RU2300728C2 - Method for dressing of fixed cartridge - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: salvaging of ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: the method consists in successive execution of operations in loading of cartridges, extraction of the bullet from the cartridge case, pouring out of powder and removing of the cartridge case. The novelty is in the fact that all operations are performed in the vertical plane of the disk rotating in the horizontal axis in a cyclic manner. The cartridges are loaded in the disk horizontally in the slot by the bullet from the disk center, further at rotation of the disk in the vertical plane in the next horizontal position of the disk slot the bullet is taken out from in the disk with the neck down, the powder is poured out, which then is washed off so as to enhance the explosion-fire safety.

EFFECT: simplified procedure, enhanced reliability and safety of operations.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of disposal of ammunition, in particular to methods for cutting unitary cartridges of small arms into constituent elements: bullet, gunpowder, sleeve.

A known method of automated cutting of cartridges (see patent No. RU 2122705, class F42B 3/06, publ. 11/27/98), consisting in the fact that when performing a cutting operation (loading cartridges, removing a bullet, pouring gunpowder from the sleeve, removal of the sleeve, etc.) the movement of cartridges occurs along the generatrix of the cylinder (in the nests of the drum) with the bullet down. The disadvantage of this method is the difficulty of performing certain operations, namely:

- loading requires a feed mechanism for moving cartridges in the lateral direction (horizontal);

- orientation of cartridges from horizontal to vertical when feeding with support on a bullet, which is not always possible due to the presence of sensitive fuses;

- when the capsule is pricked, the flame ejection from the sleeve coincides with the direction of the powder rash.

A known method of cutting a unitary cartridge (see patent No. RU 2122706, class F42B 33/06, publ. 11/27/98), consisting in the fact that the bullet and sleeve are separated as a result of the application of mechanical loads by the following operations:

- deformation of the barrel muzzle due to the creation of bending and torques of the bullet relative to the sleeve, carried out simultaneously;

- sequentially carrying out the previous operation in a different direction and removing the bullet from the deformed sleeve when the latter moves.

The disadvantages of this method is the complexity of the practical implementation and the lack of reliability of their actions, which are due to:

- the need for reliable clamping of the cartridge, including from turning around its axis;

- the need to ensure reciprocating movement of the cartridge;

- successive repetition of the process of deformation of the barrel of the barrel.

There are previously applications filed by OOO "Hephaestus-M" (Ref. No. 38 / 4a-52 and 38 / 4a-53 dated 01.04.03) (FIPS No. 2003110196/02 (010733) dated 09.04.2003) for methods cutting unitary cartridges, different from the known ones in that:

1. When cutting, the orientation of each cartridge along the axis and their movement is carried out along the trajectory that forms the cone in such a way that loading is performed in the area close to the horizontal position of the cartridge, powder is spilled from the sleeve in the area close to the vertical position of the sleeve, and the capsule is tipped - with the inclined position of the sleeve after the powder is spilled out, while the erupted part of the powder is washed off with water.

2. Axial mechanical loading of the bullet with grippers and deformation of the sleeve due to the bending moment of the bullet are carried out simultaneously.

The disadvantages of these methods is

under item 1:

- incomplete precipitation of gunpowder from the cartridge case, since only part of the cartridge path is close to the vertical position along the cone, and as a result, there is a constant ignition of the powder residue in the cartridge case (significant amount) during breakdown of the capsule,

- the ingress of antimony and mercury compounds into wastewater (concentrations exceed p.d. by hundreds of times) during irrigation of gunpowder flush after breakdown of explosive capsules - shell igniters;

under item 2:

- a constant either kink or bending of the grips when the bullet is removed, and when the bullets are not removed, the device is jammed or shot in the machine when the capsule is broken;

- deformation of bullets by a gripper at a bending moment, which is very dangerous when working with explosive bullets containing a fuse and explosives in the body of the bullet.

The present invention solves the problem of creating a high-performance, reliable, safe technology for the disposal of small-caliber cartridges.

The technical result obtained from the invention is to simplify the method of cutting cartridges, increase the reliability of the method and the safety of work when using it.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of automated cutting of a unitary cartridge by sequentially performing operations on loading cartridges, removing a bullet from the shell of powdered powder, removing the cartridge case, the new thing is that when cutting, the orientation of the cartridges during loading occurs in a horizontal plane, and then the movement of the cartridge with a bullet goes in a vertical plane in a disk rotating on a horizontal axis, and after loading a cartridge in a disk goes up a bullet and with the next horizontal the decomposition occurs cartridge recess bullet from the barrel by two spring-loaded cam collet type grippers which when taking the bullet further movement of the cartridge, are moved apart and release the bullet.

Further, during the movement of the sleeve in the disk in a vertical plane with a muzzle down, a powder precipitates with good emptying of the sleeve, since the movement of the disk occurs cyclically, i.e. creates the effect of shaking the liner or vibration.

