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WO2013048619A1 - Émetteur/récepteur de communications par ligne électrique - Google Patents

Émetteur/récepteur de communications par ligne électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013048619A1
WO2013048619A1 PCT/US2012/049222 US2012049222W WO2013048619A1 WO 2013048619 A1 WO2013048619 A1 WO 2013048619A1 US 2012049222 W US2012049222 W US 2012049222W WO 2013048619 A1 WO2013048619 A1 WO 2013048619A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
basedata
transmitter
ifft
repetition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2012/049222
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Handa Chen
Eiji Baba
Rui Zhang
Hung Nguyen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MegaChips Corp
Greenvity Communications Inc
Original Assignee
MegaChips Corp
Greenvity Communications Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MegaChips Corp, Greenvity Communications Inc filed Critical MegaChips Corp
Publication of WO2013048619A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013048619A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0071—Use of interleaving
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0041—Arrangements at the transmitter end
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/08—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by repeating transmission, e.g. Verdan system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0061—Error detection codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
    • H04L1/04—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using frequency diversity

Definitions

  • At least one embodiment of the present invention pertains to power line communication, and more particularly, to a power line communications transmitter and receiver.
  • a smart grid is a complex electricity network that covers electricity delivery and information exchange from energy suppliers to sub-stations, homes/buildings, and vice versa.
  • a local area network e.g., a home area network (HAN) connects or couples smart devices with a utility gateway (e.g., smart meter) or a service provider gateway (e.g., a router or a set-top box) and is quite important for the smart grid.
  • a utility gateway e.g., smart meter
  • a service provider gateway e.g., a router or a set-top box
  • ICT communication technology
  • wireless communications suffer intolerable attenuation of signal intensity caused by distances or impenetrable obstacles such as concrete walls. Relays have been attempted in the smart grid but are not really satisfactory because the relays themselves are also subject to the same attenuation. In addition, as the relays have to be awake most of the time and are usually powered by batteries, their battery life will be short.
  • a new transmitter and receiver may be required with increased robustness with decreased power consumption.
  • a transmitter comprises an interface configured to receive data; a scrambler configured to whiten the payload portion of received data; a CRC encoder configured to protect the PHR portion of received data, a convolutional encoder configured to provide error correction encoding to the whitened payload and CRC protected PHR data; a repetition interleaver logic configured to create diversity in the data; a mapping logic to map the diversified binary data to complex subcarriers to be IFFT; adding Gl logic configured to add a guard interval to the IFFTed symbol; preamble data logic configured to add preambles to the symbol sequence which consists of several IFFT symbols to form a frame or packet to be transmitted; and a DAC configured to convert the digital packet to an analog signal.
  • a method comprises: receiving data; whitening the payload portion; CRC protecting the PHR portion of the received data; convolutional error correction encoding the whitened payload data and the CRC protected PHR; creating diversity in the data; mapping the diversified data to subcarriers; adding a guard interval to the IFFT symbol; adding preambles to the symbol sequence to form a frame or packet; and converting the digital packet to an analog signal.
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram illustrating a transmitter.
  • Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating a receiver.
  • Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating a frame format.
  • Figure 4 is the simulated narrow band PLC noise waveform.
  • Figure 5 is a chart illustrating simulation results.
  • Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating a transmission technique according to an embodiment.
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram illustrating a transmitter 100.
  • Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) Modulation QPSK Modulation
  • FEC Forward Error Correction
  • Convolutional code of rate 1 ⁇ 2, repetition interleaver: x2 / x4 (normal/robust); data rate: 136 / 68/ kbps (normal/robust); and a 10bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) and a 10bit Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC).
  • ADC Analog-to-Digital Converter
  • DAC Digital-to-Analog Converter
  • a MUX 120 a convolutional encoder 125, a bit interleaver logic 130, a repetition circular interleaver logic 135, a mapping (QPSK) logic 140, an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) 145, an Adding Guard Interval logic (Gl) 150, preamble data logic 150, a MUX 160 and a digital to analog converter 165 each coupled to the next in the order recited except for the logic 155 which is only coupled to the MUX 160.
  • QPSK mapping
  • IFFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transform
  • Gl Guard Interval logic
  • the interface 1 10 receives a digital signal to be transmitted and can be communicatively coupled to a LED Controller/Driver through an AFE in one embodiment.
  • the scrambler 1 15 whitens payload data of the digital signal, the CRC encoder adds error check bits to the PHY header (PHR), and the MUX 120 combines the PHR with the whitened payload.
  • the convolutional encoder 125 provides for error correction encoding with code rate of 1/2 followed by a repetition interleaver.
  • the repetition and interleaving is more effective and less cost for short packet data than Reed-Solomon encoder, thus a Reed-Solomon encoder is not needed and can reduce cost.
  • the bit interleaver 130 and repetition interleaver logic 135, described further below, create diversity by sending multiple copies of data for robustness.
  • the mapping logic 140 maps data to subcarriers as will be described further below.
  • the IFFT 145 is 128p for reducing packet length. Shorter packet size enables sending data during the zero-cross period in one cycle of AC current to avoid large peak noise.
