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WO2011093741A1 - Dispositif pour produire simultanément des sublimats et des matériaux réfractaires métalliques ou non métalliques - Google Patents

Dispositif pour produire simultanément des sublimats et des matériaux réfractaires métalliques ou non métalliques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011093741A1
WO2011093741A1 PCT/RU2010/000650 RU2010000650W WO2011093741A1 WO 2011093741 A1 WO2011093741 A1 WO 2011093741A1 RU 2010000650 W RU2010000650 W RU 2010000650W WO 2011093741 A1 WO2011093741 A1 WO 2011093741A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reactor
heat exchange
metallic
stage
sublimates
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/RU2010/000650
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Юрий Александрович БУРЛОВ
Иван Юрьевич БУРЛОВ
Александр Юрьевич БУРЛОВ
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2011093741A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011093741A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/16—Remelting metals
    • C22B9/22—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation
    • C22B9/226—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation by electric discharge, e.g. plasma
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B4/00—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys
    • C22B4/005—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys using plasma jets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B4/00—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys
    • C22B4/08—Apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/04—Crucible or pot furnaces adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere

Definitions

  • the invention relates to electric arc plasma separator reactors for the simultaneous production of refractory, metallic and non-metallic materials and sublimates, mainly special types of artificial binder clinkers having a high degree of melt viscosity and related non-ferrous metals, and can be used in cement, chemical industry and metallurgy.
  • the invention can significantly reduce energy consumption due to drying and heating of the raw material mixture, using the heat of the clinker and the reactor itself, maximizing the efficiency of all equipment, dramatically increasing the performance of the separator reactor and the quality of fused clinkers, eliminating the cyclic nature of work.
  • the alleged invention relates to devices for the simultaneous production of refractory, metallic and non-metallic materials and sublimates, mainly special types of artificial binder clinkers, for example cement clinker, having a high degree of melt viscosity and related metal alloys, and can be used in the cement industry.
  • a device for melting a material mainly cement clinker, containing a chamber, solid horizontal rod electrodes, openings for introducing waste and steam, an opening for discharging exhaust gases is known.
  • RF patent il 57060 C2, H 05 B7 / 00 dated 15.12. 1998.
  • the disadvantages of this device are the low resource of the plasmatron (erosion of the electrodes), low productivity of the unit when using industrial waste, the cyclical nature of the work and the high consumption of energy resources.
  • Known plasma reactor for melting a material mainly cement clinker, comprising a cylindrical chamber, hollow rod electrodes passing into the chamber through its upper cover, holes for introducing reagents in the chamber vault and outlet in the hearth, two electromagnetic coils covering the chamber and located one above the other by its height.
  • the disadvantage of this method is the rapid wear of the electrodes and the need to stop the unit to replace them.
  • Known plasma reactor for melting a material mainly cement clinker, including a water-cooled cylindrical chamber, rod hollow graphite electrodes passing into the chamber through the top cover, four side feeders and one upper feeder for introducing the raw material charge, an electromagnetic coil, a longitudinal, hollow, internally cooled raw material, a partition that divides the camera into two equal parts and has horizontal slit openings for the exit of the material and create an additional garrison the same hole and an opening for the arc, located above the surface of the melt rotating in the horizontal plane to evacuate solid raw materials from under the electrodes and move it to the arc burning zone, openings for outputting the finished material.
  • the disadvantage of this invention is the low reliability of the partition.
  • a plasma thermal decarbonizer reactor-separator for simultaneous production of a melt of refractory non-metallic materials and metallic materials and sublimates, containing a cylindrical chamber, rod hollow electrodes, a channel for evacuating exhaust gases and sublimates, an electromagnetic coil, side feeders with channels for entering part of the heated raw material and / or creating a skull on the lining in the form of conical slopes at the boundary of the melt mirror, a granulator for cooling and granulating the melt of refractory non-metallic materials with clinker production, heat exchangers of the first and second stages for heat transfer and return to the production process.
  • the disadvantages of this invention are the technological difficulties of the cooled clinker and heated raw materials at the first stage of heat transfer, as well as the reduction in quality of the resulting finished clinker.
  • the basis of the present invention is the elimination of heat loss to the environment, the maximum use of the energy of exothermic reactions, the minimum energy consumption necessary for clinker formation, a significant increase in the productivity of the device for the simultaneous production of refractory, metallic and non-metallic materials and sublimates and the quality of cement clinkers.
  • a device for simultaneously producing a melt of refractory metallic and nonmetallic materials and sublimates containing a channel for supplying fire-liquid slag located in the upper cover of the reactor chamber, a channel for evacuating exhaust gases and sublimates, an electromagnetic coil that creates rotation the melt in the horizontal plane for the evacuation of raw materials from under the electrodes and moving it to the arc burning zone and controlled by a special power source that changes frequency and magnitude of alternating current, side feeders with channels for introducing part of the heated raw material and / or creating a skull on the lining in the form of conical slopes at the boundary of the melt mirror, a channel for outputting melts of refractory non-metallic materials located in the side wall at a distance of 1/3 of the height from the camera vault.
  • the heat exchange device of the first stage being made in the form two-chamber drum mixer for simultaneous drying and heating of the feed mixture to t 1 10-150 ° C with hot clinker coming from the granulator and further transfers heated charge into the heat exchanger of the second stage
  • the heat exchanger of the second stage is made in the form of a hollow body, covering the cylindrical chamber of the reactor and heating the raw material charge to t 360-400 ° C
  • the heat exchanger of the third stage is made in the form of a hollow graphite electrode, in the inner channel of which there are inclined overflow shelves or a conveying screw, the temperature of the raw material mixture at this stage is heated to t 800-900 ° C, as well as additional small electrodes immersed in the melt and
