WO2011010667A1 - 還元鉄製造用炭材内装塊成化物およびそれを用いた還元鉄製造方法 - Google Patents
還元鉄製造用炭材内装塊成化物およびそれを用いた還元鉄製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011010667A1 WO2011010667A1 PCT/JP2010/062254 JP2010062254W WO2011010667A1 WO 2011010667 A1 WO2011010667 A1 WO 2011010667A1 JP 2010062254 W JP2010062254 W JP 2010062254W WO 2011010667 A1 WO2011010667 A1 WO 2011010667A1
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- reduced iron
- carbonaceous material
- briquette
- iron
- producing reduced
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/10—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in hearth-type furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0066—Preliminary conditioning of the solid carbonaceous reductant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/243—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders inorganic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/244—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic
- C22B1/245—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic with carbonaceous material for the production of coked agglomerates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/134—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by avoiding CO2, e.g. using hydrogen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a carbonaceous material agglomerated material used as a raw material for a moving hearth furnace for producing reduced iron and a method for producing reduced iron using the same.
- the produced reduced iron is used as an iron raw material for blast furnaces, converters, electric furnaces, etc., but it has as high C content as possible to improve the energy efficiency of the furnace and as much as possible to prevent pulverization.
- a high strength material is desired.
- Crushing strength is generally used as an index for evaluating the strength of reduced iron that can be used in these furnaces.
- 180 kgf is recommended as the crushing strength recommended to withstand the handling of the material from the rotary hearth furnace until it is charged into the blast furnace and the pressure of the load in the blast furnace.
- / Piece about 1760 N / piece or more is required.
- the present invention is a carbonaceous agglomerate used as a raw material for a mobile hearth furnace for producing reduced iron, and the produced reduced iron contains a sufficient amount of carbon while being further crushed.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a carbonaceous material agglomerate having strength and a method for producing reduced iron using the same.
- the invention according to claim 1 is a carbonaceous material agglomerated material used as a raw material of a mobile hearth furnace for producing reduced iron, the total content of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO and MgO. 7-15% by mass, MgO content 0.1-6% by mass, Al 2 O 3 / SiO 2 mass ratio 0.34-0.52, CaO / SiO 2 mass ratio 0.25-
- a carbonaceous material-incorporated agglomerate for producing reduced iron which is 2.0 and has a C content such that 1 to 9% by mass of C remains in the produced reduced iron.
- the invention according to claim 2 is the carbonaceous material agglomerated product for reducing iron production according to claim 1, wherein the porosity of the carbonaceous material agglomerated product is 37.5% or less.
- Invention of Claim 3 makes the average particle diameter d50 by the laser diffraction scattering type particle size distribution measuring method of the carbonaceous material contained in the said carbonaceous material agglomerated material 30 micrometer or less of Claim 1 or 2 It is an agglomerated carbonaceous material agglomerate for the production of reduced iron.
- the invention according to claim 4 is an agglomerated carbonaceous material agglomerated material for producing reduced iron according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising at least iron-making dust.
- the invention according to claim 5 is a method of producing reduced iron by heating and reducing the carbonized agglomerate for producing reduced iron according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in a moving hearth furnace.
- the moving hearth furnace is divided into a plurality of zones in the moving direction of the hearth, and the final zone is an oxidizing atmosphere.
- the invention according to claim 6 is the method for producing reduced iron according to claim 5, wherein the oxidizing atmosphere in the final zone has a gas oxidation degree OD of 1.0 or more.
- OD (CO 2 + H 2 O + 2O 2 ) / (CO 2 + H 2 O + O 2 + CO + H 2 ) [However, the units of CO 2 , H 2 O, O 2 , CO, and H 2 are% by volume].
- the carbon material can be sufficiently contained while containing carbon sufficiently. Reduced iron with strength can be manufactured.
- FIG. 3 is a FeO—CaO—Al 2 O 3 —SiO 2 phase diagram for explaining the relationship between the slag component of the carbonaceous material-containing briquette and the liquidus temperature.
