WO2012051737A1 - 西那卡塞及其药用盐的制备方法 - Google Patents
西那卡塞及其药用盐的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012051737A1 WO2012051737A1 PCT/CN2010/001638 CN2010001638W WO2012051737A1 WO 2012051737 A1 WO2012051737 A1 WO 2012051737A1 CN 2010001638 W CN2010001638 W CN 2010001638W WO 2012051737 A1 WO2012051737 A1 WO 2012051737A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/04—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups
- C07C209/06—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of halogen atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/68—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton from amines, by reactions not involving amino groups, e.g. reduction of unsaturated amines, aromatisation, or substitution of the carbon skeleton
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/68—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton from amines, by reactions not involving amino groups, e.g. reduction of unsaturated amines, aromatisation, or substitution of the carbon skeleton
- C07C209/70—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton from amines, by reactions not involving amino groups, e.g. reduction of unsaturated amines, aromatisation, or substitution of the carbon skeleton by reduction of unsaturated amines
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for synthesizing cinacalcet and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and belongs to the field of organic synthesis. Background technique
- Cinacalcet hydrochloride is the first oral calcimimetic drug approved by the FDA for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with dialysis chronic kidney disease. It can also be used to treat parathyroid glands. Hypercalcemia in cancer patients. Cinacalcet chemical name is N-[I-(R: -)-I-naphthyl:)ethyl]-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1-propanamine, the structural formula is:
- a calcimimetic is a class of orally active small molecules that reduce the secretion of parathyroid hormone by activating calcium receptors.
- Calcium-calcium agents are used to treat hyperparathyroidism, a condition characterized by calcium receptors on the parathyroid glands that lose normal response to calcium in the blood and cause excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone.
- High levels of parathyroid hormone are hallmarks of secondary hyperparathyroidism, with altered calcium and phosphorus metabolism, which may lead to bone pain, fractures, and increased risk of cardiovascular death.
- cinacalcet hydrochloride has been approved for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing dialysis.
- Cinacalcet and its pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts are generally described in U.S. Patent 6,016,068, but do not provide any examples of preparation.
- U.S. Patent No. 6,211, 244 describes cinacalcet and its pharmaceutically acceptable acid chloride addition salts, but does not provide any examples of the preparation of cinacalcet and cinacalcet hydrochloride.
- Drugs of future 2002, 27(9), 831-836 disclose synthetic schemes for the preparation of cinacalcet hydrochloride. As shown in Scheme 1, this synthetic route uses m-trifluoromethylpropialdehyde, which is difficult to prepare.
- U.S. Patent No. 7,250,533 discloses another synthetic route of cinacalcet which converts the hydroxyl group of 3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanol into a group which is easily removed, and then in an organic solvent. Cinacalcet is obtained by condensation with (R)-l-naphthylethylamine in the presence of a base. Among them, 3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanol was obtained by coupling 3-bromotrifluoromethylbenzene with ethyl acrylate Heck, followed by reduction. As shown in scenario 2:
- PCT Patent WO 2007127445 discloses a route for the synthesis of cinacalcet by a reductive amide process, as shown in Scheme 3, wherein the acid chloride of 3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanoic acid and (R)-l- Condensation of naphthylamine gives N-[l-(R)-(-)-l-naphthyl)ethyl]-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1-propanamide, after reduction Can get Cinacalc.
- a similar method is also reported in PCT Patent WO 2008035381, WO 2008058235, Indian Patent 555/MUM/2007 and Tetrahedron Letters 2008, 49(1), 13-15.
- PCT Patent WO 2007127449 discloses a process for preparing cinacalcet by a coupling reaction, in which 3-bromobenzotrifluoride and N-allyl-(R)-l-naphthylethylamine are unsaturated under the action of a catalyst and a base. The intermediate of the cascading, palladium carbon reduced to obtain cinacalcet.
- the existing synthetic route has the following disadvantages, such as some routes using expensive reagents such as Titanium isopropoxide and diisobutylaluminum hydride are not conducive to large-scale industrial production; some routes use ethyl acrylate, which is carcinogenic, flammable and unstable; some routes require separation of products by column chromatography and chiral chromatography, Conducive to industrial production.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a novel and effective synthesis method for preparing cinacalcet I and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which has simple raw materials, mild reaction conditions, can be easily applied to industrial large-scale production, and provides high-purity West.
