WO2011059357A1 - Method for dismantling small arms cartridges and device for implementing same - Google Patents

Abstract

The group of inventions relates to the field of small arms cartridge (SAC) recycling and in particular to technology for dismantling cartridges into their component parts, including the case, the bullet and the gunpowder, in an automated fashion with possible reuse of the separate parts of the cartridge and processing of the other parts to give materials for industrial use. The essence of the invention consists in that: the cartridges are disposed in positions of continuously rotating transport rotors and a process rotor with actuating mechanisms and tool units spaced evenly around the circumference; the bullet is extracted from the case in two stages, with the bullet being extracted in the first stage to an extent which enables the passage of air and eliminates gunpowder dispersal, and, in the second stage, the bullet being extracted fully from the case, being released from the clamps and being forcibly ejected into a receiving tray; the case is transported to the area of an armoured capsule where the gunpowder is released from said case and then said case is discharged into a tray; the gunpowder is transferred to a weighable vessel. When using a two-chamber armoured capsule, the gunpowder is poured alternately into a free vessel of one of the chambers, said vessel being prevented from opening. The technical result achieved by the invention consists in providing fire and explosion safety conditions in a continuous operating mode; achieving high productivity of the SAC dismantling process; increasing the reliability of the equipment during use; providing a simple design.

Description

 Method for dismantling small arms cartridges and device for its implementation

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of disposal of small arms cartridges (PSO), and in particular, to the technology of dismantling cartridges for component parts including a sleeve, bullet, gunpowder in an automated mode with the possible reuse of individual parts of the cartridge and the processing of other parts into industrial materials destination.

State of the art

Currently, a large number of PSOs to be disposed of are stored in base warehouses. The solution to this problem requires the creation of an effective industrial technology that ensures environmental fire and explosion safety of the disposal process and the creation of high-performance equipment, in particular for the dismantling of cartridges.

 The operation of dismantling cartridges refers to fire and explosive. In this regard, even partial scattering of gunpowder on the actuators of the equipment and cartridge elements (bullet, sleeve) creates an explosive condition ™. The removal of gunpowder from the sleeve must be carried out in containers installed in the explosion-proof cabin.

 A number of inventions are known in which methods and devices for dismantling a PSO are described.

In RF patent N2 2181188 published on April 10, 2002, a method is described for cutting a small unitary cartridge in which a bullet is divided and the sleeves are carried out as a result of the deformation of the liner by creating a bending moment relative to the bullet. In this case, the cartridge is placed down by the bullet and the removal of gunpowder and the bullet is carried out in one direction, which inevitably leads to the coating of the bullet with powder dust, which can be filled in containers with bullets, which is explosive when transporting and processing bullets.

 The same applies to RF patent N ° 2122706, published November 27, 1998.

 In RF patent N ° 2300728, published on June 10, 2007, the bullet is removed from the sleeve in a horizontal plane with continuous movement of the bullet in the gripping body, with the powder spilling out of the sleeve, falling on the bullet and actuators.

 In the patent of the Russian Federation Ν »2357203, published on 05.27.2009, the sleeve moves with powder in one channel, invariably covered with powder dust. When a bullet is removed from the sleeve, the powder also splashes out, falling on the actuators.

 Thus, in all known methods and devices, gunpowder and powder dust when disassembling a bullet from a sleeve and spilling powder partially falls on the actuators and cartridge elements, which is fire and explosion hazard during equipment operation.

Disclosure of the invention.

The objective of the present invention is to provide a highly productive, reliable in operation and providing conditions of fire and explosion safety technologies and equipment for dismantling the SAR.

The technical result obtained from the invention is to create a method and device for dismantling a cartridge, excluding dispersion - dusting of powder and powder dust on the actuating mechanisms of the equipment and cartridge elements (sleeve, bullet) and providing an explosion-proof system for collecting powder into transported containers and removing these containers without stopping the equipment.