- FIG. 3 is a MgO—CaO—Al 2 O 3 —SiO 2 phase diagram for explaining the relationship between the slag component of the carbonaceous material-containing briquette and the liquidus temperature. It is sectional drawing which shows the internal structure after reduction
- the present invention is characterized in that the slag component composition and the carbon content in the carbonaceous material-incorporated briquette are within a predetermined range, thereby making it more suitable as an iron raw material for blast furnaces, electric furnaces, converters, etc. A reduced iron product with further improved crushing strength can be obtained.
- the carbon material-containing briquette the total content of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO and MgO in the carbon material-containing briquette is 7 to 15% by mass, and the MgO content is 0.1 to 6 % By mass, a mass ratio of Al 2 O 3 / SiO 2 of 0.34 to 0.52, and a mass ratio of CaO / SiO 2 of 0.25 to 2.0 (more preferably 0.25 to 1.5,
- the carbon content in the carbonaceous material-containing briquette is such that 1-9% by mass of C remains in the reduced iron obtained by reducing the carbonaceous material-containing briquette. It is preferable to use a material whose content is adjusted.
- the total content of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO and MgO in the carbonaceous interior briquette is 7 to 15% by mass>
- the total content of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO and MgO in the carbonaceous interior briquette substantially corresponds to the slag component content in the carbonaceous interior briquette. If the slag component content in the carbonaceous material-containing briquette is too low, the effect of promoting the sintering of metallic iron due to melting of the slag component cannot be expressed.
- the slag component content in the carbonaceous material-containing briquette is too high, the slag content in the reduced iron after reduction becomes too high, which inhibits the sintering reaction of metallic iron and acts to lower the strength. At the same time, the iron quality decreases.
- a preferable range of the total content of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO and MgO in the carbonaceous material-containing briquette is 7 to 15% by mass.
- the total content of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO and MgO in the carbonaceous material-containing briquette used in the following heat reduction test was in the range of 7 to 15% by mass.
- MgO content of 0.1 to 6% by mass If the MgO content is increased, the melting point of the slag is increased, the slag melting amount is decreased, and the effect of expressing the strength of reduced iron described later cannot be sufficiently exhibited. Therefore, the upper limit of the MgO content is set to 6% by mass. . On the other hand, since the MgO component is inevitably contained in the steelmaking dust, the lower limit of the MgO content is set to 0.1% by mass.
- the MgO content of the carbonaceous material-containing briquette used in the following heat reduction test was in the range of 0.1 to 6% by mass.
- the mass ratio of Al 2 O 3 / SiO 2 is 0.34 to 0.52, and the mass ratio of CaO / SiO 2 is 0.25 to 2.0 (more preferably 0.25 to 1.5, particularly preferably 0.25 to 1.0)>
- the present inventors first performed the following heat reduction test in order to investigate the influence of the slag component composition on the crushing strength of the product reduced iron.
- the mixing ratio of the iron ore and the iron-making dust mixture obtained by mixing multiple types of iron-making dust including blast furnace dust is prepared to prepare a blended raw material with various changes in the slag component composition. It was formed into a pillow-shaped carbon material-containing briquette of ⁇ 7 cm 3 , and this was dried to a moisture content of 1% by mass or less with a dryer.
- Table 1 shows an example of the chemical properties of the dried briquettes (hereinafter referred to as “dried briquettes”).
- “TC” indicates the total amount of carbon
- T.Fe indicates the total amount of iron
- M.Fe indicates the amount of metallic iron
- TC indicates Fe 2 O. 3 , FeO and “M.Fe”. Na, K, and Pb do not exist in an atomic state, but exist as an oxide or the like.
- Heating reduction test results The measurement results are shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the reduction is achieved by setting the mass ratio of Al 2 O 3 / SiO 2 to 0.34 to 0.52 and the mass ratio of CaO / SiO 2 to 0.25 to 1.0. It has been found that the crushing strength of iron further increases to 180 kgf / piece (about 1760 N / piece) or more.
