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WO2011026940A1 - Récupération d'énergie à partir d'un gaz de haut fourneau dans une turbine de détente - Google Patents

Récupération d'énergie à partir d'un gaz de haut fourneau dans une turbine de détente Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011026940A1
WO2011026940A1 PCT/EP2010/062960 EP2010062960W WO2011026940A1 WO 2011026940 A1 WO2011026940 A1 WO 2011026940A1 EP 2010062960 W EP2010062960 W EP 2010062960W WO 2011026940 A1 WO2011026940 A1 WO 2011026940A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
top gas
heat
turbine
blast furnace
exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2010/062960
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Marc Solvi
Louis Schmit
Helmut Weissert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Paul Wurth SA
Original Assignee
Paul Wurth SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Paul Wurth SA filed Critical Paul Wurth SA
Priority to CN2010900011266U priority Critical patent/CN202595161U/zh
Publication of WO2011026940A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011026940A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/002—Evacuating and treating of exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/10—Arrangements for using waste heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/20—Arrangements for treatment or cleaning of waste gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/40—Gas purification of exhaust gases to be recirculated or used in other metallurgical processes
    • C21B2100/44—Removing particles, e.g. by scrubbing, dedusting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/62—Energy conversion other than by heat exchange, e.g. by use of exhaust gas in energy production
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/66—Heat exchange
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to the treatment of blast furnace gas and more specifically to the recovery of pneumatic energy from blast furnace top gas pressure in an expansion turbine.
  • blast furnace top gas is a by-product of blast furnaces that is generated when the iron ore is reduced with coke and / or other fuels to metallic iron.
  • Blast furnace top gas is commonly used as a fuel within the steel works, but it can be burnt in boilers and power plants as well. It may also be combined with natural gas or coke oven gas before combustion or a flame support with higher heating value gas or oil is provided to sustain combustion.
  • blast furnaces (BF) have been operated since decades with an internal overpressure, which— with a proper dimensioning of the furnace— permits a substantial increase in the conversion of materials and energy and thus in the output of pig iron.
  • Operation under internal overpressure also implies considerable additional costs related to equipment and operation. More particularly, it requires producing pressurized air with convenient supply pressure level in a cold blast compressor, to form the so-called cold blast, which is then heated up in the hot blast stoves (or Cowpers) to high temperature levels and the resulting hot blast is blown into the blast furnace.
  • the gas leaving the blast furnace at the top known as top gas or blast furnace gas
  • This top gas however still contains combustible components, primarily carbon monoxide, and to a lesser extent hydrogen, and can be used as low heating value combustion gas for producing heat or mechanical and electrical energy.
  • Top gas exiting the blast furnace carries along important amounts of solid matter, primarily in dust-like form. Before any subsequent use of the top gas, it is required to remove this solid material. This is conventionally achieved in a gas cleaning sub-plant of the blast furnace plant, which typically comprises first dry separation equipment— with a gravity-separator (dust catcher) and/or an axial cyclone— and a subsequent wet, fine cleaning device (wet separator). Due to the wet cleaning, the top gas temperature drops by about 100°C, is saturated with water vapor and includes additional liquid water droplets.
  • the top gas expands to close to atmospheric pressure while producing mechanical work.
  • the turbine rotor can be coupled e.g. to an electric generator, to the cold blast compressor, or to any other load.
  • the efficiency of such expansion turbine can be increased by heating-up the cleaned— and thus cooled— top gas just before it enters the turbine. This is e.g. described in JP 62074009. While heating-up of the cleaned top gas is desirable in respect to TRT efficiency, the expanded top gas however has a higher outlet temperature. This may be problematic for a user such as e.g. a thermal power station, where the top gas will arrive at a temperature higher than expected.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an alternative method of recovering energy from blast furnace gas in a TRT plant as well as a corresponding system. This object is achieved by a method as claimed in claim 1 and a blast furnace top gas recovery system as claimed in claim 4.
  • expanded BF top gas leaving the expansion turbine in a TRT plant is used as a heat source in a heat-exchanger located inbetween the top gas cleaning unit/plant and the (conventional) preheating unit upstream of the expansion turbine.
  • the residual heat of the expanded top gas flow downstream of the expansion turbine is used to warm-up (preheat) the cleaned top gas flow upstream of the expansion turbine.
