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WO2010129958A2 - Système et procédé de détermination et d'utilisation de profils d'énergie de client pour une commande de la charge destinée à des structures individuelles, dispositifs et groupement de ceux-ci - Google Patents

Système et procédé de détermination et d'utilisation de profils d'énergie de client pour une commande de la charge destinée à des structures individuelles, dispositifs et groupement de ceux-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010129958A2
WO2010129958A2 PCT/US2010/034247 US2010034247W WO2010129958A2 WO 2010129958 A2 WO2010129958 A2 WO 2010129958A2 US 2010034247 W US2010034247 W US 2010034247W WO 2010129958 A2 WO2010129958 A2 WO 2010129958A2
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customer
energy
determining
service point
profiles
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WO2010129958A3 (fr
Inventor
Joseph W. Forbes, Jr.
Joel L. Webb
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Consert Inc
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Consert Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to electrical power load control systems and, more particularly, to creating customer profiles using energy
  • CRM customer relationship management
  • Deployed systems that have customer profiling communicate customer actions and other data back to the development organization. That data is analyzed to understand the customer's experience. Lessons learned from that analysis is used to make modifications to the deployed system, resulting in an improved system.
  • Customer profile data may also be used in marketing and sales. For instance, a retail business may collect a variety of information about a customer, including what customers look at on-line and inside "brick-and-mortar" stores. This data is mined to try to identify customer product preferences and shopping habits. Such data helps sales and marketing determine how to present products of probable interest to the customer, resulting in greater sales.
  • Embodiments described herein utilize the Active Load Management System
  • ALMS energy usage data at each service point and stores that data in a central database. This data describes all of the energy consumed by devices owned by each customer, as well as additional information, such as customer preferences. Other embodiments of the ALMS focus on use of this information in the calculation of carbon credits or for the trading of unused energy.
  • a system and method are provided for creating and making use of customer profiles, including energy consumption patterns.
  • Devices within a service point, using the active load director may be subject to control events, often based on customer preferences. These control events cause the service point to use less power.
  • Data associated with these control events, as well as related environment data are used to create an energy consumption profile for each service point. This can be used by the utility to determine which service points are the best targets for energy consumption.
  • an additional algorithm determines how to prevent the same service points from being picked first each time the utility wants to conserve power.
  • a method for determining and using customer energy profiles to manage electrical load control events on a communications network between a server in communication with an electric utility and a client device at each of a plurality of service points.
  • a customer profile is generated at the server for each of a plurality of customers including at least energy consumption information for a plurality of controllable energy consuming devices at an associated service point.
  • the plurality of customer profiles is stored in a database at the server for use in load control events.
  • the plurality of customer profiles are aggregated into a plurality of groups based on at least one predetermined criterion.
  • a candidate list of service points for load control events based on the predetermined criterion is generated at the server.
  • a load control event is sent to at least one selected service point in the candidate list of service points in response to an energy reduction request including a target energy savings received from the electric utility via the communications network.
  • An energy savings for the plurality of controllable energy consuming devices resulting from the load control event at the selected service point is determined at the server.
  • the server determines if the resulting energy savings is at least equal to the target energy savings.
  • the load control event is sent to at least one selected additional service point in the candidate list of service points in order to reach the target energy savings, if the target energy savings has not been reached.
  • a system is provided for determining and using customer energy profiles to manage electrical load control events on a communications network between a server in communication with an electric utility and a client device at each of a plurality of service points.
  • the system includes a memory storing a database containing a plurality of customer profiles for load control events wherein each customer profile includes at least energy consumption information for a plurality of controllable energy consuming devices at an associated service point; and a server processor, cooperative with the memory, and configured for managing electrical load control events on the communications network to the plurality of service points by: generating a customer profile for each of a plurality of customers; aggregating the plurality of customer profiles into a plurality of groups based on at least one predetermined criterion; generating a candidate list of service points for load control events based on the predetermined criterion; sending a load control event to at least one selected service point in the candidate list of service points in response to an energy reduction request including a target energy savings received from the electric utility via the communications network; determining an energy savings for the plurality of controllable energy consuming devices resulting from the load control event at the selected service point; determining if the resulting energy savings is at least equal to the target energy savings; and sending the load control event to
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary IP-based, Active Load Management
  • Fig. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary active load director (ALD) server included in the active load management system.