- the liquidus temperature is 1200 to 1300 in the specific range. Since it becomes a relatively low temperature region of about 0 ° C., slag components (CaO, Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 ) are generated during the reduction from iron oxide to metallic iron, or metallic iron is in an oxidizing atmosphere. This is considered to be due to the reaction with wustite (FeO) generated by reoxidation to lower the melting point, and a part of it melts into a solid-liquid coexistence state, which promotes the sintering of metallic iron.
- FeO wustite
- the specific range is a region that does not include the eutectic point P, which is the lowest melting point, and slightly deviates to the high temperature side.
- the reason for this is considered as follows. That is, if the slag component of the carbonaceous material-containing briquette is a composition near the eutectic point P in FIG. 2, the slag component reacts with wustite (FeO) and melts all at once, and the slag component rapidly The total amount of melting creates a lot of voids in the briquette and, on the other hand, hinders the promotion of sintering of metallic iron, so that high strength cannot be obtained.
- wustite FeO
- the liquidus temperature is 1300 to The liquidus temperature is about 1400 ° C., which is about 100 ° C. higher than the case where FeO shown in FIG. 2 coexists. From this, it is understood that the coexistence of wustite (FeO) is desirable in order to facilitate melting of the slag component.
- FeO wustite
- the CaO / SiO 2 of the carbonaceous material-containing briquette is particularly preferably in the range of 0.25 to 1.0 from the above test results, but even when CaO is excessively present in the carbonaceous material-containing briquette, Since part of CaO melts, CaO / SiO 2 of the molten slag can be in the range of 0.25 to 1.0, so that the sintering of metallic iron is promoted by the same action as described above, and the strength of reduced iron Therefore, CaO / SiO 2 has a preferred range of 0.25 to 2.0 (more preferably 0.25 to 1.5).
- the adjustment of the composition of the slag component of the carbonaceous material interior briquette for example, by adjusting the addition amount of CaO sources such as limestone and quicklime in addition to the mixing ratio of ironmaking dust and iron ore having a plurality of different slag component compositions It can be carried out.
- CaO sources such as limestone and quicklime
- ⁇ Residual amount of C in product reduced iron obtained by reducing carbonaceous material briquettes 1 to 9% by mass> If the amount of C residue in the product reduced iron obtained by reducing the carbonaceous material briquette is too low, it will remain in the product reduced iron when used as an iron raw material for blast furnaces, converters, electric furnaces, etc. The effect of residual carbon as a reducing material for reducing reduced iron oxide (FeO or the like) becomes insufficient, and the effect of improving the melting rate by carburizing metal iron cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the C residual amount in the product reduced iron becomes too high, a large amount of carbon particles remaining in the reduced iron hinder the binding of the metal iron particles, and the strength of the reduced iron becomes insufficient. A preferable range of the C residual amount in the reduced iron obtained by reducing the carbonaceous material-containing briquette is 1 to 9% by mass.
- the C content in the product reduced iron obtained by reducing the carbonaceous material-containing briquette used in the heat reduction test was in the range of 1 to 9% by mass.
- the adjustment of the C residual amount in the product reduced iron can be performed by adjusting the amount of carbon material (carbon content) in the carbonaceous material interior briquette.
- carbon content For example, in the production of the carbonaceous material interior briquette, the carbon content This can be done by adjusting the blending ratio of high blast furnace dust and the amount of coal such as coal and coke powder added.
- the carbon content Xc in the carbonaceous material-containing briquette may be specifically set using the following formula (1).
- Xc XcT + XcR
- XcT (12/16) ⁇ Xo
- XcT is the theoretical C amount necessary to completely reduce iron oxide and zinc oxide in the carbonaceous material-containing briquette to metal
- XcR is expressed as The amount of residual C in the reduced iron when the iron oxide and zinc oxide are completely reduced to metal by the theoretical C amount XcT
- Xo is the amount of oxygen of iron oxide and zinc oxide in the carbonaceous material briquette. The total amount with oxygen.
- the theoretical C amount is defined as requiring 1 mol of carbon to reduce 1 mol of oxygen in iron oxide or zinc oxide.