  • This circulation scheme of the BF top gas in a TRT plant proves significantly advantageous. First, it allows increasing the temperature of the cleaned BF top gas at the turbine inlet, since heat can be removed in the heat exchanger downstream of the turbine, so that the cleaned, expanded gas can be delivered to the clean gas network at a temperature convenient for downstream users. Secondly, since cleaned top gas is already partially warmed-up in the heat exchanger before the pre-heating unit, the amount of energy required in the pre-heating unit can be reduced.
  • heat exchanger herein encompasses any appropriate type of device where the flow of cleaned top gas upstream of the turbine can be brought into heat exchange relationship with the expanded top gas flow downstream of the turbine, however without mixing with one another. It is clear that in such heat exchanger the heat is transferred from the expanded cold gas to the top gas flow upstream of the turbine by conduction but there is no combustion of the expanded top gas stream in the heat exchanger itself.
  • a blast furnace top gas recovery system in accordance with one aspect of the present invention comprises: a top gas cleaning unit/plant conditioning top gas released by a blast furnace; a heat-exchanger comprising a heat-receiving side and a heat-giving side (each having an inlet and an outlet), wherein a first piping connects the outlet of said top gas cleaning plant with the inlet of the heat-receiving side of said heat exchanger; a pre-heating unit having an inlet connected to the outlet of said heat-giving side of said heat exchanger via a second piping; an expansion turbine having an inlet connected to the outlet of said pre-heating unit via a third piping and an outlet connected to the inlet of the heat-giving side of said heat exchanger via a fourth piping; a load coupled to the output shaft (rotor) of the expansion turbine.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gas energy recovery system for perform- ing the present method.
  • thermodynamic processes under simplified and ideal conditions
  • [B] mainly depends on the pressure ratio before and after the turbine, i.e. on the top gas overpressure at the exit of the blast furnace and the pressure loss in the gas cleaning unit/plant on the one hand as well as on the clean gas network after the turbine, on the other hand.
  • a top gas overpressure at the BF top of about 2.5 bar g or 3.5 bar a
  • a value of 0.236 may e.g. be obtained for term [B]. It may be noted that [B] increases with p-i, and tends towards 1 when p 2 /pi drops towards 0.
  • Term [A] only sensibly varies with the turbine entry temperature. [A] in- creases proportionally to temperature T-i and thus also the specific output work a, the latter being however moderated by term [B]. It may be noted that term [A] represents the enthalpy of the top gas.
  • T 0 be the absolute temperature of the top gas at the outlet of the top gas cleaning unit
  • T-i > T 0 represents the case with pre-heating.
  • T 2 does not exceed T 0 , i.e. that the turbine outlet temperature does not exceed the temperature at the outlet of the top gas cleaning plant.
  • T-i may not exceed the value T 0 /[C].
  • the present invention proposes introducing a heat-exchanger inbetween the top gas cleaning plant and the (conventional) pre-heating unit to take advantage of the heat remaining in the expanded top gas and warm-up the cold, cleaned top gas. Accordingly, upon leaving the top gas cleaning plant the cold, cleaned top gas is fed into the heat-exchanger, on the cold side (heat- taking/receiving side) thereof, where its temperature increases from T 0 to T 0 i . In the heat-exchanger, heat is transferred to the cold cleaned gas from the expanded top gas that is fed into the hot side (heat-giving side) of the heat- exchanger.
  • the top gas is subsequently fed into in the conventional, pre-heating unit, where its temperature increases from T 0 i to T Downstream of the turbine, upon traversing the heat-exchanger, the temperature of top gas stream is decreased from T 2 to the desired temperature, i.e. again about T 0 , for entry into the clean gas network and use at a user facility.
  • Such operating process can be performed in a blast furnace plant as illustrated in Fig.1 and where the temperatures T 0 , ⁇ 0 ⁇ , ⁇ and T 2 are reported.
  • Reference sign 10 designates a blast furnace that is coupled to the top gas recovery system to recover the pneumatic energy from the top gas released by the furnace 10.
  • BF gas released from the BF 10 is fed into the top gas cleaning unit or plant generally indicated 12.
  • the top gas cleaning unit 12 preferably comprises a dry separator 16 serially connected with a wet separator 18. Any appropriate type of cleaning technology may be implemented in unit 12.