  • Fig. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary active load client (ALC) included in the active load management system.
  • Fig. 4 is a graph illustrating how drift is calculated.
  • Fig. 5 is a graph illustrating how service points are selected for optimal drift.
  • Fig. 6 is an operational flow diagram illustrating an exemplary Intelligent
  • the term "electric utility” refers to any entity that generates and distributes electrical power to its customers, that purchases power from a power-generating entity and distributes the purchased power to its customers, or that supplies electricity created by alternative energy sources, such as solar power, wind power or otherwise, to power generation or distribution entities through the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) electrical grid or otherwise.
  • FEC Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
  • Embodiments of the invention include a number of novel concepts, including a customer profile, drift, and intelligent load rotation as more fully described below.
  • a customer profile captures patterns of power consumption for each customer.
  • the drift concept includes a method for calculating drift, which is important in estimating power savings within thermal control devices.
  • the intelligent load rotation concept includes a method for selecting customers for utility-initiated control events using intelligent load rotation.
  • AMS Active Management Load System
  • ALD Active Load Director
  • ALC Active Load Client
  • control events and other messaging used in embodiments of the invention include regulated load management messages.
  • Regulated load management messages contain information used to apply control of the electric supply to individual appliances or equipment on customer premises.
  • the load to be controlled includes native load and operating reserves including regulating, spinning, and non-spinning types.
  • Fig. 1 depicts an exemplary IP -based Active Load Management System (ALMS) 10 that may be utilized by a utility in the embodiments described herein.
  • the exemplary ALMS 10 monitors and manages power distribution via an active load director (ALD) 100 connected between one or more utility control centers (UCCs) 200 and one or more Active Load Clients (ALCs) 300.
  • the ALD 100 may communicate with the utility control center 200 and each active load client 300 either directly or through a network 80 using the Internet Protocol (IP) or any other connection-based protocols.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the ALD 100 may communicate using RF systems operating via one or more base stations 90 using one or more well-known wireless communication protocols.
  • the ALD 100 may communicate via a digital subscriber line (DSL) capable connection, cable television based IP capable connection, or any combination thereof.
  • DSL digital subscriber line
  • the ALD 100 communicates with one or more active load clients 300 using a combination of traditional IP-based communication (e.g., over a trunked line) to a base station 90 and a wireless channel implementing the WiMax protocol for the "last mile" from the base station 90 to the active load client 300.
  • Each ALC 300 is accessible through a specified address (e.g., IP address) and controls and monitors the state of individual smart breaker modules or intelligent appliances 60 installed in the business or residence 20 to which the ALC 300 is associated (e.g., connected or supporting).
  • Each ALC 300 is associated with a single residential or commercial customer.
  • the ALC 300 communicates with a residential load center 400 that contains smart breaker modules, which are able to switch from an "ON" (active) state to an "OFF" (inactive) state, and vice versa, responsive to signaling from the ALC 300.
  • each smart breaker controls a single appliance (e.g., a washer/dryer 30, a hot water heater 40, an HVAC unit 50, or a pool pump 70).
  • the ALC 300 may control individual smart appliances directly (e.g., without communicating with the residential load center 400) via one or more of a variety of known communication protocols (e.g., IP, Broadband over Power Line (BPL) in various forms, including through specifications promulgated or being developed by the HOMEPLUG Powerline Alliance and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Ethernet, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi, WiMax, etc.).
  • a smart appliance 60 includes a power control module (not shown) having communication abilities.
  • the power control module is installed in-line with the power supply to the appliance, between the actual appliance and the power source (e.g., the power control module is plugged into a power outlet at the home or business and the power cord for the appliance is plugged into the power control module).