 The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the extraction of the bullet from the sleeve is carried out with the vertical location of the cartridge bullet up in two stages. At the first stage, the bullet is preliminarily removed from the sleeve by an amount that allows air to pass into the sleeve, but which holds the dispersion of gunpowder from the sleeve. At the second stage, the final extraction of the bullet from the sleeve is carried out. In this case, the extracted bullet is forcibly released from the grabs and freely pushed into the receiving tank. The sleeve is freed from gunpowder in an explosion-proof armored cabin made with two chambers isolated from each other, in which containers for receiving gunpowder are installed. As one of the containers is filled with gunpowder, the latter is weighed, and the gunpowder is sent to the free tank of another insulated chamber of the armored car, which is blocked for opening. This allows you to remove the container filled with powder without stopping the machine and thereby ensure continuous operation of the equipment in compliance with safety requirements. Filled containers can also be monitored by the dose calculated.

 The achievement of the specified technical result is possible using the device proposed for the implementation of the aforementioned method.

Brief Description of the Drawings More specifically, the claimed method and device are explained using the drawings, which show:

 figure 1 - General view of the automatic dismantling of the cartridge;

 figure 2 - schematic representation of the machine (top view);

 FIG. 3 - view of the tanks located in the armored car;

 figure 4 - General view of the tool block dismantling the cartridge; 5 is a schematic illustration of the operations of dismantling the cartridge on the transitions.

An embodiment of the invention

The cartridge dismantling machine (FIGS. 1, 2) contains a bed 1 on which two automatic loading devices 2 with feeders are installed, supplying a transport rotor 3, a technological rotor of dismounting a cartridge 4 with tool blocks 5, receiving a transport rotor 6, an armored cab 7, a powder receiving tray 8, a rotary receiving tray 9, a powder receiving container 10, a powder weight control sensor 11, a rotary latch 12, a door lock 13, a rotary tray and latch control electromagnet 14. A drum 15 is mounted on the shaft of the technological rotor with axially movable sliders 16. An annular collar 17, along the profile of which a slider moves with its roller, is fixed in the curbstone 18.

 In FIG. 2 shows the machine in a top view with receiving trays of the bullet 19 and the sleeve 20.

 In FIG. 3 is a view of the weighed containers 10 installed in the cameras of the armored cab with a stationary tray 8 and a rotary tray 10.

Instrument block 5 (Fig. 4) comprises a top housing 21 in which a movable slider 22 is mounted, freely connected to the slider nom 16 rotor. On the slider 22, freely swinging jaws 23 are fixed, a spring-loaded sleeve 24 pressing the jaws 23 and a spring-loaded ejection punch 25. A cam 26 and an abutment 27 are rigidly fixed to the housing 21. In the lower case 28 of the block, the cartridge fastens for a groove .

 In FIG. 5 shows the technological process of dismantling the cartridge along the transitions (pos. 1 - 6).

 On pos. 1 shows the moment the cartridge is installed in the tool block.

 On pos. 2 shows the moment of capture of a bullet.

 On pos. 3 shows the moment of preliminary removal of the bullet from the sleeve.

 On pos. 4 shows the moment of the final extraction of the bullet from the sleeve, the release of the bullet from the grips and its ejection.

 On pos. 5 shows the moment of removal of the sleeve from the tool block.

 On pos. 6 shows the moment of the initial position of the tool.

 The machine works as follows. The cartridges oriented in the loading devices 2 (FIG. 1) are transferred to the position of the feed transport rotor 3, which, as it rotates, transfers the cartridges with the bullet up into the tool blocks 5, in which the cartridge is dismantled. The slider 16 of the technological rotor moves, as the rotor rotates, in the drum 15 along the copy 17, and controls the movement of the slider 22 of the tool block.

