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WO2013075719A1 - Procédé et équipement de fabrication de clinker de ciment - Google Patents

Procédé et équipement de fabrication de clinker de ciment Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013075719A1
WO2013075719A1 PCT/DK2012/050424 DK2012050424W WO2013075719A1 WO 2013075719 A1 WO2013075719 A1 WO 2013075719A1 DK 2012050424 W DK2012050424 W DK 2012050424W WO 2013075719 A1 WO2013075719 A1 WO 2013075719A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
preheater
dust
exhaust gases
cement raw
harmful components
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DK2012/050424
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English (en)
Inventor
Søren Hundebøl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FLSmidth AS
Original Assignee
FLSmidth AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FLSmidth AS filed Critical FLSmidth AS
Publication of WO2013075719A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013075719A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
    • C04B7/43—Heat treatment, e.g. precalcining, burning, melting; Cooling
    • C04B7/436—Special arrangements for treating part or all of the cement kiln dust

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing cement clinker by which method cement raw materials are heat treated in a kiln system comprising a suspension preheater and a kiln, where the cement raw materials are introduced and preheated in the preheater by heat exchange with hot exhaust gases and burned into cement clinker in the kiln, where the exhaust gases from the preheater are optionally fed to a cement raw material milling department or to a gas treatment system, respectively, for capturing of harmful component in the exhaust gases on dust contained in the exhaust gases, which is then fed to a main filter for removal of the dust carrying the captured harmful components.
  • the invention also relates to a plant for carrying out the inventive method.
  • a method as well as a plant of the aforementioned kind is commonly known, e.g. from EP 462305.
  • the reduction of harmful components in the exhaust gases is of the kind of the so-called end-of-pipe treatment.
  • the emphasis is on reducing such harmful components that are circulating between the preheater of the kiln system and the cement raw milling department, e.g. by being evaporated in the relatively hot preheater and condensed again in the relatively cold cement raw milling department resulting in the component being returned with the raw meal to the kiln system.
  • EP 462305 the exhaust gases from the preheater is fed to both the milling department and the cooling device in a mutually adjustable ratio, where after dust with a relatively low concentration of harmful components is precipitated from both these exhaust gas streams simultaneously in a filter installation, and is either used in the finished cement or disposed.
  • a major disadvantage by this known method is that a relatively large amount of dust is either disposed or mixed into the finished cement where it because of lack of hydraulic properties has no more effect on the strength properties of the cement than ordinary filler materials, thus most of the energy used for milling and preheating said dust is lost.
  • the reason for the amount of dust gets so high by this known method is that the concentration of harmful components in the precipitated dust is very low, meaning that the amount needs to be high in order to have a balanced amount of harmful components circulating in the plant between the preheater and the milling department.
  • this is achieved by a method of the kind mentioned in the introduction, and being characterized in that the exhaust gases from the preheater in two different operating modes A and B alternately is fed to the cement raw material milling department, operating mode A, and to the gas treatment system, operation mode B, and in that the dust removed from the exhaust gases in the main filter and carrying the captured harmful components during operation mode A is returned to the preheater and during operation mode B is extracted for further treatment.
  • the amount of harmful components that are circulating between the preheater of the kiln system and the cement raw material milling department may be removed by disposal of far less dust than by the known method.
  • the reason for this is that the concentration of harmful components in the precipitated dust which is finally disposed is much higher.
  • This higher concentration of the harmful components in the finally disposed dust is obtained by operating the plant in two different modes A and B, where during operating mode A the concentration of harmful components circulating between the preheater of the kiln system and the cement raw milling department is gradually increased by returning the main filter dust to the preheater until a certain concentration depending on the kind of harmful components is reached, and during operating mode B the dust when having such a certain concentration of harmful components is removed for further treatment.
  • the gas treatment system will perform with high degree of capture.
  • the dust removed from the exhaust gases in the main filter and carrying the captured harmful components is introduced into the preheater together with the cement raw materials.
  • the harmful components captured by the dust being extracted from the main filter for further treatment mainly consist of combustible components, such as oil or other volatile or semi-volatile carbon- rich compounds it is preferred that it is introduced into a combustion zone of the kiln system for destruction of these harmful components.
  • the dust is mixed herewith, whereas, if the amount of such compounds is too high, the dust is preferably disposed or used for other purposes.
  • the dust is introduced into or right after a combustion zone of the kiln system, in which case the ammonia will be decomposed by reacting with NO in the exhaust gases.
  • additives for reduction/absorption of emission components may be added to the exhaust gases before the main filter, if necessary after the exhaust gases has been cooled in a cooling device, or the mixing with additives and the cooling of the gas may take place simultaneously.
  • auxiliary filter prior to being fed to the cement raw material milling department or the gas treatment system.
  • the dust separated by the auxiliary filter may be returned to the kiln system, preferably the preheater.
  • the temperature of the exhaust gases leaving the preheater will be increased, thereby attaining a more optimum temperature window for SO 2 capture. If the emission of SO 2 is to be reduced, it is further suggested to feed a proper absorbent into the exhaust gases from the preheater upstream to the point where a proportion of the cement raw materials are introduced.