  • the power control module receives a command to turn off the appliance 60, it disconnects the actual power supplying the appliance 60.
  • a smart appliance 60 may include a power control module integrated directly into the appliance, which may receive commands and control the operation of the appliance directly (e.g., a smart thermostat may perform such functions as raising or lowering the set temperature, switching an HVAC unit on or off, or switching a fan on or off).
  • a service point 20 may have its own power generation on- site, including solar panels, fuel cells, or wind turbines. This is indicated by the power generating device 96.
  • the power generating device 96 connects to the Active Load Client 300. Power that is added by the power generating device 96 is added to the overall utility capacity. The utility provides credit to the service point owner based on the energy produced at the service point.
  • the service point 20 also contains the Customer Dashboard 98. This is a web-based interface used by the customer to specify preferences for the use of the Active Load Management System at the customer's service point. These preferences include control event preferences, bill management preferences, and others.
  • the ALD 100 may serve as the primary interface to customers, as well as to service personnel.
  • the ALD 100 includes a utility control center (UCC) security interface 102, a UCC command processor 104, a master event manager 106, an ALC manager 108, an ALC security interface 110, an ALC interface 112, a web browser interface 114, a customer sign-up application 116, customer personal settings 138, a customer reports application 118, a power savings application 120, an ALC diagnostic manager 122, an ALD database 124, a service dispatch manager 126, a trouble ticket generator 128, a call center manager 130, a carbon savings application 132, a utility power and carbon database 134, a read meter application 136, and a security device manager 140.
  • UCC utility control center
  • customers interact with the ALD 100 using the web browser interface 114, and subscribe to some or all of the services offered by the power load management system 10 via a customer sign-up application 116.
  • the customer specifies customer personal settings 138 that contain information relating to the customer and the customer's residence or business, and defines the extent of service to which the customer wishes to subscribe.
  • Customers may also use the web browser interface 114 to access and modify information pertaining to their existing accounts.
  • the ALD 100 also includes a UCC security interface 102 which provides security and encryption between the ALD 100 and a utility company's control center 200 to ensure that no third party is able to provide unauthorized directions to the ALD 100.
  • a UCC command processor 104 receives and sends messages between the ALD 100 and the utility control center 200.
  • an ALC security interface 110 provides security and encryption between the ALD 100 and each ALC 300 on the system 10, ensuring that no third parties can send directions to, or receive information from, the ALC 300.
  • the security techniques employed by the ALC security interface 110 and the UCC security interface 102 may include conventional symmetric key or asymmetric key algorithms, or proprietary encryption techniques.
  • the master event manager 106 maintains the overall status of the power load activities controlled by the power management system 10.
  • the master event manager 106 maintains a separate state for each utility that is controlled and tracks the current power usage within each utility.
  • the master event manager 106 also tracks the management condition of each utility (e.g., whether or not each utility is currently being managed).
  • the master event manager 106 receives instructions in the form of transaction requests from the UCC command processor 104 and routes instructions to components necessary to complete the requested transaction, such as the ALC manager 108 and the power savings application 120.
  • the ALC manager 108 routes instructions between the ALD 100 and each ALC 300 within the system 10 through an ALC interface 112. For instance, the ALC manager 108 tracks the state of every ALC 300 serviced by specified utilities by communicating with the ALC 300 through an individual IP address.
  • the ALC interface 112 translates instructions (e.g., transactions) received from the ALC manager 108 into the proper message structure understood by the targeted ALC 300 and then sends the message to the ALC 300.
  • the ALC interface 112 receives messages from an ALC 300, it translates the message into a form understood by the ALC manager 108 and routes the translated message to the ALC manager 108.
  • the ALC manager 108 receives from each ALC 300 that it services, either periodically or responsive to polling messages sent by the ALC manager 108, messages containing the present power consumption and the status (e.g., "ON” or "OFF") of each device controlled by the ALC 300. Alternatively, if individual device metering is not available, then the total power consumption and load management status for the entire ALC 300 may be reported.
  • the information contained in each status message is stored in the ALD database 124 in a record associated with the specified ALC 300.
