WO2013002309A1 - 非特異反応抑制剤、非特異反応抑制方法及びキット - Google Patents
非特異反応抑制剤、非特異反応抑制方法及びキット Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/5306—Improving reaction conditions, e.g. reduction of non-specific binding, promotion of specific binding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D207/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/36—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D207/40—2,5-Pyrrolidine-diones
- C07D207/416—2,5-Pyrrolidine-diones with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to other ring carbon atoms
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a non-specific reaction inhibitor for suppressing a non-specific reaction that is an obstacle to accurately detecting and quantifying a minute amount of a target substance used in an immunological measurement method, and a non-specific reaction suppressing method using the same And an immunoassay kit containing the same.
- An immunological measurement method using an antigen-antibody reaction is widely used in clinical tests because it can specifically detect or accurately measure a trace component to be measured.
- it is often recognized that the reliability of measured values is impaired by non-specific reactions other than the specific antigen-antibody reaction of the original target substance. This phenomenon is caused by the reaction of components other than the target substance (antigen) contained in the specimen with the components of the measurement system.
- Patent Document 3 it is also known to use a cross-linked / polymerized streptavidin using maleimide or the like as in Patent Document 1, or an acylated protein aggregate as in Patent Document 2. Yes.
- the first antibody and the second antibody labeled with a detectable substance are reacted with the sample, whereby the detectable substance and the thiol group ( That is, it is also known to suppress non-specific binding due to the SH group (Patent Document 3).
- the carrier having a chemically modified group selected from the group consisting of N-hydroxysuccinimide ester group, carboxyl group, maleimide group and amino group on the surface.
- a functional group capable of reacting with the chemically modifying group on the carrier the block comprising a polyalkylene oxide having a functional group selected from the group consisting of an N-hydroxysuccinimide ester group, a mercapto group, and an amino group at the end. It is disclosed that an agent is used (Patent Document 4).
- the present invention has completed a non-specific reaction inhibitor for accurately measuring a target substance in a specimen, and a measurement method and a measurement reagent using the non-specific reaction inhibitor.
- the present invention [1] Formula I: [Wherein R 1 and R 2 together form a double bond between the carbons to which they are directly bonded, or R 1 is a hydrogen atom and R 2 is A group obtained by removing H from an SH group-containing compound, B is a support, and L is a spacer arm portion]
- a non-specific reaction inhibitor for immunological measurement comprising a substance represented by [2]
- the nonspecific reaction inhibitor according to [1], wherein the support is a carrier protein or a carrier solid phase carrier, [3]
- the non-specific reaction inhibitor according to [2], wherein the carrier solid phase carrier is a particle.
- the immunoassay is measurement by a sandwich method, and one or more steps of a specific immune reaction step with a target substance contained in a specimen are performed in the presence of a nonspecific reaction inhibitor, [5] or [ 6] immunological assay method, [10] An immunoassay kit containing the nonspecific reaction inhibitor according to any one of [1] to [4], About.
- the influence of non-specific reaction substances in the sample can be easily and effectively suppressed, and a trace component (target substance) in the sample can be accurately detected.
- the non-specific reactive substance discovered in the present invention reacts well with a support (particularly protein) bound with a maleimide group or a derivative thereof, which is a non-specific reaction inhibitory substance of the present invention.
- the effect is particularly high when a support having a maleimide group bonded therein is present. Therefore, the present invention is considered to be particularly effective for a reagent prepared by immobilizing or labeling an antibody or an antigen using the maleimide method among immunological measurement methods.
- the nonspecific reaction inhibitor of the present invention can be used in a known immunological assay.
- immunological measurement methods include one-way radioimmuno-diffusion method, turbidimetric method, nephelometric method, agglutination method, radioimmunoassay method, enzyme immunoassay method, and fluorescent immunoassay method.
- the immunoassay method and the fluorescence immunoassay method have high measurement sensitivity, and are particularly suitable for the measurement of trace components.
- Radioimmunoassay, enzyme immunoassay, and fluorescence immunoassay are methods that use labeled antibodies in which radioactive substances, enzymes, and fluorescent substances are respectively bound to antibodies that react specifically with the target substance.
- the solid phase method includes a sandwich method in which a “solid phase antibody-antigen-labeled antibody” complex is prepared and measured, or a fixed amount of labeled antibody in which the solid phase antigen and the free antigen in the sample are added to the reaction system.
- a competition method based on the principle of reacting competitively with respect to.
- the specimen used in the present invention examples include body fluids such as whole blood, serum, plasma, spinal fluid and saliva, urine, fecal extract and the like.
- the target substance is not limited as long as it can be contained in a specimen and has immunological reactivity.
- a target substance that is useful for diagnosing a disease or grasping a disease state is preferable.
- hepatitis B virus surface antigen HBV
- HCV hepatitis C virus
- HCV human immunodeficiency virus
- HTLV-1 human T cell leukemia virus-1
- TP syphilis treponema
- various myocardial markers creatine kinase (CKMB), myoglobin, troponin
- various hormones, serum proteins and the like can be mentioned.
- the non-specific reaction inhibitor of the present invention includes a non-specific reaction inhibitor that is obtained by binding a maleimide group or a derivative thereof directly or indirectly to a support represented by the above formula I.
- the maleimide group derivative means a maleimide group (reacted with a sulfhydryl group) blocked with an SH group-containing compound.
- the support is not particularly limited as long as it is an inactive substance in the measurement system (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a carrier), and examples thereof include proteins and solid phase carriers.
- carrier proteins examples include albumin (bovine serum albumin: BSA, human serum albumin: HSA, etc.), inactivated alkaline phosphatase (inactivated ALP), inactivated horseradish peroxidase (inactive HRP), streptavidin, avidin, Examples include gelatin, casein, and antibodies.
- carrier solid phase carrier examples include microtiter plates, test tubes, beads, particles, nanoparticles, and membranes.