- the present invention provides a novel process for the synthesis of cinacalcet and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts which are advantageous for industrial production, in particular to provide a process for the synthesis of cinacalcet and its hydrochloride in high yield and high purity.
- X is a leaving group
- Y is a halogen
- Z is an amino protecting group
- X is a leaving group selected from the group consisting of halogen, a C1-C6 alkyl sulfonate group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C10 aryl sulfonate group, and the like, wherein the substitution
- the substituent in the C6-C10 aryl sulfonate group is selected from the group consisting of halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, and preferably X is a bromine, mesylate or p-toluenesulfonate group.
- Compound III is (R)-l-naphthylethylamine, which is commercially available.
- the bases used in this step include organic bases and inorganic bases.
- the organic base may be triethylamine or a quaternary ammonium salt;
- the inorganic base is selected from the group consisting of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydroxides, carbonates, hydrogencarbonates, and the like, and combinations thereof, and is preferably potassium carbonate or sodium hydroxide. Potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate or a combination thereof.
- the solvent used in this step is acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, hydrazine, hydrazine-dimethylformamide, and the solvent is used in an amount of 5 to 15 times the weight of the compound II.
- the reaction temperature of this reaction is 20-100 °C.
- the operation is easy, the reaction after the reaction is simple, and the product can be put into the sputum reaction without purification, which is advantageous for industrial production.
- Z is an amino protecting group selected from the group consisting of -S0 2 R, -COR, -COOR and -CONRR', wherein R, R' may be a C1-C8 alkyl group, a C2-C8 alkenyl group, C2-C8 alkynyl or C6-C10 aryl, and preferably Z is tert-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc) or acetyl.
- the base used in the reaction is triethylamine, pyridine, potassium carbonate, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
- the reaction solvent is dichloromethane, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane or tetrahydrofuran, and the solvent is used in an amount of 5 to 15 times the weight of the compound IV.
- the reaction temperature is 0-40 °C.
- the reaction after the reaction is simple, the yield is high, the product purity is good, column chromatography is not required, and industrial production is easy.
- Y is a halogen, and is preferably bromine or iodine.
- reaction systems can be used in this step, including: (i) cuprous iodide, diisopropylamine and tetrakistriphenylphosphine palladium systems; (ii) cuprous iodide, potassium acetate and tetrakistriphenylphosphine palladium system (iii) cuprous iodide, triethylamine and tetrakistriphenylphosphine palladium system; (iv) cuprous iodide, diisopropylamine, triphenylphosphine and palladium chloride systems; (V) iodide Cuprous, diisopropylamine, triphenylphosphine and palladium carbon systems and (vi) palladium acetate, triethylenediamine, potassium carbonate systems, and the like.
- the reaction solvent used is (i) hydrazine, hydrazine-dimethylformamide (DMF); (ii) 3 ⁇ 40 or (iii) acetonitrile (CH 3 CN) and the like.
- the temperature of the reaction is 20-100 °C.
- the obtained target compound VII can be purified without column chromatography, which simplifies the entire operation and is advantageous for industrial production.
- the reduction systems employed in this step include: (i) palladium on carbon/hydrogen; (ii) Raney nickel/hydrogen and (iii) platinum dioxide/hydrogen.
- the solvent to be used is a conventional solvent such as ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate or the like.
- the reaction temperature is 25-55 °C.
- the reaction system is operated at a pressure of 1-6 atmospheres (atm), and in consideration of cost and reaction efficiency, it is preferred to use a pressure of 3 atm.
- the post-treatment of the reaction system is simple and the obtained target compound has good purity, which is advantageous for industrial production.
- the amino protecting group can be removed using the following methods, including: (i) dilute hydrochloric acid (1N-5N); (ii) dilute sulfuric acid (10-35% by weight); (iii) hydrobromic acid and (iv) Dilute hydrochloric acid and acetic acid, etc. It is preferred to use dilute hydrochloric acid (1N-5N).