  • the Adding Gl logic 150 adds guard interval while the preamble data logic 155 adds known data for detection, synchronization and channel equalization.
  • the preamble 155 has low Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) suitable for automatic gain control (AGC) and is symmetrical and periodic for easier synchronization and will discussed in further detail below.
  • PAPR Peak-to-Average Power Ratio
  • AGC automatic gain control
  • the MUX 160 combines data from the Adding Gl logic 150 and the preamble data 150, which is then converted to analog for transmission by the DAC 165 to an AFE 170.
  • the mapping logic 140 maps data to subcarriers as shown in Table 1 below. Because the subcarrier spacing is 9.375kHz, the subcarrier interval of
  • tone#1 1 ⁇ tone#42 are just mapped to 103.125 ⁇ 393.75kHz.
  • repetition_x2 [basedata; circshift(basedata, 8)];
  • the output from repetition interleaver for x4 is
  • repetition_x4 [basedata; circshift(basedata,8); circshift(basedata, 8 * 2-2);
  • 'circshift' means circular shift, which shifts the basedata circularly left or right.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a receiver 200, which is the inverse of the transmitter. Accordingly, the components of the receiver 200 will not be described in detail to avoid repetition.
  • a Viterbi decoder 275 is the inverse of the convolutional encoder 125.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a frame format 300.
  • a data frame comprises a preamble (7 symbols in one embodiment), a PHR(4 symbols) (PHY header)and several payload symbols (fixed 8 symbols for normal mode and 16 symbols for robust mode.).
  • the command frame comprises a preamble (7 symbols) and a PHR.
  • the preamble comprises short training fields (SFT) and long training fields (LTF) without guard intervals.
  • the PHR and data include guard intervals.
  • the lengths of a frame or a packet are fixed to 3776, 2624 and 1472 samples for data frame of repetition 4, repetition 2 and command frame respectively.
  • the preamble is composed of 4 STF and 3 LTF.
  • STF is periodic in time domain suitable for synchronization.
  • LTF is the real part of the IFFT of a Pseudo-Random Binary Sequence (PRBS) used for channel estimation and FFT window location adjustment.
  • PRBS Pseudo-Random Binary Sequence
  • the time domain STF and LTF are obtained as follows:
  • Figure 4 is the narrow band PLC channel noise modeled by Masaaki Katayama et al.
  • the mean power of the narrow band PLC noise is calculated over 24000 samples corresponding to 20ms, and is set to -8dB. Setting the narrow band PLC noise as a floor noise, the PER performance is confirmed by placing the packet (robust mode, 3.1 ms) at the zero-crossing position and peak position respectively.
  • Figure 5 shows the PER comparison for packets transmission at a different timing.
  • the local mean power at the zero-crossing position is less than that at the peak position, and thus the PER performance of the packets at the zero-crossing position is better than those at the peak position. If the data packet is short enough to be transmitted within the silent interval; it will be less damaged by the peak noise.
  • Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating a transmission technique 600 according to an embodiment.
  • data to transmit is received (610) by the MAC/PHY interface 100.
  • the received data is then whitened (620) by the scrambler 1 15.
  • the whitened data is then convolutionally encoded (630).
  • the bit interleaver 130 and repetition logic 135 then create (640) diversity by sending multiple copies of the data for robustness as described above.
  • the mapping logic 140 maps (650) the data to subcarriers per Table I.
  • IFFT logic 145 then performs (660) an inverse fast Fourier transform.
  • the Adding Gl logic 150 and Preamble Data logic 155 then add (670) a Gl and preamble data (Tables II and III) respectively.
  • the DAC 165 then converts (680) the data to analog for transmission and the technique 600 ends.
  • ASICs application-specific integrated circuits
  • PLDs programmable logic devices
  • FPGAs field-programmable gate arrays
  • Software or firmware to implement the techniques introduced here may be stored on a machine-readable storage medium and may be executed by one or more general-purpose or special-purpose programmable microprocessors.
  • machine-readable medium includes any mechanism that can store information in a form accessible by a machine (a machine may be, for example, a computer, network device, cellular phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), manufacturing tool, any device with one or more processors, etc.).
  • a machine-accessible medium includes recordable/non-recordable media (e.g., read-only memory (ROM); random access memory (RAM); magnetic disk storage media; optical storage media; flash memory devices; etc.), etc.
  • logic means: a) special-purpose hardwired circuitry, such as one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other similar device(s); b) programmable circuitry programmed with software and/or firmware, such as one or more programmed general-purpose microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and/or microcontrollers, or other similar device(s); or c) a combination of the forms mentioned in a) and b).
  • ASICs application-specific integrated circuits
  • PLDs programmable logic devices
  • FPGAs field programmable gate arrays
  • firmware such as one or more programmed general-purpose microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and/or microcontrollers, or other similar device(s); or c) a combination of the forms mentioned in a) and b).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Error Detection And Correction (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur un émetteur comprenant une interface configurée de façon à recevoir des données, un embrouilleur configuré de façon à blanchir les données reçues, un codeur convolutionnel configuré de façon à fournir une correction d'erreur pour les données blanchies, une logique d'entrelaceur de répétition configurée de façon à créer une diversité dans les données, une logique de mappage destinée à mapper les données diversifiées vers des sous-porteuses, l'ajout d'une logique de GI configurée de façon à ajouter un intervalle de garde au symbole IFFT, une logique de données de préambule configurée de façon à ajouter des préambules aux symboles IFFT afin de construire une trame transmise et un DAC configuré de façon à convertir les trames vers un signal analogique.
PCT/US2012/049222 2011-09-29 2012-08-01 Émetteur/récepteur de communications par ligne électrique Ceased WO2013048619A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201161541073P 2011-09-29 2011-09-29
US61/541,073 2011-09-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013048619A1 true WO2013048619A1 (fr) 2013-04-04

