion circuit.
- the AD conversion circuit may be a cyclic AD conversion circuit.
- this invention is not limited to these embodiment or its modification. Unless it deviates from the gist of the present invention, various modifications conceived by those skilled in the art are applied to the present embodiment or the modification thereof, or a form constructed by combining different embodiments or components in the modification. It is included within the scope of the present invention.
- the AD converter according to the present invention has low dependency on the input voltage of current consumption, a high-quality image sensor that suppresses the streaking phenomenon is realized by being applied to the image sensor. Also, by applying this image sensor to a digital camera, it is possible to improve the image quality of the digital camera.
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Abstract
Description
上述のように、イメージセンサを用いて撮影した画像にストリーキングと呼ばれる現象が生じることがある。
図8は、本実施の形態に係るAD変換器の基本構成を示すブロック図である。
実施の形態1では、AD変換回路として、フィーフォフォワード(FF)型2次ΔΣAD変換回路を用いたAD変換器300について説明したが、本発明を適用できるAD変換回路は、FF型2次ΔΣAD変換回路に限定されない。以下、別の例としてフィードバック(FB)型2次ΔΣAD変換回路を用いたAD変換器400について説明する。
実施の形態3では、AD変換回路として、実施の形態1とは異なるFF型2次ΔΣAD変換回路を用いたAD変換器500について説明する。
以上、実施の形態に係るAD変換器について、説明したが、本発明は、これら実施の形態に限定されるものではない。以下のような場合も本発明に含まれる。
102 画素部
103 行セレクタ
104 カラムADC
105 パラレル・シリアル変換部
106 周辺回路
107 ADC
110、111 画像
121 サンプリング容量
122 容量
123 演算増幅器
124、125、126、127 スイッチ
128 負端子
129、303、403 入力端子
130、304、404 出力端子
200、300、400、500 AD変換器
201、301、401、501 AD変換回路
202、302、402、502 打ち消し電流生成回路
203 第3の電源
204 第4の電源
205、305、405 第1の電源
306、406 第1の積分器
307、407 第2の積分器
308、408 比較器
309、312、409、412、415 1bitDA変換器
310、410、414 減算器
311 加算器
313、413 第2の電源
320 反転アンプ
321 PMOSトランジスタ
322 NMOSトランジスタ
351~355、451~455 ブロック
361、364、365、370~372、461、464、465、470~472、561、564、570~572 グラフ
503 オフセット回路
504 補正コード生成回路
505、506 DFF回路
507 XNOR回路
508 AND回路
509 第5の電源
600 カメラ
610 携帯情報端末
Claims (10)
- 入力電圧に対する依存性をもつ消費電流である第1電流を生じるAD変換回路と、
前記入力電圧に応じて前記AD変換回路から出力される出力デジタル値によって制御され、前記第1電流の前記入力電圧に対する依存性を低減する消費電流である第2電流を生成する打ち消し電流生成回路とを備える
AD変換器。 - 前記打ち消し電流生成回路は、前記第1電流と前記第2電流とを加算した電流が前記入力電圧の大きさの変化に対して略一定となるような前記第2電流を生成する
請求項1に記載のAD変換器。 - 前記第1電流が、前記入力電圧が大きいほど大きくなる場合、前記打ち消し電流生成回路は、前記入力電圧が大きいほど小さくなる前記第2電流を生成する
請求項1に記載のAD変換器。 - 前記AD変換回路は、ΔΣAD変換回路である
請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のAD変換器。 - 前記AD変換回路は、
前記入力電圧から基準電圧を減算し、第1信号を出力する減算器と、
前記第1信号を積分し、第2信号を出力する第1の積分器と、
前記第2信号を積分し、第3信号を出力する第2の積分器と、
前記入力電圧と、前記第2信号と、前記第3信号とを加算し、第4信号を出力する加算器と、
前記第4信号と、所定の閾値とを比較して前記出力デジタル値を出力する比較器と、
前記出力デジタル値に応じて前記基準電圧を出力する1bitDA変換器とを備える
請求項4に記載のAD変換器。 - 前記AD変換回路は、
前記入力電圧から第1の基準電圧を減算し、第1信号を出力する第1の減算器と、
前記第1信号を積分し、第2信号を出力する第1の積分器と、
前記第2信号から第2の基準電圧を減算し、第3信号を出力する第2の減算器と、
前記第3信号を積分し、第4信号を出力する第2の積分器と、
前記第4信号と、所定の閾値とを比較して前記出力デジタル値を出力する比較器と、
前記出力デジタル値に応じて前記第1の基準電圧を出力する第1の1bitDA変換器と、
前記出力デジタル値に応じて前記第2の基準電圧を出力する第2の1bitDA変換器とを備える
請求項4に記載のAD変換器。 - 前記第1電流は、第1の電源に流れ込む消費電流であり、
前記打ち消し電流生成回路は、
前記出力デジタル値を入力として当該出力デジタル値を反転させて出力する反転回路と、
一端が第2の電源に接続された容量素子と、
前記反転回路の出力と前記容量素子の他端との電気的接続を第1のクロック信号に応じて制御する第1のスイッチと、
前記容量素子の前記他端と前記第1の電源との電気的接続を第2のクロック信号に応じて制御する第2のスイッチとを備え、
前記第1のクロック信号がハイレベルのとき、前記第2のクロック信号は、ローレベルであり、前記第1のクロック信号がローレベルのとき、前記第2のクロック信号は、ハイレベルであり、
前記第1のクロック信号がハイレベルのときに前記第1のスイッチが前記反転回路の出力と前記容量素子の前記他端とを電気的に接続する場合、前記第2のスイッチは、前記第2のクロック信号がハイレベルのときに、前記容量素子の前記他端と前記第1の電源とを電気的に接続する
請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のAD変換器。 - 前記第1電流は、第1の電源に流れ込む消費電流であり、
前記打ち消し電流生成回路は、
前記出力デジタル値を入力として補正コードを出力する補正コード生成回路と、
一端が第2の電源に接続された容量素子と、
前記補正コード生成回路の出力と前記容量素子の他端との電気的接続を第1のクロック信号に応じて制御する第1のスイッチと、
前記容量素子の前記他端と前記第1の電源との電気的接続を第2のクロック信号に応じて制御する第2のスイッチとを備え、
前記第1のクロック信号がハイレベルのとき、前記第2のクロック信号は、ローレベルであり、前記第1のクロック信号がローレベルのとき、前記第2のクロック信号は、ハイレベルであり、
前記第1のクロック信号がハイレベルのときに前記第1のスイッチが前記補正コード生成回路の出力と前記容量素子の前記他端とを電気的に接続する場合、前記第2のスイッチは、前記第2のクロック信号がハイレベルのときに、前記容量素子の前記他端と前記第1の電源とを電気的に接続し、