- the propargyl alcohol (11.2 g) was dissolved in dichloromethane (150 ml), and potassium hydroxide (40 g) and p-toluenesulfonyl chloride (42.0 g) were successively added thereto at room temperature, and reacted for 2-3 hours, and then added. After water quenching, the mixture was separated and the aqueous layer was extracted twice with dichloromethane.
- Example 2 The compound ⁇ -a (45.7 g) prepared in Example 1 was mixed with compound III (61.3 g) in DMF (320 ml), and 37 g of potassium carbonate was added thereto. After reacting at room temperature overnight, it was poured into ice water with ethyl acetate. The organic phase was combined, washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated to give the crude product (IV).
- Example 4 Preparation of N-(R)-(1-naphthyl-1-ethyl)-N-2-propynyl-acetamide (V)
- Crude product IV prepared in Example 3 (56.0 g) and triethylamine (56.2 ml) were dissolved in dry dichloromethane (300 ml), and 100 ml of a solution of acetyl chloride (23 ml) in dichloromethane was added dropwise in an ice bath. After the dropwise addition, the reaction was carried out at room temperature.
- the compound VII (10.Og) prepared in the fifth embodiment was dissolved in 80 ml of methanol, and 0.8 g was added.
- Cinacalcet and its hydrochloride can be prepared by using the propargyl p-toluenesulfonate ( ⁇ -b) prepared in Example 2 in the same manner as above.
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Description
西那卡塞及其药用盐的制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及西那卡塞及其药用盐的合成方法, 属于有机合成领域。 背景技术
西那卡塞盐酸盐是第一种被 FDA批准上市的口服拟钙剂 (calcimimetic drug) , 可用于治疗透析的慢性肾病患者的继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进, 也可用 于治疗甲状旁腺癌患者的高血钙症。 西那卡塞化学名为 N-[I-(R: -)-I-萘基:)乙 基] -3-[3- (三氟甲基)苯基] -1-丙胺, 结构式为:
拟钙剂是通过激活钙受体减少甲状旁腺激素分泌的一类口服活性小分子。 拟钙剂被用于治疗甲状旁腺功能亢进,这是一种特征在于甲状旁腺上的钙受体 对于血液中的钙失去正常响应而导致甲状旁腺激素过量分泌的病症。高水平的 甲状旁腺激素, 是继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进的标志, 伴随着改变的钙和磷的代 谢作用, 可能导致骨痛、 骨折以及增大的心血管死亡风险。 作为拟钙剂, 西那 卡塞盐酸盐已被批准用于治疗正在进行透析的慢性肾病患者的继发性甲状旁 腺功能亢进。