- the reduction of briquette with a carbonaceous material the reduction of iron oxide or zinc oxide (gas reduction) with the CO gas generated by the reduction of iron oxide or zinc oxide (direct reduction) with carbon is further performed. As it proceeds, less than one mole of carbon may be required to reduce one mole of oxygen in iron oxide or zinc oxide.
- heating of the carbonaceous material-containing briquette in the moving hearth furnace is performed by combustion of the burner, so that part of the carbonaceous material (carbon) in the carbonaceous material-containing briquette is made of iron oxide and zinc oxide by the combustion gas. It is consumed without being used for reduction.
- the decrease in C consumption due to gas reduction and the increase in C consumption due to burner combustion gas are almost offset, so the theoretical C amount can be regarded as the C amount actually required for reduction. it can.
- a moving hearth furnace for example, When producing reduced iron by heating and reducing in a rotary hearth furnace, this rotary hearth furnace is divided into a plurality of zones in the moving direction of the hearth, and the final zone is an oxidizing atmosphere. It is preferable.
- metallic iron near the surface of the reduced iron obtained by reducing the carbonaceous material-containing briquette is reoxidized and wustite ( FeO) to facilitate melting of the slag component and further promote the sintering of metallic iron.
- FIG. 4 shows the reduced iron obtained by reducing the carbonaceous material-containing briquette in a reducing atmosphere (FIG. (A)) and an oxidizing atmosphere (FIG. (B)) in the above heat reduction test.
- the internal structure is compared and shown.
- the bonding between metallic iron particles is advanced, but in the case of the one reduced in an oxidizing atmosphere ((b) in the figure), molten wustite particles (gray) exist in the vicinity of the briquette surface.
- the metallic iron (white) that is bonded is thickened, and it can be seen that the sintering of the metallic iron is more advanced.
- the crushing strength of reduced iron in FIG. 4A is about 300 kgf / piece (about 2940 N / piece), whereas the crushing strength of reduced iron in FIG. 4B is 600 kgf / piece (about 5880 N / piece). ).
- the oxidizing atmosphere in the final zone is preferably 1.0 or more in terms of gas oxidation degree OD.
- OD (CO 2 + H 2 O + 2O 2 ) / (CO 2 + H 2 O + O 2 + CO + H 2 ) [However, the units of CO 2 , H 2 O, O 2 , CO, and H 2 are% by volume].
- the gas oxidation degree of the atmosphere in the final zone can be adjusted by, for example, the burner air-fuel ratio.
- the present inventors investigated the influence of various parameters on the crushing strength of reduced iron obtained by reducing a carbonaceous material-containing briquette produced using iron-making dust under the same test conditions as in Embodiment 2 above. It was.
- FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the C content in the reduced iron and the crushing strength of the reduced iron.
- reduced iron having a crushing strength of 180 kgf / piece (about 1760 N / piece) or more which is more suitable as an iron raw material for a blast furnace or the like, has a low C content (C: 1 mass% to 4 mass%).
- region B those having a high C content (C: 4% by mass or more)
- region A is on the extension line
- Fig. 6 shows the relationship between the porosity of the carbonaceous interior briquette and the crushing strength of the reduced iron. As shown in the figure, a very good correlation is recognized between the porosity of the carbonaceous material-containing briquette and the crushing strength of the reduced iron regardless of the level of the C content of the reduced iron.
- the porosity of the carbonaceous material-containing briquette by controlling the porosity of the carbonaceous material-containing briquette to 37.5% or less, it has a high pressure crushing strength of 180 kgf / piece (about 1760 N / piece) or more regardless of the C content. Reduced iron can be produced reliably.
- the distance between the iron oxide particles in the carbonaceous material-containing briquette is reduced, and the reduction of the binding of the metallic iron particles after reduction (metal iron firing) ) Is promoted and the strength of the reduced iron is considered to be further improved.
- the lower limit is preferably 25%.
- the apparent density of the carbonaceous material interior briquette the apparent density of the dry briquette is measured and used.
- the true density of the carbonaceous material interior briquette is the true density of each component material of the carbonaceous interior briquette. The value obtained by weighted averaging with the blending ratio was used.
