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WO2012027805A1 - Module de chambre de combustion pour masse solide granulée - Google Patents

Module de chambre de combustion pour masse solide granulée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012027805A1
WO2012027805A1 PCT/BR2010/000286 BR2010000286W WO2012027805A1 WO 2012027805 A1 WO2012027805 A1 WO 2012027805A1 BR 2010000286 W BR2010000286 W BR 2010000286W WO 2012027805 A1 WO2012027805 A1 WO 2012027805A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
module
grid
holes
air
combustion chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/BR2010/000286
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English (en)
Inventor
Thierry Constant Eddy François GAUTHIER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2012027805A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012027805A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B60/00—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel burns essentially without moving
    • F23B60/02—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel burns essentially without moving with combustion air supplied through a grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H3/00—Grates with hollow bars
    • F23H3/02—Grates with hollow bars internally cooled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B2103/00—Adaptation of combustion apparatus for placement in or against an opening of a boiler, e.g. for replacing an oil burner

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a burner module for pelletized solid fuel, comprising an open flame combustion chamber, endowed with a bed of cylindrical tubes longitudinally drilled and arranged in a inclined grid shape.
  • the tubes are inflated with air from a tangential discharge turbine, it forming on the grid, via air flow through holes arranged in line along the tubes, an air mattress able to keep the burned fuel material upwards suspended on minimally fluidized bed, while new combustible material is restored on the grid vertically and downward, it forming, together with the action of a horizontal airstream coming from a division of the airflow from the turbine, a continuous circulation movement and replacement of combustion material.
  • the combustor module according to the invention allows even the use of pellets of several renewable organic materials with an optimized exploitation of its calorific power, reducing the undesired effects on the environment in terms of gas and combustion waste.
  • the present invention relates to the fields of mechanical engineering and chemistry, especially in thermodynamic cycles and thermal exploitation of biomass.
  • Open combustion systems for calorific energy generation are widely used around the world, since the earliest times and in several application situations, such as steam generation in boilers, heating of equipment for drying purposes, heating of shaping devices, of ovens, of environments and for general fluids heating.
  • the power demanded by the application, as well as issues relate to the generation cost per kW, the availability and , in more current terms, the environment, the renewability and economic, social, and environmental sustainability, determine the ideal type of burner equipment and the fuel nature to be used.
  • solid natural fuels in application and constant improvement, stand out the sugarcane bagasse and elephant grass, husks of grains, of fruits, of leguminous, of oleaginous, and of trees, corn husk and corn fiber, reforested wood, sawdust, among others, existing them available in various forms, one being the dry form, crushed and compacted, known as briquettes, or it granulated version, the pellets.
  • the energetic scope basically formed by the matrix which comprises pellets of biomass as a fuel, and burner of open flame as heat energy exploiter, it is necessary to evaluate it in more detail and discretion.
  • both the quality of the burn as the internal flow of waste are not ideal, existing a surplus of ash and unburned material not removed at each cycle and mixed with new material fed cyclically, which greatly reduces the generated power, causing partial and also cyclical disruption in combustion and demanding the constant ignition of the fuel, due to the increase of activation energy to be transposed into each new start of burning, having the need to sustain the burning by auxiliary and expensive means, such as gas pilot lights or even electric resistance.
  • Combustor module for pelletized solid mass in order to solve the problems related to the current state of the art, presents an optimized solution to the increase of exploitation of heat power of compressed and granulated biomass, generating thermal energy by combustion at economically attractive cost per kWh (or kJ or kcal) produced, based on the following premises:
  • A) provide a compact combustor module with generating capacity superior to the similar available of equal dimension, amplifying the range of applications and enabling use in industrial systems for medium and large;
  • F provide a compact combustor module provided with a furnace capable of carrying out the burning of dry or partially humidified pelletized material, without resulting in significant losses of yield.
  • the subject of the present invention is based on several mechanical, thermodynamic and chemical principles, in addition to practical results of exhaustive testing of functional prototypes, housing the fundamental issue in the optimization of internal flows of the combustion chamber.
  • the subministration of air for combustion and for flame projection is made through a tangential discharge turbine, and the air drive must have a driver circuit provided with bifurcations for perfect administration of the dosage required for each stage of burning.
  • the presence of ash as well as unburned or badly burned material is a huge impediment to the process yield, and is avoided according to the invention by introducing into the grid a minimally fluidized bed, allowing to maintain part of the ash in suspension close to the surface of the grid and other part permeating through the gaps or sliding over the inclined grid, i. e., keeping the waste material in continuous motion and removing it from the chamber.
  • the suspension of part of the ash is obtained through small diameter holes arranged along the tubular elements of the grid. Part of the air from the air turbine is diverted to the interior of the grid tubes, closed at the opposite end of the air supply, forcing the passage of air flow through the orifices of the holes, creating an air mattress.
  • the invention provides that the inclination of the grid is upward toward the flame discharge, forcing the sliding of the ash to the top of the grid and then to the accumulator box, located at the bottom of the chamber.
  • the intermittent loading of fresh fuel should occur in perfect synchrony with the completion of the burning of the previous load, being the new load dumped inside the combustion chamber, it mixing with some of the ash in suspension and forcing it down and between the gaps on the grid, configured to prevent passage of granules.