美国专利 US 6011068大致描述了西那卡塞及其可药用的酸加成盐, 但是 没有提供任何制备的实例。
美国专利 US 6211244描述了西那卡塞及其可药用的酸性氯化物加成盐, 但是没有提供任何制备西那卡塞及西那卡塞盐酸盐的实例。
Drugs of future 2002, 27(9), 831-836公开了制备西那卡塞盐酸盐的合成方 案。如方案 1所示,该合成路线使用了间三氟甲基苯丙醛,该中间体难以制备。
美国专利 US 7250533公开了另一条西那卡塞的合成路线,将 3-[3- (三氟甲 基)苯基]丙醇的羟基转化成容易离去的基团, 然后在有机溶剂中在碱存在下与 (R)-l-萘乙胺缩合得到西那卡塞。 其中, 3-[3- (三氟甲基)苯基]丙醇通过 3-溴三 氟甲基苯与丙烯酸乙酯 Heck偶联, 然后还原后制得。 如方案 2所示:
PCT专利 WO 2007127445公开了利用还原酰胺方法合成西那卡塞的路线, 如方案 3所示, 其中 3-[3- (三氟甲基)苯基]丙酸的酰氯与 (R)-l-萘乙胺缩合得到 N-[l-(R)-(-)-l-萘基)乙基] -3-[3- (三氟甲基)苯基] -1-丙酰胺,经还原后可得西那卡 塞。 PCT专利 WO 2008035381, WO 2008058235, 印度专利 555/MUM/2007 及 Tetrahedron Letters 2008, 49(1), 13-15也报道了相似的方法。
方案 3
PCT专利 WO 2007127449公开了利用偶联反应制备西那卡塞的方法, 3- 溴三氟甲苯与 N-烯丙基 -(R)-l-萘乙胺在催化剂和碱作用下得到不饱和西那卡 塞中间体, 钯碳还原后得到西那卡塞。
如上所述, 现有合成路线存在以下缺点, 例如有的路线使用昂贵的试剂如
异丙醇钛和二异丁基氢化铝, 不利于大规模工业生产; 有的路线使用丙烯酸乙 酯, 致癌、 易燃且不稳定; 有的路线需要利用柱色谱和手性色谱分离产物, 不 利于工业生产。
因此,迫切需要开发新颖的利于工业生产的制备西那卡塞及其药用盐的方 法。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供制备西那卡塞 I及其药用盐的新颖有效的合成方法, 该方法使用的原料简单, 反应条件温和, 能够容易地应用于工业化大生产, 并 且提供高纯度的西那卡塞 I及其药用盐, 特别是西那卡塞盐酸盐。
本发明的目的是采用以下技术方案实现的。
其中, X为离去基团, Y为卤素, Z为氨基保护基。
其主要包括以下歩骤:
a) 以化合物 II为起始原料, 在碱的作用下, 化合物 II与化合物 III经过 SN2反应制得化合物 IV。
其中,在化合物 II中, X为离去基团,其选自卤素、 C1-C6烷基磺酸酯基、 取代或未取代的 C6-C10芳基磺酸酯基等中, 其中所述取代的 C6-C10芳基磺 酸酯基中的取代基选自卤素、 C1-C6烷基中, 并优选 X为溴、 甲磺酸酯基或对 甲苯磺酸酯基。
化合物 III为 (R)-l-萘乙胺, 可以从市售购得。
本歩骤中使用的碱包括有机碱和无机碱。有机碱可为三乙胺或季铵盐; 无 机碱为选自碱金属和碱土金属的氢氧化物、 碳酸盐和碳酸氢盐等及其组合中, 并优选为碳酸钾、 氢氧化钠、 氢氧化钾、 碳酸钠或其组合。
本歩骤所使用的溶剂为乙腈、 四氢呋喃、 二氧六环、 Ν,Ν-二甲基甲酰胺, 所使用溶剂的量为化合物 II重量的 5-15倍。
本歩骤反应温度为 20-100 °C。
该操作容易, 反应后处理简单, 产物无须纯化就可以投入下歩反应中, 有 利于工业化大生产。
b) 对化合物 IV中的氨基进行保护得到化合物 。
在化合物 V中, Z为氨基保护基,其选自 -S02R、 -COR, -COOR和 -CONRR' 中, 其中, R、 R'可为 C1-C8烷基、 C2-C8烯基、 C2-C8炔基或 C6-C10芳基, 并优选 Z为叔丁基氧羰基 (Boc) 或者乙酰基等。 反应中使用的碱为三乙胺、 吡啶、碳酸钾、氢氧化钠或者氢氧化钾。反应溶剂为二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、 1,2- 二氯乙烷、 四氢呋喃, 所使用溶剂的量为化合物 IV重量的 5-15倍。 反应温度 为 0-40°C。 该反应后处理简单, 收率高, 产物纯度好, 无须柱层析, 易于工业 化生产。
c) 化合物 V与化合物 VI在催化剂存在下经过 sonogashira反应得到化合 物 VII。