- the porosity of the carbonaceous interior briquette can be reduced by ordinary molding means. In some cases, it is difficult to set the content to 37.5% or less. In such a case, for example, the apparent density of the carbonaceous material-containing briquette is increased by mixing the new material with the sieving after compression molding with a briquette machine and returning it to the briquette machine to perform compression molding (that is, Means for reducing the porosity) (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-7667) can be employed.
- Embodiment 3 In the said Embodiment 1 and 2, although the case where it did not specifically limit about the particle size of the carbonaceous material comprised in a carbonaceous material interior briquette was illustrated, the carbonaceous material interior briquette is made into the specific range. The amount of residual carbon in the reduced iron can be increased while securing the crushing strength of the product reduced iron obtained by reduction.
- the average particle size d50 of the carbonaceous material contained in the carbonaceous material-incorporated briquette is 30 ⁇ m or less (more preferably 10 ⁇ m or less) as measured by a laser diffraction scattering type particle size distribution measurement method.
- a blast furnace wet dust containing a large amount of carbon particles derived from coke powder or pulverized coal is used as ironmaking dust, and a carbon material-containing briquette is produced using the carbon particles of the blast furnace wet dust as a carbonaceous material. It was found that the obtained reduced iron can increase the amount of residual carbon in the reduced iron while ensuring the crushing strength.
- FIG. 7 shows a particle size distribution as shown in FIG. 7 .
- FIG. 8 shows the blast furnace wet dust observed with a scanning electron microscope.
- the particle size of the carbon particles is at least the particle size of the entire blast furnace wet dust shown in FIG. 7 (average particle size d50 is 30 ⁇ m), and the observation result by the scanning electron microscope of FIG. From this, it is estimated that the average particle diameter d50 is 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the recommended value of the average particle diameter d50 of the carbonaceous material contained in the carbonaceous material-containing briquette by the laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measurement method was 30 ⁇ m or less, and further 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the adjustment of the average particle diameter d50 of the carbonaceous material contained in the carbonaceous material-incorporated briquette may be carried out, for example, by adjusting the blending ratio when blast furnace wet dust is used as part of the raw material. What is necessary is just to carry out by adjusting those grind