  • the present combustor module for pelletized solid mass provides a compact burner unit for pelletized plant biomass fuel of high performance, flexible to the type of vegetable fuel used, with a structure of simple configuration, maintenance and assembly, confirming its novelty, inventive activity and industrial application.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic perspective rear view of the module, object of the present, evidencing its major component elements
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic perspective front view of the module, object of the present, evidencing the cylindrical combustion chamber and the tubular grid;
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic rear view of the air diffuser box, evidencing the holes, the arrangement of the grid tubes and deflector plate of the fuel feed;
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic perspective lower front view of the module object of the present, evidencing the combustion chamber and its internal components;
  • Fig. 5 shows schematic perspective lower rear view of the combustion chamber and the central flange face, without the tubular grid, showing a lower opening for ash disposal;
  • Fig. 6 shows a schematic perspective superior front view of the grid of the combustion chamber, evidencing the arrangement of holes of the grid tubes as well as the orientation of the centers of them toward the center of an imaginary semi-ellipsoid formed by the interconnection of the central lines of said sequential holes, also evidencing, in magnifying glass effect, the space between the tubes of the grid;
  • Fig. 7 shows a schematic partial side view of an example of coupling and installation of the module object of the present invention in a pre-existing thermal unit, evidencing the flexibility of the proposed modularity.
  • Combustor module for pelletized solid mass, object of the present invention is constituted by a combustor module (1) provided of an air diffuser box (2) and a cylindrical combustion chamber (3), joined together and having a central flange face (4) which outer perimeter edge (4a) is provided with a geometric configuration that allows the fixation of the combustor module (1 ) by screws (PF) in heating units of thermodynamic systems, i.e., in thermal units (UT), pre-existing and already installed ones or belonging to new projects and units.
  • PF fixation of the combustor module (1 ) by screws (PF) in heating units of thermodynamic systems, i.e., in thermal units (UT), pre-existing and already installed ones or belonging to new projects and units.
  • the air diffuser box (2) has a turbine (2a) of tangential discharge provided at its rear part, attached to an engine (2b) mounted on a support platform (2c), in that the turbine (2a) insufflates air captured from external environment to the inside of the diffuser box (2) through an intake duct (2d), being the volume of air directed into the cylindrical chamber (3) through several air intakes of the central flange face (4).
  • the cylindrical combustion chamber (3) is formed by an outer mantle
  • the central flange face (4) has in its upper inner part a crown of holes (4b) for the forming and directing of the flame, which central hole (4c) coincides with the central axis of the cylindrical chamber (3), in addition to side holes (4d) for the feeding of air from the annular space formed by outer mantle (3a) and inner mantle (3b) of the combustion chamber (3).
  • a deflector plate (4e) for the regulation of the fuel fed through the feeding pipe (2e), causing a turbulent insertion of the solid material to the inside of the combustion chamber (3).
  • Attached to the flanged face (4) are the tubes (5a) of the grid (5), provided with holes (5b), aligned and strung along the tubes (5a), being radially arranged and provided with its central line pointing towards the origin center (5c) of the imaginary semi-ellipsoid (5d) formed by the interconnection of the sequential central lines (5e) of the holes (5b) in the tubes (5a) of the grid (5).
  • Said grid (5) has its tubes (5a) aligned towards the flame exit (3d), being its central axes parallel to each other or forming small angles between each other, as the grid (5) is inclined upwardly towards the flame exit (3d), forming an inclined and rounded burning bed.
  • the gaps (5f) between the tubes (5a) of the grid (5) must always be smaller than the minimum diameter of the pellet material, standardized and previously notified by the pellets manufacturer to allow the passage of the ashes and their fall, by gravity, to the interior of an ashes compartment to be disposed under the lower opening (3e) of the cylindrical chamber (3), and this lower opening (3e) may be provided with a service cover (3f).
  • the fresh fuel material is introduced into the chamber (3) through the feeding pipe (2e), passing through the deflector plate (4e) and being blown on the minimal fluidization bed, said bed formed on the curved surface of the grid (5) due to the air stream from the holes (5b) of the tubes (5a) in upstream and moved toward the origin center (5c) of the holes (5b).
  • the combustion chamber (3) is reloaded, replacing pelletized material that will fall over the region of the grid (5) and over the suspended ashes on the air stream of the holes (5b) of the tubes (5a) of the grid (5), while the air streams described above are responsible for maintaining active air flow and steady flame.
  • a combined flow of air, fresh material and ashes is formed, allowing both uniform burning of subministered fresh material as constant discarding of integrally burned material, as well as maintaining uninterrupted the flame directed to the outer of the chamber (3) and into the inside of the thermal unit to be heated.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur un module de brûleur (1) qui comprend une boîte de diffusion d'air (2), une chambre de combustion cylindrique (3), une face centrale à rebord (4) et une grille tubulaire, et qui, sous la forme d'un ensemble modulaire monobloc et compact, permet de porter au maximum l'exploitation du pouvoir calorifique de divers matériaux solides granulés, y compris les matières organiques et qui présentent une teneur en cendres supérieure à 1 %, grâce à l'optimisation des flux intérieurs formés d'air, de matières combustibles et de flux de matières brûlées dans un mouvement continu de circulation et de remplacement d'éléments, permettant d'obtenir une élimination efficace de toute la cendre produite pendant la combustion par percolation entre les interstices de la matière neuve et la grille (5), opérant dans un lit très peu fluidisé, formant une flamme projetée formée de cendre, d'étincelles et de matière combustible non brûlée ou partiellement brûlée, permettant ainsi d'obtenir des cycles de combustion intermittents possédant un plus grand rendement, et une plus grande puissance finale produite, une meilleure stabilité du processus et la réduction directe des effets indésirables sur l'environnement en termes de gaz et de résidus de combustion.
PCT/BR2010/000286 2009-09-01 2010-09-01 Module de chambre de combustion pour masse solide granulée Ceased WO2012027805A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BRC10903727A BRPI0903727E2 (pt) 2009-09-01 2009-09-01 módulo combustor de massa sólida pelletizada
BRPI0903727-6 2010-09-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012027805A1 true WO2012027805A1 (fr) 2012-03-08

