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WO2012038510A2 - Réacteur et procédé de gazéification - Google Patents

Réacteur et procédé de gazéification Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012038510A2
WO2012038510A2 PCT/EP2011/066527 EP2011066527W WO2012038510A2 WO 2012038510 A2 WO2012038510 A2 WO 2012038510A2 EP 2011066527 W EP2011066527 W EP 2011066527W WO 2012038510 A2 WO2012038510 A2 WO 2012038510A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
skirt portion
upper section
rappers
gasification
gasification reactor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2011/066527
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2012038510A3 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Paul Von Kossak-Glowczewski
Joachim Papendick
Hans Christian Thul
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Original Assignee
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV filed Critical Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Priority to JP2013529654A priority Critical patent/JP2013540859A/ja
Priority to CN2011800455815A priority patent/CN103119134A/zh
Priority to KR1020137010272A priority patent/KR20130109146A/ko
Priority to EP11761346.3A priority patent/EP2619290A2/fr
Priority to US13/825,457 priority patent/US20130320266A1/en
Priority to AU2011306923A priority patent/AU2011306923A1/en
Publication of WO2012038510A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012038510A2/fr
Publication of WO2012038510A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012038510A3/fr
Priority to ZA2013/02036A priority patent/ZA201302036B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
    • C10J3/487—Swirling or cyclonic gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/52—Ash-removing devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/52—Ash-removing devices
    • C10J3/526—Ash-removing devices for entrained flow gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • C10J3/76—Water jackets; Steam boiler-jackets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G7/00—Cleaning by vibration or pressure waves
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/09—Mechanical details of gasifiers not otherwise provided for, e.g. sealing means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gasification reactor and a process for the production of syngas by
  • the reactor comprises a pressure vessel encasing a gasifier unit and a slag collection bath.
  • Synthetic gas, or syngas is produced by gasification of carbonaceous feedstock, such as pulverized coal.
  • the carbonaceous feed is partially oxidised in a gasifier unit by a plurality of burners extending into the gasifier.
  • the produced syngas contains slag particles and fly ash as by ⁇ products. Slag particles whirl down into the slag collection bath, which typically contains water and is provided with an outlet for the removal of used water and collected slag. Part of the slag particles form deposits on the inner wall
  • the object of the invention is to reduce the risk of blockage of the outlet of the slag collection bath, and to be able to use gasification reactors for a broader range of coal types.
  • the object is achieved with a gasification reactor for the production of syngas by gasification of a
  • the gasification reactor comprises a pressure vessel encasing a gasifier unit with a reactor chamber having its lower end opening into an open-ended skirt portion arranged above a slag collection bath, wherein the skirt portion is arranged within the impacting scope of one or more rappers .
  • rappers are typically used for removing fouling that does not fall off by itself. In this case, rappers are not required for slag removal since the slag deposits do fall down under their own weight from the skirt portion.
  • the size of the slag deposits can be controlled and be kept small enough to prevent blockage of the slag collection bath discharge. This way, the gasification reactor can be used for a broader range of carbonaceous feed types, including coal types producing high slag contents.
  • the skirt portion can for instance have a narrowing upper section narrowing down in upward direction, with the wider part of the skirt portion situated towards the slag bath.
  • Such a section forms a particularly suitable spot for rapping, since the largest slag deposits are collected at the inner surface of that location.
  • the skirt portion may comprise a tubular, e.g., cylindrical lower section arranged within the impacting scope of the one or more rappers.
  • the upper section and/or other parts of the skirt portion can be built of parallel coolant conduits interconnected to form a gastight membrane.
  • the coolant can for instance be water.
  • the skirt portion can, e.g., wholly or partly be made of one or more plates, the skirt portion comprising an outer surface provided with one or more coolant channels .
  • anvil plates can be provided on the outer surface of the skirt portion in the impacting scope of one or more of the rappers.
  • the rappers can for example extend through the wall of the pressure vessel. This enhances accessibility of the rappers for maintenance and repair.
  • the rappers can for example comprise a housing extending from the outer surface of the pressure vessel, a striker rod having one end slideably supported by an opening in the housing and one end contacting the anvil plate, and an activatable impacting device having a rammer head movable in line with the striker rod between a distal position at a distance from the striker rod, and an impacting position in which it impacts the striker rod.
  • Suitable rappers are for instance rappers of the type disclosed in WO 2010/063752 or WO 2010/063755.
  • the skirt portion can be provided with a refractory liner, but to improve impact resistance against the rappers impact a refractory liner can be omitted.
  • the skirt portion will show rotational symmetry, e.g., having a cylindrical lower section and a conical upper section, but other suitable tubular
  • the upper section of the skirt portion can be conical, or it can have any other narrowing geometry, if so desired.
  • the one or more rappers can be activated to rap with a desired frequency.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically a longitudinal cross section of a gasification reactor according to the present invention
  • FIG. 1 shows in detailed cross section the rapper of the reactor in Figure 1.