When the sleeve reaches the initial horizontal position in the disk, the empty sleeve is ejected from the disk by the newly feeding cartridge.

Distinctive features of the claimed invention is that all operations for cutting unitary cartridges (loading cartridges, removing a bullet from a cartridge case, pouring gunpowder) are performed in a disk rotating cyclically in a vertical plane on the horizontal axis, which ensures the optimal position of the cartridge at different stages of cutting, when this reduces the number of mechanisms that ensure the spatial position of the cartridge, for example, there is no mechanism for moving the cartridge in a lateral or inclined position, the most nd release liner from the powder, which is important for further operations pinholes capsule.

A technical solution with features distinguishing the claimed solutions from prototypes is unknown and does not follow explicitly from the prior art. This suggests that the claimed solution is new and has an inventive step.

The proposed method is carried out using the device, which is illustrated in the drawing, which shows the installation diagram for the implementation of the proposed method for automated cutting of unitary cartridges of small arms.

The installation consists of a welded frame 1, on which is fixed a plate with windows for the lower part of the disk 3 and estrus for bullets and sleeves. The axis of the disk 3 is fixed in the split housings of the bearings 2. A swinging lever with a ratchet 4 is installed on the axis, which rotates the disk 3 through the ratchet wheel. On the right side of the disk (see the drawing), the slide moves in guides with adjustable amplitude. Slider 5. Slider comes into motion with the help of a rod 6, the second end of which is mounted on an eccentrically located axle box 10 mounted on a low-speed shaft of the worm gear 7. Spring-loaded ball grips 9 are installed on the slide, which go forward a bullet, turning back and during the return stroke rotated forward until it stops penetrating into the body of the bullet, the bullet grab and pull it out of the cartridge. In the further course, the grippers 9 are abutted, rotated and fired into the heat. A transverse bar 12, which controls two rods, is fixed on top of the slider. Link 13 controls the rotation of the disk. The accuracy of turning and stopping the disk largely depends on the tension of the ball rotation locks 8, the springs of which and the degree of compression must be constantly monitored to ensure the accuracy of fixing the rotation of the disk. Moreover, when reversing, the ratchet 4 passes back through one tooth and, moving further, does not reach the second tooth by 3-4 mm. This is necessary so that the slider, moving forward, pulls out a bullet, and the disk does not begin to turn. The cross bar 12 also controls the thrust 14, which sends the cartridges into the groove of the disk from the vertical cartridge at the end of the tray 17. In order for the cartridges to fall into the desired position, a cutter is installed at the bottom of the tray in the form of two turning cams controlled by a special rod 15 with a rammer body and spring 16. When moving backward, the lower cartridge is released, and all the remaining ones are locked. When the cartridge enters the groove of the disk, it pushes the sleeve located in it and, moving, is clamped by a prismatic spring clip in the middle of the disk.

Other installation elements are not shown as unprincipled.

The proposed method is implemented as follows. Cartridges in groups of 6-8 pcs. stacked on the tray 17. The operator separates from the array several cartridges and without distortions, without making any effort, lowers them into the cartridge receiver. The drive side rotates counterclockwise. With the right horizontal position of the cartridge (according to the scheme), the bullet is pulled out and with the further movement of the cartridge without the bullet, the powder spills into estrus. Occupying the extreme left position (according to the scheme), the empty sleeve is knocked out into the sleeve, the next cartridge takes its place, the cycle is repeated 16 times in one revolution of the disk. At the bottom of the bullet grabs is a cartridge sensor that provides a signal to the cartridge counter, which displays the number of processed cartridges.

All operations for cutting the cartridge occur when it moves along the trajectory in a vertical plane, which ensures the convenience of their carrying out (loading, pouring out powder, unloading bullets and cartridges), simplifies the design of the installation and increases the safety of work.

The removal of gunpowder from the installation is carried out by flushing it with water into an adjacent room along the heat through the PGZ-70 flame trap.

The method of cutting ammunition was tested on installations for cutting ammunition when disposing of 12.7 mm and 14.5 mm cartridges and showed reliability, ease of implementation and the possibility of creating highly reliable and productive equipment for the disposal of cartridges of various calibers.

Claims (1)

A method for automated cutting of unitary cartridges, including loading the cartridge into the disk, fixing the cartridge in the groove of the disk, moving the cartridge, removing the bullet from the cartridge sleeve, pouring gunpowder from the cartridge case, removing the cartridge case, gunpowder and bullet, characterized in that when loading the cartridge is oriented horizontally the position of the groove of the disk, the cartridge is rotated cyclically in a vertical plane on the horizontal axis, then the movement of the cartridge is carried out in the position of the cartridge with the bullet up, with the subsequent horizontal position of the cartridge about uschestvlyayut bullet recess cam spring-loaded detents, after which the motion of the sleeve in the disk dulcitol down powder and precipitation is carried out when the liner original horizontal position it is pushed out of the newly supplied disk cartridge.