  • the ALD database 124 contains all the information necessary to manage every customer account and power distribution.
  • the ALD database 124 contains customer contact information and associated utility companies for all customers having ALCs 300 installed at their residences or businesses, as well as a description of specific operating instructions for each managed device (e.g., IP-addressable smart breaker or appliance), device status, and device diagnostic history.
  • managed device e.g., IP-addressable smart breaker or appliance
  • a status response message reports the type and status of each device controlled by the ALC 300 to the ALD 100.
  • the ALC manager 108 logs the information contained in the message in the ALD database 124.
  • the ALC manager 108 upon receiving instructions (e.g., a "Cut" instruction) from the master event manager 106 to reduce power consumption for a specified utility, the ALC manager 108 determines which ALCs 300 and/or individually controlled devices to switch to the "OFF" state based upon present power consumption data stored in the ALD database 124. The ALC manager 108 then sends a message to each selected ALC 300 containing instructions to turn off all or some of the devices under the ALCs control.
  • instructions e.g., a "Cut" instruction
  • a read meter application 136 may be optionally invoked when the UCC command processor 104 receives a "Read Meters" or equivalent command from the utility control center 200.
  • the read meter application 136 cycles through the ALD database 124 and sends a read meter message or command to each ALC 300, or to ALCs 300 specifically identified in the UCCs command, via the ALC manager 108.
  • the information received by the ALC manager 108 from the ALC 300 is logged in the ALD database 124 for each customer.
  • the information is sent to the requesting utility control center 200 using a business to business (e.g., ebXML) or other desired protocol.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary active load client 300 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the depicted active load client 300 includes a smart breaker module controller 306, a communications interface 308, a security interface 310, an IP-based communication converter 312, a device control manager 314, a smart breaker (Bl-BN) counter manager 316, an IP router 320, a smart meter interface 322, a smart device interface 324, an IP device interface 330, and a power dispatch device interface 340.
  • the active load client 300 in this embodiment, is a computer or processor-based system located on-site at a customer's residence or business.
  • the primary function of the active load client 300 is to manage the power load levels of controllable, power consuming load devices located at the residence or business, which the active load client 300 oversees on behalf of the customer.
  • the active load client 300 may include dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP) client functionality to enable the active load client 300 to dynamically request IP addresses for itself and/or one or more controllable devices 402 - 412, 60 managed thereby from a DHCP server on the host IP network facilitating communications between the active load client 300 and the ALD 100.
  • the active load client 300 may further include router functionality and maintain a routing table of assigned IP addresses in a memory of the active load client 300 to facilitate delivery of messages from the active load client 300 to the controllable devices 402 - 412, 60.
  • the power generation device 96 at the service point 20 sends data about power generated to the power dispatch device interface 340.
  • a communications interface 308 facilitates connectivity between the active load client
  • a standard IP Layer-3 router 320 routes messages received by the communications interface 308 to both the active load client 300 and to any other locally connected device 440. The router 320 determines if a received message is directed to the active load client 300 and, if so, passes the message to a security interface 310 to be decrypted. The security interface 310 provides protection for the contents of the messages exchanged between the ALD server 100 and the active load client 300.
  • the message content is encrypted and decrypted by the security interface 310 using, for example, a symmetric encryption key composed of a combination of the IP address and GPS data for the active load client 300 or any other combination of known information. If the message is not directed to the active load client 300, then it is passed to the IP device interface 330 for delivery to one or more locally connected devices 440.
  • the IP router 320 may be programmed to route power load management system messages as well as conventional Internet messages. In such a case, the active load client 300 may function as a gateway for Internet service supplied to the residence or business instead of using separate Internet gateways or routers.
  • An IP based communication converter 312 opens incoming messages from the ALD server 100 and directs them to the appropriate function within the active load client 300.
  • the converter 312 also receives messages from various active load client 300 functions (e.g., a device control manager 314, a status response generator 304, and a report trigger application 318), packages the messages in the form expected by the ALD server 100, and then passes them on to the security interface 310 for encryption.
