WO2011098116A1 - Adapter for connecting an electrical load to the charging station of a mains supply, in order to identify the load and to integrate the load into a control network - Google Patents
Adapter for connecting an electrical load to the charging station of a mains supply, in order to identify the load and to integrate the load into a control network Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011098116A1 WO2011098116A1 PCT/EP2010/051570 EP2010051570W WO2011098116A1 WO 2011098116 A1 WO2011098116 A1 WO 2011098116A1 EP 2010051570 W EP2010051570 W EP 2010051570W WO 2011098116 A1 WO2011098116 A1 WO 2011098116A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- consumer
- adapter
- load
- network
- connection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
- H01R13/70—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
- B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
- B60L53/665—Methods related to measuring, billing or payment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/67—Controlling two or more charging stations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/70—Interactions with external data bases, e.g. traffic centres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/70—Interactions with external data bases, e.g. traffic centres
- B60L2240/72—Charging station selection relying on external data
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R2201/00—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications
- H01R2201/26—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications for vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R31/00—Coupling parts supported only by co-operation with counterpart
- H01R31/06—Intermediate parts for linking two coupling parts, e.g. adapter
- H01R31/065—Intermediate parts for linking two coupling parts, e.g. adapter with built-in electric apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
- Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
- Y04S30/14—Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing
Definitions
- Adapter for connecting an electrical consumer to a charging station of a power network, for identifying the consumer and for integrating the consumer in a control network Description
- the present invention relates to an adapter for connecting an electrical load to a charging station of a power grid, to identify the consumer and to integrate the consumer in a control network.
- these may be any electrical consumers, for example air conditioning systems, refrigeration units or compressors, or even consumers with high-performance batteries, such as electric or hybrid vehicles (plug-in vehicle, PIV for short), which draw electrical energy from the power grid. save and feed again.
- PIV plug-in vehicle
- a charging station is understood as a connection to the power grid, via which energy can be taken from the power grid and / or fed into the power grid via the energy.
- Integration into a network of rules means that the consumer, when connected to the charging station, is allowed to participate in transactions over the electricity network or in connection with the electricity grid.
- transactions are processes that are carried out via the power network, ie in particular products and services that can be obtained or offered via the electricity network or in connection therewith, in particular purchase or sale but also sale or sale of electrical energy, ancillary services such as reference or delivery of control energy or control power, affecting a charge or discharge speed and / or Lade gravit. Discharge time interval and a loading or unloading time or the marketing of storage capacity.
- Execution and billing of transactions allows, so for example, the identification of participants, the authorization of the process, the inclusion of sales data (eg the load), the inclusion of data relating to the consumer (maximum energy consumption or -abgäbe etc.) and with respect to the power grid (Utilization, electricity prices etc.), the
- the control network is capable of integrating a large number of consumers and of the possibilities of consumers' energy intake and output as well as the possibilities of energy transmission through the power grid with status data of the power grid (load and demand) and market data (eg. Electricity prices, balancing energy or reserve prices) and to optimize or market the transfer of energy according to certain rules.
- the power network and control network operators will often be identical, but this is not always necessary as long as there is at least some cooperation or agreement between the operators so that the network operator can handle transactions over the power grid.
- Electricity is an exceptional product that must be available at the desired time and in the desired quantity at the desired time. A Over or under supply is not acceptable. It is the task of the electricity industry to maintain this balance of demand (load) and generation (available power plant output) reliably. Loading and storage management can make this task much easier.
- PIVs can store electricity in their batteries and consume them at a later time (electric driving) or feed them back into the power grid.
- the control network can specifically control this capability and thus open up and market the targeted charging of rechargeable batteries and the storage and re-feeding of electricity as a product.
- the charge management can many individual consumers with integrated energy storage, eg. As PIVs, combine to form a large controllable consumer group for electrical energy.
- the control network can selectively stop, start or shift the individual charging processes and thus vary the energy consumed by the entire charging system.
- Storage management can combine the rechargeable batteries that are distributed across many PIVs or other "consumers” into a large storage system for electricity, specifically creating storage capacity for commercialization. Storage management also uses the reintroduction of electricity from the PIV into the power grid (vehicle-to-grid). Storage can basically be used for all arbitrage transactions. It can therefore be assumed that storage capacity will in future be traded on energy markets as a supplement to power plant capacity.
- the regulatory network provided an appropriate infrastructure, the timing of the purchase of energy from the grid or the feed of
- Energy in the power grid the duration of energy transfer, the amount of energy transferred and the power transferred at a time to control or regulate according to suitable specifications.
- the consumer individually or connected to consumer groups.
- DSM Demand Site Management
- DSM is only possible after extensive installations or extensions of the energy supply systems for the participating consumers, for example at special charging stations, by the operator of the control network or the power grid can be selectively switched on and off.
- the publication DE 69509529 T2 describes a power grid or charging network with a plurality of tapping devices, each associated with a control device, as well as with a central computer unit.
- a microcomputer integrated in the consumer can communicate with the controller associated with the tapping device.
- the control devices in turn are in communication with the central computer unit. In this way, the consumer can be identified by the control device and, upon successful identification, charging or discharging processes can be controlled or regulated by the control device or, if appropriate, by the central computer unit.
- a major problem for participation in a regulatory network is that the cost (technology and labor) of integrating electrical consumers into DSM systems is high. Therefore, for "smaller" or individual consumers, it often does not make economic sense to participate in a DSM system. It will be some time before smart meters or other low cost mass applications with standardized solutions for these consumers will be available. Also, the number of available electric vehicles or other consumers specifically equipped to participate in the control network, as well as the number of appropriately equipped charging stations, is growing slowly and it will therefore take some time for industry-wide standards to prevail and generate greater revenue through such systems can be.
- the object of the invention is therefore to increase the accessibility to electrical energy, to reduce the integration effort and the costs and to simplify participation in an existing regulatory network.
- the adapter according to the invention is formed separately from the consumer and separately from the charging station, so integrated neither in the consumer nor in the charging station or fixed (insoluble) connected to one of these.
- the adapter comprises at least one charging station connection by means of which a detachable, energy transmission moderate connection of the adapter to the charging station can be produced by a user of the adapter, and at least one consumer connection, by means of which a user of the adapter a releasable, energy transfer moderate connection of the adapter the consumer can be produced.
- Participation in different control networks can be made possible by the fact that the adapter has corresponding different charging station connections and is registered with the individual control networks.
- An agreement between the various control networks in the manner of a roaming contract is also conceivable, as is usual in telephone networks.
- the adapter can also have different consumer connections, in order to allow consumers of different manufacturers and with different connection systems to participate in the control network.
- the terminals are designed so that the user (ie the person using the adapter) make the connection manually, ie without tools, for example by simply joining a plug or screw connection, or with the aid of simple tools such as a screwdriver and can solve again.
- releasable connection means that the connection can be loosened and re-established without adversely affecting damage to the adapter, charging station and consumer.
- the adapter is freely usable by all consumers registered with the control network and basically spatially independent both from the charging station and from the consumer. A physical connection is only necessary at the time of charging, after which the adapter can be removed again and used for other consumers or for other charging stations. In particular, the adapter is independent of the type and manufacturer of the consumer. Before participating in the regulatory network, it is only necessary to register the consumer, which, as explained in more detail below, can be carried out, for example, by telephone or via the Internet.
- the consumer and charging station connection can be provided directly on an adapter body or can be firmly connected to it via cable connections, which under certain circumstances can facilitate connection of the adapter to the consumer and the charging station.
- the adapter comprises an integrated in the adapter, at least switchable between an ON state and an OFF state switch, wherein when the switch is in the ON state, a power transmission moderate connection between the charging station terminal and the consumer Connection and whereby the energy transfer connection between the charging station connection and the consumer connection is in the OFF state of the switch. is modified over the ON state of the switch.
- This modification can take place in such a way that when the adapter is connected to the charging station of the power network, when the switch is in the OFF state, a lower power can be tapped off at the consumer terminal of the adapter than when the switch is in the ON state located.
- adapters to be connected to the energy sources in the first place as “consumers” that feed energy into the mains may alternatively be provided that when the adapter to the consumer when the switch is in the OFF state, on Charging station port of the adapter is less tappable than when the switch is in the ON state.
- a suitable device in the OFF state of the switch e.g. a suitable dimmer, a pulse width modulation device or the like.
- the adapter comprises a consumer identification device, which is designed to identify the consumer and assign a consumer identifier to the identified consumer.
- the consumer identification device can read a consumption identifier attached to the consumer or identify the consumer by reading out other data such as an identification number and then assign the corresponding consumer identifier to the identified consumer.
- such an identification can take place when the adapter is connected to the charging station and / or to the consumer.
- the identification of the consumer can be realized in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner by providing the consumer with an RFID chip or barcode and the adapter is equipped with a corresponding reader as a consumer identification device.
- the adapter comprises a control network communications device adapted to send the consumer network to the policy network and receive instructions from the policy network, and a transaction controller adapted to provide the switch according to instructions of the policy network turn.
- the control network communication device may be, for example, a GSM modem.
- the adapter can recognize the consumer and transmit the consumption identifier to the control network, which then, if necessary, sends the energy transfer by sending corresponding instructions to the adapter.
- tion between the consumer and the power grid can modify, for example by the consumer connected to the adapter temporarily disconnected from the network or at least its power consumption from the network is reduced.
- the switch can be designed so that in the OFF state, the energy transfer moderate connection between the charging station terminal and the load terminal is interrupted, for example as a simple circuit breaker.
- the adapter can continue to store data for storing data comprising the associated consumption detection and / or the instructions of the control network and / or times at which the identification of the consumer and / or the receipt of the instructions and / or switching of the switch take place.
- this may preferably be a nonvolatile memory, for example an EPROM or a flash memory.
- this data can also take place in a data memory of the control network. The relevant data for a particular user can then be sent to him by post or e-mail, or the user could view the corresponding data on the website of the regulatory network.
- the adapter further comprises a read-out connection, via which the data stored on the data memory can be read.
- readable data such as a USB port or a connection for wireless data transmission.
- the adapter further comprises a consumer communication device which is at least adapted to send the consumer control data to control the consumer according to control instructions of the control network.
- the consumer communication device may be further configured to consumer data be received by the consumer and the rule network communication device further be adapted to the control network to send the consumer data or derived from the consumer data data.
- the previously described adapter can be advantageously integrated into a system for controlling the energy transfer in a power grid.
- a system for controlling the transmission of energy in a power grid comprising both several adapters according to the invention for connecting to a control system.
- network includes registered consumers at charging stations of the power grid as well as the control network.
- control network has a database in which the registered consumers associated consumer identifications and consumer information, in particular type information and operating parameters are stored, a communication device for receiving consumer IDs from the adapters and for receiving power network information from the operator or customers of the power grid,
- a data processing system configured to identify the consumers connected via the adapters to the power grid based on the consumer detections, compare the received power network information with the consumer information, and send instructions to one or more adapters based on the comparison, the switches integrated therein to switch.
