Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
  • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
  • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
  • E04C2/36—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by transversely-placed strip material, e.g. honeycomb panels
  • E04C2/365—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by transversely-placed strip material, e.g. honeycomb panels by honeycomb structures
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
  • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
  • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
  • E04C2/06—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres reinforced

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a Lehmbauplatte according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for producing a corresponding Lehmbauplatte.
• Clay building boards are known from the prior art. Examples of this are described in DE 10 2007 018 597 A1, DE 20 2005 002 209 U1, EP 1 564 341 A2 and WO 2011/007009 A2.
• the known Lehmbauplatten consist essentially of clay and fibers and possible other additives, such as functional materials such as
• the loam boards have excellent heat and moisture-regulating properties and, because of their major constituents, are easily disposable under the resulting total biodegradability and are also readily recyclable due to the reusability of unfired clay.
• a corresponding Lehmbauplatte should be easy to manufacture and versatile.
• the invention proposes to form a clay building panel having a cell structure with a multiplicity of cells arranged next to one another, wherein the cells are constructed in such a way that the cell walls extend at least in the thickness direction of the clay building panel. Due to the three-dimensional cell structure, which can be designed in particular as a honeycomb structure, the clay building board is given good mechanical stability and strength, and at the same time it is achieved that the shrinkage of the clay building material is limited to the local areas of the cells during drying, so that problems arise to avoid major global shrinkage. Accordingly, it is also possible to use compositions of clay building materials which otherwise can not be used due to the shrinkage problem.
• the cells of the cell structure may be provided in the form of tubes extending along the thickness direction of the clay building panel, the cells being open at their ends, i. that on the main surfaces of the clay building board, which are spanned by the length and the width, no cell wall of the cell structure is present, but is present in the cells filled clay building material.
• the cells of the cell structure may also be formed as cups, in which one end of the cells is closed in the thickness direction, so that the cell structure forms a major surface of the Lehmbauplatte.
• the cell structure may also be formed by a three-dimensional lattice or truss structure, wherein the cells may be bounded by rigid or flexible rods or strips.
• the cell structure can be formed by a three-dimensional tissue, for example with glass fibers, in which at least partially dimensionally stable tissue rods for at least one Provide a three-dimensional structure self-supporting space, which can be easily filled with clay building material.
• the cells can have different ground plans in cross section transversely to the thickness direction and can be, for example, square, rectangular, trapezoidal, triangular, quadrangular, hexagonal, polygonal and / or oval. Particularly advantageous is a hexagonal plan of the cells has been shown to form a honeycomb structure.
• the cell structure may be formed of different materials, such as paper, cardboard, wood, plastics, synthetic fibers, ceramic fibers, carbon fibers, glass fibers, natural fibers or metal. Combinations of these materials are conceivable. Particularly advantageous are cell structures that are formed from natural fibers such as linen, hemp, cotton, jute or bamboo and paper or cardboard or wood. With these materials, simple disposal of the clay building board after its use by composting is possible. In addition, a reuse by processing the clay building material is possible. Other materials for the cell structure are advantageous, such as plastics, as well as they can be easily separated from the clay building materials and the clay building materials or plastics can then be recycled.
• the clay building board may have, in addition to the cell structure, one or more planar support elements, which may be arranged in particular along or parallel to a main surface of the clay building board, which are spanned by the longitudinal and broad sides.
• planar support elements may be provided on the outer sides and / or in connection with the cell structure on one of the main surfaces or on two opposing main surfaces in order to further improve the stability of the Lehmbauplatte or to further improve the connectivity or decorative design of the surfaces of the Lehmbauplatte
• a corresponding planar carrier element can be provided in the form of a woven fabric, a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, a film, a plate or a coating, the materials used being the same materials as for the cell structure.
• the coating may be clay material containing fibers or other reinforcing elements be formed, for example, is sprayed.
• the other planar support elements can be glued in particular with clay.
• the clay building board may comprise a clay building material which may be formed by any known and suitable clay building material.
• the clay building material clay, sand, clay, brick, rocks, minerals, wood parts, twigs, wood chips, fibers, natural vegetable fibers, hemp, jute, linen, cotton, bamboo, reeds, straw, animal fibers, sheep wool, horse hair, synthetic Fibers, glass fibers, ceramic fibers and / or other additives, such as phase change materials (PCM phase change materials) include.
• PCM phase change materials phase change materials
• phase change materials which can also be referred to as latent heat storage, allows an intensification of the air conditioning function of Lehmbauplatten with heat storage and heat dissipation.
• the cell structure may be formed as a self-supporting structure, which is arranged during manufacture, for example, on a flat surface, in order to then be filled with the clay building material.
• cell structures are conceivable that are not self-supporting and must be kept in the appropriate form by an auxiliary structure when filling with clay building material.
• the clay building material is filled during filling with some excess, which corresponds to the degree of compaction during pressing or rolling.
• the clay building material can be used as a humid clay building material.
• the compacting of a soil-moist clay building material has, inter alia, the advantage that immediately after compacting, a solid structure is present and after a short drying high hardness and strength is given, so that the production times are greatly reduced.
• clay building materials with, for example, a high clay content greater than or equal to 33 percent by weight, in particular greater than or equal to 50 percent by weight, preferably greater than or equal to 66 percent by weight.
• planar support elements or other layers and layers can be laminated or applied.
• the individual layers can be provided in different thickness and / or configuration.