  • the device control manager 314 processes power management commands for various controllable devices logically connected to the active load client 300.
  • the devices can be either smart breakers A02- ⁇ X2 or other IP based devices 60, 460, such as smart appliances with individual control modules (not shown).
  • the device control manager 314 also processes "Query Request" or equivalent commands or messages from the ALD server 100 by querying a status response generator 304 which maintains the type and status of each device controlled by the active load client 300, and providing the status of each device to the ALD server 100.
  • the status response generator 304 receives status messages from the ALD server 100 and, responsive thereto, polls each controllable device 402 - 412, 60, 460 under the active load client's control to determine whether the controllable device 402 - 412, 60, 460 is active and in good operational order. Each controllable device 402 - 412, 60, 460 responds to the polls with operational information (e.g., activity status and/or error reports) in a status response message.
  • the active load client 300 stores the status responses in a memory associated with the status response generator 304 for reference in connection with power reduction events.
  • the smart device interface 324 facilitates IP or other address-based communications to individual devices 60 (e.g., smart appliance power control modules) that are attached to the active load client 300.
  • the connectivity can be through one of several different types of networks including, but not limited to, BPL, ZigBee, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or direct Ethernet communications.
  • the smart device interface 324 is a modem adapted for use in or on the network connecting the smart devices 60 to the active load client 300.
  • the smart breaker module controller 306 formats, sends, and receives messages to and from the smart breaker module 400.
  • the communications is preferably through a BPL connection.
  • the smart breaker module controller 306 includes a BPL modem and operations software.
  • the smart breaker module 400 contains individual smart breakers 402 - 412, wherein each smart breaker 402 - 412 includes an applicable modem (e.g., a BPL modem when BPL is the networking technology employed) and is preferably in-line with power supplied to a single appliance or other device.
  • the Bl-BN counter manager 316 determines and stores real time power usage for each installed smart breaker 402 - 412. For example, the counter manager 316 tracks or counts the amount of power used by each smart breaker 402 - 412 and stores the counted amounts of power in a memory of the active load client 300 associated with the counter manager 316.
  • the smart meter interface 322 manages either smart meters 460 that communicate using BPL or a current sensor 452 connected to a traditional power meter 450.
  • a "Read Meters" command is sent to the meter 460 via the smart meter interface 322 (e.g., a BPL modem).
  • the smart meter interface 322 receives a reply to the "Read Meters" message from the smart meter 460, formats this information along with identification information for the active load client 300, and provides the formatted message to the IP based communication converter 312 for transmission to the ALD server 100.
  • the embodiments disclosed make use of the "customer profiles" concept.
  • the ALMS enables data to be gathered to generate a profile of each customer, including information about controllable energy consuming devices, and the related individual structures or service points.
  • Customer profiles reside within the Active Load Director Database 124 in the Active Load Director 100. Included in this customer profile is the customer's pattern of energy consumption.
  • the customer profile includes, but is not limited to, the following: (1) customer name;
  • connection/disconnection profile can include service priority (i.e., elderly, police, etc.) and disconnection instructions.
  • the customer profile is created by using data gathered from within the ALMS.
  • Data gathered or calculated includes, but is not be limited to, the following: (1) set points; (2) energy and average energy used in a given time period; (3) energy and average energy saved in a given time period; (4) drift time per unit temperature and average drift time; and (5) power time per unit temperature and average power time per unit temperature.
  • additional data called "variability factors" may be captured by the ALMS as part of the customer profile, including, but not limited to, the following: (1) outside temperature, (2) sunlight, (3) humidity, (4) wind speed and direction, (5) elevation above sea level, (6) orientation of the service point structure, (7) duty duration and percentage, (8) set point difference, (9) current and historic room temperature, (10) size of structure, (11) number of floors, (12) type of construction (brick, wood, siding etc.) (13) color of structure, (14) type of roofing material and color, (15) construction surface of structure (built on turf, clay, cement, asphalt etc.), (16) land use (urban, suburban, rural), (17) latitude/longitude, (18) relative position to jet stream, (19) quality of power to devices, (20) number of people living in and/or using structure and (21) other environmental factors.