- the power grid information can include information about the utilization and condition of the power grid, about the electricity prices, requirements of customers (large consumers, municipal utilities, energy exchanges, brokers) etc.
- the user of the consumer To participate in the regulatory network, it is sufficient for the user of the consumer to register it, for example, via the Internet or telephone with the regulatory network, for example by indicating the type designation of the consumer or by sending a photograph of the nameplate.
- the operator of the control network can then assign the consumer an identifier and store this identifier and possibly other consumer information in his database.
- This information may, for example, be the consumer's normal power consumption, production process conditions or other technical information either obtained by the operator from the user or by comparison of a type designation with corresponding catalog data can determine.
- the database can also store information about how often and how long a particular consumer may be disconnected from the network, for example due to technical specifications or due to a corresponding agreement with the user of the consumer.
- the operator can send the user after the registration of the consumer, for example, an RFID tag or barcode (eg on an adhesive label) on which the consumer identifier is stored, and the user so can attach to the consumer (such as by sticking to the appliance plug) that he can be read by the consumer identification device of the adapter according to the invention.
- an RFID tag or barcode eg on an adhesive label
- the user so can attach to the consumer (such as by sticking to the appliance plug) that he can be read by the consumer identification device of the adapter according to the invention.
- the rule network can determine which registered consumers are connected to the power grid at a given time.
- the identification of the consumer in combination with the stored consumer data which may also include predetermined control parameters, significantly reduces the likelihood of faulty regulation or billing since it can be checked at any time which consumer is connected to an adapter.
- the geographical location or location in the network can be determined in this way.
- the user of a consumer from the rule network automatically, for. B. by e-mail, receives a response when a consumer has been removed from an adapter and, for example, another consumer has been connected.
- the network and the data processing system of the control network can be used to supply the power grid information, for example information about the utilization of the power grid, in particular about supply bottlenecks and load peaks as well as about load requests of major customers of the power grid Electricity network and the prices on the electricity markets are compared with the consumer information of the consumers connected to the electricity network at that time.
- the technical and operational parameters can be compared with the demand of DSM customers and the energy transfer can be optimized according to commercial specifications.
- the power grid information can be transmitted by the power grid operator or by major customers.
- the energy supply of individual consumers or groups of consumers or the feeding of energy into the power network by individual consumers or groups of consumers can then be temporarily reduced, increased, postponed or interrupted or started by remotely controlled by the consumer Control network, the switches integrated in the adapters are switched to the OFF state or to the ON state as required.
- the integrated switches in which the integrated switches can be switched between more than two states, it is possible to switch to any possible state (if provided, also steplessly) as required.
- the system according to the invention enables a simple, error-resistant and cost-effective integration of many consumers, including smaller consumers or a cluster of consumers, in a control network, for example a DSM system.
- first real transactions can be carried out soon, without first having to wait for the widespread distribution of suitably equipped consumers and charging stations (with smart meters).
- Figure 1 shows a highly schematic and simplified representation of a first embodiment of the adapter according to the invention.
- Figure 2 shows a highly schematic and simplified representation of a second embodiment of the adapter according to the invention.
- Figure 3 shows a highly schematic and simplified representation of a third embodiment of the adapter according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of an adapter 20 according to the invention, a charging station 30 of an only indicated power network 1 and a device plug 9 of a likewise only indicated consumer 10. Furthermore, in a highly schematic and simplified form, the control network 11 is shown, in which the consumer 10 is registered. In the situation illustrated in FIG. 1, the adapter 20 is not yet connected to the charging station 30 and to the consumer 10 in order to be able to display the components of the adapter 20 better.
- the adapter 20 has a charging station connection 4b and a consumer connection 4c in the form of plug-in connection elements which are designed to produce a connection of the adapter with a charging station 30 and a load 10 in an energy-transmitting manner.
- the consumer 10 can be connected to the adapter 20 via the appliance plug 9.
- the connection is made via the consumer connection 4c of the adapter 20 and the compatible connection 4d of the plug 9.
- the charging station 30 shown in FIG. 1 comprises a connection 4a, which is compatible with the charging station connection 4b of the adapter 20, and may be, for example, B. be connected via a 230 V AC or 400 V three-phase connection to the power grid 1, which is indicated in the figure by a connecting line. It should be noted that, if necessary, other Connections, z. B. high performance connections can be used.
- the adapter 20 can be designed so that it can accommodate different connections via the terminals 4b and 4c. Consumers and charging stations with different plug connections can participate in the control network.
- Power supply 1 can be fed), is determined by the switching state of here only schematically indicated switch 6, which is integrated in the adapter 20, and which is switchable between an ON state and an OFF state.
- the switch 6 If the switch 6 is in the ON state, there is an energy transmission connection between the charging station connection 4b and the consumer connection 4c of the adapter 20. If the switch 6 is in the OFF state, the energy transmission connection is in the exemplary embodiment shown here interrupted between the charging station connection 4b and the consumer terminal 4c, so that even if the consumer 10 is connected to the adapter 20 and the adapter 20 to the charging station 30, the consumer 10 does not draw energy from the power grid 1.
- an RFID chip 3 is provided, are stored on the data for the identification of the consumer 10, for example, an identification number and possibly further information about the consumer.
- these data can be read out by a RFID reader provided on the adapter 20 as a consumer identification device 5, but it can also be provided that it to read the data from the consumer 10 is sufficient if it is located at a certain distance from the adapter 20.
- the read-out data may include the consumption detection, or the adapter identification device 5 may assign a consumption identifier to the read-out data or derive a consumption identifier from the latter, the consumption identifier, possibly including further data, subsequently via a control network communication device provided on the adapter 20 7 to a communication device 13 of the control network 11 (ie, the central energy management and accounting system) can be transmitted.
- a control network communication device provided on the adapter 20 7 to a communication device 13 of the control network 11 (ie, the central energy management and accounting system) can be transmitted.
- the control network communication device 7 is further configured to receive instructions from the control network 11. A likewise provided in the adapter transaction rule / control device 8, the switch 6 switch according to these instructions of the control network in the ON and in the OFF state and thus influence how much energy the load 10 at a given time from the power grid. 1 takes or gives in this.
- the control network communication device 7 may include a voltage source 74 that may be utilized by all components of the adapter 20, such as a battery, preferably a rechargeable battery. However, the arrangement of the voltage source 74 within the adapter 20 can be chosen freely, it does not have to be assigned to the control network communication device 7. Alternatively or additionally, the adapter 20 can be supplied with energy via the charging station 30.
- the control network 11 may comprise a database 21 in which the consumer identifications of registered consumers and possibly further consumer information are stored. It is connected via a communication device 13 in connection with usually several adapters according to the invention and recognizes in this way how many and which consumers are connected to the power supply.
- the communication device 13 can further serve to receive power network information from, for example, the network operator or large customers.
- the power grid information eg, grid load, wholesale power requirements, power market electricity prices
- the communication facility 13 may issue instructions to adapters 20 with appropriate consumers 10 connected thereto to switch the switches 6 integrated in the adapters 20 to the ON or OFF states (or, if provided, any intermediate state). In this way, the power transmission in the power grid can be optimized according to the specifications of the control network operator.
- the transactions for example the temporary disconnection of the consumer from the network based on instructions of the control network in the context of a DSM system, can then be billed between the user of the consumer 10 and the operator of the shop network 11.
- the rules network 11 together with several adapters 20, as they For example, shown in Figure 1, a system 50 for controlling the energy transfer in a power grid. 1
- the adapter 120 shown in Figure 2 differs from the adapter 20 in that it additionally has a data memory 115 in which e.g. the consumer identification, received instructions from the control network
- switch states and / or times may be stored, to which certain actions such as the switching of the switch 106, the identification of the consumer 110, the reception of instructions from the control network 111 or the connection of the adapter 120 to a charging station 130 follows are.
- a readout connection 117 here in the form of a USB connection
- the user of the consumer 110 can read out the stored data in a simple manner and thus understand how a consumer 110 connected to the charging station 130 via the adapter 120 is connected to the control network 111 participated.
- the adapter 220 according to the invention shown in FIG. 3 further comprises a consumer communication device 219 which can send control data to the consumer 210 in order to control it in accordance with control instructions of the control network 211, for example putting it into an idle state. Furthermore, the consumer communication device 219 may also receive consumer data from the consumer, which may then be forwarded to the rule network via the rule network communication device. In this way, for example, the database 221 of the control network 211 can be updated.
- the adapter 220 differs from the adapters 20 and 120 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in that the charging station connection 204b and the consumer connection 204c are not provided directly on an adapter body 220k but are firmly fixed by connection cables 220I connected to this.
- This configuration of the adapter body adapter and cables connected thereto by connections 204b, 204c is of course also possible for the adapter shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the cables 220k may be significantly longer than shown in the figure, to facilitate the connection of the adapter 220 to the charging station 230 and the load 210.
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Abstract
Description
Adapter zum Anschluss eines elektrischen Verbrauchers an eine Ladestation eines Stromnetzes, zur Identifizierung des Verbrauchers und zur Einbindung des Verbrauchers in ein Regelnetzwerk Beschreibung Adapter for connecting an electrical consumer to a charging station of a power network, for identifying the consumer and for integrating the consumer in a control network Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Adapter zum Anschluss eines elektrischen Verbrauchers an eine Ladestation eines Stromnetzes, zur Identifizierung des Verbrauchers und zur Einbindung des Verbrauchers in ein Regel- netzwerk. The present invention relates to an adapter for connecting an electrical load to a charging station of a power grid, to identify the consumer and to integrate the consumer in a control network.
Grundsätzlich kann es sich dabei um beliebige elektrische Verbraucher handeln, beispielsweise Klimaanlagen, Kühlaggregate oder Kompressoren, oder auch Verbraucher mit leistungsstarken Batterien, wie beispielsweise Elektro- oder Hybridfahrzeuge (Plug-In-Vehicle, kurz PIV), die elektrische Energie aus dem Stromnetz beziehen, speichern und wieder einspeisen können. Es können aber auch "Verbraucher" angeschlossen werden, die elektrische Energie erzeugen, z.B. Brennstoffzellen, Block-Heizkraftwerke oder Photo- voltaikanlagen. In principle, these may be any electrical consumers, for example air conditioning systems, refrigeration units or compressors, or even consumers with high-performance batteries, such as electric or hybrid vehicles (plug-in vehicle, PIV for short), which draw electrical energy from the power grid. save and feed again. However, it is also possible to connect "consumers" who generate electrical energy, e.g. Fuel cells, combined heat and power plants or photovoltaic plants.