  • auxiliary filter may be adjusted so that a part of the sulphite produced will pass directly to the main filter from where it can be returned to a combustion zone of the kiln system for oxidation to sulphate and become a part of the clinker.
  • the moisture content of the raw materials will determine a minimum ratio of the total operation time in operation mode A to the total operation time in operation mode B, respectively.
  • a number of known methods may be used to get more operation time in operation mode B, such as bringing hot excess air from a cement clinker cooler into the cement raw material milling department during operation mode A.
  • the plant for carrying out the method according to invention for manufacturing cement clinker comprises a suspension preheater and a kiln for heat treatment of cement raw materials, where the cement raw materials is introduced and preheated in the preheater by heat exchange with hot exhaust gases and burned into cement clinker in the kiln, a cement raw material milling department and a gas treatment system where to the exhaust gases from the preheater is optionally fed for capturing of harmful component in the exhaust gases on dust contained in the exhaust gases, and a main filter for removal of the dust carrying the captured harmful components, and being characterized in that it comprises means for alternately feeding the exhaust gases from the preheater to the cement raw material milling department and the gas treatment system, respectively, and in that it comprises means for returning the dust removed from the exhaust gases in the main filter and carrying the captured harmful components to the preheater and means for extracting said dust for further treatment, respectively.
  • the plant preferably comprises means for introducing the dust into the preheater together with the cement raw materials. Further, the plant preferably comprises means for introducing the dust into a combustion zone of the kiln system.
  • the plant may comprise means for mixing the dust with the finished cement and/or for disposing or using the dust for other purposes.
  • the plant may comprise means for adding additives into the exhaust gases, said means being positioned before the main filter, preferably after the cooling device, if included.
  • the cooling device can e.g. be a cooling tower with water injection or a heat exchanger arrangement.
  • a gas suspension absorber (GSA) such as described in EP 1 14 477 is a cooling device to which additives may be added simultaneously with the cooling agent water.
  • the plant preferably comprises an auxiliary filter being positioned upstream the cement raw material milling department and the gas treatment system in order to reduce the dust freight in the exhaust gases from the preheater and in this way to reduce the amount of dust containing the harmful components to be handled.
  • the auxiliary filter is preferable adjustable with respect to separation efficiency.
  • the plant comprises an auxiliary filter it may preferably also comprise means for returning the dust separated by said auxiliary filter to the kiln system, preferably to the preheater.
  • the plant may also comprise means for feeding a proportion of the cement raw materials into the exhaust gases from the preheater before the auxiliary filter. Further, the plant may comprise means for feeding a proper S0 2 absorbent into the exhaust gases from the preheater, said means being position upstream to the point where a proportion of the cement raw materials are introduced.
  • the plant may advantageously comprise means for measuring the amount of harmful components in the exhaust gases from the preheater.
  • Fig. 1 shows a sketch of a plant according to the present invention for manufacturing cement clinker
  • . 2 shows another embodiment comprising a GSA.
  • Fig. 1 a plant for manufacturing cement clinker.
  • the kiln system of the shown plant comprises a suspension preheater 1 , a calciner 3 and a kiln 5 for heat treatment of cement raw materials being feed from a storage F into the preheater 1 via an inlet 6.
  • the cement raw materials is preheated in the preheater 1 by heat exchange with hot exhaust gases coming from the calciner 3, calcined in the calciner 3 and burned into cement clinker in the kiln 5.
  • the cement clinker is afterwards cooled in a clinker cooler 7.
  • the exhaust gases are drawn through the kiln system by means of a fan 8.
  • the plant further comprises a cement raw material milling department 9 and a gas treatment system 1 1 comprising a cooling tower 12 and a mixing chamber 13 for cooling and mixing additives into the exhaust gases, respectively, where to the exhaust gases from the preheater is optionally fed during operation of the plant for capturing of harmful component in the exhaust gases on dust contained in the exhaust gases.
  • the plant also comprise a main filter 15 for removal of the dust carrying the captured harmful components, a fan 16 for drawing the exhaust gases though the cement raw material milling department 9 and a gas treatment system 1 1 , respectively and a stack 17 for discharging the exhaust gases to the atmosphere.
  • the cement raw material milling department 9 may contain one or more fans, not shown.
  • Connected to the main filter 15 is a discharge duct 18 with a splitter gate 19 for conducting dust containing harmful components from the main filter 15 to a silo 20 for cement raw materials or dust storage 21 , respectively.
  • the concentration of harmful components circulating between the preheater 1 and the cement raw milling department 9 is gradually increased. This operation mode is continued until a certain, preferably predetermined, concentration depending on the kind of harmful components is reached, where after the operation mode is switched to operating mode B. Then, during operation mode B, the harmful components are extracted out of this circulating system by conducting the exhaust gases through the gas treatment system 1 1 and removing the dust from the main filter 15 during this operation mode for further treatment. Due to the fact that the harmful components have attained high concentration in the exhaust gases during operation mode A, the gas treatment system will perform with high degree of capture during operation mode B.
  • the main filter 15 is preferably a bag-house filter; the cleaning sequence of which is adjustable, so that the cleaning frequency can be selected according to the switching sequence between the two operating modes.