  • the methods described herein consolidate this information creating a historic energy consumption pattern reflecting the amount of energy used by each service point to maintain its normal mode of operation. This energy consumption pattern is part of a customer's profile.
  • Energy consumption patterns are subject to analysis that may be used for a variety of different types of activities. For example, based on the energy consumption patterns created from this data, the ALD will derive performance curves and/or data matrices for each service point to which the Active Load Management System is attached and determine the amount of energy reduction that can be realized from each service point. The ALD will create a list of service points through which energy consumption can be reduced via demand side management, interruptible load, or spinning/regulation reserves.
  • This information can be manipulated by the ALD processes to create a prioritized, rotational order of control, called “intelligent load rotation” which is described in detail below.
  • This rotational shifting of the burden of the interruptible load has the practical effect of reducing and flattening the utility load curve while allowing the serving utility to effectively group its customers within the ALD or its own databases by energy efficiency.
  • the embodiments described encompass a closed loop system and method for creating a customer profile, calculating and deriving patterns of energy drift, and making use of those patterns when implemented through the machinery of a system comprised of load measurement devices combined with the physical communications link and when these inputs are manipulated through a computer, processor, memory, routers and other necessary machines as those who are skilled in the art would expect to be utilized.
  • Drift a closed loop system and method for creating a customer profile, calculating and deriving patterns of energy drift, and making use of those patterns when implemented through the machinery of a system comprised of load measurement devices combined with the physical communications link and when these inputs are manipulated through a computer, processor, memory, routers and other necessary machines as those who are skilled in the art would expect to be utilized.
  • the embodiments described also make use of the concept of "drift.”
  • the data gathered for the customer profile is used to empirically derive the decay rate or drift, temperature slope, or a dynamic equation (f ⁇ x ⁇ ) whereby the service point (or device) will have a uniquely derived “fingerprint” or energy usage pattern.
  • Drift occurs when a climate-controlled device begins to deviate from a set point. This may occur both normally and during control events. Customers define the upper and lower boundaries of comfort in customer preferences, with the set point in the middle of those boundaries. During normal operation, a climate controlled device will attempt to stay near the device's set point. However, all devices have a duty cycle that specifies when the device is in operation because many devices are not continuously in operation. For a climate- controlled device, the duty cycle ends when the inside temperature reaches, or is within a given tolerance of, the set point. This allows the device to "drift" (upward or downward) toward a comfort boundary temperature.
  • drift is the time it takes for a climate-controlled device to move from the set point to the upper or lower comfort boundary. Drift is calculated and recorded for each service point and for each device associated with the service point. The inverse of drift is "power time" which is the time it takes for the device to move from the comfort boundary to the set point.
  • Drift may also occur during a control event.
  • a control event is an action that reduces or terminates power consumption of a device.
  • a climate-controlled device will drift toward maximum or minimum control event boundaries (upper or lower) until it reaches that boundary which is normally outside the comfort boundary. Once it reaches the control event boundary, the ALMS returns power to the device to enable it to reach the set point again.
  • an HVAC system may have a set point of 72° and a minimum and maximum temperature of 68° and 76°, respectively.
  • a control event would cause the HVAC system to begin to lose power and move toward the minimum temperature.
  • the control event would end, and power would be restored to the HVAC system, thus causing the temperature to rise toward the preferred temperature.
  • a similar but opposite effect would take place on a warm day.
  • drift as well as other measurements available from the active load director data base 124, are used to create an energy consumption pattern for each service point. Additional measurements may include vacancy times, sleep times, times in which control events are permitted, as well as variability factors referred to previously.
  • a device that resides within an energy-efficient structure will have a tendency to cool or heat more slowly, thus exhibiting a lower rate of drift.
  • These devices may be subject to control events for longer periods of time, commensurate with the rate of drift, because it takes them longer to drift to a comfort boundary.
