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WO2004111535A1 - Bruleur destine a des boulettes - Google Patents

Bruleur destine a des boulettes Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2004111535A1
WO2004111535A1 PCT/FI2004/050094 FI2004050094W WO2004111535A1 WO 2004111535 A1 WO2004111535 A1 WO 2004111535A1 FI 2004050094 W FI2004050094 W FI 2004050094W WO 2004111535 A1 WO2004111535 A1 WO 2004111535A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
combustion
pipe
burner
combustion pipe
pellets
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FI2004/050094
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Vesa Hakala
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HT LASERTEKNIIKKA Oy
Original Assignee
HT LASERTEKNIIKKA Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HT LASERTEKNIIKKA Oy filed Critical HT LASERTEKNIIKKA Oy
Priority to EP04742244A priority Critical patent/EP1644664A1/fr
Publication of WO2004111535A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004111535A1/fr
Priority to FI20050421U priority patent/FI6995U1/fi
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B50/00—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone
    • F23B50/12—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone the fuel being fed to the combustion zone by free fall or by sliding along inclined surfaces, e.g. from a conveyor terminating above the fuel bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B60/00—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel burns essentially without moving
    • F23B60/02—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel burns essentially without moving with combustion air supplied through a grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/10—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses
    • F23G7/105—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses of wood waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion 
    • F23L1/02—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion  by discharging the air below the fire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/02—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air above the fire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2208/00—Safety aspects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/50206—Pelletising waste before combustion