  • the cleaned top gas flow then enters into the heat exchanger 20 (where it is heated to T 0 i ) and subsequently into the pre-heating unit 22, from which it is released at T Subsequently, the pre-heated clean gas flow enters the expansion turbine 24 and exits therefrom at temperature T 2 .
  • This expanded gas stream flows through the heat-giving side of heat exchanger 20 and is delivered to the clean gas network at temperature T 0 .
  • the turbine 24 has a rotor with output shaft coupled to a load 30 such as for example an electric generator or an air compressor for the BF cold blast.
  • the heat-exchanger 20 is of the conventional type comprising: a plenum chamber on the cold (heat-taking) side that receives the cold top gas exiting from the cleaning plant 20; and a serpentine-like ducting traversing the plenum chamber and carrying the expanded top gas flow delivered by the turbine 24.
  • a plenum chamber on the cold (heat-taking) side that receives the cold top gas exiting from the cleaning plant 20
  • a serpentine-like ducting traversing the plenum chamber and carrying the expanded top gas flow delivered by the turbine 24.
  • any other type of heat-exchanger allowing bringing the upstream and downstream (relative to the turbine) BF gas flows into heat-exchange relationship, however without mixing, may be used. This heat exchange is preferably carried directly between the upstream and downstream BF gas without the use of an intermediate fluid loop.
  • the pre-heating unit 22 may of course also comprise a plenum/serpentine type heat exchanger, the heat-giving side of which may e.g. take its heat from a fluid heated via an external source, e.g. by combustion of BF gas or from the slag granulation installation, as e.g. described in JP 62074009 While in Fig.1 only the TRT system is represented and there is one piping system 14 interconnecting the various elements thereof, it is clear that not necessarily all but only a portion of top gas released by the BF 10 may be treated in the TRT, the remainder of top gas being used e.g. for heating (combustion) purposes in the pre-heating unit 22 or elsewhere, as it is clear to those skilled in the art. Let us now explain how the present process influences the operation of the recovery turbine.
  • a plenum/serpentine type heat exchanger the heat-giving side of which may e.g. take its heat from a fluid heated via an external source, e.g. by combustion
  • ⁇ - ⁇ has to be larger than T 0 * ⁇ 1/[C] - 1 ⁇ .
  • the limit value factor ⁇ 1/[C] - 1 ⁇ corresponds to the above-given limit for the pre-heating to avoid a temperature above T 0 at the turbine outlet, with a value of 0.31 in the exemplary calculation.
  • each augmentation of the temperature increase in the pre-heating unit 22 leads to an increase in the specific output work by a ratio of 1 :1 , or to the same extent as the change of enthalpy.
  • the preheating leads to an increase in the specific outlet work attenuated by factor [B], with a value of 0.236 in the example.
  • Table 1 summarized exemplary cases, under simplified conditions and neglecting the pressure losses in the heat exchanger 20 and pre-heating unit 22.
  • top gas is used for combustion in the pre-heating unit 22 for the temperature increase ⁇ - ⁇
  • the requirement for top gas is directly proportional to ⁇ -,.
  • the last column represents the effect of the introduced pre-heating energy.
  • the reference case is the heating-up to a temperature at which the expansion causes a lowering of the turbine outlet temperature to the turbine inlet temperature.
  • the influence of the increase in specific output work with respect to the "cold" turbine and the corresponding temperature increase (and thus heat) is formed in the pre-heating unit and this behavior is compared with the same in the reference case.
  • the increasing values show that increasing of the preheating (and thus the turbine inlet temperature), leads to an increase in efficiency.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Blast Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé et un système TRT pour la récupération d'énergie à partir de gaz de gueulard de haut fourneau dans une turbine de détente. Le courant de gaz de gueulard de haut fourneau en surpression libéré par un haut fourneau (10) est par la suite amené à passer dans une installation (12) de purification de gaz de gueulard, une unité de préchauffage (22) et une turbine de détente (24) raccordée à une charge (30). Le courant de gaz de gueulard est réchauffé dans un échangeur de chaleur (20) situé entre l'installation (12) de purification de gaz de gueulard et l'unité de préchauffage (22). Le flux de gaz de gueulard, après détente dans la turbine (24), alimente le côté fournissant de la chaleur de l'échangeur de chaleur (20).