- the particles include magnetic particles, hydrophobic particles such as polystyrene latex, copolymer latex particles having hydrophilic groups such as amino groups and carboxyl groups on the particle surface, erythrocytes, and gelatin particles.
- Inactive in the measurement system refers to those that do not affect the immunological reaction with the substance to be measured and those that do not affect the enzyme reaction.
- a person skilled in the art can appropriately select a suitable carrier in accordance with the measurement principle.
- the carrier protein may be purified from a biological sample or may be prepared as a suitable protein by genetic recombination.
- a known crosslinking agent can be used for binding of the maleimide group to the carrier protein.
- the cross-linking agent contains a maleimide group and a functional group for binding to a carrier protein (for example, an amino group-reactive functional group, a carboxyl group-reactive functional group, or biotin)
- the cross-linking agent is interposed between the maleimide group and the carrier protein.
- it may have a cyclic or linear functional group.
- crosslinking agent examples include a crosslinking agent having an amino group-reactive functional group such as, for example, the formula: SLM (where S is an amino group-reactive functional group, and M is a maleimide group). , L is a spacer arm portion), and more specifically, succinimidyl 4- [N-maleimidomethyl] cyclohexane-1-carboxylate (SMCC), sulfosuccinimidyl 4- [N-maleimidomethyl] cyclohexane-1- carboxylate (Sulfo-SMCC), Succinimidyl-4- [N-Maleimidomethyl] cyclohexane-1-carboxy- [6-amidocaproate] (LC-SMCC), N- [e-Maleimidocaproyloxy] succinimide ester (EMCS), N- [e -Maleimidocaproyloxy] sulfosuccinimide ester (SLM (where S is an
- HLM ⁇ -Maleimidopropionic acid hydrazide
- M e-Maleimidocaproic acid
- KMUH N- [k-Maleimidoundecanoic acid] -hydrazide
- MPBH 4- [4-N-maleimidophenyl] butyric acid hydrazide hydrochloride
- PDPH 3- [2-Pyridyldithio] propionyl hydrazide
- crosslinking agent having biotin for example, a compound represented by the formula: XLM (X is biotin, M is a maleimide group, and L is a spacer arm part), more specifically, Examples include 1-Biotinamido-4- [4 ′-(maleimidomethyl) cyclohexanecarboxamido] butane (Biotin-BMCC), Maleimide-PEG11-Biotin, Maleimide-PEG2-Biotin, and the like.
- the length of the spacer arm portion in the cross-linking agent is the same as that of a normal cross-linking agent, for example, 4 to 52 ohm strong, preferably 9 to 20 ohm strong.
- the bonding of these cross-linking agents can be performed according to a known method.
- the maleimide group may be blocked by a known method using an SH group-containing compound (eg, protein, amino acid) after binding the crosslinking agent.
- SH group-containing compound eg, protein, amino acid
- the SH group-containing compound is particularly limited as long as it has an SH group and can react with the maleimide group via the SH group to block the reactivity to the maleimide group. It is not a thing.
- the maleimide group may be bonded to the carrier particle by using a compound having a maleimide group at the time of preparing the carrier particle, or using a compound having an amino group or a carboxyl group, and further an amino group-reactive functional group.
- a crosslinking agent having a carboxyl group-reactive functional group and a maleimide group may be bound, or the carrier protein having the maleimide group may be bound.
- Preparation of Carrier Particles Carrier protein can be bound to particles by either physical adsorption or covalent bond. A well-known compound or the said crosslinking agent can be used.
- the antibody that can be used in the immunological measurement method may be a polyclonal antibody or a monoclonal antibody, and any animal species that produces the antibody, such as rabbits, goats, sheep, pigs, horses, mice Alternatively, antibodies derived from rats and the like can be used.
- Usable antibodies include complete antibodies and antibody fragments such as F (ab ′) 2 and Fab ′ cleaved by enzymatic treatment or chemical treatment.
- solid phase carriers include microtiter plates, test tubes, beads, particles, nanoparticles, and membranes.
- the particles include magnetic particles, hydrophobic particles such as polystyrene latex, copolymer latex particles having hydrophilic groups such as amino groups and carboxyl groups on the particle surface, erythrocytes, and gelatin particles. Among them, magnetic particles are particularly preferable in terms of realizing quick and simple B / F separation.
- triiron tetroxide Fe 3 O 4
- diiron trioxide Fe 2 O 3
- Magnetic particles such as fine particles comprising various metals such as ferrite, iron, manganese, nickel, cobalt, and chromium, and alloys such as cobalt, nickel, and manganese are preferably used.
- those magnetic particles prepared in a form contained in a polymer latex such as polystyrene, gelatin or liposome, or immobilized on the surface.
- the membrane include a nitrocellulose membrane, a cellulose filter paper, and a nylon membrane, and the membrane can also be used for a test piece of a simple measurement kit based on the principle of immunochromatography.
- Examples of the labeling substance that can be used in the immunological measurement method include enzymes, fluorescent substances, radioisotopes, insoluble particulate substances, and the like.
- Examples of the enzyme for labeling include alkaline phosphatase, peroxidase, glucose oxidase, tyrosinase, and acid phosphatase.
- Examples of the fluorescent substance include fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), green fluorescent protein (GFP), and luciferin.
- Examples of the radioisotope include 125 I, 14 C, and 32 P.
- the labeling substance when the labeling substance is an enzyme, the labeling substance can be measured by performing luminescence, fluorescence or color development reaction using a substrate for the enzyme.
- the substrate may be CDP-star® (4-chloro-3- (methoxyspiro ⁇ 1,2-dioxetane-3,2 ′-(5′-chloro) tricyclo [3.3.1.1 3,7 ] decan ⁇ -4-yl) phenyl phosphate disodium), CSPD® (3- (4-methoxyspiro ⁇ 1,2-dioxetane-3,2- (5′-chloro) tricyclo [3.3.1.1 3,7 ] decan ⁇ -4-yl) phenyl phosphate disodium), AMPPD® (adamantylmethoxyphenyl phosphoryldioxycetane), APS— A chemiluminescent substrate such as 5; a fluorescent substrate such as 4-methylumbel
- a conjugate can be produced by a known method.