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a burner for pellets, which includes - an essentially horizontal combustion head, which can be installed in an opening in the wall of the firebox and which includes a combustion pipe and a surrounding jacket together with the jacket space between them, and in which the combustion pipe has perforations in the area of the jacket space, and a flange surrounding the combustion head, which is set to cover the said opening in the firebox wall, :and - a pressure chamber pressurized by a fan and located outside of the flange when viewed from the firebox, and which is connected to the said jacket space, in order to lead air to the combustion pipe through the jacket space and the perforations, and a feed channel connected to the front end of the combustion pipe and led in from above, for leading pellets to the combustion pipe by gravity, and a front wall to the combustion pipe, with openings located in it, for leading air from the pressure chamber to the front end of the combustion pipe.
  • a pellet is an about 8-mm thick pressed piece of cutter chips or wood sanding dust, compressed at high pressure, which can be used as fuel. No additives are used in a pellet. In this case, the term pellet must be understood more generally as coarse granular solid fuel.
  • pellet burner series The operating environment of a pellet burner series is energy production.
  • a pellet burner is intended to produce heat in detached houses and in larger buildings, as well as in district-heating plants.
  • Patent publications US 5070798, US 5269233, and WO 01/22003 disclose various burners for pellets. Generally, these have a feed screw, or some other mechanical feed device, for feeding pellets to the combustion end of the burner, which protrudes deeply into the firebox. However, such a feed device is in danger of leading the combustion backwards.
  • the mechanisms are so complex that they are not economically viable in the low output range (output range 0 - 20 kW) .
  • Publication WO 00/75563 discloses a pellet burner construction that is simpler that the above, and which is also intended to achieve better combustion than previously.
  • the fuel is dropped down a relatively high pipe to the combustion pipe, the lower part of which forms a flange structure. Air is blown from the flange to the ignition core through angled gaps in the base plate.
  • the combustion head is always limited in length, to allow sufficient space to remain in the firebox between the combustion head and the opposite wall.
  • the fuel feed pipe is completely airtight, but the slanting structure leads to fuel unavoidably remaining in the lower part of the pipe, where its combustion heats the front part of the burner unnecessarily. This leads to a danger of back combustion.
  • the combustion head can be relatively long, as its front part extends outside the flange.
  • the pipe acting as the feed channel is cooled by air fed from the pressure chamber, which is directed to the area of an internal cone in the pipe. This keeps the fuel feed pipe cold.
  • the front wall of the combustion pipe slants and the feed channel connection in the combustion pipe is above this.
  • Figure 1 shows a side view of the burner in partial cross- section
  • Figure 2 shows an axonometric view of the main components of the burner, with the protective jacket removed
  • Figure 3 shows a top view of the main components of the burner, 15 ' . without the drop pipe,
  • Figure 4 shows an exploded view of the main components of the burner
  • Figure 5 shows the burner with the casing removed
  • Figure 6a shows the cylindrical blank of the combustion pipe 20 component
  • Figure 6b shows the blank of the front wall of the combustion pipe.
  • the component markings are as follows: 25 10 combustion head, 18 combustion pipe, front wall 11, jacket 14, jacket space 15, flange 16, casing 12, pressure chamber 13, fuel feed channel 17 (including the drop pipe 37, cone 42, and upper pipe 40), fan 20, photosensor 34, switchgear 22, electrical connection card 24, protective jacket 26, and quick-release 30 clamps 50.
  • an attachment frame A which mainly includes the jacket 14 and the flange 16.
  • the burner is attached to the wall of the boiler by the flange 16, to which 35 the body component B is attached using the quick-release clamps 50.
  • the electrical components and fan are detached from the casing 12 that mainly forms the pressure chamber while the body component C includes the combustion pipe 18, the body flange 16', and the drop pipe 37 with its flange 36.
  • the casing 12 can be placed in this by first passing the upper end of the pipe 37 through the upper opening in the casing 12, so that the casing 12 can be set against the body flange 16' and secured to it.
  • the fuel drops from the pipe 37 of the feed channel 17 against the sloping front wall 11 of the combustion pipe 17, where there is an inverted V-shaped divider 30, which divides the flow evenly. It also protects the opening 32, which the photo-resistor 34 monitors in the fan duct, remaining between the branches of the V.
  • the combustion pipe 18 is extended outwards from the plane of the flange 16 by 10 - 40 %, preferably 15 - 30 % of its volume. Thus more space is left in the firebox for the flame and the fuel feed pipe can be brought vertically into the combustion pipe.
  • Figure 6a shows the plate blank 11' of the front wall of the combustion pipe.
  • the broken lines show where bends are made.
  • In the lower part there is an opening 18' for the electrical igniter and perforations 19" for the combustion air.
  • Figure 6b show the plate blank 18' of the combustion pipe. It has ready-made perforations 19 and 19" and an opening for the drop pipe.
  • the burner is designed in such a way that the burner can be used in boilers fired with any kind of solid fuel. This is a horizontal model (the flame is directed horizontally) .
  • the ignition system is electronically controlled, so that rapid gasification and ignition is achieved (hot air rapidly reaches the pellets) .
  • the combustion automation includes stepless pellet feed dosing and stepless regulation of the amount of air.
  • the device is intended for the combustion of wood pellets.
  • the burner is controlled with a microprocessor.
  • the external thermostat gives an impulse to start the burner, the feed of pellets to the combustion head 10 starts along the feed channel 17.
  • the pellets fall onto the divider 30, from where they flow evenly to form a layer on the lower surface of the combustion pipe 18.
  • the pellets are ignited with the aid of an ignition resistance 28, which is located close to the lower surface of the combustion pipe 18. Simultaneously with ignition, air is blown into the pellets with the aid of the fan 14.
  • the blast is directed into the jacket space 15 surrounding the combustion pipe 18, from where it flows through the perforations 19 of the combustion pipe 18 into the combustion pipe and, as well, to the feed pipe with the aid of openings 38 in the lower part of the pipe 37, in order to prevent back combustion.
  • a photo- resistor monitors the combustion process. If combustion slows, and the amount of light decreases, the photo-resistor sends a signal to the processor, which sends a feed signal to the pellet-feed system.
  • Combustion air is blown to the combustion head from holes, which are in the lower part of the combustion head and in the lower end of the drop pipe.
  • the thermostat shuts off the burner in a controlled manner .
  • Part of the combustion pipe is outside of the firebox in order to achieve a sufficiently large combustion space for the pellets and for there still to be space for the flame in the boiler.
  • the slant in the front wall of the combustion pipe and in the divider element makes the pellets spread evenly.
  • the divider also prevents the pellets from entering the pressure chamber, from the opening made for the photoelectric eye. Overheating.of the drop pipe is prevented by the conical component in the lower part of the pellet drop pipe and the air fed around it. When air is blown from the pressure chamber from the perforated drop pipe into the space between the drop pipe and the cone, it causes a vacuum in the drop pipe and an airflow from the drop pipe towards the firebox.
  • the device is designed in such a way that its output range of 0 ... 20 kW can be fully utilized and the device shuts down completely if heating output is not required.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un brûleur destiné à des boulettes et comprenant une tête de combustion sensiblement horizontale (10), pouvant être installée dans l'ouverture d'une paroi du foyer et présentant un tuyau de combustion (18) et une gaine adjacente (14) conjointement avec l'espace de la gaine (15) entre ceux-ci, le tuyau de combustion (18) présentant des perforations (19) dans la zone de l'espace de la gaine (15). La tête de combustion (10) est entourée d'un bord (16) recouvrant l'ouverture dans la paroi du foyer. Entre 10 et 40 %, de préférence, entre 15 et 30 % du volume du tuyau de combustion (18) s'étend vers l'extérieur à partir du plan du bord (16).
PCT/FI2004/050094 2003-06-19 2004-06-16 Bruleur destine a des boulettes Ceased WO2004111535A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04742244A EP1644664A1 (fr) 2003-06-19 2004-06-16 Bruleur destine a des boulettes
FI20050421U FI6995U1 (fi) 2003-06-19 2005-12-15 Pellettipoltin