  • a device for the simultaneous production of refractory metallic and nonmetallic materials and sublimates includes a second-stage heat exchanger 1, which is a cylindrical chamber around the reactor vessel and consisting of an internal bearing part I, an external part of the lined body c and a filler b (raw material charge) of the cavity, which during continuous operation of the feeders 2 and 3 moves from the upper horizontal part of the housing to the heat exchanger 1.
  • a second-stage heat exchanger 1 which is a cylindrical chamber around the reactor vessel and consisting of an internal bearing part I, an external part of the lined body c and a filler b (raw material charge) of the cavity, which during continuous operation of the feeders 2 and 3 moves from the upper horizontal part of the housing to the heat exchanger 1.
  • the heat exchanger 1 of the second stage covers a cylindrical chamber around the outer continuous reactor vessel to transfer heat from the reactor vessel a with a temperature of 600 ° ⁇ to the raw material charge, channel 4 for evacuating the exhaust gases and sublimates, openings 5 in the bottom for removing molten metal materials from the chamber .
  • the electromagnetic coil 6 creates a rotation of the melt in a horizontal plane to evacuate the raw materials from under the heat exchanger of the third stage of the plasma torch-thermo decarbonizer 7 with a conveying screw, through which plasma-forming and transporting gas (argon, nitrogen, carbon dioxide) is supplied and moving it to the arc burning zone, in where the temperature of the raw material charge increases to 800-900 ° C, while the raw material mixture passes through the stage of thermal shock when it passes from the plasma torch-thermal decarbonizer, getting into the plasma melt, seven side feed lei 9 (1 ', 2', 3 ', 4', 5 ', 6', 7 ') with channels for introducing part of the
  • the clinker melt granulator is mounted under the reactor to cool and granulate the melt of refractory non-metallic materials made in the form of a rotating t an arc 12, cooled by water from the inside, a rotary drum mixer 13, which is a first-stage heat exchanger, for transporting and transferring heat from a pre-granulated clinker with a temperature of 1000-1200 ° ⁇ to a raw material charge with simultaneous drying and heating of a raw material charge to a temperature above 1 10 ° ⁇ , which is supplied through the feeder 14 to the cavity of the heat exchanger 1 of the second stage, the fire-liquid slag with a temperature of more than 1800 ° C is fed by the feeder through the graphite channel 15, located in the upper cover of the chamber, two rods 16, at with the help of which the reactor starts, the additional small electrodes 17 perform the function of the main electrodes at the time of replacement of the latter.
  • a device for the simultaneous production of refractory metallic and non-metallic materials and sublimates works as follows.
  • the reactor is powered through a third-stage heat exchanger of the plasmatron-thermode decarbonizer 7 with a feed mixture heated to 360-400 ° C.
  • the raw material charge is initially heated in a first-stage heat exchanger, which is a continuous double-chamber drum mixer 13, containing a shell with loading and unloading holes for heating the raw material charge and simultaneously cooling the clinker and serves to transfer heat from the clinker with a temperature of 1000-1200 ° ⁇ in the raw material charge with a temperature of 5-20 ° C, the mixture is heated to t 1 10-150 ° C.
  • Clinker is obtained in the reactor from a clinker melt, which is poured onto a granulator 12 for heat recovery and granulation.
  • the granulator 12 is made in the form of a rotating water-cooled plate inside, when hit on which the melt by centrifugal force is thrown onto stationary plates, while it is cooled and crushed. Then, the selected mixture heated to t 1 10-150 ° C is continuously fed by the feeder 14 into the cavity of the cylindrical chamber around the reactor vessel, which serves as the heat exchanger 1 of the second stage.
  • the raw material mixture enters the hollow body through feeders 2 and 3, cools the walls of the reactor, and at the same time it heats up to t 360-400 ° ⁇ and side feeders 9 ( ⁇ , 2 ', 3', 4 ', 5', 6 ', 7 ') is introduced through channels located in the walls of the body at an angle of 90 ° on one horizontal plane relative to each other, into the reactor on the melt surface to create a skull lining of the material itself at the boundary of the melt mirror, resulting in a skull 10 in the form of conical slopes on melt mirror, thereby thermochemical corrosion of the lining is excluded.
  • the raw material charge is heated to t 360-400 ° C using feeder 18, through a plasma torch-thermal decarbonizer 7 is fed into the reactor chamber, while the temperature of the mixture reaches 800-900 ° C.
  • the raw material charge heated to t 800 - 900 ° ⁇ , which is introduced, contains in the calculated amount chemical compounds that provide artificial binders, for example, cement clinker, during their melting.
  • the influence of a magnetic field of variable frequency has a modifying effect on the formation monomineral phases of aluminates and calcium ferrites, which can dramatically improve the quality of artificial binders (clinker) and obtain new types of cementitious cements.
  • clinker artificial binders
  • the deposition of metals is due to the fact that their density is at least two times higher than the clinker melt.
  • Pairs of easily combustible rare metals for example, lithium
  • carbon dioxide released as a result of decarbonization of the carbonate components of the clinker charge
  • the proposed device due to its compactness, the use of a continuous production process, heating the raw material charge moving in the cavity of the housing and cooling the walls of the reactor, cooling the clinker with the same raw material charge, minimizes energy consumption, significantly increases the productivity of the reactor, and improves the quality clinker, and along with this allows to obtain by-products in the form of their melt and sublimates.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne la production de sublimats et de matériaux réfractaires métalliques ou non métalliques. Le dispositif comprend un réacteur / séparateur, des dispositifs d'alimentation latéraux dotés de canaux, un granulateur et des échangeurs de chaleur des premier, deuxième et troisième stades. Le réacteur / séparateur se présente comme une chambre cylindrique dotée d'une électrode creuse en forme de tige avec des éléments échangeurs de chaleur, un canal d'évacuation de gaz d'échappement et de sublimats et une bobine électromagnétique. L'échangeur de chaleur de premier stade se présente comme un mélangeur à tambour destiné au séchage et au réchauffement de la charge de base jusqu'à une température supérieure à 100°C avec du clinker chaud venant du granulateur. L'échangeur de chaleur de deuxième stade possède un corps creux entourant la chambre cylindrique du réacteur. Le dispositif échangeur de chaleur de troisième stade se présente comme un dispositif à plasma de décarbonisation thermique. L'invention permet d'éliminer les pertes de chaleur vers l'environnement, d'utiliser au maximum l'énergie des réactions exothermiques, de consommer un minimum de ressources énergétiques nécessaires à la formation du clinker et d'augmenter considérablement la productivité du réacteur et la qualité des clinkers de ciment.
PCT/RU2010/000650 2010-02-01 2010-11-02 Dispositif pour produire simultanément des sublimats et des matériaux réfractaires métalliques ou non métalliques Ceased WO2011093741A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2010103013/02A RU2404272C1 (ru) 2010-02-01 2010-02-01 Устройство для одновременного получения тугоплавких металлических и неметаллических материалов и возгонов
RU2010103013 2010-02-01