  • the active load director server 100 identifies service points that have an optimum drift for power savings.
  • the power savings application 120 calculates drift for each service point and saves that information in the active load director data base 124. Intelligent Load Rotation
  • Intelligent load rotation uses machine intelligence to ensure that the same service points are not always selected for control events, but distributes control events over a service area in some equitable way.
  • intelligent load rotation may be implemented in any one skilled in the art.
  • service points are simply selected in a sequential list until the end is reached, after which selection starts at the top of the list again. This is a fairly straightforward approach that may be implemented by any one skilled in the art.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates an operational flow diagram of the basic intelligent load rotation algorithm 1800. All other embodiments of intelligent load rotation are based on this embodiment. In general, the algorithm goes through each service point within a group of service points, and sends control events to each of those service points until enough energy savings have been obtained.
  • the algorithm first identifies a group selection criteria as indicated in logic block 1802. This may be as simple as all service points or may be more complex, such as selecting service points within a specified drift or within a specified geographic area.
  • the group selection criteria may include, but is not limited to, any of the following: (1) random selection of service points; (2) drift; (3) grouping of logical geodetic points by a utility; (4) efficiency rating of appliances; (5) ALD customer preferences; (6) capacity of devices; (7) proximity to transmission lines; (8) pricing signals (both dynamic and static); and (9) service priority, based upon an emergency situation (i.e. fire, police, hospital, elderly, etc.).
  • the algorithm then identifies an individual service point selection criterion as indicated in logic block 1804. This is the criterion for selecting individual service points within a group. In its simplest embodiment, this criterion involves sequential selection of service points within the group. Other criteria may include random selection, selection based on number of previous control events, or other criteria.
  • the algorithm creates a candidate list of service points based on the group selection criteria as indicated in logic block 1806. From this list, the algorithm selects a service point based on the individual service point selection criteria as indicated in logic block 1810. The ALMS then sends a control event to the selected service point as indicated in logic block 1814, and calculates the energy savings of that control event based on drift calculation as indicated in block 1816. The algorithm then determines if more energy savings are needed to reach the savings target as indicated in decision block 1820. If not, then the ALMS records where the algorithm ended in the candidate list as indicated in block 1824 and exits. If more energy savings are needed, then the ALMS determines if any more service points are in the candidate list as indicated in decision block 1830. If there are no more service points in the candidate list, then the algorithm returns to the beginning of the candidate list again in logic block 1840. Otherwise, if there are more service points in the candidate list, the algorithm simply returns to logic block 1810.
  • decision block 1820 may be modified to determine if more service points are to be selected from this group.
  • intelligent load rotation Many embodiments are based on the group selection criteria.
  • Service points may be grouped by geography or some other common characteristic of service points. For example, groups might include "light consumers” (because they consume little energy), “daytime consumers” (because they work at night), “swimmers” (for those who have a pool and use it), or other categories. These categories are useful to the utility for quickly referring to customers with specific energy demographics. The utility may then select a number of service points in each group for control events to spread control events among various groups.
  • optimum drift can be used as the group selection criteria.
  • the utility may want to select those service points that are the most energy efficient.
  • a group of service points is selected that have had the fewest control events in the past. This ensures that service points with the most control events in the past will be bypassed in favor of those who have received fewer control events.
  • drift is used as a means of intelligent load rotation.
  • the calculation for one service point represents one vector on the graph. Each vector represents the drift for a single service point.
  • the ALD 100 determines the median drift and all service points having a drift that is within one standard deviation away from that median. That represents the shaded area in the graph depicted in Fig. 5. If sufficient service points cannot be found that are within one standard deviation, then the second standard deviation can be selected.
  • energy consumption patterns in customer profiles are used to identify service points that are the best targets for excess power sharing. This would occur when renewable energy such as solar or wind is added to the grid, resulting in power that cannot be compensated for by the grid. This could occur, for example, on very windy days. When this happens, utilities are faced with the problem of what to do with the excess energy. Instead of cutting power to service points in order to affect power savings, a utility could add energy to service points in order to effect power dissipation. The service points selected by the utility may be different (or even the inverse) of those selected for power savings. The devices at these service points would be turned on if they were off or set points for climate- controlled devices would be adjusted to heat or cool more than normal.