PCT/EP2010/062960 2009-09-04 2010-09-03 Récupération d'énergie à partir d'un gaz de haut fourneau dans une turbine de détente Ceased WO2011026940A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2010900011266U CN202595161U (zh) 2009-09-04 2010-09-03 高炉炉顶气回收系统

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU91604 2009-09-04
LU91604A LU91604B1 (en) 2009-09-04 2009-09-04 Recovery of energy from blast furnace gas in an expansion turbine.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011026940A1 true WO2011026940A1 (fr) 2011-03-10

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Country Link
CN (1) CN202595161U (fr)
LU (1) LU91604B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011026940A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102304595A (zh) * 2011-09-23 2012-01-04 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 高炉煤气余压透平发电系统
CN102352784A (zh) * 2011-10-28 2012-02-15 西安陕鼓动力股份有限公司 一种炼铁高炉与烧结能量回收联合发电机组
LU91917B1 (de) * 2011-12-16 2013-06-17 Wurth Paul Sa Kaltwinderzeugung aus Schlackewaerme
CN103615322A (zh) * 2013-11-20 2014-03-05 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司 Trt机组超速控制系统及其超速控制方法
CN103620168A (zh) * 2011-06-03 2014-03-05 瓦锡兰芬兰有限公司 降低排气温度的排气系统和方法
US20160319383A1 (en) * 2013-12-12 2016-11-03 Thyssenkrupp Ag Combined system for producing steel and method for operating the combined system

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LU92525B1 (en) * 2014-08-19 2016-02-22 Wurth Paul Sa Blast furnace plant
CN108590780A (zh) * 2018-05-23 2018-09-28 湖北新冶钢特种钢管有限公司 一种trt机组进口煤气预热系统及其使用方法
CN117512251A (zh) * 2022-07-29 2024-02-06 上海安可科技股份有限公司 一种转炉高位落料系统及落料方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54115605A (en) * 1978-02-28 1979-09-08 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd Recovering method for energy of blast furnace top gas
JPS5514807A (en) * 1978-07-13 1980-02-01 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> Recovering method for heat energy from top gas of blast furnace
SU1177351A2 (ru) * 1982-12-24 1985-09-07 Запорожский индустриальный институт Устройство нагрева доменного газа
JPS6274009A (ja) 1985-09-27 1987-04-04 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 高炉炉頂圧回収発電方法
JPS62185810A (ja) * 1986-02-12 1987-08-14 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 高炉ガス熱エネルギ−回収装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54115605A (en) * 1978-02-28 1979-09-08 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd Recovering method for energy of blast furnace top gas
JPS5514807A (en) * 1978-07-13 1980-02-01 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> Recovering method for heat energy from top gas of blast furnace
SU1177351A2 (ru) * 1982-12-24 1985-09-07 Запорожский индустриальный институт Устройство нагрева доменного газа
JPS6274009A (ja) 1985-09-27 1987-04-04 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 高炉炉頂圧回収発電方法
JPS62185810A (ja) * 1986-02-12 1987-08-14 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 高炉ガス熱エネルギ−回収装置

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103620168A (zh) * 2011-06-03 2014-03-05 瓦锡兰芬兰有限公司 降低排气温度的排气系统和方法
CN102304595A (zh) * 2011-09-23 2012-01-04 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 高炉煤气余压透平发电系统
CN102352784A (zh) * 2011-10-28 2012-02-15 西安陕鼓动力股份有限公司 一种炼铁高炉与烧结能量回收联合发电机组
LU91917B1 (de) * 2011-12-16 2013-06-17 Wurth Paul Sa Kaltwinderzeugung aus Schlackewaerme
WO2013087838A1 (fr) 2011-12-16 2013-06-20 Paul Wurth S.A. Production de vent froid à partir de chaleur de laitier
CN103998626A (zh) * 2011-12-16 2014-08-20 保尔伍斯股份有限公司 来自炉渣热量的冷风生成
CN103615322A (zh) * 2013-11-20 2014-03-05 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司 Trt机组超速控制系统及其超速控制方法
CN103615322B (zh) * 2013-11-20 2016-01-20 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司 Trt机组超速控制系统及其超速控制方法
US20160319383A1 (en) * 2013-12-12 2016-11-03 Thyssenkrupp Ag Combined system for producing steel and method for operating the combined system
US10781498B2 (en) 2013-12-12 2020-09-22 Thyssenkrupp Ag Combined system for producing steel and method for operating the combined system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
LU91604B1 (en) 2011-03-07
CN202595161U (zh) 2012-12-12

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