Entsprechend wird unter einer Ladestation ein Anschluss an das Stromnetz verstanden, über den Energie aus dem Stromnetz bezogen oder/und über den Energie in das Stromnetz eingespeist werden kann. Unter der Einbindung in ein Regelnetzwerk wird verstanden, dass dem Verbraucher bei Anschluss an die Ladestation die Teilnahme an Transaktionen über das Stromnetz oder im Zusammenhang mit dem Stromnetz ermöglicht wird. Als Transaktionen werden zusammenfassend Vorgänge bezeichnet, die über das Stromnetz abgewickelt werden, also insbesondere Produkte und Dienstleistungen, die über das Stromnetz oder im Zusammenhang damit bezogen oder angeboten werden können, insbesondere Bezug bzw. Kauf aber auch Abgabe bzw. Verkauf von elektrischer Energie, Systemdienstleistungen wie etwa Bezug oder Abgabe von Regelenergie oder Regelleistung, die Beeinflussung einer Lade- bzw. Entladegeschwindigkeit oder/und eines Ladebzw. Entladezeitintervalls sowie eines Lade- bzw. Entladezeitpunkts oder das Vermarkten von Speicherkapazität. Insbesondere können durch solche Transaktionen der Zeitpunkt des Bezugs oder/und der Abgabe von Energie durch einen oder mehrere Verbraucher, ggf. die Dauer der Energieübertragung oder/und die übertragene Energiemenge oder/und Leistung geregelt bzw. gesteuert werden. Als Regelnetzwerk wird schließlich das System verstanden, welches dieAccordingly, a charging station is understood as a connection to the power grid, via which energy can be taken from the power grid and / or fed into the power grid via the energy. Integration into a network of rules means that the consumer, when connected to the charging station, is allowed to participate in transactions over the electricity network or in connection with the electricity grid. In summary, transactions are processes that are carried out via the power network, ie in particular products and services that can be obtained or offered via the electricity network or in connection therewith, in particular purchase or sale but also sale or sale of electrical energy, ancillary services such as reference or delivery of control energy or control power, affecting a charge or discharge speed and / or Ladebzw. Discharge time interval and a loading or unloading time or the marketing of storage capacity. In particular, by such transactions, the timing of the reference and / or the delivery of energy by one or more consumers, possibly the duration of energy transfer and / or the transmitted amount of energy and / or power regulated or controlled. As a rule network, the system is finally understood, which the
Durchführung und Abrechnung der Transaktionen ermöglicht, also beispielsweise die Identifikation der Teilnehmer, die Autorisierung des Vorganges, die Aufnahme der Verkaufsdaten (z.B. des Lastganges), die Aufnahme von Daten bezüglich der Verbraucher (maximale Energieaufnahme bzw. -abgäbe etc.) und bezüglich des Stromnetzes (Auslastung, Strompreise etc.), dieExecution and billing of transactions allows, so for example, the identification of participants, the authorization of the process, the inclusion of sales data (eg the load), the inclusion of data relating to the consumer (maximum energy consumption or -abgäbe etc.) and with respect to the power grid (Utilization, electricity prices etc.), the
Übertragung und Verarbeitung der Daten und sowie die Abrechnung der jeweiligen Transaktion mit allen Beteiligten. Das Regelnetzwerk ist in der Lage, eine Vielzahl von Verbrauchern zu integrieren und die Möglichkeiten der Energieaufnahme und -abgäbe durch die Verbraucher sowie die Mög- lichkeiten der Energieübertragung durch das Stromnetz mit Zustandsdaten des Stromnetzes (Belastung und Nachfrage) und Marktdaten (z. B. Strompreisen, Regelenergie- oder Regelleistungspreisen) zu vergleichen und die Energieübertragung nach bestimmten Regeln zu optimieren bzw. zu vermarkten. Transmission and processing of the data and billing of the respective transaction with all parties involved. The control network is capable of integrating a large number of consumers and of the possibilities of consumers' energy intake and output as well as the possibilities of energy transmission through the power grid with status data of the power grid (load and demand) and market data (eg. Electricity prices, balancing energy or reserve prices) and to optimize or market the transfer of energy according to certain rules.
Die Betreiber von Stromnetzwerk und Regelnetzwerk werden häufig identisch sein, dies ist jedoch nicht in allen Fällen notwendig, solange zumindest eine gewisse Kooperation oder Absprache zwischen den Betreibern vorliegt, so dass der Betreiber des Regelnetzwerks die Transaktionen über das Stromnetz abwickeln kann. The power network and control network operators will often be identical, but this is not always necessary as long as there is at least some cooperation or agreement between the operators so that the network operator can handle transactions over the power grid.
Strom ist ein außergewöhnliches Produkt, das zur gewünschten Zeit an dem gewünschten Ort und in der gewünschten Menge verfügbar sein muss. Eine Über- oder Unterversorgung ist nicht akzeptabel. Es ist die Aufgabe der Elektrizitätswirtschaft, dieses Gleichgewicht von Nachfrage (Last) und Erzeugung (verfügbare Kraftwerksleistung) zuverlässig aufrecht zu erhalten. Lade- und Speichermanagement können diese Aufgabe entscheidend erleichtern. Electricity is an exceptional product that must be available at the desired time and in the desired quantity at the desired time. A Over or under supply is not acceptable. It is the task of the electricity industry to maintain this balance of demand (load) and generation (available power plant output) reliably. Loading and storage management can make this task much easier.
PIVs können in ihren Akkus Elektrizität aus dem Stromnetz speichern und zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt selbst verbrauchen (elektrisch Fahren) oder auch wieder ins Stromnetz einspeisen. Das Regelnetzwerk kann diese Fähigkeit gezielt steuern und so das gezielte Laden von Akkus und das Speichern und Wiedereinspeisen von Elektrizität als Produkt erschließen und vermarkten. PIVs can store electricity in their batteries and consume them at a later time (electric driving) or feed them back into the power grid. The control network can specifically control this capability and thus open up and market the targeted charging of rechargeable batteries and the storage and re-feeding of electricity as a product.
Das Lademanagement kann viele einzelne Verbraucher mit integrierten Energiespeichern, z. B. PIVs, zu einer großen regelbaren Verbrauchergruppe für elektrische Energie zusammenschließen. Das Regelnetzwerk kann die einzelnen Ladevorgänge gezielt stoppen, starten oder zeitlich verschieben und so die vom gesamten Ladesystem bezogene Energie variieren. The charge management can many individual consumers with integrated energy storage, eg. As PIVs, combine to form a large controllable consumer group for electrical energy. The control network can selectively stop, start or shift the individual charging processes and thus vary the energy consumed by the entire charging system.
Das Speichermanagement kann die auf viele PIVs oder andere "Verbraucher" verteilten Akkus zu einem großen Speichersystem für Elektrizität zu- sammenfassen und so gezielt Speicherkapazität für die kommerzielle Vermarktung schaffen. Speichermanagement nutzt auch die Wiedereinspeisung von Elektrizität aus dem PIV ins Stromnetz (vehicle-to-grid). Speicher können grundsätzlich für alle Arbitragegeschäfte eingesetzt werden. Es ist daher anzunehmen, dass Speicherkapazität in Zukunft auf Energiemärkten als Er- gänzung zu Kraftwerkskapazität gehandelt wird. Storage management can combine the rechargeable batteries that are distributed across many PIVs or other "consumers" into a large storage system for electricity, specifically creating storage capacity for commercialization. Storage management also uses the reintroduction of electricity from the PIV into the power grid (vehicle-to-grid). Storage can basically be used for all arbitrage transactions. It can therefore be assumed that storage capacity will in future be traded on energy markets as a supplement to power plant capacity.
Auch für Verbraucher ohne eigenen Energiespeicher (echte Verbraucher wie Kühlanlagen aber auch Vorrichtungen, die Energie erzeugen) kann das Regelnetzwerk, eine entsprechende Infrastruktur vorausgesetzt, den Zeitpunkt des Bezugs von Energie aus dem Stromnetz oder der Einspeisung vonEven for consumers without their own energy storage (real consumers such as refrigerators but also devices that generate energy), the regulatory network, provided an appropriate infrastructure, the timing of the purchase of energy from the grid or the feed of
Energie in das Stromnetz, die Dauer der Energieübertragung, die übertragene Energiemenge und die zu einem Zeitpunkt übertragene Leistung nach geeigneten Vorgaben steuern bzw. regeln. Auch hierbei können die Verbrau- cher einzeln angesteuert oder zu Verbrauchergruppen zusammengeschlossen werden. Energy in the power grid, the duration of energy transfer, the amount of energy transferred and the power transferred at a time to control or regulate according to suitable specifications. Here, too, the consumer individually or connected to consumer groups.
Die vorstehend beschriebenen Steuer- und Regelprozesse wie auch das zu- vor erläuterte Lade- und Speichermanagement werden im Folgenden zusammenfassend als Energiemanagement bezeichnet. The control and regulating processes described above, as well as the previously explained charging and storage management, are collectively referred to below as energy management.
Ein interessantes Anwendungsbeispiel für Energiemanagement durch ein Regelnetzwerk ist das sogenannte Demand Site Management (DSM), bei dem zum Ausgleich von Lastspitzen oder Versorgungsengpässen bzw. von zeitweiser Energie-Überproduktion im Stromnetz die Energieversorgung von bestimmten Verbrauchern oder Verbrauchergruppen aus dem Stromnetz bzw. die Energieerzeugung oder -einspeisung ins Stromnetz durch bestimmte Verbraucher oder Verbrauchergruppen zeitweise gezielt unterbrochen, gestartet, herauf- oder herabgesetzt wird. An interesting application example for energy management by a control network is the Demand Site Management (DSM), in which to compensate for peak loads or supply shortages or temporary energy overproduction in the power grid, the energy supply of certain consumers or groups of consumers from the power grid or the power generation or supply to the power grid is occasionally deliberately interrupted, started, increased or decreased by certain consumers or consumer groups.
Insbesondere zum Ausgleich von Lastspitzen können solche Verbraucher eingesetzt werden, für deren bestimmungsgemäßen Betrieb kurzfristige Unterbrechungen oder zeitliche Verschiebungen der Energieversorgung oder eine kurzfristige Reduktion der abgreifbaren Leistung nur eine geringe oder keine Rolle spielen, beispielsweise Kühlregale in Supermärkten. In particular, to compensate for load peaks such consumers can be used for the intended operation short-term interruptions or time shifts of the power supply or a short-term reduction of the tapped power play little or no role, such as refrigerators in supermarkets.
Zwischen dem Eigentümer der teilnehmenden Verbraucher und dem Betreiber des Stromnetzes bzw. Regelnetzwerks kann dabei vertraglich vereinbart werden, welche Verbraucher wie oft und wie lange vom Netz genommen oder auf andere Weise geregelt werden dürfen. Als Gegenleistung für die Teilnahme wird dem Eigentümer der teilnehmenden Verbraucher üblicherweise eine kommerzielle Kompensation, z. B. ein reduzierter Stromtarif angeboten. It can be contractually agreed between the owner of the participating consumers and the operator of the electricity network or regulating network, which consumers may be disconnected from the grid, how often and how long, or otherwise regulated. In return for participation, the owner of the participating consumers will usually receive a commercial compensation, eg. B. offered a reduced electricity tariff.