  • energy consumption patterns within customer profiles could be used to identify opportunities for up selling, down selling, or cross selling. These opportunities may be determined by the power utility or by its partners. Data from customer profiles may be used to provide insights on inefficient devices, defective devices, or devices that require updating to meet current standards. Customer profile data may also be used to identify related sales opportunities. For example, if energy consumption patterns suggest that the customer may be very interested in personal energy conservation, then sales efforts could be directed toward that individual concerning products related to that lifestyle. This information can be used by the utility or its partners to provide incentives to customers to buy newer, updated devices, or obtain maintenance for existing devices.
  • the customer is given the option to opt out of having his customer profile used for sales and marketing efforts, or for regulating energy conservation.
  • the customer profile makes use of open standards (such as the CPExchange standard) that specify a privacy model with the customer profile.
  • open standards such as the CPExchange standard
  • the use of consumption patterns in this manner is governed by national, state, or local privacy laws and regulations.
  • a further embodiment of using customer profiles to identify sales opportunities involves the use of device information to create incentives for customers to replace inefficient devices.
  • the invention identifies those customers who may benefit from replacement of those devices.
  • the invention estimates a payback period for replacement. This information is used by the ALMS operator to create redemptions, discounts, and campaigns to persuade customers to replace their devices.
  • the term “ZigBee” refers to any wireless communication protocol adopted by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) according to standard 802.15.4 or any successor standard(s), and the term “Bluetooth” refers to any short-range communication protocol implementing IEEE standard 802.15.1 or any successor standard(s).
  • the term “High Speed Packet Data Access (HSPA)” refers to any communication protocol adopted by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) or another mobile telecommunications standards body referring to the evolution of the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) standard beyond its third generation Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) protocols.
  • ITU International Telecommunication Union
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • EVDO Evolution Date-Optimized
  • CDMA EVDO Rev. A refers to the communication protocol adopted by the ITU under standard number TIA-856 Rev. A.
  • embodiments or components of the systems described herein may be comprised of one or more conventional processors and unique stored program instructions that control the one or more processors to implement, in conjunction with certain non-processor circuits, some, most, or all of the functions for managing power load distribution, and tracking and controlling individual subscriber power consumption and savings in one or more power load management systems.
  • the non-processor circuits may include, but are not limited to, radio receivers, radio transmitters, antennas, modems, signal drivers, clock circuits, power source circuits, relays, meters, smart breakers, current sensors, and customer input devices. As such, these functions may be interpreted as steps of a method to distribute information and control signals between devices in a power load management system.

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Abstract

L'invention porte sur un système et un procédé de création et d'utilisation de profils de clients, comprenant des configurations de consommation d'énergie. Des dispositifs d'un point de service, à l'aide du directeur actif de charge, peuvent être soumis à des événements de commande, souvent basés sur des préférences du client. Les événements de commande amènent le point de service à utiliser moins de puissance. On utilise des données associées à ces événements de commande, telles que des données écologiques, pour créer un profil de consommation d'énergie pour chaque point de service. Le service public peut utiliser ceci pour déterminer quels points de service sont les meilleures cibles pour la consommation d'énergie. De plus, un algorithme de rotation de charge intelligent détermine la façon d'empêcher les mêmes points de service d'être choisis les premiers à chaque fois que le service public souhaite conserver la puissance.
PCT/US2010/034247 2009-05-08 2010-05-10 Système et procédé de détermination et d'utilisation de profils d'énergie de client pour une commande de la charge destinée à des structures individuelles, dispositifs et groupement de ceux-ci Ceased WO2010129958A2 (fr)

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US12/702,640 US8131403B2 (en) 2007-08-28 2010-02-09 System and method for determining and utilizing customer energy profiles for load control for individual structures, devices, and aggregation of same

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