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20035103 2003-06-19
FI20035103A FI20035103A0 (fi) 2003-06-19 2003-06-19 Pellettipoltin

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004111535A1 true WO2004111535A1 (fr) 2004-12-23

Family

ID=8566436

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2004/050094 Ceased WO2004111535A1 (fr) 2003-06-19 2004-06-16 Bruleur destine a des boulettes

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1644664A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI20035103A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004111535A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009020344B3 (de) * 2009-05-07 2011-01-13 Wachtel GmbH & Co. Bäckereimaschinen-Backöfen Pelletbrenner, Dosiervorrichtung und Verfahren zu dessen Steuerung
WO2012027805A1 (fr) * 2009-09-01 2012-03-08 Gauthier Thierry Constant Eddy Francois Module de chambre de combustion pour masse solide granulée
CN103836614A (zh) * 2014-03-28 2014-06-04 张崇鑫 生物质燃烧器
WO2015070534A1 (fr) * 2013-11-13 2015-05-21 朱宏锋 Poêle à biocombustible sûr
EP3124865A1 (fr) * 2014-08-12 2017-02-01 Suirvale Developments Limited t/a Wood Energy Solutions Couvercle d'une chaudière de biomasse d'extérieur
IT201700018014A1 (it) * 2017-02-17 2018-08-17 Ar Ca S R L Caldaia per la combustione di biomasse granulari.

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3247484A1 (de) * 1981-07-04 1984-06-28 Gebrüder Welger GmbH & Co KG, 3340 Wolfenbüttel Feuerungsanlage fuer stroh oder aehnliches material
US5070798A (en) * 1990-08-31 1991-12-10 Heatilator, Inc. Pellet burner appliances and burners therefor
FR2671166A1 (fr) * 1990-12-28 1992-07-03 Biomasse Normandie Assoc Rgle Chaufferie specialement concue pour la combustion de bois dechiquete.
US5269233A (en) * 1992-10-06 1993-12-14 Johnson Howard A Stoker or particulate conveyor
WO2000075563A1 (fr) * 1999-06-04 2000-12-14 Erik Pettersson Bruleur destine a la combustion de combustibles solides
WO2001022003A1 (fr) * 1999-09-24 2001-03-29 Oy Ht Engineering Ltd Bruleur pour la combustion de combustible solide, notamment sous forme de granules
WO2001084048A1 (fr) * 2000-04-28 2001-11-08 Swedish Bioburner System Aktiebolag Dispositif de combustion

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3247484A1 (de) * 1981-07-04 1984-06-28 Gebrüder Welger GmbH & Co KG, 3340 Wolfenbüttel Feuerungsanlage fuer stroh oder aehnliches material
US5070798A (en) * 1990-08-31 1991-12-10 Heatilator, Inc. Pellet burner appliances and burners therefor
FR2671166A1 (fr) * 1990-12-28 1992-07-03 Biomasse Normandie Assoc Rgle Chaufferie specialement concue pour la combustion de bois dechiquete.
US5269233A (en) * 1992-10-06 1993-12-14 Johnson Howard A Stoker or particulate conveyor
WO2000075563A1 (fr) * 1999-06-04 2000-12-14 Erik Pettersson Bruleur destine a la combustion de combustibles solides
WO2001022003A1 (fr) * 1999-09-24 2001-03-29 Oy Ht Engineering Ltd Bruleur pour la combustion de combustible solide, notamment sous forme de granules
WO2001084048A1 (fr) * 2000-04-28 2001-11-08 Swedish Bioburner System Aktiebolag Dispositif de combustion

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009020344B3 (de) * 2009-05-07 2011-01-13 Wachtel GmbH & Co. Bäckereimaschinen-Backöfen Pelletbrenner, Dosiervorrichtung und Verfahren zu dessen Steuerung
WO2012027805A1 (fr) * 2009-09-01 2012-03-08 Gauthier Thierry Constant Eddy Francois Module de chambre de combustion pour masse solide granulée
WO2015070534A1 (fr) * 2013-11-13 2015-05-21 朱宏锋 Poêle à biocombustible sûr
CN103836614A (zh) * 2014-03-28 2014-06-04 张崇鑫 生物质燃烧器
EP3124865A1 (fr) * 2014-08-12 2017-02-01 Suirvale Developments Limited t/a Wood Energy Solutions Couvercle d'une chaudière de biomasse d'extérieur
IT201700018014A1 (it) * 2017-02-17 2018-08-17 Ar Ca S R L Caldaia per la combustione di biomasse granulari.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI20035103A0 (fi) 2003-06-19
EP1644664A1 (fr) 2006-04-12

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