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106500739A (zh) * 2016-11-18 2017-03-15 威科达（东莞）智能控制有限公司 一种与绝对值编码器通信的方法
US20220006491A1 (en) * 2020-07-01 2022-01-06 Sagemcom Energy & Telecom Sas Method for transmission in a plurality of frequency bands between two neighbouring devices of a network

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7012911B2 (en) * 2001-05-31 2006-03-14 Qualcomm Inc. Method and apparatus for W-CDMA modulation
US20080184088A1 (en) * 2007-01-30 2008-07-31 Via Telecom, Inc. System and method for encoding and decoding in wireless communication systems
US20100313098A1 (en) * 2008-02-05 2010-12-09 Young Sub Lee Method for transmitting control information in wireless communication system

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7012911B2 (en) * 2001-05-31 2006-03-14 Qualcomm Inc. Method and apparatus for W-CDMA modulation
US20080184088A1 (en) * 2007-01-30 2008-07-31 Via Telecom, Inc. System and method for encoding and decoding in wireless communication systems
US20100313098A1 (en) * 2008-02-05 2010-12-09 Young Sub Lee Method for transmitting control information in wireless communication system

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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Title
ERDF-ELECTRICITÉ RÉSEAU DISTRIBUTION FRANCE: "G3 PLC Physical Layer Specification", August 2009 (2009-08-01), pages 1 - 46, XP007921126, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://ebookbrowse.com/g3-plc-physical-layer-specification-pdf-d24927146> [retrieved on 20121009] *
KAVEH RAZAZIAN ET AL: "Error correction mechanism in the new G3-PLC specification for powerline communication", POWER LINE COMMUNICATIONS AND ITS APPLICATIONS (ISPLC), 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON, IEEE, PISCATAWAY, NJ, USA, 28 March 2010 (2010-03-28), pages 50 - 55, XP031686476, ISBN: 978-1-4244-5009-1 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106500739A (zh) * 2016-11-18 2017-03-15 威科达（东莞）智能控制有限公司 一种与绝对值编码器通信的方法
CN106500739B (zh) * 2016-11-18 2019-01-25 威科达（东莞）智能控制有限公司 一种与绝对值编码器通信的方法
US20220006491A1 (en) * 2020-07-01 2022-01-06 Sagemcom Energy & Telecom Sas Method for transmission in a plurality of frequency bands between two neighbouring devices of a network
US12166539B2 (en) * 2020-07-01 2024-12-10 Sagemcom Energy & Telecom Sas Method for transmission in a plurality of frequency bands between two neighbouring devices of a network

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