WO2010084267A1 - Water sanitising plant comprising a laid filtration zone - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a water sanitising plant (100) that includes an intensive sanitising unit (102) and an extensive sanitising unit (104), consisting of a laid filtration zone. The intensive sanitising unit (102) is supplied with water to be sanitised and discharges the water thus pre-sanitised to the extensive sanitising unit (104). The sanitising installation (100) is characterised in that the laying zone (104) is a horizontal filtration zone consisting of a trench (122) having a slope descending from the area where the water from the intensive sanitising unit (102) is discharged, and in that it comprises an evacuation line (116) arranged at the end of the laying region (104) opposing the end just below the surface of the laid region (104), where the water from the sanitising unit (102) is discharged.

Description

 WATER SANITATION INSTALLATION COMPRISING AN AREA OF

FILTRATION PLANTEE

The present invention relates to a water purification installation.

Water and especially domestic wastewater must be sanitized before being discharged into the natural environment.

The wastewater is collected in a pipeline network that conducts the water to a wastewater treatment plant. This type of plant represents a significant investment for the services in charge of sanitation. Such a plant can therefore be built only in the case of a strong location of housing for example.

In the case of a small housing establishment of the order of 20 to 100 dwellings or ZAC (Concerted Development Zone), such a wastewater treatment plant represents a very high load on the community and has a strong influence in ground because of its surface.

An object of the present invention is to propose a water purification plant which does not have the drawbacks of the prior art and which in particular is inexpensive in investment and operating costs and has a reduced footprint on the ground. compared to a wastewater treatment plant.

For this purpose, a water purification installation is proposed comprising:

- an intensive sanitation unit, and

- An extensive sanitation unit, the intensive sanitation unit is supplied with water to sanitize and discharging the pre-cleaned water to the extensive sanitation unit.

Advantageously, the intensive sanitation unit is a fixed biological treatment system.

Advantageously, the extensive sanitation unit is a planted horizontal filtration zone.

Advantageously, the planting area consists of a trench that slopes downwards from where the water from the intensive sanitation unit is discharged.

According to a particular embodiment, the water purification plant comprises a transfer line connecting the intensive sanitation unit to the extensive sanitation unit and consists of a single pipe.

According to another particular embodiment, the water purification plant comprises a transfer line connecting the intensive sanitation unit to the extensive sanitation unit and consisting of a first pipe, a buffer tank, a second pipe and a pump arranged in the buffer tank, the first pipe receiving the water from the intensive sanitation unit and discharging it into the buffer tank, the pump discharging the water, thus discharged in the second pipe leading to the entrance of the extensive sanitation unit.

Advantageously, the water purification plant comprises an evacuation pipe disposed at the end of the extensive sanitation unit opposite the end where the water from the intensive sanitation unit is discharged. Advantageously, the evacuation pipe opens out to the natural environment via an elbow whose free height extends vertically upwards.

Advantageously, the water purification plant comprises a ramp through which water from the intensive sanitation unit is discharged into the extensive sanitation unit via a ramp. The characteristics of the invention mentioned above, as well as others, will appear more clearly on reading the following description of an exemplary embodiment, said description being made with reference to FIG. unique which represents a water purification plant according to the invention.

Fig. unique shows a water purification plant 100 which comprises in series an intensive sanitation unit 102 and an extensive sanitation unit 104.

The intensive sanitation unit 102 makes it possible to quickly achieve a significant depollution of wastewater but does not allow for a total depollution. The intensive sanitation unit 102 is connected, on the one hand, upstream to an inlet pipe 106 through which the wastewater to be sanitized arrives and, on the other hand, downstream to a transfer pipe 108, 110 , 112.

The extensive sanitation unit 104 makes it possible to carry out the complementary depollution of the wastewater slowly. The slowness of this depollution makes it possible to obtain a perfect depulution of the water before its rejection in the natural environment. In function, in particular the height of the land on which the water purification plant 100 is located, the transfer line can take different forms. If the height difference is greater than 1 m between the output of the intensive sanitation unit 102 and the entrance of the extensive sanitation unit 104, the transfer line may take the form of a single pipe.

If the height difference is less than 1 m between the output of the intensive sanitation unit 102 and the inlet of the extensive sanitation unit 104, the transfer line may be constituted in series of a first pipe 108, a buffer tank 112, a second pipe 110 and a pump 114. The first pipe 108 receives the water from the intensive sanitation unit 102 and transfers it to the buffer tank 112, where the pump 114 is arranged. The water is then pumped by the pump 114 into the second pipe 110 which opens at the entrance to the extensive sanitation unit 104. The buffer tank 112 regulates the flow of water to the extensive sanitation unit 104 and to ensure the most continuous flow possible. The pump 114 can be controlled according to the level of the water in the buffer tank 112. Thus, when the water reaches a high level in the buffer tank 112, the pump 114 starts to discharge the water to the second pipe 110, and when the water reaches a low level in the buffer tank 112, the pump stops.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the intensive sanitation unit 102 is a biological treatment system fixed cultures such as for example of the bacterial bed type.

The biological treatment system comprises a plastic casing in which is disposed a support for bacteria and a sludge separator.