• layers with heating elements or cooling elements as well as layers with installation channels can be provided as functional layers.
• decorative end layers or sound or heat insulation layers and fire protection layers can be realized as corresponding functional layers.
• Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional view of a first embodiment of a clay building board according to the invention
• FIG. 2 is a side view of the clay building board of FIG. 1;
• Fig. 3 is a side view of a second embodiment of an inventive
• Fig. 4 is a side view of a third embodiment of an inventive
• Fig. 5 is a plan view of a cell structure, as in an inventive
• Clay building board can be used
• Fig. 6 is a plan view of another example of a cell structure, as may be used in a clay building board according to the invention.
• Figure 7 is a plan view of a third embodiment of a cell structure, as it can be used in a clay building board according to the invention.
• Fig. 8 is a partial sectional view of a clay building board according to the invention, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, but with a laminated fabric layer and a finished surface.
• the plate 3 may be, for example, a wood board, but may also be formed by a woven or nonwoven fabric made of a variety of fibers, such as natural fibers, glass fibers, ceramic fibers, carbon fibers and the like.
• the flat support element may also be formed as a board made of cardboard or correspondingly reinforced paper.
• the cell structure may be formed from a wide variety of materials, such as, for example, woven fabric, in particular natural fiber or glass fiber fabric, or from paper or cardboard.
• woven fabric in particular natural fiber or glass fiber fabric
• paper or cardboard used for forming the cell structure 1 and the flat support element 3 is particularly advantageous because paper or cardboard is easy to process into a three-dimensional cell structure and readily biodegradable and thus the clay building board is easily disposable or recyclable.
• any suitable clay building material can be used in the clay building board according to the invention, wherein the clay building material does not have to be poured by using the cell structure 1 or additionally the flat support element 3, but rather a free-flowing clay building material can be used, which can be pressed or rolled, so that the problem of shrinkage can be reduced. Nevertheless, of course, the casting technology production and use of flowable clay building materials is also possible.
• free-flowing clay building materials for example earth-moist clay building materials with preferably high clay content
• the cell structure 1 can be filled to a certain extent with clay building material and then the plate can be pressed or rolled so that the entire clay building material without supernatant in the cells 2 of the cell structure 1 is included.
• Figures 1 and 2 show a clay building board according to the invention with a layer comprising a cell structure 1, and a second layer, which is formed by the flat support member 3, for example in the form of a plate.
• a second planar carrier element 4 is arranged on the main side of the Lehmbauplatte opposite the planar carrier element 3, which is stretched by the longitudinal direction L and the width direction B, wherein the second planar carrier element as well as the first planar carrier element 3 in the form of a Fabric, a nonwoven fabric, a film which may be flexible and bendable, or may be in the form of a rigid plate.
• FIG. 4 further layers with cell structures 10, 11 and planar support elements 5 may be provided, so that diverse combinations of layers with cell structures and planar support elements are possible.
• clay building boards according to the invention may include installation channels or cooling and heating elements in the form of pipes, mats or the like.
• the corresponding pipes, channels, pipes and mats can be provided, for example, between or in flat support elements or additional layers with clay building material.
• the clay building material used to form the clay building board according to the invention may comprise all known constituents of clay building materials, it being possible to use different compositions of clay building materials for the individual layers or even within one layer, for example within a cell structure, in particular also as gradient material.
• a clay building material can be used, which includes latent heat storage, ie substances that are known as phase change materials (PCM phase change materials).
• phase change materials PCM phase change materials
• Such materials serve to ensure that appropriate phase transitions, for example from liquid to solid or solid to liquid, absorb and store energy or heat so that they can be released again when needed.
• FIGS. 5 to 7 show examples of how a cell structure can be constructed. While in the embodiment of FIG. 1 a cell structure 1 with a hexagonal outline has a cross-section transverse to the thickness direction D, the cells 2 'of the cell structure 1' from FIG. 5 are formed as quadrangles or squares. In the cell structures ⁇ "and Y ⁇ " of Figs. 6 and 7, the cells 2 "and" 'are formed with a diamond-shaped or round cross-section.
• the cell structure of Fig. 7 can be made, for example, by arranging a plurality of cylindrical tubes side by side and one above the other. In addition to the exemplary embodiments shown, various other forms of cell structures are conceivable.
• FIG. 8 shows in a partial cross section through a further embodiment of a clay building board according to the invention, in which opposite a flat support element in the form of a plate 3 on the clay building material-filled cell structure 1, a fleece or fabric or a film 6 is laminated, in addition to a Cover layer 7, z. B. is provided in the form of a clay plaster as the final layer.
• a wide variety of decorative end layers can be formed, which make it possible to use the clay building board according to the invention as a cladding panel or as a mounting plate, without the need for elaborate post-processing of the wall surface produced.
• the fleece or fabric may be formed as a heating element in addition to a reinforcing function and in addition to an improvement of the adhesion of surface layers, if it is formed for example of carbon fibers, so that when connecting an electrical heating source, a resistance heating can be realized.
• the flat carrier element 3 may be formed with a slight projection to the cell structure 1, so that when building a wall, a ceiling or a floor adjacent Lehmbauplatten collide against the flat support elements or connected to each other. If the superficial carrier elements abut against one another with a slight protrusion, a defined gap is formed between the cell structures, which can serve to receive connecting substances such as adhesives, mortars or joint materials.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Finishing Walls (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (5)

Citations (6)

Family Cites Families (1)

• 2012
  • 2012-01-05 DE DE201210100084 patent/DE102012100084A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2013
  • 2013-01-04 EP EP13700369.5A patent/EP2800845A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2013-01-04 WO PCT/EP2013/050128 patent/WO2013102676A1/fr not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (7)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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