Bisher ist DSM allerdings nur nach umfangreichen Installationen bzw. Erweiterungen der Energieversorgungssysteme für die teilnehmenden Verbraucher möglich, beispielsweise an speziellen Ladestationen, die vom Betreiber des Regelnetzwerks bzw. des Stromnetzes gezielt an- und abgeschaltet werden können. So far, however, DSM is only possible after extensive installations or extensions of the energy supply systems for the participating consumers, for example at special charging stations, by the operator of the control network or the power grid can be selectively switched on and off.
Die Druckschrift DE 69509529 T2 beschreibt ein Stromnetz bzw. Ladenetz mit einer Vielzahl von Abgriffsvorrichtungen, denen jeweils eine Steuereinrichtung zugeordnet ist, sowie mit einer zentralen Computereinheit. Wenn ein beim Regelnetzwerk registrierter Verbraucher an eine solche Abgriffsvorrichtung angeschlossen wird, kann ein in dem Verbraucher integrierter Mikrocomputer mit der Steuereinrichtung kommunizieren, welche der Abgriffs- Vorrichtung zugeordnet ist. Die Steuereinrichtungen wiederum stehen in Kommunikationsverbindung mit der zentralen Computereinheit. Auf diese Weise kann der Verbraucher von der Steuereinrichtung identifiziert werden und bei erfolgreicher Identifikation können Lade- oder Entladeprozesse von der Steuereinrichtung oder gegebenenfalls von der zentralen Computerein- heit gesteuert oder geregelt werden. The publication DE 69509529 T2 describes a power grid or charging network with a plurality of tapping devices, each associated with a control device, as well as with a central computer unit. When a consumer registered to the policy network is connected to such a tapping device, a microcomputer integrated in the consumer can communicate with the controller associated with the tapping device. The control devices in turn are in communication with the central computer unit. In this way, the consumer can be identified by the control device and, upon successful identification, charging or discharging processes can be controlled or regulated by the control device or, if appropriate, by the central computer unit.
Damit der Verbraucher an dem Regelnetzwerk teilnehmen kann, müssen jedoch alle Komponenten entweder in der Abgriffsvorrichtung, dem Stromverteilnetz oder dem Verbraucher selbst installiert und weiterhin voll kompatibel zueinander sein. However, in order for the consumer to be able to participate in the control network, all the components must be installed either in the tapping device, the power distribution network or the consumer themselves, and still be fully compatible with each other.
Derzeit besteht ein Hauptproblem für die Teilnahme an einem Regelnetzwerk darin, dass die Kosten (Technologie und Arbeitsaufwand) für die Integration von elektrischen Verbrauchern in DSM Systeme hoch sind. Daher ist es für "kleinere" oder einzelne Verbraucher oft ökonomisch nicht sinnvoll, an einem DSM-System teilzunehmen. Es wird noch einige Zeit dauern, bis Smartmeter oder andere preiswerte Massenanwendungen mit standardisierten Lösungen für diese Verbraucher verfügbar sein werden. Auch wächst die Anzahl verfügbarer Elektrofahrzeuge oder anderer, speziell für eine Teilnah- me am Regelnetzwerk ausgestatteter Verbraucher wie auch die Anzahl entsprechend ausgestatteter Ladestationen nur langsam und es wird daher noch einige Zeit dauern, bis sich industrieweite Standards durchgesetzt haben und über solche Systeme größere Umsätze generiert werden können. Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht daher darin, die Zugriffsmöglichkeit auf elektrische Energie zu erhöhen, den Integrationsaufwand und die -kosten zu senken und die Teilnahme an einem bestehenden Regelnetzwerk zu verein- fachen. At present, a major problem for participation in a regulatory network is that the cost (technology and labor) of integrating electrical consumers into DSM systems is high. Therefore, for "smaller" or individual consumers, it often does not make economic sense to participate in a DSM system. It will be some time before smart meters or other low cost mass applications with standardized solutions for these consumers will be available. Also, the number of available electric vehicles or other consumers specifically equipped to participate in the control network, as well as the number of appropriately equipped charging stations, is growing slowly and it will therefore take some time for industry-wide standards to prevail and generate greater revenue through such systems can be. The object of the invention is therefore to increase the accessibility to electrical energy, to reduce the integration effort and the costs and to simplify participation in an existing regulatory network.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß ein Adapter mit den Merkmalen von Anspruch 1 vorgeschlagen. Der erfindungsgemäße Adapter ist gesondert von dem Verbraucher und gesondert von der Ladestation ausgebildet, also weder in den Verbraucher noch in die Ladestation integriert oder fest (unlösbar) mit einem von diesen verbunden. Der Adapter umfasst mindestens einen Ladestation-Anschluss vermittels dessen durch einen Nutzer des Adapters eine lösbare, energieübertragungsmäßige Verbindung des Adapters mit der Ladestation herstellbar ist, sowie mindestens einen Verbraucher-Anschluss, vermittels dessen durch einen Nutzer des Adapters eine lösbare, energieübertragungsmäßige Verbindung des Adapters mit dem Verbraucher herstellbar ist. To solve this problem, an adapter with the features of claim 1 is proposed according to the invention. The adapter according to the invention is formed separately from the consumer and separately from the charging station, so integrated neither in the consumer nor in the charging station or fixed (insoluble) connected to one of these. The adapter comprises at least one charging station connection by means of which a detachable, energy transmission moderate connection of the adapter to the charging station can be produced by a user of the adapter, and at least one consumer connection, by means of which a user of the adapter a releasable, energy transfer moderate connection of the adapter the consumer can be produced.
Die Teilnahme an verschiedenen Regelnetzwerken, etwa in verschiedenen Ländern kann dadurch ermöglicht werden, dass der Adapter entsprechende verschiedene Ladestation-Anschlüsse aufweist und bei den einzelnen Regel- netzwerken registriert ist. Dabei ist auch eine Absprache zwischen den verschiedenen Regelnetzwerken nach Art eines Roaming-Vertrages denkbar, wie er bei Telefonnetzwerken üblich ist. Participation in different control networks, for example in different countries, can be made possible by the fact that the adapter has corresponding different charging station connections and is registered with the individual control networks. An agreement between the various control networks in the manner of a roaming contract is also conceivable, as is usual in telephone networks.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann der Adapter auch verschiedene Verbraucher- Anschlüsse aufweisen, um es auch Verbrauchern verschiedener Hersteller und mit verschiedenen Anschlusssystemen zu ermöglichen, am Regelnetzwerk teilzunehmen. Vorzugsweise sind die Anschlüsse so gestaltet, dass der Nutzer (also die Person, die den Adapter benutzt) die Verbindung manuell, d.h. ohne Werkzeuge, beispielweise durch einfaches Zusammenschließen einer Steck- oder Schraubverbindung, oder unter Zuhilfenahme einfacher Werkzeuge wie ei- nes Schraubendrehers herstellen und wieder lösen kann. Alternatively or additionally, the adapter can also have different consumer connections, in order to allow consumers of different manufacturers and with different connection systems to participate in the control network. Preferably, the terminals are designed so that the user (ie the person using the adapter) make the connection manually, ie without tools, for example by simply joining a plug or screw connection, or with the aid of simple tools such as a screwdriver and can solve again.
Der Begriff der lösbaren Verbindung bedeutet dabei, dass die Verbindung ohne eine betriebsbeeinträchtigende Beschädigung von Adapter, Ladestation und Verbraucher gelöst und wieder hergestellt werden kann. The term releasable connection means that the connection can be loosened and re-established without adversely affecting damage to the adapter, charging station and consumer.
Der Adapter ist für alle beim Regelnetzwerk registrierten Verbraucher frei nutzbar und grundsätzlich sowohl von der Ladestation als auch vom Verbraucher räumlich unabhängig. Eine physische Verbindung ist nur zum Zeitpunkt des Ladevorgangs notwendig, danach kann der Adapter wieder ent- fernt und für andere Verbraucher oder auch für andere Ladestationen genutzt werden. Insbesondere ist der Adapter unabhängig von Typ und Hersteller des Verbrauchers. Vor der Teilnahme am Regelnetzwerk ist lediglich eine Registrierung des Verbrauchers notwendig, die, wie nachstehend näher erläutert, beispielsweise telefonisch oder per Internet durchgeführt werden kann. The adapter is freely usable by all consumers registered with the control network and basically spatially independent both from the charging station and from the consumer. A physical connection is only necessary at the time of charging, after which the adapter can be removed again and used for other consumers or for other charging stations. In particular, the adapter is independent of the type and manufacturer of the consumer. Before participating in the regulatory network, it is only necessary to register the consumer, which, as explained in more detail below, can be carried out, for example, by telephone or via the Internet.
Verbraucher- und Ladestation-Anschluss können direkt an einem Adapter- Körper vorgesehen sein oder über Kabelverbindungen fest mit diesem verbunden sein, was unter Umständen ein Anschliessen des Adapters an Ver- braucher und Ladestation erleichtern kann. The consumer and charging station connection can be provided directly on an adapter body or can be firmly connected to it via cable connections, which under certain circumstances can facilitate connection of the adapter to the consumer and the charging station.
Weiter umfasst der erfindungsgemäße Adapter einen in dem Adapter integrierten, zumindest zwischen einem EIN-Zustand und einem AUS-Zustand schaltbaren Schalter, wobei dann, wenn der Schalter sich im EIN-Zustand befindet, eine energieübertragungsmäßige Verbindung zwischen dem Ladestation-Anschluss und dem Verbraucher-Anschluss besteht und wobei die energieübertragungsmäßige Verbindung zwischen dem Ladestation-Anschluss und dem Verbraucher-Anschluss im AUS-Zustand des Schalters ge- genüber dem EIN-Zustand des Schalters modifiziert ist. Furthermore, the adapter according to the invention comprises an integrated in the adapter, at least switchable between an ON state and an OFF state switch, wherein when the switch is in the ON state, a power transmission moderate connection between the charging station terminal and the consumer Connection and whereby the energy transfer connection between the charging station connection and the consumer connection is in the OFF state of the switch. is modified over the ON state of the switch.
Durch Betätigung des Schalters kann also die energieübertragungsmäßige Verbindung zwischen dem Ladestation-Anschluss und dem Verbraucher-An- schluss modifiziert werden. By actuation of the switch, therefore, the energy transmission connection between the charging station connection and the consumer connection can be modified.
Diese Modifikation kann so erfolgen dass bei Anschluss des Adapters an die Ladestation des Stromnetzes dann, wenn der Schalter sich im AUS-Zustand befindet, am Verbraucher-Anschluss des Adapters eine geringere Leistung abgreifbar ist, als dann, wenn der Schalter sich im EIN-Zustand befindet. This modification can take place in such a way that when the adapter is connected to the charging station of the power network, when the switch is in the OFF state, a lower power can be tapped off at the consumer terminal of the adapter than when the switch is in the ON state located.