- a conjugate can be produced by covalent bonding using a crosslinking reagent.
- Main crosslinking reagents include carbodiimide, isocyanate, diazo compound, benzoquinone, glutaraldehyde, periodic acid, N-hydroxysuccinimide ester compound, maleimide compound, pyridyl disulfide compound and the like.
- conjugates using these cross-linking reagents can be performed, for example, by the same method as the method of binding an enzyme and an antibody with an enzyme-labeled antibody. (1987) 75-126] and p. Tijsssen's “Enzyme Immunoassay (Biochemical Experimental Method 11, Tokyo Kagaku Dojin, 1989) pp. 196-251” and the like are described in detail.
- An example of a method for producing a conjugate using biological affinity is a method using a bond between avidin and biotin. For example, by introducing a biotin molecule into both an antibody (fragment) of the same antibody and another macromolecular substance such as albumin and crosslinking with avidin, or by introducing avidin into one of both and introducing biotin into the other There is a method of crosslinking. Biotinyl- ⁇ -aminocaproic acid-N-hydroxysuccinimid ester or the like is used as a reagent for introducing a biotin molecule.
- the non-specific reaction inhibitor and the sample are preliminarily placed in an appropriate buffer before the specific immune reaction step between the target substance and the specific antibody against it. There is a method of contacting and incubating for an appropriate time (for example, 1 minute to 2 hours). During this time, a substance that causes a nonspecific reaction (nonspecific reaction substance) in the specimen reacts with the nonspecific reaction inhibitor, and the nonspecific reaction activity with the labeled antibody in the specific immune reaction step is lost.
- the mixture of the sample that has been incubated and the non-specific reaction inhibitor may be used as it is, while the specific immune reaction
- the nonspecific reaction inhibitor after completion of the incubation may be removed before performing the specific immune reaction process.
- the measurement method that does not affect the specific immune reaction step is, for example, in the case of the most commonly used sandwich method, a “solid-phase antibody-non-specific reactant-labeled antibody” sandwich complex separated by a specific immune reaction. It is a measurement method that does not involve the body.
- a non-specific reaction inhibitor that is not separated together with the complex for example, one containing free protein or particles that are not separated
- the “solid-phase antibody-non-specific reactant-labeled antibody” sandwich complex separated by the specific immune reaction is used as the measurement method affecting the specific immune reaction step. It is a measurement method related to the body.
- a non-specific reaction inhibitor that is separated together with the complex for example, when the complex includes magnetic particles and is separated by a magnetic body, includes similar magnetic particles). ) Can be used.
- the nonspecific reaction inhibitor of the present invention there is a method of performing a specific immune reaction step in the presence of a nonspecific reaction inhibitor.
- a nonspecific reaction inhibitor is added to the buffer solution of the first immune reaction step in which the immobilized antibody and the antigen (target substance) in the sample are reacted.
- the non-specific reaction is detected because a “solid-phase antibody-non-specific reactant-labeled antibody” sandwich complex is formed without going through the specific reaction site of the antibody.
- the reaction activity of the nonspecific reaction substance to the labeled antibody is absorbed by the nonspecific reaction inhibitor.
- the measurement reliability can be further enhanced.
- any measurement method can be used. However, since a non-specific reaction inhibitor is used in the specific immune reaction step, it is preferable to use a measurement method that does not affect the specific immune reaction step.
- non-specific reaction can be avoided by adding a non-specific reaction inhibitor to the buffer of the immune reaction process and causing the reaction.
- any measurement method can be used.
- a non-specific reaction inhibitor is used in the specific immune reaction step, it is preferable to use a measurement method that does not affect the specific immune reaction step. What is necessary is just to select a suitable method suitably according to a target substance and a measuring method for the addition time of a non-specific reaction inhibitor.
- the non-specific reactant discovered in the present invention reacts well with a support (particularly carrier protein) to which a maleimide group or a derivative thereof is directly or indirectly bound, which is a non-specific reaction inhibitor of the present invention. Therefore, the effect is particularly high when a support (particularly a protein) to which a maleimide group or a derivative thereof is bound is present during a specific immune reaction step. Therefore, a reagent prepared by immobilizing or labeling an antibody or an antigen using the maleimide method among immunological measurement methods is particularly preferable.
- an antibody-containing substance (antibody-binding carrier, labeled antibody, etc.) prepared using a cross-linking agent represented by the formula: SLM, HLM, or XLM
- the present invention includes an antibody-containing substance prepared by using a cross-linking agent represented by the formula: SLM, HLM, or XLM, and a non-formula represented by the formula I.
- An immunoassay kit containing a specific reaction inhibitor is included.
- the same “L” is used as a symbol indicating the spacer arm portion, but the type of the functional group S or H in the cross-linking agent and the structure of the support B are used. Depending on the case, the structure of the spacer arm portion may be different.
- the nonspecific reaction inhibitor of the present invention is used by adding it to an appropriate buffer in advance before the immune reaction step, or by adding it to a buffer solution for the immune reaction step.
- the concentration of the nonspecific reaction inhibitor in the system that reacts with the nonspecific reaction substance is preferably 0.1 to 1000 ⁇ g / mL, more preferably 1 ⁇ 500 ⁇ g / mL.
- the buffer used may be a known appropriate buffer used for normal immune reactions. Even when the support for the non-specific reaction inhibitor is a carrier solid phase carrier, those skilled in the art can easily determine the concentration and use conditions having an activity equivalent to that of the carrier protein.
- a buffer solution for example, a reaction accelerator, a detergent or a stabilizer.
- a suitable buffer for example, 20 to 100 mmol / L phosphate buffer (pH 6 to 8) or 50 mmol / L Tris-HCl / 100 mmol / L NaCl (pH 7 to 8) can be used.