本歩骤可采用多种反应体系, 包括: (i) 碘化亚铜、 二异丙胺和四三苯基 磷钯体系; (ii) 碘化亚铜、 醋酸钾与四三苯基磷钯体系; (iii) 碘化亚铜、 三 乙胺与四三苯基磷钯体系; (iv) 碘化亚铜、 二异丙基胺、 三苯基磷与氯化钯 体系; (V) 碘化亚铜、 二异丙基胺、 三苯基磷与钯碳体系和 (vi ) 醋酸钯、 三 乙烯二胺、碳酸钾体系等。使用的反应溶剂为(i) Ν,Ν-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF) ; ( ii) ¾0或 ( iii) 乙腈 ( CH3CN) 等。 反应的温度为 20-100°C。 得到的目标 化合物 VII不需要经过柱层析就可以纯化, 简化了整个操作, 有利于工业化生 产。
d) 在合适的还原氢化试剂下, 化合物 VII被还原成化合物 VIII。
本歩骤采用的还原体系包括: (i) 钯碳 /氢气; (ii) Raney镍 /氢气和 (iii) 二氧化铂 /氢气等。 使用的溶剂为常规溶剂, 如乙醇、 甲醇和乙酸乙酯等。 反 应温度为 25-55 °C。 反应体系使用压力为 1-6个大气压 (atm), 考虑成本和反 应效率, 优选使用 3个大气压的压力。所述反应体系后处理简单且得到的目标 化合物纯度好, 有利于工业化生产。
e) 化合物 VIII脱除保护基制得西那卡塞 I及其药用盐。
可以使用以下方法脱除氨基保护基团, 包括: (i) 稀盐酸 (1N-5N) ; ( ii) 稀硫酸 (10-35% (重量百分比)); ( iii) 氢溴酸和 (iv) 稀盐酸与醋酸等。 并优 选使用稀盐酸 (1N-5N)。 具体实施方式
下面将通过实施例来详细叙述本发明的制备西那卡塞 (I) 及其药用盐的 新颖有效的合成方法, 但实施例不构成对本发明的限制。
以下是本发明的实施例。
实施例一: 化合物 Il-a的制备
将炔丙醇 (1当量)溶于二氯甲烷 (150mi >中, 在室温下, 向其中依次加入 三乙胺 (1.2当量) 和甲磺酰氯 (1.2当量), 反应 2-3小时后, 加入水淬灭, 用无水硫酸钠干燥, 浓缩得粗产品, 然后减压蒸馏得炔丙基甲磺酸酯 (Il-a) : 收率 85%, lH NMR (500Hz, CDC13, ppm): 3.16 (s, 3H), 3.32 (s, 1H), 4.27 (m, 2H)。
实施例二: 化合物 Il-b的制备
将炔丙醇 (11.2g) 溶于二氯甲烷 (150ml)中, 在室温下, 向其中依次加入 氢氧化钾 (40g) 和对甲苯磺酰氯 (42.0g), 反应 2-3小时后, 加入水淬灭后, 分液, 水层用二氯甲烷反萃两次, 合并有机相, 用无水硫酸钠干燥, 浓缩得产 品炔丙基对甲苯磺酸酯(Π-b) 37.8g:收率 90%, ^ NMR (500Hz, CDC13, ppm): 2.40 (s, 3H), 2.53(s, 1H), 4.26 (m, 2H), 7.41-7.83 (m, 4H)。
实施例三: N-(R)-(1-萘 -1-基-乙基) -N-2-丙炔基胺 (IV) 的制备:
将实施例 1制备的化合物 Π-a (45.7g)与化合物 III ( 61.3g)混合溶入 DMF (320ml) 中, 再加入 37g碳酸钾, 室温反应过夜后, 倒入冰水中, 用乙酸乙 酯萃取, 合并有机相, 然后依次用水和饱和食盐水洗涤, 用无水硫酸钠干燥, 过滤,旋蒸得粗产品(IV) ,不用纯化直接投入下歩反应中,收率 80%。 ^ NMR (500Hz, CDC13, ppm): 1.73 (d, 3H), 1.85 ( s, 1H), 2.50 ( s, 1H), 3.32 (m, 2H) , 6.65 (q, 1H), 7.55 (m, 3H), 7.62-8.04 (m, 4H)。
实施例四: N-(R)-(1-萘基 -1-乙基) -N-2-丙炔基-乙酰胺 (V) 的制备 将在实施例三中制备的粗产品 IV ( 56.0g) 和三乙胺 (56.2ml) 溶于干燥 的二氯甲烷(300ml)中,在冰浴下滴入乙酰氯(23ml)的二氯甲烷溶液 100ml, 滴完后, 移至室温下反应 2-3h, 加水破坏反应, 分液, 水洗用二氯甲烷反萃 2-3 次, 合并有机相, 依次用稀盐酸、 水和饱和食盐水洗涤, 然后用无水硫酸 钠干燥, 过滤旋蒸得黄色固体, 无水乙醇打浆得白色固体 (V) , 产率 85%。 ^ NMR (500Hz, CDCI3, ppm): 1.75 (d, 3H), 2.07 ( s, 1H), 2.27 ( s, 3H), 3.59 (m, 2H) , 6.67 (q, 1H), 7.52 (m, 3H), 7.63-8.02 ( m, 4H)。
实施例五: N-(RM1-萘基 -I-乙基) -N-[3-(3-三氟甲基)苯基 -2-丙炔基] -乙酰 胺 (VII) 的制备