  • FIG. 1 shows a gasification reactor 1 for the production of syngas by partial combustion of a carbonaceous feed, in particular pulverized coal.
  • the gasification reactor 1 comprises a gasifier unit 2 in a vertically oriented elongated pressure vessel 3.
  • the gasifier unit 2 comprises a reactor chamber 2A and a skirt portion 2B.
  • the reactor chamber 2A has a lower end 4 narrowing down to an opening 5 which opens into the space surrounded by the skirt portion 2B, and an open upper end 6 forming an outlet for the syngas, which can be further transported to, e.g., a cooler.
  • the skirt portion 2B comprises a cylindrical lower section 8 arranged above a slag collection bath 7 and a conical upper section 9 narrowing down in upward direction to fence the opening 5, such that the top end of conical upper section 9 is narrower at the connection point with the lower end of the reactor chamber 2A than the bottom portion of upper conical section 9.
  • the skirt portion 2B is built of helically wound conduits 34 (see Figure 2) for transporting a cooling liquid, such as water.
  • the conduits 34 are interconnected to form a gastight membrane.
  • the skirt portion can be made of one or more plates comprising coolant channels on its outer surface.
  • the slag bath 7 comprises a cylindrical housing 11 encasing a conical funnel 12 narrowing down to a slag
  • the skirt portion 2B is not provided with a refractory liner.
  • a refractory liner can be used, if so desired .
  • a plurality of burners 14 extend into the reactor chamber 2A to supply a mixture of pulverized coal, oxygen and steam. This mixture is ignited for partial combustion to produce synthetic gas, or syngas, with slag and fly ash as by-products.
  • the syngas flows upward towards the opening 6.
  • the freshly produced syngas contains slag particles.
  • the larger, heavier parts fall down into the slag collection bath 7.
  • Part of the hot syngas swirls down via the opening 5 into the space enclosed by the skirt 2B. This creates a turbulence within the skirt 2B.
  • the cylindrical section 8 and the conical upper section 9 of the skirt 2B are cooled by a liquid coolant circulating through the conduits forming the skirt 2B.
  • Syngas swirling within the space enclosed by the skirt portion 2B flows along the cooled surfaces 8, 9.
  • the syngas cools down and leaves deposits of solidified slag particles on the cooled membrane of the skirt 2B. Once the deposits have grown sufficiently heavy, they fall down from the cooled membrane of the skirt 2B into the slag collection bath 7. To remove the collected slag, the slag collection bath 7 is regularly emptied by opening the slag discharge 13.
  • the conical upper section 9 of the skirt 2B is impacted by a rapper 15, which is shown in more detail in Figure 2.
  • the rapper 15 may for instance impact the cylindrical section 8 of the skirt portion 2B. It is also possible to combine rappers 15
  • the rapper 15 extends through the wall of the pressure vessel 3.
  • the rapper 15 comprises an impact device 16 attached to a housing 17 on the wall of the pressure vessel 3.
  • the housing 17 comprises a first flanged bus 18 branching off from the wall of the pressure vessel wall 3.
  • the bus 18 comprises a flange 19 connected to a top flange 20 defining a passage opening 21 for a striker rod 22.
  • In line with the passage opening 21 is a cylindrical spacer 23.
  • the spacer 23 carries the impact device 16 which has a rammer head 24 in line with the striker rod 22 and opposite a free end 25 of the striker rod 22.
  • the striker rod 22 comprises an end 26 engaging an anvil plate 27.
  • the anvil plate 27 has one side 27A following the outer surface of the skirt portion 2B, and an opposite side 27B with a vertical flat surface engaging the end 26 of striker rod 19.
  • the striker rod 22 runs though a cylindrical support member 28 within the pressure vessel 3.
  • the cylindrical support member 28 has one end closed with an end wall 29 with a central opening 30 in which the striker rod 22 is slideably supported.
  • the opposite second end of the cylindrical support member 28 is connected to the top flange 20 in a gastight manner .
  • the cylindrical support 28 encloses an inner space 31 which is in open connection to a sealing gas supply channel 32 which is operatively connected to a sealing gas supply 33.
  • an inert sealing gas such as nitrogen
  • the pressure within the pressure vessel 3 is substantially higher than atmospheric.
  • a force is exerted on the striker rod 22 to push it out of the pressure vessel 3 via the passage opening 21.
  • the sealing gas is supplied to the cylindrical support 28 under overpressure, to produce a counterforce on the striker rod 22.
  • the overpressure can be such that the striker rod 22 is firmly pressed against the anvil plate 27.
  • the impact device 16 can be actuated to knock with its knocker head 24 with a certain impact force onto the end of the striker rod 22.
  • the striker rod 22 passes the impact load via the anvil plate 27 to the conical upper section 9. The shock load loosens the slag deposits which fall down into the slag collection bath 7.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Industrial Gases (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un réacteur de gazéification (1) pour la production de gaz de synthèse par gazéification d'une charge carbonée. Le réacteur de gazéification comprend un récipient sous pression (3) enfermant une unité de gazéification (2) comprenant une chambre de réacteur (2A), dont l'extrémité inférieure s'ouvre dans une partie jupe à extrémité ouverte (2B) agencée au-dessus d'un bain de collecte de scories (7). La partie jupe (2B) est agencée dans la portée d'impact d'un ou de plusieurs dispositifs de frappe (15).
PCT/EP2011/066527 2010-09-23 2011-09-22 Réacteur et procédé de gazéification Ceased WO2012038510A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2013529654A JP2013540859A (ja) 2010-09-23 2011-09-22 ガス化反応器及びプロセス
CN2011800455815A CN103119134A (zh) 2010-09-23 2011-09-22 气化反应器和方法
KR1020137010272A KR20130109146A (ko) 2010-09-23 2011-09-22 가스화 반응기 및 가스화 방법
EP11761346.3A EP2619290A2 (fr) 2010-09-23 2011-09-22 Réacteur et procédé de gazéification
US13/825,457 US20130320266A1 (en) 2010-09-23 2011-09-22 Gasification reactor and process
AU2011306923A AU2011306923A1 (en) 2010-09-23 2011-09-22 Gasification reactor and process
ZA2013/02036A ZA201302036B (en) 2010-09-23 2013-03-18 Gasification reactor and process