Family

ID=43799638

Family Applications (1)

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PCT/BR2010/000286 Ceased WO2012027805A1 (fr) 2009-09-01 2010-09-01 Module de chambre de combustion pour masse solide granulée

Country Status (2)

Country Link
BR (1) BRPI0903727E2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012027805A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2662622A1 (fr) * 2012-05-11 2013-11-13 Perfecto Forte Jimenez Brûleur de biomasse avec une grille panier amovible
WO2014006564A1 (fr) * 2012-07-02 2014-01-09 TEDESCO BARCELOS, Daniela Brûleur

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4368723A (en) * 1980-03-11 1983-01-18 Biro Ernoe Heating apparatus for burning lumpy fuels, first of all to meet the _heat demand of family homes and individual flats, or a small group of them
WO2001022003A1 (fr) * 1999-09-24 2001-03-29 Oy Ht Engineering Ltd Bruleur pour la combustion de combustible solide, notamment sous forme de granules
WO2002079693A1 (fr) * 2001-03-29 2002-10-10 Oy Ht Engineering Ltd Bruleur de granules
BRPI0400436A (pt) 2004-03-18 2004-09-08 Decio Cordova Ferreira Queimador aquatubular de biomassa com grelhas móveis para caldeiras
WO2004111535A1 (fr) * 2003-06-19 2004-12-23 Ht Lasertekniikka Oy Bruleur destine a des boulettes
BRMU8702268U (pt) 2007-12-07 2008-08-05 Lima Racy Gisela De queimador de biomassa
DE20321670U1 (de) * 2002-04-09 2008-10-23 Termocabi S.R.L., Pieve S. Giacomo Brenner für Pelletbrennstoff
WO2009019569A2 (fr) * 2007-08-03 2009-02-12 Termocabi Srl Dispositif d'élimination des matériaux résiduels agglomérés générés par la combustion de boulettes ou de combustible solide en général

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4368723A (en) * 1980-03-11 1983-01-18 Biro Ernoe Heating apparatus for burning lumpy fuels, first of all to meet the _heat demand of family homes and individual flats, or a small group of them
WO2001022003A1 (fr) * 1999-09-24 2001-03-29 Oy Ht Engineering Ltd Bruleur pour la combustion de combustible solide, notamment sous forme de granules
WO2002079693A1 (fr) * 2001-03-29 2002-10-10 Oy Ht Engineering Ltd Bruleur de granules
DE20321670U1 (de) * 2002-04-09 2008-10-23 Termocabi S.R.L., Pieve S. Giacomo Brenner für Pelletbrennstoff
WO2004111535A1 (fr) * 2003-06-19 2004-12-23 Ht Lasertekniikka Oy Bruleur destine a des boulettes
BRPI0400436A (pt) 2004-03-18 2004-09-08 Decio Cordova Ferreira Queimador aquatubular de biomassa com grelhas móveis para caldeiras
WO2009019569A2 (fr) * 2007-08-03 2009-02-12 Termocabi Srl Dispositif d'élimination des matériaux résiduels agglomérés générés par la combustion de boulettes ou de combustible solide en général
BRMU8702268U (pt) 2007-12-07 2008-08-05 Lima Racy Gisela De queimador de biomassa

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2662622A1 (fr) * 2012-05-11 2013-11-13 Perfecto Forte Jimenez Brûleur de biomasse avec une grille panier amovible
WO2014006564A1 (fr) * 2012-07-02 2014-01-09 TEDESCO BARCELOS, Daniela Brûleur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BRPI0903727B1 (pt) 2014-02-04
BRPI0903727A2 (pt) 2011-05-17
BRPI0903727E2 (pt) 2018-10-09

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