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WO2011093741A1 true WO2011093741A1 (fr) 2011-08-04

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RU (1) RU2404272C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011093741A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103866135A (zh) * 2014-02-27 2014-06-18 赵志强 可连续加料的电加热坩埚式低沸点金属蒸馏炉

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2477173C1 (ru) * 2011-08-29 2013-03-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-внедренческое предприятие "ЭЧТЕХ" Установка для электрогидравлического обогащения и концентрирования минерального, в том числе золотосодержащего сырья с высоким содержанием глинистых компонентов
EP4558649A1 (fr) * 2022-07-22 2025-05-28 Hertha Metals, Inc. Procédé et appareil pour production de métaux, alliages, mattes ou laitiers enrichis et nettoyés à partir de charges principalement d'oxyde

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2222190A1 (de) * 1971-05-07 1972-11-16 Elphiac Sa Plasmaofen
SU537459A1 (ru) * 1975-12-29 1976-11-30 Казахский научно-исследовательский институт энергетики Многофазный плазменный реактор
US4745338A (en) * 1986-04-22 1988-05-17 University Of Alabama Electromagnetically sustained plasma reactor
RU2213792C1 (ru) * 2002-04-19 2003-10-10 Бурлов Юрий Александрович Плазменный реактор-сепаратор
RU2354724C2 (ru) * 2007-01-16 2009-05-10 Юрий Александрович Бурлов Плазменный термодекарбонизатор реактор-сепаратор (тдрс)

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2222190A1 (de) * 1971-05-07 1972-11-16 Elphiac Sa Plasmaofen
SU537459A1 (ru) * 1975-12-29 1976-11-30 Казахский научно-исследовательский институт энергетики Многофазный плазменный реактор
US4745338A (en) * 1986-04-22 1988-05-17 University Of Alabama Electromagnetically sustained plasma reactor
RU2213792C1 (ru) * 2002-04-19 2003-10-10 Бурлов Юрий Александрович Плазменный реактор-сепаратор
RU2354724C2 (ru) * 2007-01-16 2009-05-10 Юрий Александрович Бурлов Плазменный термодекарбонизатор реактор-сепаратор (тдрс)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103866135A (zh) * 2014-02-27 2014-06-18 赵志强 可连续加料的电加热坩埚式低沸点金属蒸馏炉

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