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10178625 2010-09-23
EP10178625.9 2010-09-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012038510A2 true WO2012038510A2 (fr) 2012-03-29
WO2012038510A3 WO2012038510A3 (fr) 2012-05-18

Family

ID=43568211

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2011/066527 Ceased WO2012038510A2 (fr) 2010-09-23 2011-09-22 Réacteur et procédé de gazéification

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20130320266A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2619290A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2013540859A (fr)
KR (1) KR20130109146A (fr)
CN (1) CN103119134A (fr)
AU (1) AU2011306923A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012038510A2 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201302036B (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014113653B4 (de) * 2014-09-22 2025-07-03 Choren Industrietechnik GmbH Reaktor zur Flugstromvergasung von kohlenstoffhaltigen Brennstoffen
CN111256099B (zh) * 2018-11-30 2021-11-30 川崎重工业株式会社 废热回收锅炉

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010063755A1 (fr) 2008-12-02 2010-06-10 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Dispositif heurtoir
WO2010063752A1 (fr) 2008-12-02 2010-06-10 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Dispositif heurtoir

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1088818C (zh) * 1993-10-25 2002-08-07 邓和平 一种燃料燃烧方法及使用该方法的燃烧器
JP2941626B2 (ja) * 1993-12-09 1999-08-25 三菱重工業株式会社 石炭ガス化炉の槌打装置
JP3657198B2 (ja) * 2001-01-26 2005-06-08 川崎重工業株式会社 石炭ガス化炉における熱交換器伝熱面のダスト払い落とし装置
WO2006053905A1 (fr) * 2004-11-22 2006-05-26 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Appareil pour gazeifier un combustible
CN101605877B (zh) * 2007-09-04 2013-08-21 国际壳牌研究有限公司 骤冷转炉
US20110112347A1 (en) * 2008-04-24 2011-05-12 Van Den Berg Robert Process to prepare an olefin-containing product or a gasoline product

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010063755A1 (fr) 2008-12-02 2010-06-10 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Dispositif heurtoir
WO2010063752A1 (fr) 2008-12-02 2010-06-10 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Dispositif heurtoir

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103119134A (zh) 2013-05-22
JP2013540859A (ja) 2013-11-07
KR20130109146A (ko) 2013-10-07
EP2619290A2 (fr) 2013-07-31
WO2012038510A3 (fr) 2012-05-18
ZA201302036B (en) 2013-11-27
US20130320266A1 (en) 2013-12-05
AU2011306923A1 (en) 2013-04-11

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