- the reaction accelerator include dextran sulfate or polyethylene glycol
- examples of the detergent include Triton X-100 and Tween 20
- examples of the stabilizer include proteins such as albumin, skim milk, and gelatin, sodium azide, thimerosal, caisson CG, and proclin. And other preservatives.
- a conventional immunoassay kit can further contain a nonspecific reaction inhibitor.
- a measurement kit by ELISA is composed of reagents such as a labeled antibody solution, a solid-phased antibody, and a standard substance, and if necessary, a buffer solution and an enzyme reaction for reacting the sample with the solid-phased antibody by the sandwich method.
- the nonspecific reaction inhibitor of the present invention may be used alone as a component reagent of the kit, or may be added in advance to other component reagents. However, it is preferable to add it as one component of the constituent reagent in consideration of the effect of suppressing the nonspecific reaction without increasing the measurement operation.
- the non-specific reaction inhibitor of the present invention may be added to a sample treatment solution or a buffer solution or a labeled antibody solution for reacting a sample with a solid-phased antibody to form a kit constituent reagent.
- these constituent reagents are freeze-dried products, they can be added to the reconstitution liquid.
- the nonspecific reaction inhibitor is preferably used in an amount of 0.1 to 1000 times by weight, particularly preferably 1 to 500 times by weight with respect to the labeled antibody.
- Example 1 Production of non-specific reaction inhibitor (SMCC-BSA)
- BSA bovine serum albumin
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- Sulfo-SMCC Sulfo-SMCC
- succinimidyl-4- (N-maleimidomethyl) cyclohexane-1-carboxylate) Pierce
- a 114 mg / mL cysteamine HCl solution was added to the reaction solution to block the terminal maleimide group. This was used for the following examination as a non-specific reaction inhibitor.
- Example 2 Construction of HBs antigen measurement system (1) Preparation of magnetic particle-bound antibody solution (1-1) Magnetic particle-bound antibody solution prepared using maleimide method After binding magnetic particles (JSR) and BSA (Sigma), anti-HBs A magnetic particle solution was prepared by binding mouse monoclonal antibody using Sulfo-SMCC (Pierce). The anti-HBs mouse monoclonal antibody was prepared by preparing a recombinant HBs antigen using CH1 cells and immunizing the mouse according to a known method.
- Magnetic particle binding antibody solution prepared using EDC method Magnetic particle solution was prepared by binding magnetic particles (JSR) and anti-HBs mouse monoclonal antibody using carbodiimide (Sigma). .
- a labeled antibody solution was prepared by labeling anti-HBs rabbit polyclonal antibody with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) by the maleimide method.
- the anti-HBs rabbit polyclonal antibody was prepared by immunizing a rabbit with the recombinant HBs antigen prepared in (1-1).
- Example 3 Confirmation of effect of avoiding influence of interfering substance in specimen by non-specific reaction inhibitor >>
- the nonspecific reaction inhibitor prepared in Example 1 was added so that the final concentration was 0.03%, and the presence or absence of the effect was examined. Measurement was carried out under each condition for one HBs antigen-positive sample obtained from a group of patients who were requested to test for HBs antigen and five HBs antigen-negative samples for which a nonspecific reaction was confirmed.
- a magnetic particle-bound antibody sensitized by the maleimide method was used, a higher non-specific reaction was observed than when a magnetic particle-bound antibody sensitized by the EDC method (carbodiimide method) was used.
- the nonspecific reaction was significantly suppressed. From this, it was suggested that the non-specific specimen used in the study contains a non-specific reactant caused by the immobilization method on the magnetic particles. Moreover, since it occurs remarkably in the maleimide method, it was expected that a non-specific reaction occurred with respect to the maleimide group immobilized on the magnetic particles.
- Example 4 Examination of Concentration of Nonspecific Reaction Inhibitor >> According to Example 2, the HBs antigen in the specimen was measured.
- the SMCC-BSA prepared in Example 1 has concentrations of 0.00003%, 0.0003%, 0.003%, 0.03%, and 0.3%, respectively, in the magnetic particle-bound antibody solution in the constituent reagents.
- the non-specific sample 6 showing the same non-specific reaction as in Example 3 was measured, and the reactivity was compared. As a result, it was confirmed that by adding 0.0003% or more of SMCC-BSA to the magnetic particle-bound antibody solution, the influence of a non-specific sample can be avoided.
- Example 5 Examination of cause of non-specific reaction 1 According to Example 2, the HBs antigen in the specimen was measured. In the examination, MGLTX (magnetic latex) -BSA-SMCC-Ab, MGLTX-BSA-SMCC, and MGLTX-BSA were prepared as follows.
- MGLTX-BSA-SMCC-Ab After binding magnetic particles (JSR) and BSA (Sigma), a magnetic particle solution was prepared by binding the anti-HBs mouse monoclonal antibody prepared in Example 2 using Sulfo-SMCC (Pierce). .
- the magnetic particle-bound antibody solution in the constituent reagent was changed to MGLTX-BSA-SMCC-Ab, MGLTX-BSA-SMCC, or MGLTX-BSA, which can be produced in the process of preparing the magnetic particles.
- Sample 1 was measured. (A) (1) only (B) (1) and final concentration 0.03% SMCC-BSA (C) (2) only (D) (3) only As a result, an increase in the measured value was observed in the non-specific samples of (A) and (C), and in (B), By adding a non-specific reaction inhibitor (SMCC-BSA), the increase in the measured value observed in (A) was suppressed, and a measured value equivalent to that of the negative sample was obtained. From the above, it was suggested that the cross-linking agent (SMCC) bound to the magnetic particles is greatly involved in the occurrence of non-specific reactions.
- SMCC cross-linking agent
- Example 6 Examination of cause of non-specific reaction 2 According to Example 2, the HBs antigen in the specimen was measured. In the examination, magnetic particles obtained by treating MGLTX-BSA-SMCC prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 (2) with three types of maleimide group blocking agents were prepared as follows.