- the rotary hearth furnace is exemplified as the furnace type of the moving hearth furnace, but a linear furnace may be used.
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Abstract
Description
ここに、OD=(CO2+H2O+2O2)/(CO2+H2O+O2+CO+H2)
[ただし、CO2、H2O、O2、COおよびH2の単位は容量%]である。
本発明は、炭材内装ブリケット中のスラグ成分組成および炭素含有量を所定の範囲とすることを特徴とし、これにより、高炉や電気炉、転炉などの鉄原料としてより適した、炭素を十分に含有しつつ、圧潰強度がさらに高められた製品還元鉄が得られる。
炭材内装ブリケット中における、SiO2、Al2O3、CaOおよびMgOの合計含有量は、炭材内装ブリケット中のスラグ成分含有量にほぼ相当する。炭材内装ブリケット中のスラグ成分含有量が低すぎるとスラグ成分の溶融化による金属鉄の焼結促進効果が発現できなくなる。一方、炭材内装ブリケット中のスラグ成分含有量が高すぎると、還元後の還元鉄中のスラグ含有量が高くなりすぎて金属鉄の焼結反応を阻害して強度を低下するように作用するとともに、鉄品位が低下する。炭材内装ブリケット中における、SiO2、Al2O3、CaOおよびMgOの合計含有量の好適範囲は、7~15質量%である。
MgO含有量が高くなると、スラグの融点が高くなり、スラグの溶融量が減少し、後述の還元鉄の強度発現作用を十分に発揮し得なくので、MgO含有量の上限は6質量%とした。一方、製鉄ダスト中には不可避的にMgO成分が含まれることから、MgO含有量の下限は0.1質量%とした。
本発明者らは、先ず、製品還元鉄の圧潰強度に及ぼすスラグ成分組成の影響を調査するため、以下の加熱還元試験を実施した。
高炉ダストを含む複数種類の製鉄ダストを混合してなる製鉄ダスト混合物と鉄鉱石の配合割合を調製してスラグ成分組成を種々変更した配合原料を作製し、これを双ロール型ブリケットマシンで体積6~7cm3の枕形の炭材内装ブリケットに成形し、これを乾燥機で含有水分1質量%以下まで乾燥した。乾燥後のブリケット(以下、「乾燥ブリケット」という。)の化学性状の一例を表1に示す。尚、表中の「T.C」は炭素の全量、「T.Fe」は鉄の全量、「M.Fe」は金属鉄の量を示しており、「T.Fe」にはFe2O3,FeO及び「M.Fe」が含まれる。また、Na、K、Pbは原子の状態では存在せず、酸化物等として存在する。
測定結果を図1に示す。同図に示すように、Al2O3/SiO2の質量比を0.34~0.52、CaO/SiO2の質量比を0.25~1.0の範囲とするとすることで、還元鉄の圧潰強度が180kgf/個(約1760N/個)以上と、さらに上昇することを見出した。
炭材内装ブリケットを還元して得られた製品還元鉄中のC残留量が低くなりすぎると、高炉や転炉、電気炉等の鉄原料として使用した場合における、製品還元鉄中に残留する未還元の酸化鉄(FeO等)を還元する還元材としての残留炭素の作用が不十分となるとともに、金属鉄への浸炭による溶融速度の向上効果が得られなくなる。一方、製品還元鉄中のC残留量が高くなりすぎると、還元鉄中に残留する多量の炭素粒子が金属鉄粒子の結合を妨げるため還元鉄の強度が不足する。炭材内装ブリケットを還元して得られた製品還元鉄中のC残留量の好適範囲は1~9質量%である。
Xc=XcT+XcR …式(1)
ここに、XcT=(12/16)・Xoであり、XcTは、炭材内装ブリケット中の酸化鉄および酸化亜鉛を完全に金属まで還元するのに必要な理論C量であり、XcRは、この理論C量XcTにより前記酸化鉄および酸化亜鉛が完全に金属まで還元された際における、還元鉄中の残留C量であり、Xoは、炭材内装ブリケット中における、酸化鉄の酸素と酸化亜鉛の酸素との合計量である。
ここで、OD=(CO2+H2O+2O2)/(CO2+H2O+O2+CO+H2)
[ただし、CO2、H2O、O2、COおよびH2の単位は容量%]である。
上記実施形態1では、炭材内装ブリケット内の物理的構造については特に限定しない場合を例示したが、炭材内装ブリケット内の物理的構造、特に、炭材内装ブリケットの気孔率を特定の範囲とすることで、還元して得られた製品還元鉄中の残留炭素量が多い場合でも、十分に高い圧潰強度が確実に得られる。
気孔率(%)=(1-[見掛け密度]/[真密度])×100
で計算されるが、炭材内装ブリケットの見掛け密度としては、乾燥ブリケットの見掛け密度を測定して使用し、炭材内装ブリケットの真密度としては、炭材内装ブリケットの構成原料それぞれ単独の真密度を配合割合で加重平均して求めた値を使用した。
上記実施形態1および2では、炭材内装ブリケット中に内装される炭材の粒度については特に限定しない場合を例示したが、炭材の粒度を特定の範囲とすることで、炭材内装ブリケットを還元して得られた製品還元鉄の圧潰強度を確保しつつ、還元鉄中の残留炭素量をより多くすることができる。
上記実施形態では、炭材内装塊成化物の塊成化物としての形態としてブリケットを例示したが、ペレットでもよい。
本出願は、2009年7月21日出願の日本特許出願(特願2009-169719)に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。
Claims (6)
- 還元鉄を製造するための移動炉床炉の原料として用いられる炭材内装塊成化物であって、SiO2、Al2O3、CaOおよびMgOの合計含有量が7~15質量%、MgO含有量が0.1~6質量%、Al2O3/SiO2の質量比が0.34~0.52、CaO/SiO2の質量比が0.25~2.0であり、かつ、製造された還元鉄中にCが1~9質量%残留するようなC含有量であることを特徴とする還元鉄製造用炭材内装塊成化物。
- 前記炭材内装塊成化物の気孔率を37.5%以下とする請求項1に記載の還元鉄製造用炭材内装塊成化物。
- 前記炭材内装塊成化物中に含まれる炭材の、レーザー回折散乱式粒度分布測定法による平均粒径d50を30μm以下とする請求項1または2に記載の還元鉄製造用炭材内装塊成化物。