在氮气氛围下,将 3-三氟甲基溴苯(4.3g)、在实施例四中制备的化合物 V (4.9g)、 三乙烯二胺 (0.36g)、 碳酸钾 (4.42g) 和醋酸钯 (0.18g) 溶于 50mL 乙腈中, 室温下反应 24h, 过滤, 滤饼用石油醚洗涤 2-3次, 合并有机相, 向 其中加入水, 用石油醚萃取, 合并有机相, 依次用水和饱和食盐水洗涤, 无水 硫酸钠干燥,过滤,旋蒸得淡黄色液体(VII) 5.0g,收率 71%。 ^ NMR (500Hz, CDCI3, ppm): 1.73 (d, 3H), 2.29 ( s, 3H), 3.87 ( s, 2H) , 6.70 ( q, 1H), 7.13-8.05 (m, 11H)。
实施例六: N-(R: 1-萘基 -1-乙基) -N-[3-(3-三氟甲基:)苯基-丙基] -乙酰胺
(VIII) 的制备
将在实施例五中制备的化合物 VII (lO.Og) 溶于 80ml甲醇中, 加入 0.8 g
10%的钯碳, 反应混合物在室温及 3 atm的压力下氢化, 直到原料反应完全。 过滤除去催化剂, 并用少量甲醇洗涤滤饼, 合并滤液, 减压条件下蒸除溶剂, 得到粗产品 (VIII) 9.2g, 收率 92%, ^NMR (500Hz, CDC13, ppm): 7.45 8.25 (Πίί, m), 6,65 (IH, q), 2.93 (IH, ΐ), 2.64 (3H, m), 2,10(s, 3H), 2,0 (2H, m), 1,68 (3H, d)。
实施例七: 西那卡塞及其盐酸盐的制备
将在实施例六中制备的化合物 VIII (lg)加入到 15mL的 5N盐酸溶液中, 加热至 80°C约 6小时, 然后冷却至室温, 加入异丙醚, 过滤, 依次用水和异丙 醚洗涤,干燥得 0.4g西那卡塞盐酸盐,纯度 99.5%。 ^NMR (DMSO-d6) (ppm): 10,1 (IH, brs), 9.41 (IH, brs), 7.45—8,25 (11H, m), 5.29 (IH, q), 2.93 (IH, t), 2.71 (3H, m), 2.0 (2H, m), 1,68 (3H, d)。
可以按照上述同样的歩骤使用实施例二中制备的炔丙基对甲苯磺酸酯 (Π-b) 制备西那卡塞及其盐酸盐。
利用该发明方法,无需柱层析就可以以较高的总收率得到高纯度的西那卡 塞及其盐酸盐, 适合于工业化生产。
Claims
1、 一种制备西那卡塞 I及其药用盐的方法,
其包括以下歩骤:
a) 在碱存在下, 化合物 II与化合物 III经过 SN2反应制得化合物 IV; b) 对化合物 IV中的氨基进行保护得到化合物 V;
c) 化合物 V与化合物 VI在催化剂存在下经过 sonogashira反应得到化合 物 VII;
d) 化合物 VII经还原氢化得到化合物 VIII;
e) 将化合物 VIII转化为西那卡塞 I及其药用盐;
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 在化合物 II中, X为溴、 甲磺酸 酯基或对甲苯磺酸酯基。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 在歩骤 a)中使用的碱包括有机碱 和无机碱; 使用的反应溶剂为: 乙腈、 四氢呋喃、 二氧六环或 Ν,Ν-二甲基甲 酰胺; 使用溶剂的量为化合物 II重量的 5-15倍; 反应温度为 20-100°C。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法, 其中, 所述有机碱为三乙胺或季铵盐。
5、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法, 其中, 所述无机碱为碳酸钾、 氢氧化钠、 氢氧化钾、 碳酸钠或其组合。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 在歩骤 中, 使用的保护基为叔 丁基氧羰基或乙酰基; 反应中使用的碱为三乙胺、 吡啶、 碳酸钾或氢氧化钠; 反应温度为 0-40°C ; 所用溶剂为二氯甲烷、 三氯甲烷、 1,2-二氯乙烷、 无水四 氢呋喃或无水乙腈。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 在化合物 VI中, Y为溴或碘。
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 在歩骤 中所述 sonogashira反应 的反应条件为:
使用如下之一催化体系:碘化亚铜、二异丙胺和四三苯基磷钯;碘化亚铜、 醋酸钾与四三苯基磷钯; 碘化亚铜、 三乙胺与四三苯基磷钯; 碘化亚铜、 二异 丙基胺、 三苯基磷与氯化钯; 碘化亚铜、 二异丙基胺、 三苯基磷与钯碳; 醋酸 钯、 三乙烯二胺与碳酸钾;
使用的反应溶剂为 Ν,Ν-二甲基甲酰胺、 ¾0或乙腈;
反应温度为 20-100 °C。