- the type of the maleimide group blocking agent used in the preparation of the magnetic particles in the magnetic particle-bound antibody solution in the constituent reagent was changed as described above, and the HBs antigen negative sample and the non-specific sample 1 were measured.
- the experimental conditions were as follows. (A) (1) only (B) (1) and final concentration 0.03% SMCC-BSA (C) (2) only (D) (3) only As a result, in any of (A), (C) and (D), an increase in the measured value was observed in the non-specific sample, and in (B), (A ) Was added with a nonspecific reaction inhibitor (SMCC-BSA), the increase in the measured value observed in (A) was suppressed, and a measured value equivalent to that of the negative sample was obtained. Therefore, it was found that a nonspecific reaction occurs regardless of the type of maleimide group blocking agent. From the above, it was suggested that the cross-linking agent (SMCC) bound to the magnetic particles is greatly involved in the occurrence of non-specific reactions.
- SMCC cross-link
- Example 7 Cause 3 of non-specific reaction >> According to Example 2, the HBs antigen in the specimen was measured. In the examination, two types of non-specific reaction inhibitors, SMCC-BSA blocked with cysteamine HCl and SMCC-BSA not blocked with cysteamine HCl, were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. These non-specific reaction inhibitors were added and non-specific specimens were measured, and both were found to have the same effect of suppressing non-specific reactions. From the above, it was found that a non-specific reaction can be suppressed by a carrier protein having a maleimide group.
- a non-specific reaction caused by a non-specific reaction substance discovered in the present invention occurs at a frequency of 1 in 300 to 1000 samples of healthy human subjects regardless of the disease.
- the non-specific reaction inhibitor of the present invention a method for using the same, and a measurement kit, the influence of the non-specific reaction substance in the sample that occurs at such a high frequency can be easily and effectively suppressed, and a trace amount in the sample can be suppressed.
- the component can be accurately measured, and is useful for diagnosis of various diseases.
- this invention was demonstrated along the specific aspect, the deformation
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Abstract
Description
[1]式I:
で表される物質を含む、免疫学的測定用の非特異反応抑制剤、
[2]支持体がキャリアータンパク質あるいはキャリアー固相担体である、[1]の非特異反応抑制剤、
[3]キャリアータンパク質がアルブミンである、[2]の非特異反応抑制剤、
[4]キャリアー固相担体が粒子である、[2]の非特異反応抑制剤、
[5][1]~[4]のいずれかの非特異反応抑制剤を用いる、免疫学的測定方法、
[6]免疫学的測定方法が、ラテックス凝集光学的測定法、エンザイムイムノアッセイ、免疫比ろう法、酵素免疫測定法、蛍光免疫測定法、又は放射免疫測定法である、[5]の免疫学的測定方法、
[7]検体に含まれる標的物質との特異的な免疫反応工程を行う前に、該検体と非特異反応抑制剤とを反応させる、[5]又は[6]の免疫学的測定方法、
[8]非特異反応抑制剤の共存下に、検体に含まれる標的物質との特異的な免疫反応工程を行う、[5]又は[6]の免疫学的測定方法、
[9]免疫測定がサンドイッチ法による測定であり、検体に含まれる標的物質との特異的な免疫反応工程の一つ以上の工程を非特異反応抑制剤の共存下で行う、[5]又は[6]の免疫学的測定方法、
[10][1]~[4]のいずれかの非特異反応抑制剤を含有する、免疫学的測定キット、
に関する。
本発明で発見した非特異反応物質は、本発明の非特異反応抑制物質である、マレイミド基又はその誘導体が結合した支持体(特にはタンパク質)に良く反応することから、特異的な免疫反応工程中にマレイミド基が結合した支持体が存在する場合に特に効果が高い。よって、免疫学的測定法のうちマレイミド法を用いて抗体や抗原などを固相化または標識化して調製される試薬においては、特に本発明が有効であると考えられる。
免疫学的測定法としては、一元放射免疫拡散法、比濁法、比ろう法、凝集法、放射免疫測定法、酵素免疫測定法、蛍光免疫測定法等があるが、放射免疫測定法、酵素免疫測定法、蛍光免疫測定法は測定感度も高く、特に極微量成分の測定に好適である。