The wastewater from the inlet pipe 106 passes successively through each biological reactor in order to be rid of the maximum of pollutants of organic origin.

At the outlet of the intensive sanitation unit 102, the wastewater is not yet able to be discharged into a natural medium of low acceptability, without this having an impact. The extensive sanitation unit 104 provides the rest of the sanitation.

Sludge from the intensive sanitation unit 102 is discharged upstream to a suitable reservoir.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the extensive sanitation unit 104 is of the planted filter type. For example, the extensive sanitation unit 104 is a horizontal filtration zone planted with macrophytes 118, such as reeds, on gravel bed 120.

The planting zone 104 consists of a trench 122 which has a downward slope from where the water from the intensive sanitation unit 102 is discharged, that is to say where the second In a particular embodiment of the invention, corresponding to the wastewater treatment of 10 equivalent inhabitants, the length of the trench 122 is 22 m, its width 90 cm, its slope is 3.18%. and the depth at the point where the second pipe 110 opens is 60 cm. To evacuate the water from the trench 122, an evacuation pipe 116 is provided at the end of the extensive sanitation unit 104, that is to say the trench 122, opposite the end where opens the second pipe 110, that is to say here at the deepest part of the trench 122. The drainage pipe 116 is disposed just below the surface of the gravel bed 120 and opens into the a discharge duct 126 and to the natural environment via a bend 128 whose free height extends vertically upwards and thus determines the discharge height. The free height is advantageously adjustable to adjust the discharge height.

The serialization of the two sanitation units 102 and 104 provides a sanitation installation 100 which is inexpensive and has a reduced footprint compared to a conventional purification plant.

Indeed, the establishment of a single intensive sanitation unit 102 would require a very large volume of treatment that would have a strong hold on the ground, and the establishment of a single extensive sanitation unit. would require a multi-storey planting area which would also have a strong hold on the ground.

In addition, the serialization of the two sanitation units 102 and 104 overcomes the disadvantages of each of them taken alone.

The intensive sanitation unit 102 is very sensitive to bactericidal agents and other household cleaning products of the bleach type while the extensive sanitation unit 104 is very resistant to such pollutants. Thus, it is possible, even in case of pollution, to ensure good water purification, since a decrease in efficiency of the intensive sanitation unit 102 is offset by a continuous operation of the extensive sanitation unit 104 and this as long as the intensive sanitation unit 102 has not regained its integrity by dilution and disappearance of pollutants.

Such a water purification plant 100 can filter the water including nitrogen and bacteria they contain before rejecting them in the middle, natural.

To ensure a good distribution of water over the width of the trench 122, the second pipe 1 10 or said single pipe opens into the bed of gravel 120 via a ramp which extends along this width. Thus, the water from the intensive sanitation unit 102 is discharged into the extensive sanitation unit 104 via the ramp.

The bed of gravel 120 is constituted, in the zone where the second channel 110 opens, of a distribution block, which consists for example of rollers of 60-100 mm caliber over a length of 1 m and the width of the trench 122 to distribute water evenly over the width of the trench 122. The rest of the gravel bed is preferably made of gravel diameter between 1 and 3 mm, such as quartzite type sand.

The sealing of the trench is ensured by the removal of a geomembrane 124. for example PEHB, which is itself protected on each of its faces by an anti-punching genotextile. A phosphorus treatment device may be arranged upstream of the intensive sanitation unit 102.

Of course, the present invention is not limited to the examples and embodiments described and shown, but it is capable of many variants accessible to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1) Water sanitation facility (100) comprising: - an intensive sanitation unit (102), and - an extensive sanitation unit (104), consisting of a filtration zone planted the unit of intensive sanitation (102) being supplied with water to be sanitized and discharging the pre-planted water to the extensive sanitation unit (104) the sanitation facility (100) being characterized in that the planting area (104) ) is a horizontal filtration zone consisting of a trench (122) that slopes downward from where the water from the Intensive Sanitation Unit (102) is discharged, and includes an evacuation pipe (116) which is disposed at the end of the planting area (104) opposite the end where the water from the intensive sanitation unit (102) is discharged and is disposed just below the surface of the planted area (104). 2) water sanitation facility (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the intensive sanitation unit (102) is a fixed culture biological treatment system. 3) water purification plant (100) according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that it comprises a transfer line (108, 110, 112) connecting the intensive sanitation unit (102). ) to the extensive sanitation unit (104) and consisting of a single pipe. 4) water purification plant (100) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises a transfer line (108, 110, 112) connecting the intensive sanitation unit (102). ) to the extensive sanitation unit (104) and consisting of a first pipe (10S) ₃ of a buffer tank (112), a second pipe (110) and a pump (114) disposed in the buffer tank (112), the first pipe (108) receiving the water from the intensive sanitation unit (102) and discharging it into the buffer tank (112), the pump (114) discharging the water, thus discharged in the second pipe (110) which opens at the entrance of the extensive sanitation unit (104). 5) water purification plant (100) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the evacuation pipe (116) opens out to the natural environment via a bend (128) whose free height extends vertically upward. 6) water purification plant (100) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises a ramp through which the water from the intensive sanitation unit (102) are rejected in the extensive sanitation unit (104).