Beispielsweise für Adapter, an die in erster Linie Energiequellen als "Verbraucher" angeschlossen werden sollen, die Energie ins Stromnetz einspeisen, kann alternativ vorgesehen sein, dass bei Anschluss des Adapters an den Verbraucher dann, wenn der Schalter sich im AUS-Zustand befindet, am Ladestation-Anschluss des Adapters eine geringere Leistung abgreifbar ist, als dann, wenn der Schalter sich im EIN-Zustand befindet. For example, for adapters to be connected to the energy sources in the first place as "consumers" that feed energy into the mains, may alternatively be provided that when the adapter to the consumer when the switch is in the OFF state, on Charging station port of the adapter is less tappable than when the switch is in the ON state.
Dies kann jeweils durch Vor- bzw. Nachschaltung einer geeigneten Vorrich- tung im AUS-Zustand des Schalters erfolgen, z.B. eines geeigneten Dimmers, einer Vorrichtung zur Pulsweitenmodulation oder Ähnlichem. This can be done in each case by connecting or disconnecting a suitable device in the OFF state of the switch, e.g. a suitable dimmer, a pulse width modulation device or the like.
Auch ist es möglich, dass im EIN-Zustand nur eine Energieübertragung vom Ladestation-Anschluss zum Verbraucher-Anschluss und im AUS-Zustand nur eine Energieübertragung von Verbraucher-Anschluss zum Ladestation- Anschluss möglich ist (oder umgekehrt). It is also possible that in the ON state, only one energy transfer from the charging station connection to the consumer connection and, in the OFF state, only one energy transfer from the consumer connection to the charging station connection is possible (or vice versa).
Insbesondere ist dabei aber an eine Reduktion der abgreifbaren Leistung bzw. der übertragbaren Energie auf Null durch eine einfache Unterbrechung der energieübertragungsmäßigen Verbindung im AUS-Zustand des Schalters gedacht. Somit kann durch Schalten des Schalters in den AUS-Zustand insbesondere eine Energiezufuhr zu einem an dem Adapter angeschlossenen Verbraucher gezielt reduziert bzw. unterbrochen werden. Ausserdem umfasst der erfindungsgemäße Adapter eine Verbraucher-Identifizierungseinrichtung, die dazu ausgebildet ist, den Verbraucher zu identifizieren und dem identifizierten Verbraucher eine Verbraucherkennung zuzu- ordnen. Beispielsweise kann die Verbraucher-Identifizierungseinrichtung eine an dem Verbraucher angebrachte Verbraucherkennung auslesen oder den Verbraucher durch Auslesen anderer Daten wie einer Identifikationsnummer identifizieren und dem identifizierten Verbraucher dann die zugehörige Verbraucherkennung zuordnen. Vorzugsweise kann eine solche Identifi- kation erfolgen, wenn der Adapter an die Ladestation oder/und an den Verbraucher angeschlossen ist. In particular, however, it is intended to reduce the tapped power or the transmittable energy to zero by a simple interruption of the energy transmission connection in the OFF state of the switch. Thus, by switching the switch to the OFF state, in particular a power supply to a consumer connected to the adapter can be selectively reduced or interrupted. In addition, the adapter according to the invention comprises a consumer identification device, which is designed to identify the consumer and assign a consumer identifier to the identified consumer. For example, the consumer identification device can read a consumption identifier attached to the consumer or identify the consumer by reading out other data such as an identification number and then assign the corresponding consumer identifier to the identified consumer. Preferably, such an identification can take place when the adapter is connected to the charging station and / or to the consumer.
Die Identifikation des Verbrauchers kann auf besonders einfache und kostengünstige Weise realisiert werden, indem der Verbraucher mit einem RFID-Chip oder Barcode versehen und der Adapter mit einem entsprechenden Lesegerät als Verbraucher-Identifizierungseinrichtung ausgestattet ist. The identification of the consumer can be realized in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner by providing the consumer with an RFID chip or barcode and the adapter is equipped with a corresponding reader as a consumer identification device.
Schließlich umfasst der Adapter eine Regelnetzwerk-Kommunikationseinrichtung die dazu ausgebildet ist, dem Regelnetzwerk die Verbraucherken- nung zu senden und Anweisungen von dem Regelnetzwerk zu empfangen, sowie eine Transaktions-Steuer-/Regeleinrichtung, die dazu ausgebildet ist, den Schalter gemäß Anweisungen des Regelnetzwerks zu schalten. Bei der Regelnetzwerk-Kommunikationseinrichtung kann es sich beispielsweise um ein GSM-Modem handeln. Finally, the adapter comprises a control network communications device adapted to send the consumer network to the policy network and receive instructions from the policy network, and a transaction controller adapted to provide the switch according to instructions of the policy network turn. The control network communication device may be, for example, a GSM modem.
Vermittels des erfindungsgemäßen Adapters können also registrierte Verbraucher durch Anschluss an eine beliebige Ladestation wie eine herkömmliche Steckdose an einem Regelnetzwerk, insbesondere an einem DSM-Sys- tem teilnehmen. By means of the adapter according to the invention, therefore, registered consumers can participate in a control network, in particular on a DSM system, by connecting to any charging station like a conventional socket.
Hierbei kann der Adapter den Verbraucher erkennen und die Verbraucherkennung dem Regelnetzwerk übermitteln, welches dann bei Bedarf durch Senden entsprechender Anweisungen an den Adapter die Energieübertra- gung zwischen dem Verbraucher und dem Stromnetz modifizieren kann, beispielsweise indem der an den Adapter angeschlossene Verbraucher zeitweise vom Netz getrennt oder zumindest seine Leistungsaufnahme aus dem Netz reduziert wird. In this case, the adapter can recognize the consumer and transmit the consumption identifier to the control network, which then, if necessary, sends the energy transfer by sending corresponding instructions to the adapter. tion between the consumer and the power grid can modify, for example by the consumer connected to the adapter temporarily disconnected from the network or at least its power consumption from the network is reduced.
Konstruktiv besonders einfach kann der Schalter so ausgebildet sein, dass im AUS-Zustand die energieübertragungsmäßige Verbindung zwischen dem Ladestation-Anschluss und dem Verbraucher-Anschluss unterbrochen ist, beispielsweise als einfacher Leistungsschalter. Particularly simple design, the switch can be designed so that in the OFF state, the energy transfer moderate connection between the charging station terminal and the load terminal is interrupted, for example as a simple circuit breaker.
Um auf einfache Weise zu dokumentieren, welche Verbraucher mittels eines bestimmten erfindungsgemäßen Adapters an Transaktionen mit dem Regelnetzwerk teilgenommen haben, und wann, wie häufig und wie lange die angeschlossenen Verbraucher durch Betätigung des Schalters im Adapter vom Stromnetz getrennt waren, kann der Adapter weiter einen Datenspeicher zum Speichern von Daten aufweisen, welche die zugeordnete Verbraucherkennung oder/und die Anweisungen des Regelnetzwerks oder/und Zeitpunkte umfassen, zu denen die Identifikation des Verbrauchers oder/und der Empfang der Anweisungen oder/und ein Schalten des Schalters erfolgen. In order to easily document which consumers have participated in transactions with the rule network by means of a particular adapter according to the invention and when, how often and how long the connected consumers were disconnected from the power supply by operating the switch in the adapter, the adapter can continue to store data for storing data comprising the associated consumption detection and / or the instructions of the control network and / or times at which the identification of the consumer and / or the receipt of the instructions and / or switching of the switch take place.
Zur Vermeidung von Datenverlusten kann es sich dabei bevorzugt um einen nichtflüchtigen Speicher, beispielsweise um einen EPROM oder einen Flash- Speicher handeln. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann die Speicherung dieser Daten aber auch in einem Datenspeicher des Regelnetzwerks erfolgen. Die für einen bestimmten Nutzer relevanten Daten können diesem dann per Post oder E-Mail übersandt werden, oder der Nutzer könnte die entsprechenden Daten auf der Webseite des Regelnetzwerks einsehen. In order to avoid data loss, this may preferably be a nonvolatile memory, for example an EPROM or a flash memory. Alternatively or additionally, however, the storage of this data can also take place in a data memory of the control network. The relevant data for a particular user can then be sent to him by post or e-mail, or the user could view the corresponding data on the website of the regulatory network.
Um dem Nutzer einen einfachen Zugriff auf die im Adapter gespeicherten Daten zu ermöglichen, kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Adapter weiter einen Auslese-Anschluss umfasst, über den die auf dem Datenspeicher gespei- cherten Daten auslesbar sind, beispielsweise einen USB-Anschluss oder einen Anschluss zur drahtlosen Datenübertragung. In order to allow the user easy access to the data stored in the adapter, it can be provided that the adapter further comprises a read-out connection, via which the data stored on the data memory can be read. are readable data, such as a USB port or a connection for wireless data transmission.
Es kann vorteilhaft sein, den Verbraucher mittels des Adapters nicht nur ge- zielt und zeitgesteuert an das Stromnetz anschliessen und von diesem trennen zu können, sondern den Verbraucher auch auf andere Weise durch Anweisungen vom Regelnetzwerk anzusteuern, beispielsweise in einen Ruhezustand zu versetzen, oder, im Falle von Verbrauchern, welche auch Energie ins Netz einspeisen können, vom Lade- in den Entlademodus (oder um- gekehrt) umzuschalten. It may be advantageous to be able to connect and disconnect the consumer by means of the adapter not only in a targeted and time-controlled manner, but also to actuate the consumer in other ways by instructions from the control network, for example putting them into a state of rest, or in the case of consumers, who can also feed energy into the grid, to switch from charging to discharging mode (or vice versa).
Hierzu kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Adapter weiter eine Verbraucher- Kommunikationseinrichtung umfasst, die zumindest dazu ausgebildet ist, dem Verbraucher Steuerdaten zu senden, um den Verbraucher gemäß Steuer-Anweisungen des Regelnetzwerks zu steuern. For this purpose, it can be provided that the adapter further comprises a consumer communication device which is at least adapted to send the consumer control data to control the consumer according to control instructions of the control network.
Um dem Regelnetzwerk zu beliebigen Zeitpunkten weitere Informationen über den Verbraucher übermitteln zu können, beispielsweise über einen Ladezustand des Verbraucher, oder eine Anforderung, dass zu bestimmten Zeiten die Energieversorgung des Verbrauchers nicht reduziert werden soll, kann die Verbraucher-Kommunikationseinrichtung weiter dazu ausgebildet sein, Verbraucherdaten vom Verbraucher zu empfangen und die Regelnetz- werk-Kommunikationseinrichtung weiter dazu ausgebildet sein, dem Regelnetzwerk die Verbraucherdaten oder aus den Verbraucherdaten abgeleitete Daten zu senden. In order to be able to transmit to the control network at any time further information about the consumer, for example, about a state of charge of the consumer, or a request that at certain times the energy supply of the consumer should not be reduced, the consumer communication device may be further configured to consumer data be received by the consumer and the rule network communication device further be adapted to the control network to send the consumer data or derived from the consumer data data.
Schließlich kann der zuvor beschriebene Adapter auf vorteilhafte Weise in ein System zur Steuerung/Regelung der Energieübertragung in einem Stromnetz integriert werden. Finally, the previously described adapter can be advantageously integrated into a system for controlling the energy transfer in a power grid.