- 少なくとも製鉄ダストを含む請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の還元鉄製造用炭材内装塊成化物。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の還元鉄製造用炭材内装塊成化物を、移動炉床炉で加熱し還元して還元鉄を製造する方法であって、前記移動炉床炉は炉床の移動方向に複数のゾーンに分割され、その最終ゾーンが酸化性雰囲気であることを特徴とする還元鉄製造方法。
- 前記最終ゾーンの酸化性雰囲気が、ガス酸化度ODで1.0以上である請求項5に記載の還元鉄製造方法。
ここに、OD=(CO2+H2O+2O2)/(CO2+H2O+O2+CO+H2)
[ただし、CO2、H2O、O2、COおよびH2の単位は容量%]である。
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| EP10802287.2A EP2458020B1 (en) | 2009-07-21 | 2010-07-21 | Carbon composite briquette for producing reduced iron and method for producing reduced iron employing the same |
| US13/386,158 US20120240725A1 (en) | 2009-07-21 | 2010-07-21 | Carbon composite agglomerate for producing reduced iron and method for producing reduced iron using the same |
| KR1020127001589A KR101313367B1 (ko) | 2009-07-21 | 2010-07-21 | 환원철 제조용 탄재 내장 괴성화물 및 그것을 이용한 환원철 제조방법 |
| AU2010274314A AU2010274314B2 (en) | 2009-07-21 | 2010-07-21 | Carbon composite briquette for producing reduced iron and method for producing reduced iron employing the same |
| CA 2766256 CA2766256C (en) | 2009-07-21 | 2010-07-21 | Carbon composite agglomerate for producing reduced iron and method for producing reduced iron using the same |
| RU2012106122/02A RU2012106122A (ru) | 2009-07-21 | 2010-07-21 | Углеродный композитный агломерат для получения восстановленного железа и способ получения восстановленного железа с его использованием |
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| WO2012066899A1 (ja) * | 2010-11-15 | 2012-05-24 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 還元鉄の製造方法 |
| RU2493271C1 (ru) * | 2012-05-22 | 2013-09-20 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Волгоградский государственный технический университет" (ВолгГТУ) | Брикет для производства чугуна и стали |
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| KR101442920B1 (ko) * | 2012-12-18 | 2014-09-22 | 주식회사 포스코 | 환원철 제조방법 및 제조장치 |
| KR101448607B1 (ko) * | 2013-01-07 | 2014-10-14 | 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 | 철의 제조 방법 |
| JP6235439B2 (ja) * | 2014-09-10 | 2017-11-22 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 粒状金属鉄の製造方法 |
| TWI711702B (zh) * | 2019-09-03 | 2020-12-01 | 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 | 鐵碳複合材料及鐵氧化物的還原方法 |
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| EP2458020B1 (en) | 2017-09-06 |
| RU2012106122A (ru) | 2013-08-27 |
| CA2766256A1 (en) | 2011-01-27 |
| AU2010274314A1 (en) | 2012-02-02 |
| US20120240725A1 (en) | 2012-09-27 |
| KR101313367B1 (ko) | 2013-10-01 |
| KR20120031080A (ko) | 2012-03-29 |
| EP2458020A1 (en) | 2012-05-30 |
| CN102471812A (zh) | 2012-05-23 |
| JP2011042869A (ja) | 2011-03-03 |
| AU2010274314B2 (en) | 2013-02-07 |
| JP5466590B2 (ja) | 2014-04-09 |
| CN102471812B (zh) | 2014-05-14 |
| CA2766256C (en) | 2014-01-28 |
| EP2458020A4 (en) | 2015-08-19 |
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