According to the technological process (Fig. 5), the cartridge transport rotor is installed in the lower housing 28 of the tool block (item 1). The slider 22 lowers down and clamps the grippers 23 bullet (pos. 2). Next, the slider rises up, previously removing the bullet on a certain a second value, and stops for the purpose of air passage (item 3), excluding the splashing of gunpowder from the sleeve.

 With further rotation of the rotor, the slider, after stopping in the axial direction, rises again, finally removing the bullet (pos. 4).

 The grips 23 slide over the cam 26 with their outer shoulder, turn around their axis and release the bullet. To guarantee the delivery of the bullet from the block during further movement of the slider, the punch 25 hits the support 27, stops, acts on the bullet remaining in the grips, and pushes it into the tray 19 (Fig. 2).

 Next, the slider lowers down to its original position, and the sleeve is captured by the transport rotor (pos. 5) and in the armored cab zone it is rotated by an angle of 160 to 200 ° and the powder is poured into the tray 8 (Figs. 1, 2, 3), according to which the powder is poured into the rotary tray 9 and then into one of the containers 10. The sleeve, upon further rotation of the transport rotor, is discharged into the tray 20 (Fig. 2).

 As the capacity is filled by the signal of the weight control sensor of the powder 11, the tray, under the action of, for example, the drive of the electromagnet 14, rotates around its axis and is mounted above the free capacity. At the same time, the latch 12, mounted on an axis, releases the lock 13 on the doors of the chamber and locks the door of the other chamber. The filled tank is removed from the armored car without stopping the machine.

Industrial applicability

The invention used in the machine provides fire and explosion safety, high productivity of the process of dismantling the PSO, reliability in operation during operation, simplicity of design.

Claims

CLAIM 1. The method of dismantling small arms cartridges containing a sleeve with a capsule, gunpowder and a bullet, including placing cartridges in the positions of continuously rotating transport and technological rotors, removing a bullet from a sleeve and removing a sleeve, bullet and gunpowder, characterized in that that the bullet is removed from the sleeve in two stages, and in the first stage of rotation of the technological rotor, the bullet is removed by an amount that allows air to pass through and excludes powder dispersion, and then, after stopping axial movement, the bullet in the second stage ends - Tel'nykh removed from the sleeve, and upon further axial movement is freed from gripper and forcibly pushed into the receptacle, and the sleeve is transported in bronekabiny zone and freed from the powder.  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the trajectory of the actuating mechanism for extracting the bullet is provided by the profile of the ring copier along which the roller of the rotor slide moves.  3. The method according to p. 1 characterized in that the release of the sleeve from gunpowder is carried out when the sleeve is rotated in the range from 160 to 200 ° in the armored cab zone into a removable container that reacts by means of control to the amount of gunpowder filling.  4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when using a two-chamber armored car, the powder is poured alternately into one of the free containers. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that when the powder is filled with any of the tanks of the armored car, the corresponding chamber is blocked for opening. 6. A device for dismantling small arms cartridges, containing continuously rotating transport and technological rotors with actuators and tool blocks evenly spaced around the circumference, characterized in that the device is equipped with an armored cockpit for receiving gunpowder, and the technological rotor in the upper part is equipped with movable axes with sliders in contact with a circular copier arranged around the circumference, and freely connected with sliders of the tool block with support zhinennymi axial ejectors and spring loaded bullet GOVERNMENTAL multiple double-armed oscillating grippers contacting an inner shoulder with the bullet surface and a shoulder at the outer axial vom disclosure for moving the contacting with that obtained on a stationary cam block.  7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the two-shouldered grips are pressed into the initial position by the movable spring-loaded sleeve.  8. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the ejector punch located in the spring loaded sleeve rests with its shoulder in the end face of the sleeve, and the other end, with axial movement, on a fixed support for ejecting the bullet.  9. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the sleeve is held from axial movement behind the flange by the annular protrusion of the receiver of the tool block.  10. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that when the armored car is double-chamber, the powder receiving tray is configured to switch from a chamber with a tank filled with gunpowder to a chamber with a free tank.