放射免疫測定法、酵素免疫測定法、蛍光免疫測定法はそれぞれ放射性物質、酵素、蛍光物質を、標的物質に特異的に反応する抗体に結合した標識抗体を用いる方法で、一般的には、抗体や抗原を不溶性担体に結合した固相化抗体または固相化抗原と組み合わせた固相法で使用される。固相法には「固相化抗体-抗原-標識抗体」複合物を作らせ測定するサンドイッチ法や、固相化抗原と検体中の遊離抗原が反応系内に添加された一定量の標識抗体に対して競合的に反応することを原理とする競合法がある。
標的物質としては、検体中に含有する可能性のあり、免疫学的な反応性を有するものであれば制限はないが、疾患の診断や病態の把握に役立つものが好ましい。例えば、B型肝炎ウィルス表面抗原(HBsAg)、C型肝炎ウィルス(HCV)抗体および抗原、ヒト免疫不全ウィルス(HIV)抗体、ヒトT細胞白血病ウィルス-1(HTLV-1)抗体、梅毒トレポネーマ(TP)抗体等が挙げられる。また、各種心筋マーカー(クレアチンキナーゼ(CKMB)、ミオグロビン、トロポニン)、各種ホルモン類、血清蛋白等が挙げられる。
キャリアータンパク質としては、生体試料から精製したものでも、遺伝子組み換えにより好適なタンパク質として作製したものでも良い。
カルボキシル基反応性官能基を有する架橋剤として、例えば、式:H-L-M(Hはカルボキシル基反応性官能基であり、Mはマレイミド基であり、Lはスペーサーアーム部分である)で表される化合物、より具体的には、β-Maleimidopropionic acid hydrazide(BMPH)、3,3´-N-[e-Maleimidocaproic acid] hydrazide (EMCH), N-[k-Maleimidoundecanoic acid]-hydrazide (KMUH)、4-[4-N-maleimidophenyl]butyric acid hydrazide hydrochloride (MPBH)、3-[2-Pyridyldithio]propionyl hydrazide (PDPH)などが挙げられる。
ビオチンを有する架橋剤として、例えば、式:X-L-M(Xはビオチンであり、Mはマレイミド基であり、Lはスペーサーアーム部分である)で表される化合物、より具体的には、1-Biotinamido-4-[4´-(maleimidomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxamido]butane (Biotin-BMCC)、Maleimide-PEG11-Biotin、Maleimide-PEG2-Biotinなどが挙げられる。
なお、前記架橋剤におけるスペーサーアーム部分の長さは、通常の架橋剤と同様であり、例えば、4~52オームストロング、好ましくは9~20オームストロングである。
該免疫学的測定方法に使用可能な抗体は、ポリクローナル抗体であっても、モノクローナル抗体であってもよく、抗体を産生する任意の動物種、例えば家兎、ヤギ、ヒツジ、ブタ、ウマ、マウスまたはラットなど由来の抗体が使用できる。
また、使用可能な抗体としては完全抗体や、それを酵素処理や化学処理により切断したF(ab’)2やFab’等のような抗体断片が挙げられる。
有機化学的方法では、例えば、架橋試薬を用いて共有結合させることにより結合体を製造することができる。主な架橋試薬としてはカルボジイミド、イソシアネート、ジアゾ化合物、ベンゾキノン、グルタルアルデヒド、過ヨウ素酸、N-ヒドロキシスクシンイミドエステル化合物、マレイミド化合物、ピリジル・ジスルフィド化合物等があげられる。これらの架橋試薬を使用した結合体の製造は、例えば酵素標識抗体で酵素と抗体を結合する方法と同一の方法で行うことができ、石川らの「酵素免疫測定法第3版(医学書院、1987年)75~126頁」やP.Tijssenの「エンザイムイムノアッセイ(生化学実験法11、東京化学同人、1989年)196~251頁」等に詳細に記載されている。
非特異反応抑制剤が、特異的免疫反応工程に影響しない測定法を使用する場合には、インキュベートを完了した検体と非特異反応抑制剤の混合液をそのまま用いればよく、一方、特異的免疫反応工程に影響する測定法を使用する場合には、特異的免疫反応工程を行う前に、インキュベートを完了した後の非特異反応抑制剤を除去すれば良い。
特異的免疫反応工程に影響しない測定法とは、例えば、最も一般的に用いられるサンドイッチ法の場合、特異的免疫反応で分離される「固相化抗体-非特異反応物質-標識抗体」サンドイッチ複合体に関わらない測定法である。このような場合、具体的には、前記複合体と共に分離されない非特異反応抑制剤(例えば、遊離のタンパク質や分離されない粒子などを含むもの)が使用できる。
特異的免疫反応工程に影響する測定法とは、例えば、最も一般的に用いられるサンドイッチ法の場合、特異的免疫反応で分離される「固相化抗体-非特異反応物質-標識抗体」サンドイッチ複合体に関わる測定法である。このような場合、具体的には、前記複合体と共に分離される非特異反応抑制剤(例えば、前記複合体が磁性粒子を含み、磁力体で分離される場合、同様な磁性粒子などを含むもの)が使用できる。
上記と同様に、いずれの測定法も使用可能であるが、特異的免疫反応工程で非特異反応抑制剤が使用されるため、前記特異的免疫反応工程に影響しない測定法で行う方が好ましい。
上記と同様に、いずれの測定法も使用可能であるが、特異的免疫反応工程で非特異反応抑制剤が使用されるため、前記特異的免疫反応工程に影響しない測定法で行う方が好ましい。
非特異反応抑制剤の添加時期は、標的物質や測定法に合わせて、好適な方法を適宜選択すれば良い。
例えば、先述のような、式:S-L-M又はH-L-M又はX-L-Mで表される架橋剤を用いて調製した抗体含有物質(抗体結合担体、標識化抗体など)を使用する免疫学的測定においては、前記式Iで表される非特異反応抑制物質を、反応工程の少なくとも1つに共存させることができる。従って、本発明には、式:S-L-M又はH-L-M又はX-L-Mで表される架橋剤を用いて調製した抗体含有物質と、前記式Iで表される非特異反応抑制物質とを含む、免疫学的測定キットが含まれる。なお、前記架橋剤の化学式と、前記式Iには、スペーサーアーム部分を示す記号として、同じ「L」を使用しているが、架橋剤における官能基S又はHの種類や支持体Bの構造によって、スペーサーアーム部分の構造が異なる場合がある。
また、緩衝液中に通常用いられる添加剤たとえば反応促進剤、洗浄剤または安定剤と共に使用することができる。さらに別の非特異反応抑制剤と共に用いることもできる。適当な緩衝液として例えば、20~100mmol/Lリン酸塩緩衝液(pH6~8)または50mmol/Lトリス-塩酸/100mmol/L NaCl(pH7~8)などが使用できる。反応促進剤としては例えばデキストランサルフェートまたはポリエチレングリコールなど、洗浄剤としては例えばTritonX-100、Tween20などを、また安定化剤としてアルブミン、スキムミルク、ゼラチンなどの蛋白質やアジ化ナトリウム、チメロサール、ケーソンCG、プロクリンなどの防腐剤を挙げることができる。
ウシ血清アルブミン(BSA:シグマ社)を0.1mol/L HEPES(pH7.0)で10mg/mLになるように溶解し、更に、ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)で溶解した50mg/mL Sulfo-SMCC(スルホサクシイミジル-4-(N-マレイミドメチル)シクロヘキサン-1-カルボキシレート)(ピアス社)溶液と混合し、37℃で一晩放置した。この反応液に114mg/mLシステアミンHCl溶液を添加し、末端のマレイミド基をブロッキングした。これを非特異反応抑制剤として以下の検討に使用した。