  • One advantage of using the same bag-house filter as main filter 15 for both de-dusting of the exhaust gases from the cement raw material milling department 9 and for de- dusting of the exhaust gases from the gas treatment system, is the fact that the bags are pre-coated with dust during operating mode A and therefore being more capable of catching many small particles that could be produced during operating mode B. Prior to going into operating mode B, the pre-coating on the bags could be preserved by decreasing the cleaning frequency. Likewise the bag-house filter could be emptied for dust containing the harmful components by increasing the cleaning frequency right before starting operation mode A.
  • the shown plant also comprises an auxiliary filter 22, such as an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) or a cyclone battery with mechanical means for adjusting the separation efficiency.
  • auxiliary filter 22 By means of the auxiliary filter 22 the dust freight in the exhaust gases from the preheater 1 and thus the amount of dust containing the harmful components to be handled may be reduced prior to being fed to the cement raw material milling department 9 or the gas treatment system 1 1 .
  • the dust separated by the auxiliary filter 22 is as shown returned to the preheater 1 .
  • the separation efficiency of the auxiliary filter 22 is adjustable.
  • the shown plant further comprises a duct 6a for feeding a proportion of the cement raw materials from storage F into the exhaust gases from the preheater 1 before the auxiliary filter 22.
  • a duct 6a for feeding a proportion of the cement raw materials from storage F into the exhaust gases from the preheater 1 before the auxiliary filter 22.
  • the temperature of the exhaust gases may be lowered to a temperature the auxiliary filter 22 can cope with before being entered into said filter 22.
  • the temperature of the exhaust gases leaving the preheater 1 will in this way be increased, thereby attaining a more optimum temperature window within the range from 450-500 °C for S0 2 capture by adding calcium hydroxide to the exhaust gases upstream to the point where a proportion of the cement raw materials is introduced.
  • a rather high amount of S0 2 can usually be captured in the cement raw material milling department 9 as sulphite.
  • the duct 6a for feeding a proportion of the cement raw materials from storage F into the exhaust gases from the preheater 1 and the auxiliary filter 22 in the same mode for both operating modes, if there is enough heat in the exhaust gases for drying of the cement raw materials in the milling department 9.
  • the exhaust gases from the preheater 1 should preferably not be cooled by introducing raw materials via duct 6a and should preferably be bypassed the auxiliary filter 22, as indicated by the dotted line 29.
  • the plant also comprises a measuring device 23 for measuring the amount of harmful components in the exhaust gases from the preheater 1 . In this way the plant operator is able to determine when to switch operation mode from A to B and vice versa.
  • the auxiliary filter 22 is situated after the fan 8.
  • the gases from the filter 22 are conducted into the cement raw material milling department 9, whereas in operation mode B the gases are conducted into a gas treatment system 1 1 .
  • the gas treatment system 1 1 comprises a gas suspension absorber 25 (GSA) with injection of absorbent and cooling water near a bottom inlet 26 and a cyclone 27.
  • GSA gas suspension absorber 25
  • a proportion of the solids separated by the cyclone 27 is returned to the GSA. The proportion not returned is extracted from the plant for further treatment via storage 21 a.
  • FIG. 2 further shows a duct 28 for bringing hot excess air from the clinker cooler 7 into the cement raw material milling department 9 in case the plant is running in operation mode A and an additional heat supply is needed.
  • the hot air is mixed into the exhaust gas flow from the preheater 1 after fan 8 in front of the auxiliary filter 22.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention a trait à un procédé et un appareil de fabrication de clinker de ciment, procédé dans lequel des matières brutes de ciment sont traitées à la chaleur dans un système de four comprenant un préchauffeur en suspension (1) et un four (5), dans lequel les matières brutes de ciment sont introduites et préchauffées dans le préchauffeur (1) par échange de chaleur avec des gaz d'échappement chauds et brûlées pour obtenir du clinker de ciment dans le four (5), dans lequel les gaz d'échappement provenant du préchauffeur (1) sont éventuellement transmis respectivement à une section de broyage des matières brutes de ciment (9) ou à un système de traitement des gaz (11), pour la capture de composants nuisibles dans les gaz d'échappement sur des poussières contenues dans les gaz d'échappement, qui sont ensuite transmis à un filtre principal (15) pour le retrait des poussières transportant les composants nocifs capturés . Le procédé et l'appareil sont particuliers en ce sens que les gaz d'échappement provenant du préchauffeur (1), dans deux modes de fonctionnement différents A et B en alternance, sont transmis à la section de broyage des matières brutes de ciment (9) en mode de fonctionnement A, et au système de traitement des gaz (11) en mode de fonctionnement B, et en ce que les poussières retirées des gaz d'échappement dans le filtre principal (15) et transportant les composants nocifs capturés pendant le mode de fonctionnement A sont retournées au préchauffeur (1) et, pendant le mode de fonctionnement B, sont extraites en vue d'un traitement ultérieur. Ceci permet d'obtenir que les quantités de composants nocifs qui circulent entre le préchauffeur du système de four et la section de broyage des matières brutes de ciment puissent être retirées par élimination de beaucoup moins de poussières que par le procédé connu. La raison en est que la concentration de composants nocifs dans les poussières précipitées qui sont finalement éliminées est beaucoup plus élevée. Cette concentration plus élevée de composants nocifs dans les poussières finalement éliminées est obtenue par fonctionnement de l'équipement dans deux modes différents A et B. Pendant le mode de fonctionnement A, la concentration de composants nuisibles circulant entre le préchauffeur du système de four et la section de broyage des matières brutes de ciment est progressivement augmentée en retournant les poussières du filtre principal au préchauffeur jusqu'à ce qu'une certaine concentration, en fonction de la nature des composants nocifs, soit atteinte. Pendant le mode de fonctionnement B, les poussières atteignant une telle concentration de composants nocifs sont extraites en vue d'un traitement ultérieur.
PCT/DK2012/050424 2011-11-23 2012-11-20 Procédé et équipement de fabrication de clinker de ciment Ceased WO2013075719A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA201170637 2011-11-23
DKPA201170637 2011-11-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013075719A1 true WO2013075719A1 (fr) 2013-05-30