Daher wird weiterhin Schutz beantragt für ein System zur Steuerung/Regelung der Energieübertragung in einem Stromnetz, wobei das System sowohl mehrere erfindungsgemäße Adapter zum Anschließen von bei einem Regel- netzwerk registrierten Verbrauchern an Ladestationen des Stromnetzes als auch das Regelnetzwerk umfasst. Therefore, protection is still sought for a system for controlling the transmission of energy in a power grid, the system comprising both several adapters according to the invention for connecting to a control system. network includes registered consumers at charging stations of the power grid as well as the control network.
Dabei weist das Regelnetzwerk eine Datenbank auf, in der den registrierten Verbrauchern zugeordnete Verbraucherkennungen und Verbraucherinformationen, insbesondere Typeninformationen und Betriebsparameter gespeichert sind, eine Kommunikationseinrichtung zum Empfang von Verbraucherkennungen von den Adaptern und zum Empfang von Stromnetz-Informationen von dem Betreiber oder von Kunden des Stromnetzes, In this case, the control network has a database in which the registered consumers associated consumer identifications and consumer information, in particular type information and operating parameters are stored, a communication device for receiving consumer IDs from the adapters and for receiving power network information from the operator or customers of the power grid,
und ein Datenverarbeitungssystem, das dazu ausgebildet ist, die über die Adapter an dem Stromnetz angeschlossenen Verbraucher anhand der Verbraucherkennungen zu identifizieren, die empfangenen Stromnetzinformationen mit den Verbraucherinformationen zu vergleichen und auf Grundlage des Vergleichs Anweisungen an einen oder mehrere Adapter zu senden, die darin integrierten Schalter zu schalten. and a data processing system configured to identify the consumers connected via the adapters to the power grid based on the consumer detections, compare the received power network information with the consumer information, and send instructions to one or more adapters based on the comparison, the switches integrated therein to switch.
Die Stromnetz-Informationen können dabei Informationen über die Auslastung und den Zustand des Stromnetzes, über die Strompreise, Anforderungen von Kunden (große Verbraucher, Stadtwerke, Energiebörsen, Broker) etc. umfassen. The power grid information can include information about the utilization and condition of the power grid, about the electricity prices, requirements of customers (large consumers, municipal utilities, energy exchanges, brokers) etc.
Zur Teilnahme an dem Regelnetzwerk genügt es, dass der Nutzer des Verbrauchers diesen beispielsweise per Internet oder Telefon beim Regelnetzwerk registriert, indem er etwa die Typenbezeichnung des Verbrauchers an- gibt oder eine Fotografie des Typenschilds übersendet. To participate in the regulatory network, it is sufficient for the user of the consumer to register it, for example, via the Internet or telephone with the regulatory network, for example by indicating the type designation of the consumer or by sending a photograph of the nameplate.
Der Betreiber des Regelnetzwerks kann dann dem Verbraucher eine Kennung zuordnen und diese Kennung und ggf. weitere Verbraucherinformationen in seiner Datenbank abspeichern. Bei diesen Informationen kann es sich beispielsweise um die normale Leistungsaufnahme des Verbrauchers, Rahmenbedingungen von Produktionsprozessen oder andere technische Informationen handeln, die der Betreiber entweder vom Nutzer erhalten oder durch Vergleich einer Typenbezeichnung mit entsprechenden Katalogdaten ermitteln kann. Weiterhin können in der Datenbank auch Informationen darüber gespeichert sein, wie häufig und wie lange ein bestimmter Verbraucher vom Netz getrennt werden darf, etwa aufgrund technischer Vorgaben oder aufgrund einer entsprechenden Vereinbarung mit dem Nutzer des Verbrau- chers. The operator of the control network can then assign the consumer an identifier and store this identifier and possibly other consumer information in his database. This information may, for example, be the consumer's normal power consumption, production process conditions or other technical information either obtained by the operator from the user or by comparison of a type designation with corresponding catalog data can determine. Furthermore, the database can also store information about how often and how long a particular consumer may be disconnected from the network, for example due to technical specifications or due to a corresponding agreement with the user of the consumer.
Um eine einfache und kostengünstige Identifikation des registrierten Verbrauchers durch den Adapter zu ermöglichen, kann der Betreiber dem Nutzer nach der Registrierung des Verbrauchers beispielsweise einen RFID- Tag oder Barcode (z.B. auf einem Klebe-Ettikett) senden, auf dem die Verbraucherkennung gespeichert ist, und den der Nutzer so an dem Verbraucher anbringen kann (etwa durch Aufkleben auf den Gerätestecker), dass er von der Verbraucher-Identifizierungseinrichtung des erfindungsgemäßen Adapters ausgelesen werden kann. To allow a simple and inexpensive identification of the registered consumer through the adapter, the operator can send the user after the registration of the consumer, for example, an RFID tag or barcode (eg on an adhesive label) on which the consumer identifier is stored, and the user so can attach to the consumer (such as by sticking to the appliance plug) that he can be read by the consumer identification device of the adapter according to the invention.
Durch Kommunikation mit den Adaptern kann das Regelnetzwerk feststellen, welche registrierten Verbraucher zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt am Stromnetz angeschlossen sind. Die Identifikation des Verbrauchers in Kombination mit den gespeicherten Verbraucherdaten, die auch vorgegebene Regelpara- meter umfassen können, verringert die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer fehlerhaften Regelung oder Abrechnung erheblich, da jederzeit überprüft werden kann, welcher Verbraucher an einem Adapter angeschlossen ist. Bei immobilen Verbrauchern kann auch der geographische Standort bzw. der Standort im Netz auf diese Weise festgestellt werden. Beispielsweise besteht auch die Möglichkeit, dass der Nutzer eines Verbrauchers vom Regelnetzwerk automatisch, z. B. per E-Mail, eine Rückmeldung erhält, wenn ein Verbraucher von einem Adapter abgenommen und z.B. ein anderer Verbraucher angeschlossen worden ist. Über die Datenbank und das Datenverarbeitungssystem des Regelnetzwerks können die Stromnetz-Informationen, beispielsweise Informationen über die Auslastung des Stromnetzes, insbesondere über Versorgungsengpässe und Lastspitzen sowie über Lastanforderungen von Großkunden des Stromnetzes und die Preise auf den Strommärkten mit den Verbraucherinformationen der zu diesem Zeitpunkt an das Stromnetz angeschlossenen Verbrauchern verglichen werden. Insbesondere können die technischen und operativen Parameter mit der Nachfrage der DSM-Kunden verglichen und die Energieübertragung nach kommerziellen Vorgaben optimiert werden. Die Stromnetz-Informationen können vom Betreiber des Stromnetzes oder auch von Großkunden übermittelt werden. By communicating with the adapters, the rule network can determine which registered consumers are connected to the power grid at a given time. The identification of the consumer in combination with the stored consumer data, which may also include predetermined control parameters, significantly reduces the likelihood of faulty regulation or billing since it can be checked at any time which consumer is connected to an adapter. For immobile consumers, the geographical location or location in the network can be determined in this way. For example, there is also the possibility that the user of a consumer from the rule network automatically, for. B. by e-mail, receives a response when a consumer has been removed from an adapter and, for example, another consumer has been connected. The network and the data processing system of the control network can be used to supply the power grid information, for example information about the utilization of the power grid, in particular about supply bottlenecks and load peaks as well as about load requests of major customers of the power grid Electricity network and the prices on the electricity markets are compared with the consumer information of the consumers connected to the electricity network at that time. In particular, the technical and operational parameters can be compared with the demand of DSM customers and the energy transfer can be optimized according to commercial specifications. The power grid information can be transmitted by the power grid operator or by major customers.
Auf Grundlage dieses Vergleichs kann dann gezielt die Energieversorgung von einzelnen Verbrauchern oder Gruppen von Verbrauchern bzw. die Ein- speisung von Energie ins Stromnetz durch einzelne Verbraucher oder Gruppen von Verbrauchern zeitweise reduziert, erhöht, verschoben bzw. unterbrochen oder gestartet werden, indem, ferngesteuert vom Regelnetzwerk, die in den Adaptern integrierten Schalter bedarfsgemäß in den AUS-Zustand bzw. in den EIN-Zustand geschaltet werden. Bei erfindungsgemäßen Adaptern, bei welchen die integrierten Schalter zwischen mehr als zwei Zuständen schaltbar sind kann bedarfsgemäß (falls vorgesehen auch stufenlos) in jeden möglichen Zustand geschaltet werden. Das erfindungsgemäße System ermöglicht eine einfache, fehlerresistente und preiswerte Einbindung vieler Verbraucher, auch kleiner Verbraucher oder eines Clusters von Verbrauchern, in ein Regelnetzwerk, beispielsweise ein DSM-System. Insbesondere können mit dem erfindungsgemäßen System schon bald erste reale Transaktionen durchgeführt werden, ohne dass zuerst die flächendeckende Verbreitung von geeignet ausgestatteten Verbrauchern und Ladestationen (mit Smartmetern) abgewartet werden muss. On the basis of this comparison, the energy supply of individual consumers or groups of consumers or the feeding of energy into the power network by individual consumers or groups of consumers can then be temporarily reduced, increased, postponed or interrupted or started by remotely controlled by the consumer Control network, the switches integrated in the adapters are switched to the OFF state or to the ON state as required. In adapters according to the invention, in which the integrated switches can be switched between more than two states, it is possible to switch to any possible state (if provided, also steplessly) as required. The system according to the invention enables a simple, error-resistant and cost-effective integration of many consumers, including smaller consumers or a cluster of consumers, in a control network, for example a DSM system. In particular, with the system according to the invention, first real transactions can be carried out soon, without first having to wait for the widespread distribution of suitably equipped consumers and charging stations (with smart meters).
Im Folgenden wird die vorliegende Erfindung anhand von bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen beschrieben, die in den beigefügten Figuren dargestellt sind. In the following, the present invention will be described by means of preferred embodiments, which are illustrated in the attached figures.
Figur 1 zeigt eine stark schematisierte und vereinfachte Darstellung eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Adapters. Figur 2 zeigt eine stark schematisierte und vereinfachte Darstellung eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Adapters. Figur 3 zeigt eine stark schematisierte und vereinfachte Darstellung eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Adapters. Figure 1 shows a highly schematic and simplified representation of a first embodiment of the adapter according to the invention. Figure 2 shows a highly schematic and simplified representation of a second embodiment of the adapter according to the invention. Figure 3 shows a highly schematic and simplified representation of a third embodiment of the adapter according to the invention.