(1)磁性粒子結合抗体溶液の作製
(1-1)マレイミド法を用いて作製を行った磁性粒子結合抗体溶液
磁性粒子(JSR社)とBSA(シグマ社)を結合させた後に、さらに抗HBsマウスモノクローナル抗体をSulfo-SMCC(ピアス社)を用いて結合させた磁性粒子溶液を作製した。なお、抗HBsマウスモノクローナル抗体は、公知の方法に従って、CH1細胞により組換えHBs抗原を作製し、これをマウスに免疫して作製した。
磁性粒子(JSR社)と抗HBsマウスモノクローナル抗体を、カルボジイミド(シグマ社)を用いて結合させた磁性粒子溶液を作製した。
抗HBsウサギポリクローナル抗体をマレイミド法によりアルカリホスファターゼ(ALP)標識した標識抗体溶液を作製した。抗HBsウサギポリクローナル抗体は、(1-1)で作製した組換えHBs抗原をウサギに免疫した作製した。
2-クロロ-5-(4-メトキシスピロ{1,2-ジオキセタン-3,2´-(5´-クロロ)-トリシクロ[3.3.1.13,7]デカン}-4-イル)-1-フェニルホスフェート・二ナトリウム(CDP-Star(登録商標):アプライドバイオシステム社)を使用した。
測定は、全自動臨床検査システムSTACIA(三菱化学メディエンス社製)を使用した。
50μLの検体にマレイミド法あるいはEDC法で作製した60μLの磁性粒子結合抗体溶液を加え、37℃で3.5分間加温した後、60μLの標識抗体溶液を加え、37℃で8.6分間加温し、BF分離、洗浄した後、100μLの発光基質溶液を加え、37℃で2.7分反応後に発光量(counts)を測定した。
実施例2の方法において、実施例1で作製した非特異反応抑制剤を最終濃度が0.03%になるように添加し、その効果の有無を検討した。
HBs抗原検査依頼のあった患者群から得られたHBs抗原陽性検体1例、及び非特異反応が確認されたHBs抗原陰性検体5例について、各条件で測定を行った。マレイミド法によって感作した磁性粒子結合抗体を使用した場合には、EDC法(カルボジイミド法)によって感作した磁性粒子結合抗体を使用した場合に比べ、高い非特異反応が認められたが、マレイミド法感作磁性粒子結合抗体に、非特異反応抑制剤を添加したところ、その非特異反応が有意に抑制された。
このことから、検討に使用した非特異検体には、磁性粒子への固定化方法に起因する非特異反応物質が含まれていることが示唆された。また、マレイミド法において顕著に起こることから、磁性粒子に固定されたマレイミド基に対して非特異反応が起こっていると予想された。
実施例2に従って、検体中のHBs抗原を測定した。構成試薬中の磁性粒子結合抗体溶液に、実施例1で調製したSMCC-BSAをそれぞれ、0.00003%、0.0003%、0.003%、0.03%、0.3%濃度になるように添加し、実施例3と同様な非特異反応を示す非特異検体6を測定し、その反応性を比較した。その結果、SMCC-BSAを磁性粒子結合抗体溶液に0.0003%以上添加することによって、非特異検体の影響を回避できることが確認できた。
実施例2に従って、検体中のHBs抗原を測定した。検討を行うにあたり、MGLTX(magnetic latex)-BSA-SMCC-Ab、MGLTX-BSA-SMCC、MGLTX-BSAの作製を、以下のとおりに行った。
磁性粒子(JSR社)とBSA(シグマ社)を結合させた後に、さらに実施例2で作製した抗HBsマウスモノクローナル抗体をSulfo-SMCC(ピアス社)を用いて結合させた磁性粒子溶液を作製した。
磁性粒子(JSR社)とBSA(シグマ社)を結合させた後に、Sulfo-SMCC(ピアス社)を結合させた磁性粒子溶液を作製した。
磁性粒子(JSR社)とBSA(シグマ社)を結合させた磁性粒子溶液を作製した。
(A)(1)のみ
(B)(1)及び 最終濃度0.03% SMCC-BSA
(C)(2)のみ
(D)(3)のみ
その結果、(A)及び(C)の非特異検体で測定値の上昇が認められ、また、(B)では、(A)に対して非特異反応抑制剤(SMCC-BSA)を加えることによって、(A)で認められた測定値の上昇が抑制され、陰性検体と同等の測定値を得た。以上より、磁性粒子に結合した架橋剤(SMCC)が非特異反応の発生に大きく関わっていることが示唆された。
実施例2に従って、検体中のHBs抗原を測定した。検討を行うにあたり、実施例5(2)と同様に作製したMGLTX-BSA-SMCCを、更に3種類のマレイミド基ブロッキング剤で処理した磁性粒子を、以下のとおりに作製した。
磁性粒子(JSR社)とBSA(シグマ社)を結合させた後に、Sulfo-SMCCを結合させた磁性粒子溶液に対しシステアミン(Wako社)でブロッキング処理を行い、調製した。
磁性粒子(JSR社)とBSA(シグマ社)を結合させた後に、Sulfo-SMCCを結合させた磁性粒子溶液に対しチオグルコース(Wako社)でブロッキング処理を行い、調製した。
磁性粒子(JSR社)とBSA(シグマ社)を結合させた後に、Sulfo-SMCCを結合させた磁性粒子溶液に対しメルカプトこはく酸(Wako社)でブロッキング処理を行い、調製した。
(A)(1)のみ
(B)(1)及び 最終濃度0.03% SMCC-BSA
(C)(2)のみ
(D)(3)のみ
その結果、(A)(C)(D)のいずれでも非特異検体で測定値の上昇が認められ、また、(B)では、(A)に対して非特異反応抑制剤(SMCC-BSA)を加えることによって、(A)で認められた測定値の上昇が抑制され、陰性検体と同等の測定値を得た。よって、マレイミド基のブロッキング剤の種類に関係なく非特異反応が発生することがわかった。
以上より、磁性粒子に結合した架橋剤(SMCC)が非特異反応の発生に大きく関わっていることが、示唆された。
実施例2に従って、検体中のHBs抗原を測定した。検討を行うにあたり、実施例1と同様にシステアミンHClでブロッキングしたSMCC-BSAと、システアミンHClでブロッキングしないSMCC-BSAの2種類の非特異反応抑制剤を作製した。これらの非特異反応抑制剤を添加し非特異検体の測定を行ったが、どちらも同程度に非特異反応抑制効果があることがわかった。
以上より、マレイミド基を有するキャリアータンパク質により、非特異反応を抑制できることがわかった。
本発明の非特異反応抑制剤とその使用方法、及び測定キットを用いることにより、このような高頻度で起こる検体中の非特異反応物質の影響を簡便かつ効果的に抑制し、検体中の微量成分を正確に測定することが可能となり、様々な疾患の診断に有用である。
以上、本発明を特定の態様に沿って説明したが、当業者に自明の変形や改良は本発明の範囲に含まれる。
Claims (10)
- 支持体がキャリアータンパク質あるいはキャリアー固相担体である、請求項1に記載の非特異反応抑制剤。
- キャリアータンパク質がアルブミンである、請求項2に記載の非特異反応抑制剤。
- キャリアー固相担体が粒子である、請求項2に記載の非特異反応抑制剤。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の非特異反応抑制剤を用いる、免疫学的測定方法。
- 免疫学的測定方法が、ラテックス凝集光学的測定法、エンザイムイムノアッセイ、免疫比ろう法、酵素免疫測定法、蛍光免疫測定法、又は放射免疫測定法である、請求項5に記載の免疫学的測定方法。