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 在歩骤 d)中, 所述还原氢化的反 应条件为:
使用的还原体系为钯碳 /氢气、 Raney镍 /氢气或二氧化铂 /氢气;
使用的溶剂为乙醇、 甲醇或乙酸乙酯;
反应温度为 25-55 °C ;
反应体系使用压力为 1-6个大气压。
10、 根据权利要求 1 所述的方法, 其中, 在歩骤 e)中, 使用 (i) 1N-5N 的稀盐酸; (ii) 10-35%重量百分比的稀硫酸; (iii) 氢溴酸或 (iv) 稀盐酸与 醋酸来脱除氨基保护基。
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| US20080319229A1 (en) * | 2007-06-22 | 2008-12-25 | Dipharma Francis S.R.L. | process for the preparation of cinacalcet |
| WO2009002427A2 (en) * | 2007-06-21 | 2008-12-31 | Amgen Inc. | Methods of synthesizing cinacalcet and salts thereof |
| CN101516360A (zh) * | 2006-08-18 | 2009-08-26 | 利奥制药有限公司 | 用于治疗疾病的取代的炔属化合物 |
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| WO2010071689A2 (en) * | 2008-05-05 | 2010-06-24 | Medichem, S.A. | Process for controlling the particle size of a 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1-aminopropane derivative |
| US20110178326A1 (en) * | 2008-08-06 | 2011-07-21 | Actavis Group Ptc Ehf | Unsaturated cinacalcet salts and processes for preparing cinacalcet hydrochloride |
| CA2754209A1 (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2010-09-10 | Cipla Limited | Process for the preparation of cinacalcet and salts thereof, and intermediates for use in the process |
| EP2406211B1 (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2018-06-27 | Megafine Pharma (P) Ltd. | A new method for the preparation of cinacalcet and new intermediates thereof |
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| CN101516360A (zh) * | 2006-08-18 | 2009-08-26 | 利奥制药有限公司 | 用于治疗疾病的取代的炔属化合物 |
| WO2009002427A2 (en) * | 2007-06-21 | 2008-12-31 | Amgen Inc. | Methods of synthesizing cinacalcet and salts thereof |
| US20080319229A1 (en) * | 2007-06-22 | 2008-12-25 | Dipharma Francis S.R.L. | process for the preparation of cinacalcet |
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| CN109456235A (zh) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-03-12 | 苏州华道生物药业股份有限公司 | 一种苯磺酸炔丙酯的绿色合成方法 |
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