前記出力デジタル値が、前記第1のクロック信号または前記第2のクロック信号のクロック周期に応じて変化しない期間において、前記補正コードは、前記クロック周期に応じて変化する
請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のAD変換器。 - 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のAD変換器を備える
イメージセンサ。 - 請求項9に記載のイメージセンサを備える
デジタルカメラ。
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014550890A JP6168064B2 (ja) | 2012-12-06 | 2013-09-17 | Ad変換器、イメージセンサ、およびデジタルカメラ |
| US14/431,314 US9258503B2 (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2013-09-17 | A/D converter, image sensor, and digital camera |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012267368 | 2012-12-06 | ||
| JP2012-267368 | 2012-12-06 |
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| PCT/JP2013/005472 Ceased WO2014087561A1 (ja) | 2012-12-06 | 2013-09-17 | Ad変換器、イメージセンサ、およびデジタルカメラ |
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| US (1) | US9258503B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP6168064B2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2014087561A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2018163679A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-08 | 2018-09-13 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | アナログ-デジタル変換器、固体撮像素子、及び、電子機器 |
| JP2021013151A (ja) * | 2019-07-04 | 2021-02-04 | 創意電子股▲ふん▼有限公司 | デジタル・アナログ変換装置と補償回路 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US9380208B1 (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2016-06-28 | Omnivision Technologies, Inc. | Image sensor power supply rejection ratio noise reduction through ramp generator |
| US9712774B1 (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2017-07-18 | Omnivision Technologies, Inc. | Method and system for implementing dynamic ground sharing in an image sensor with pipeline architecture |
| CN110168937B (zh) * | 2017-01-17 | 2023-07-18 | 索尼半导体解决方案公司 | 模拟数字转换器、固态图像传感装置和电子系统 |
| JP6880905B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-28 | 2021-06-02 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 回路装置、物理量測定装置、電子機器及び移動体 |
| CN108600579B (zh) * | 2018-05-16 | 2020-03-20 | 上海集成电路研发中心有限公司 | 一种应用于cis的运动检测电路及运动检测方法 |
| CN114866708B (zh) * | 2021-02-04 | 2025-06-27 | 佳能株式会社 | 光电转换装置、a/d转换器和装备 |
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- 2013-09-17 US US14/431,314 patent/US9258503B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-09-17 WO PCT/JP2013/005472 patent/WO2014087561A1/ja not_active Ceased
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| JP2008219263A (ja) * | 2007-03-01 | 2008-09-18 | Rohm Co Ltd | デジタルアナログ変換回路 |
| JP2011193104A (ja) * | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-29 | Fujitsu Semiconductor Ltd | 半導体装置 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2018163679A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-08 | 2018-09-13 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | アナログ-デジタル変換器、固体撮像素子、及び、電子機器 |
| CN110383694A (zh) * | 2017-03-08 | 2019-10-25 | 索尼半导体解决方案公司 | 模拟数字转换器、固态成像元件和电子设备 |
| JPWO2018163679A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-08 | 2020-01-16 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | アナログ−デジタル変換器、固体撮像素子、及び、電子機器 |
| US10965301B2 (en) | 2017-03-08 | 2021-03-30 | Sony Semiconductor Solutions Corporation | Analog-digital converter, solid-state imaging element, and electronic equipment |
| JP7125384B2 (ja) | 2017-03-08 | 2022-08-24 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | アナログ-デジタル変換器、固体撮像素子、及び、電子機器 |
| CN110383694B (zh) * | 2017-03-08 | 2023-09-19 | 索尼半导体解决方案公司 | 模拟数字转换器、固态成像元件和电子设备 |
| JP2021013151A (ja) * | 2019-07-04 | 2021-02-04 | 創意電子股▲ふん▼有限公司 | デジタル・アナログ変換装置と補償回路 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2014087561A1 (ja) | 2017-01-05 |
| US20150249801A1 (en) | 2015-09-03 |
| US9258503B2 (en) | 2016-02-09 |
| JP6168064B2 (ja) | 2017-07-26 |
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