Figur 1 zeigt ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Ad- apter 20, eine Ladestation 30 eines nur angedeuteten Stromnetzes 1 sowie einen Gerätestecker 9 eines ebenfalls nur angedeuteten Verbrauchers 10. Weiterhin ist, stark schematisiert und vereinfacht, das Regelnetzwerk 11 dargestellt, bei welchem der Verbraucher 10 registriert ist. In der in Figur 1 illustrierten Situation ist der Adapter 20 noch nicht an die Ladestation 30 und an den Verbraucher 10 angeschlossen, um die Bestandteile des Adapters 20 besser darstellen zu können. FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of an adapter 20 according to the invention, a charging station 30 of an only indicated power network 1 and a device plug 9 of a likewise only indicated consumer 10. Furthermore, in a highly schematic and simplified form, the control network 11 is shown, in which the consumer 10 is registered. In the situation illustrated in FIG. 1, the adapter 20 is not yet connected to the charging station 30 and to the consumer 10 in order to be able to display the components of the adapter 20 better.
Der Adapter 20 weist einen Ladestation-Anschluss 4b und einen Verbrau- cher-Anschluss 4c in Form von Steckverbindungselementen auf, die dazu ausgebildet sind, eine energieübertragungsmäßige Verbindung des Adapters mit einer Ladestation 30 und einem Verbraucher 10 herzustellen. The adapter 20 has a charging station connection 4b and a consumer connection 4c in the form of plug-in connection elements which are designed to produce a connection of the adapter with a charging station 30 and a load 10 in an energy-transmitting manner.
Der Verbraucher 10, hier angedeutet durch ein Anschlusskabel, kann mit dem Adapter 20 über den Gerätestecker 9 verbunden werden. Die Verbindung wird dabei über den Verbraucher-Anschluss 4c des Adapters 20 und den dazu kompatiblen Anschluss 4d des Steckers 9 hergestellt. The consumer 10, indicated here by a connection cable, can be connected to the adapter 20 via the appliance plug 9. The connection is made via the consumer connection 4c of the adapter 20 and the compatible connection 4d of the plug 9.
Die in Figur 1 dargestellte Ladestation 30 umfasst einen Anschluss 4a, der zu dem Ladestation-Anschluss 4b des Adapters 20 kompatibel ist und kann z. B. über ein 230 V Wechselstrom- oder 400 V Drehstromanschluss mit dem Stromnetz 1 verbunden sein, welches in der Figur durch eine Anschlussleitung angedeutet ist. Anzumerken ist hierzu, dass ggf. auch andere Anschlüsse, z. B. Hochleistungsanschlüsse zum Einsatz kommen können. The charging station 30 shown in FIG. 1 comprises a connection 4a, which is compatible with the charging station connection 4b of the adapter 20, and may be, for example, B. be connected via a 230 V AC or 400 V three-phase connection to the power grid 1, which is indicated in the figure by a connecting line. It should be noted that, if necessary, other Connections, z. B. high performance connections can be used.
Der Adapter 20 kann so ausgeführt werden, dass er über die Anschlüsse 4b und 4c verschiedene Steckverbindungen aufnehmen kann. So können Ver- braucher und Ladestationen mit unterschiedlichen Steckverbindungen an dem Regelnetzwerk teilnehmen. The adapter 20 can be designed so that it can accommodate different connections via the terminals 4b and 4c. Consumers and charging stations with different plug connections can participate in the control network.
Welche Leistung von der Ladestation 30 vermittels des Adapters 20 an einen an dem Adapter 20 angeschlossenen Verbraucher 10 übertragen wer- den kann (bzw. von einem Verbraucher 10, welcher Energie erzeugt, insWhich power can be transmitted from the charging station 30 by means of the adapter 20 to a consumer 10 connected to the adapter 20 (or from a consumer 10, which generates energy, into the
Stromnetz 1 eingespeist werden kann), wird von dem Schaltzustand des hier nur schematisch angedeuteten Schalter 6 bestimmt, der in den Adapter 20 integriert ist, und der zwischen einem EIN-Zustand und einem AUS-Zustand schaltbar ist. Power supply 1 can be fed), is determined by the switching state of here only schematically indicated switch 6, which is integrated in the adapter 20, and which is switchable between an ON state and an OFF state.
Befindet sich der Schalter 6 im EIN-Zustand, so besteht eine energieübertragungsmäßige Verbindung zwischen dem Ladestation-Anschluss 4b und dem Verbraucher-Anschluss 4c des Adapters 20. Befindet sich der Schalter 6 im AUS-Zustand ist im hier dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel die energieüber- tragungsmäßige Verbindung zwischen dem Ladestation-Anschluss 4b und dem Verbraucher-Anschluss 4c unterbrochen, so dass auch dann, wenn der Verbraucher 10 an den Adapter 20 und der Adapter 20 an die Ladestation 30 angeschlossen ist, der Verbraucher 10 keine Energie aus dem Stromnetz 1 bezieht. If the switch 6 is in the ON state, there is an energy transmission connection between the charging station connection 4b and the consumer connection 4c of the adapter 20. If the switch 6 is in the OFF state, the energy transmission connection is in the exemplary embodiment shown here interrupted between the charging station connection 4b and the consumer terminal 4c, so that even if the consumer 10 is connected to the adapter 20 and the adapter 20 to the charging station 30, the consumer 10 does not draw energy from the power grid 1.
Alternativ kann jedoch auch vorgesehen sein, dass im AUS-Zustand zwar eine energieübertragungsmäßige Verbindung zwischen dem Ladestation- Anschluss 4b und dem Verbraucher-Anschluss 4c besteht, diese jedoch, etwa durch Vorschalten einer geeigneten Vorrichtung zur Steuerung der Leistungsaufnahme, so modifiziert ist, dass dann, wenn der Schalter 6 sich im AUS-Zustand befindet, am Verbraucher-Anschluss 4c des Adapters 20 eine geringere Leistung abgreifbar ist, als dann, wenn der Schalter 6 sich im EIN-Zustand befindet. An dem in der Figur dargestellten Verbraucher 10 ist ein RFID-Chip 3 vorgesehen, auf dem Daten zur Identifikation des Verbrauchers 10, beispielsweise eine Identifikationsnummer und ggf. weitere Informationen über den Ver- braucher gespeichert sind. Alternatively, however, it can also be provided that in the OFF state, although there is a connection between the charging station connection 4b and the consumer connection 4c, this is modified, for example by connecting a suitable device for controlling the power consumption, such that When the switch 6 is in the OFF state, a lower power can be tapped off at the load terminal 4c of the adapter 20 than when the switch 6 is in the ON state. At the consumer 10 shown in the figure, an RFID chip 3 is provided, are stored on the data for the identification of the consumer 10, for example, an identification number and possibly further information about the consumer.
Zumindest dann, wenn der Adapter 20 mit der Ladestation 30 und dem Verbraucher 10 verbunden ist, können diese Daten von einem an dem Adapter 20 vorgesehenen RFID-Lesegerät als Verbraucher-Identifizierungseinrich- tung 5 ausgelesen werden, es kann jedoch auch vorgesehen sein, dass es zum Auslesen der Daten vom Verbraucher 10 reicht, wenn sich dieser in einem bestimmten räumlichen Abstand vom Adapter 20 befindet. At least when the adapter 20 is connected to the charging station 30 and the consumer 10, these data can be read out by a RFID reader provided on the adapter 20 as a consumer identification device 5, but it can also be provided that it to read the data from the consumer 10 is sufficient if it is located at a certain distance from the adapter 20.
Die ausgelesenen Daten können die Verbraucherkennung umfassen, oder die Adapter-Identifizierungseinrichtung 5 kann den ausgelesenen Daten eine Verbraucherkennung zuordnen bzw. aus diesen eine Verbraucherkennung ableiten, wobei die Verbraucherkennung, ggf. einschließlich weiterer Daten, anschließend über eine an dem Adapter 20 vorgesehene Regelnetzwerk- Kommunikationseinrichtung 7 an eine Kommunikationseinrichtung 13 des Regelnetzwerks 11 (d.h. des zentralen Energiemanagement- und Abrechnungssystems) übertragen werden kann. The read-out data may include the consumption detection, or the adapter identification device 5 may assign a consumption identifier to the read-out data or derive a consumption identifier from the latter, the consumption identifier, possibly including further data, subsequently via a control network communication device provided on the adapter 20 7 to a communication device 13 of the control network 11 (ie, the central energy management and accounting system) can be transmitted.
Datenübertragungsverbindungen sind in den Figuren durch gestrichelte Pfeile veranschaulicht. Data transmission connections are illustrated in the figures by dashed arrows.
Die Regelnetzwerk-Kommunikationseinrichtung 7 ist weiter dazu ausgebildet, Anweisungen vom Regelnetzwerk 11 zu empfangen. Eine ebenfalls im Adapter vorgesehene Transaktions-Regel/Steuer-Einrichtung 8 kann den Schalter 6 gemäß diesen Anweisungen des Regelnetzwerks in den EIN- und in den AUS-Zustand schalten und so beeinflussen, wieviel Energie der Verbraucher 10 zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt aus dem Stromnetz 1 aufnimmt oder in dieses abgibt. Die Regelnetzwerk-Kommunikationseinrichtung 7 kann eine Spannungsquelle 74 umfassen, die von allen Komponenten des Adapters 20 genutzt werden kann, beispielsweise eine Batterie, vorzugsweise eine wiederaufladbare Batterie. Die Anordnung der Spannungsquelle 74 innerhalb des Adapters 20 kann jedoch frei gewählt werden, sie muss nicht der Regelnetzwerk-Kommunikationseinrichtung 7 zugeordnet sein. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann der Adapter 20 über die Ladestation 30 mit Energie versorgt werden. The control network communication device 7 is further configured to receive instructions from the control network 11. A likewise provided in the adapter transaction rule / control device 8, the switch 6 switch according to these instructions of the control network in the ON and in the OFF state and thus influence how much energy the load 10 at a given time from the power grid. 1 takes or gives in this. The control network communication device 7 may include a voltage source 74 that may be utilized by all components of the adapter 20, such as a battery, preferably a rechargeable battery. However, the arrangement of the voltage source 74 within the adapter 20 can be chosen freely, it does not have to be assigned to the control network communication device 7. Alternatively or additionally, the adapter 20 can be supplied with energy via the charging station 30.