- 検体に含まれる標的物質との特異的な免疫反応工程を行う前に、該検体と非特異反応抑制剤とを反応させる、請求項5又は6に記載の免疫学的測定方法。
- 非特異反応抑制剤の共存下に、検体に含まれる標的物質との特異的な免疫反応工程を行う、請求項5又は6に記載の免疫学的測定方法。
- 免疫測定がサンドイッチ法による測定であり、検体に含まれる標的物質との特異的な免疫反応工程の一つ以上の工程を非特異反応抑制剤の共存下で行う、請求項5又は6に記載の免疫学的測定方法。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の非特異反応抑制剤を含有する、免疫学的測定キット。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US14/129,510 US11125742B2 (en) | 2011-06-29 | 2012-06-28 | Non-specific reaction inhibitor, method for inhibiting non-specific reaction, and kit |
| KR1020147001570A KR101988600B1 (ko) | 2011-06-29 | 2012-06-28 | 비특이 반응 억제제, 비특이 반응 억제 방법 및 키트 |
| EP12803782.7A EP2728354B1 (en) | 2011-06-29 | 2012-06-28 | Non-specific reaction inhibitor, method for inhibiting non-specific reaction, and kit |
| CN201280032103.5A CN103620407B (zh) | 2011-06-29 | 2012-06-28 | 非特异性反应抑制剂、非特异性反应抑制方法及试剂盒 |
| JP2013522925A JP5808808B2 (ja) | 2011-06-29 | 2012-06-28 | 非特異反応抑制剤、非特異反応抑制方法及びキット |
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| JP2011-144464 | 2011-06-29 | ||
| JP2011144464 | 2011-06-29 |
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| WO2013002309A1 true WO2013002309A1 (ja) | 2013-01-03 |
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| US (1) | US11125742B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2728354B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5808808B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR101988600B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN103620407B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2013002309A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105393119A (zh) * | 2013-07-30 | 2016-03-09 | 生物辐射实验室股份有限公司 | 用于免疫试验的多重封闭物珠 |
| USD941171S1 (en) | 2016-07-06 | 2022-01-18 | Katana Safety, Inc. | Mobile phone personal security accessory |
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| CN104860865B (zh) * | 2015-05-28 | 2019-04-05 | 江苏省原子医学研究所 | 一种非典型性荧光材料琥珀酰亚胺衍生物的制备方法 |
| EP3519821A1 (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2019-08-07 | Biopromic AB | Method for removing inhibitory components |
| CN106950363A (zh) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-07-14 | 四川迈克生物科技股份有限公司 | 抑制类风湿因子干扰的胶乳增强免疫比浊试剂 |
| CN112888945B (zh) * | 2018-12-06 | 2022-07-12 | 武汉全景生物技术有限公司 | 免疫检测中消除阿霉素干扰的方法及免疫检测试剂盒 |
| CN112269024A (zh) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-26 | 上海捷门生物技术有限公司 | 白细胞介素-6的检测试剂、试纸、试剂盒及其应用 |
| CN116087492B (zh) * | 2023-01-03 | 2025-10-03 | 中生北控生物科技股份有限公司 | 一种消除血液样本中非特异性反应的检测试剂盒和方法 |
| CN119630965A (zh) * | 2023-07-18 | 2025-03-14 | 日东纺绩株式会社 | TRACP-5b的测定方法和用于该方法的试剂盒 |
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| CN105393119A (zh) * | 2013-07-30 | 2016-03-09 | 生物辐射实验室股份有限公司 | 用于免疫试验的多重封闭物珠 |
| USD941171S1 (en) | 2016-07-06 | 2022-01-18 | Katana Safety, Inc. | Mobile phone personal security accessory |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR101988600B1 (ko) | 2019-06-12 |
| CN103620407A (zh) | 2014-03-05 |
| EP2728354A4 (en) | 2015-07-15 |
| US11125742B2 (en) | 2021-09-21 |
| KR20140057523A (ko) | 2014-05-13 |
| CN103620407B (zh) | 2016-09-21 |
| JPWO2013002309A1 (ja) | 2015-02-23 |
| EP2728354B1 (en) | 2018-06-13 |
| JP5808808B2 (ja) | 2015-11-10 |
| US20140193842A1 (en) | 2014-07-10 |
| EP2728354A1 (en) | 2014-05-07 |
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