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020044288A1 (fr) * 2018-08-29 2020-03-05 Flsmidth A/S Procédé et appareil pour la réduction de l'émission de hci par les cimenteries à l'aide de farine crue de ciment comme absorbeur

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0114477A1 (fr) 1982-12-22 1984-08-01 F.L. Smidth & Co. A/S Procédé et dispositif pour éliminer des oxides de soufre de gaz de fumée chauds
EP0462305A1 (fr) 1990-06-21 1991-12-27 Huland, Edith, Dr. Dr. Aérosols contenant des cytokines et leur utilisation
US20100300864A1 (en) * 2009-05-28 2010-12-02 Flsmidth A/S Method for Eliminating Spikes of Mercury Emissions

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0114477A1 (fr) 1982-12-22 1984-08-01 F.L. Smidth & Co. A/S Procédé et dispositif pour éliminer des oxides de soufre de gaz de fumée chauds
EP0462305A1 (fr) 1990-06-21 1991-12-27 Huland, Edith, Dr. Dr. Aérosols contenant des cytokines et leur utilisation
US20100300864A1 (en) * 2009-05-28 2010-12-02 Flsmidth A/S Method for Eliminating Spikes of Mercury Emissions

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020044288A1 (fr) * 2018-08-29 2020-03-05 Flsmidth A/S Procédé et appareil pour la réduction de l'émission de hci par les cimenteries à l'aide de farine crue de ciment comme absorbeur
CN112867549A (zh) * 2018-08-29 2021-05-28 Fl史密斯公司 使用水泥生料作为吸收剂减少水泥厂的HCl排放的方法和设备
US11413575B2 (en) 2018-08-29 2022-08-16 Flsmidth A/S Method and apparatus for reduction of HCI emission from cement plants using cement raw meal as absorber

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