Das Regelnetzwerk 11 kann eine Datenbank 21 umfassen, in der die Ver- braucherkennungen registrierter Verbraucher und ggf. weitere Verbraucherinformationen gespeichert sind. Es steht über eine Kommunikationseinrichtung 13 in Verbindung mit üblicherweise mehreren erfindungsgemäßen Adaptern und erkennt auf diese Weise, wie viele und welche Verbraucher am Stromnetz angeschlossen sind. Die Kommunikationseinrichtung 13 kann weiterhin zum Empfang von Stromnetz-Informationen etwa vom Netzbetreiber oder von Großkunden dienen. In einem Datenverarbeitungssystem 25 können die Stromnetz-Informationen ( z.B. Auslastung des Netzes, Energieanforderungen von Großkunden, Strompreise auf den Energiemärkten) mit den Verbraucherinformationen der Verbraucher 10 verglichen werden, die am Netz 1 angeschlossen sind, und auf Grundlage dieses Vergleichs kann die Kommunikationseinrichtung 13 Anweisungen an Adapter 20 mit daran angeschlossenen, geeigneten Verbrauchern 10 schicken, um die in den Adaptern 20 integrierten Schalter 6 in den EIN- oder den AUS-Zustand (oder, falls vorgesehen, jeden mögliche Zwischenzustand) zu schalten. Auf diese Weise kann die Energieübertragung im Stromnetz gemäß Zielvorgaben des Regelnetzwerk-Betreibers optimiert werden. The control network 11 may comprise a database 21 in which the consumer identifications of registered consumers and possibly further consumer information are stored. It is connected via a communication device 13 in connection with usually several adapters according to the invention and recognizes in this way how many and which consumers are connected to the power supply. The communication device 13 can further serve to receive power network information from, for example, the network operator or large customers. In a data processing system 25, the power grid information (eg, grid load, wholesale power requirements, power market electricity prices) may be compared with the consumer information 10 of the consumers 1 connected to the network 1, and based on this comparison, the communication facility 13 may issue instructions to adapters 20 with appropriate consumers 10 connected thereto to switch the switches 6 integrated in the adapters 20 to the ON or OFF states (or, if provided, any intermediate state). In this way, the power transmission in the power grid can be optimized according to the specifications of the control network operator.
Die Transaktionen, beispielsweise die zeitweise Trennung des Verbrauchers vom Netz aufgrund von Anweisungen des Regelnetzwerks im Rahmen eines DSM-Systems können dann zwischen dem Nutzer des Verbrauchers 10 und dem Betreiber des Ladenetzewerks 11 abgerechnet werden. The transactions, for example the temporary disconnection of the consumer from the network based on instructions of the control network in the context of a DSM system, can then be billed between the user of the consumer 10 and the operator of the shop network 11.
Das Regelnetzwerk 11 bildet zusammen mit mehreren Adaptern 20, wie sie beispielsweise in Figur 1 dargestellt sind, ein System 50 zur Steuerung/Regelung der Energieübertragung in einem Stromnetz 1. The rules network 11 together with several adapters 20, as they For example, shown in Figure 1, a system 50 for controlling the energy transfer in a power grid. 1
Bei dem in den Figuren 2 und 3 dargestellten zweiten bzw. dritten Ausfür- hungsbeispiel sind Bauteile, die solchen des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels entsprechen, mit Bezugszeichen versehen, die durch Addition der Zahl 100 bzw. 200 aus den Bezugszeichen der entsprechenden Bauteile des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels hervorgehen. Die weiteren Ausführungsbeispiele werden nur insofern erläutert, als sie sich vom ersten Ausführungsbeispiel unter- scheiden, auf dessen vorstehende Beschreibung ansonsten ausdrücklich verwiesen wird. In the second and third embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, components corresponding to those of the first embodiment are denoted by reference numerals resulting from adding the numerals 100 and 200, respectively, to the reference numerals of the corresponding components of the first embodiment. The further exemplary embodiments are explained only insofar as they differ from the first exemplary embodiment, to the above description of which reference is expressly made.
Der in Figur 2 dargestellte Adapter 120 unterscheidet sich vom Adapter 20 dadurch, dass er zusätzlich einen Datenspeicher 115 aufweist, in dem z.B. die Verbraucherkennung, empfangene Anweisungen vom RegelnetzwerkThe adapter 120 shown in Figure 2 differs from the adapter 20 in that it additionally has a data memory 115 in which e.g. the consumer identification, received instructions from the control network
111 , Schalter-Zustände oder/und Zeitpunkte gespeichert sein können, zu denen bestimmte Aktionen wie das Schalten des Schalters 106, die Identifikation des Verbrauchers 110, der Empfang von Anweisungen vom Regelnetzwerk 111 oder der Anschluss des Adapters 120 an eine Ladestation 130 er- folgt sind. 111, switch states and / or times may be stored, to which certain actions such as the switching of the switch 106, the identification of the consumer 110, the reception of instructions from the control network 111 or the connection of the adapter 120 to a charging station 130 follows are.
Über einen Auslese-Anschluss 117, hier in Form eines USB-Anschlusses kann so der Nutzer des Verbrauchers 110 auf einfache Weise die gespeicherten Daten auslesen und so nachvollziehen, in welcher Weise ein über den Adapter 120 an der Ladestation 130 angeschlossener Verbraucher 110 an dem Regelnetzwerk 111 teilgenommen hat. Via a readout connection 117, here in the form of a USB connection, the user of the consumer 110 can read out the stored data in a simple manner and thus understand how a consumer 110 connected to the charging station 130 via the adapter 120 is connected to the control network 111 participated.
Der in Figur 3 dargestellte erfindungsgemäße Adapter 220 umfasst weiter eine Verbraucher-Kommunikationseinrichtung 219, welche dem Verbraucher 210 Steuerdaten senden kann, um diesen gemäß Steuer-Anweisungen des Regelnetzwerks 211 zu steuern, beispielsweise in einen Ruhezustand zu versetzen. Weiterhin kann die Verbraucher-Kommunikationseinrichtung 219 auch Verbraucherdaten vom Verbraucher empfangen, die dann über die Regelnetzwerk-Kommunikationseinrichtung an das Regelnetzwerk weitergeleitet werden können. Auf diese Weise kann beispielsweise die Datenbank 221 des Regelnetzwerks 211 aktualisiert werden. The adapter 220 according to the invention shown in FIG. 3 further comprises a consumer communication device 219 which can send control data to the consumer 210 in order to control it in accordance with control instructions of the control network 211, for example putting it into an idle state. Furthermore, the consumer communication device 219 may also receive consumer data from the consumer, which may then be forwarded to the rule network via the rule network communication device. In this way, for example, the database 221 of the control network 211 can be updated.
Schließlich unterscheidet sich der Adapter 220 von den in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellten Adaptern 20 und 120 dadurch, dass der Ladestation-An- schluss 204b und der Verbraucher-Anschluss 204c nicht direkt an einem Adapter-Körper 220k vorgesehen sondern durch Verbindungskabel 220I fest mit diesem verbunden sind. Diese Ausbildung des Adapters aus Adapterkörper und durch Kabel mit diesem verbundenen Anschlüssen 204b, 204c ist natürlich auch für die in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellten Adapter möglich. Die Kabel 220k können dabei deutlich länger sein, als in der Figur dargestellt, um das Anschliessen des Adapters 220 an die Ladestation 230 und den Verbraucher 210 zu erleichtern. Finally, the adapter 220 differs from the adapters 20 and 120 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in that the charging station connection 204b and the consumer connection 204c are not provided directly on an adapter body 220k but are firmly fixed by connection cables 220I connected to this. This configuration of the adapter body adapter and cables connected thereto by connections 204b, 204c is of course also possible for the adapter shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The cables 220k may be significantly longer than shown in the figure, to facilitate the connection of the adapter 220 to the charging station 230 and the load 210.
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2010/051570 WO2011098116A1 (en) | 2010-02-09 | 2010-02-09 | Adapter for connecting an electrical load to the charging station of a mains supply, in order to identify the load and to integrate the load into a control network |
| DE112010005242T DE112010005242A5 (en) | 2010-02-09 | 2010-02-09 | Adapter for connecting an electrical consumer to a charging station of a power network, for identifying the consumer and for integrating the consumer in a control network |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2010/051570 WO2011098116A1 (en) | 2010-02-09 | 2010-02-09 | Adapter for connecting an electrical load to the charging station of a mains supply, in order to identify the load and to integrate the load into a control network |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2011098116A1 true WO2011098116A1 (en) | 2011-08-18 |
Family
ID=43086337
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2010/051570 Ceased WO2011098116A1 (en) | 2010-02-09 | 2010-02-09 | Adapter for connecting an electrical load to the charging station of a mains supply, in order to identify the load and to integrate the load into a control network |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE112010005242A5 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011098116A1 (en) |
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| FR2990070A1 (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2013-11-01 | Sncf | DEVICE AND SYSTEM FOR EXCHANGING A SIGNAL WITH FUNCTIONAL EQUIPMENT |
| CN104704688A (en) * | 2012-10-05 | 2015-06-10 | 奥迪股份公司 | Module system for a charging apparatus, charging apparatus and vehicle comprising a charging apparatus constructed from the module system |
| DE102013022087A1 (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2015-06-25 | SmargeTech GmbH | Apparatus, method and system for adjusting a charging current of electrical energy storage devices in electrified vehicles |
| DE102017131090A1 (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-06-27 | Westnetz Gmbh | charging adapter |
| FR3076371A1 (en) * | 2017-12-31 | 2019-07-05 | Smart Packaging Solutions | SYSTEM FOR MONITORING ELECTRICAL DEVICES CONNECTED TO AN ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY NETWORK |
| CN110203088A (en) * | 2018-02-14 | 2019-09-06 | 雅迪科技集团有限公司 | Switching power supply identification system and its charging method |
| EP3663124A1 (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2020-06-10 | David Timothy Patrick Watson | System and method for controlling charging of an electric energy storage system of an electric vehicle |
| CN111284353A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2020-06-16 | 欧姆技术有限公司 | System and method for controlling charging of an electrical energy storage system of an electric vehicle |
| CN111391697A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-07-10 | 南京能瑞电力科技有限公司 | Charging control equipment and charging management system |
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| CN115009055A (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2022-09-06 | 华晨宝马汽车有限公司 | Adapter for connection, interface device, vehicle and connection system |
| WO2022269040A1 (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2022-12-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Supply cable |
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| FR2990070A1 (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2013-11-01 | Sncf | DEVICE AND SYSTEM FOR EXCHANGING A SIGNAL WITH FUNCTIONAL EQUIPMENT |
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| CN110203088A (en) * | 2018-02-14 | 2019-09-06 | 雅迪科技集团有限公司 | Switching power supply identification system and its charging method |
| EP3663124A1 (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2020-06-10 | David Timothy Patrick Watson | System and method for controlling charging of an electric energy storage system of an electric vehicle |
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| DE102019202886A1 (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2020-09-10 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Charging cable, charging plug and charging arrangement for charging an electric vehicle and a method for establishing an electrical connection between a charging station and an electric vehicle |
| DE102019202886B4 (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2025-07-03 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Charging cable, charging plug, charging station and charging arrangement for charging an electric vehicle and method for forming an electrical connection between a charging station and an electric vehicle |
| CN111391697A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-07-10 | 南京能瑞电力科技有限公司 | Charging control equipment and charging management system |
| CN115009055A (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2022-09-06 | 华晨宝马汽车有限公司 | Adapter for connection, interface device, vehicle and connection system |
| WO2022269040A1 (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2022-12-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Supply cable |
| EP4201735A2 (en) | 2021-12-22 | 2023-06-28 | PhySens GmbH | Adapter and charging system |
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| GB2620803A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2024-01-24 | Kemal Andrew | An electric vehicle charger adapter and method for charging an electric vehicle |
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| WO2024220716A3 (en) * | 2023-04-18 | 2024-12-05 | John Strisower | Multi-functional protective system for ev (electric vehicle) charging stations |
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| DE112010005242A5 (en) | 2012-11-15 |
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