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WO2010080479A2 - Tablette d'appui pour coupole de gazéifieur et thermocouple - Google Patents

Tablette d'appui pour coupole de gazéifieur et thermocouple Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2010080479A2
WO2010080479A2 PCT/US2009/068408 US2009068408W WO2010080479A2 WO 2010080479 A2 WO2010080479 A2 WO 2010080479A2 US 2009068408 W US2009068408 W US 2009068408W WO 2010080479 A2 WO2010080479 A2 WO 2010080479A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gasifier
lining
thermocouple
dome
support
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2009/068408
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2010080479A3 (fr
Inventor
Wade Albert Taber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to CN2009801544556A priority Critical patent/CN102439366A/zh
Priority to AU2009335819A priority patent/AU2009335819A1/en
Publication of WO2010080479A2 publication Critical patent/WO2010080479A2/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Publication of WO2010080479A3 publication Critical patent/WO2010080479A3/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/10—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermocouples
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/721—Multistage gasification, e.g. plural parallel or serial gasification stages
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M11/00—Safety arrangements
    • F23M11/04—Means for supervising combustion, e.g. windows
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
    • G01K1/14—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1846—Partial oxidation, i.e. injection of air or oxygen only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion chambers
    • F23M2900/05004—Special materials for walls or lining
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for controlling combustion
    • F23N2900/05005—Mounting arrangements for sensing, detecting or measuring devices

Definitions

  • a gasifier is a type of reactor used for partial oxidation of a fossil fuel, such as coal or a heavy fuel oil, to produce energy.
  • a gasifier vessei comprises a wall, which may be an outer shell lined on the inside with an insulating lining.
  • the insulating lining may comprise a plurality of layers. Conditions in the vessel may reach well over 700oC during operation, which may cause thermal expansion in the plurality of lining layers.
  • the various layers of the gasifier lining may expand at different rates. The effects of differential expansion are felt most in the dome area at the top of (he gasifier. which experiences the total vertical expansion of the entire gasifier wall located below the dome.
  • the expansion differential between the outer shell and the inner layers of the gasifier lining in the dome area may be about 3 inches in some embodiments, causing pressure between the inner layers and the outer shell, and possible damage to the gasifier lining.
  • thermocouples that penetrate the shell and the lining.
  • the tip of the thermocouple is located at or near the hot inner surface of the gasifier lining, so as to measure the temperature of the gasification process and determine if conditions in the vessel are appropriate Thermal expansion of the lining may cause stress in the area of insertion of the thermocouple.
  • the thermocouple may be caught in between two lining layers of the gasifier that are expanding at different rates, resulting in possible breakage of the thermocouple.
  • a gasifier lining comprises a first support shelf located directly under a dome area of the gasifier lining: and a second support shelf located directly under a thermocouple that penetrates the gasifier lining.
  • a method of producing a gasifier comprising support shelves comprises providing a first support shelf directly under a thermocouple insertion area in a lining of the gasifier. and providing a second support shelf in the lining of the gasifier directly under a dome area of the gasifier.
  • FIG. I is an embodiment of a gasifier comprising support shelves for the dome and thermocouple.
  • FIG. 2 is an embodiment of a method for producing a gasifier comprising support shelves for the dome and thermocouple.
  • a support shelf absorbs movement from thermal expansion of the section of the gasifier lining below the shelf, protecting the section of the lining above the shelf.
  • the thermocouple insertion area and the dome area of the gasifier lining are particularly sensitive to stress caused by thermal expansion: support shelves located below the thermocouple insertion area and the dome in the gasifier lining reduce stress in the dome and thermocouple areas. This results in increased lifespan and decreased maintenance for the dome area and thermocouple insertion area
  • the support shelves also divide the lining of the gasifier into segments, allowing the lining to be maintained and replaced in segments instead of as a whole, thus lowering maintenance time and costs for the lining.
  • FlG. 1 shows an embodiment of a gasifier 100 with a wall that comprises four layers: first refractors layer 101. second refractor) layer 102. outer refractory layer 103 and outer shell 104.
  • first refractors layer 101. second refractor layer 102.
  • outer refractory layer 103 and outer shell 104 In the dome area 107. there may be a fiber layer (not shown) between the outer refractory layer 103 and the outer shell 104.
  • the fiber layer cushions the expansion of lasers 101, 102, and 103 of the dome 107 against pressure from the outer shell 104, as the outer shell 104 expands less than layers 101. 102. and 103.
  • the outer shell 104 may comprise a metal ⁇ essel in some embodiments. Although three refractory lining layers are shown in the embodiment of a gasifier shown in FIC.
  • a gasifier may comprise any appropriate number of lining layers.
  • Support shelves 105 and 106 extend partially through the refractory lining of gasifier 100.
  • Support shelf 1OS is located directly under the tangent line and base structure of dome 107, supporting and protecting dome 107, as vertical expansion of the portion of the gasifier lining below shelf 105 is absorbed by shelf 105.
  • Gasifier 100 may comprise any appropriate number of shelves to support the dome 107: shelf 105 is shown for illustrative purposes.
  • Support shelf 106 supports the area of insertion of thermocouple 108, absorbing the movement from thermal expansion of the portion of the gasifier lining located below support shelf 106.
  • Support shelf 106 may be located directly beneath special refractors blocks that form the thermocouple assembly. WInIe one thermocouple 108 and associated shelf 106 is shown in FIG. 1, a gasifier may comprise any appropriate number of thermocouples and associated support shelves.
  • the support shelves 105 and 106 may comprise metal in some embodiments.
  • the metal shelves may be made of metal of a grade similar to the vessel shell, or from other high temperature alloys, such as alloy 800, in some embodiments.
  • the support shelves may not extend to the hot face surface, or the shelves may become too hot.
  • the shelves may be approximately 2 to 4 inches wide, embedded inside the third refractory- layer.
  • the shelves may comprise a horizontal plate, about 0.5 to about 1.0 inches thick.
  • dome 107 Use of support shelves below dome 107 may reduce the upward expansion of the dome 107 to less than about one inch, and the thickness of the fiber layer between refractory layer 103 and outer shell 104 in dome 107 may be decreased accordingly.
  • the dome temperature may be increased; the temperature limit of a typical fiber layer is 2600oF, although some fibers may be used up to 340OoF. Higher temperatures may lower the probability of dew point condensation and corrosion.
  • the elevated temperatures made possible by minimization of fiber in the dome also allows for gasification of high dew point gases or feedstocks, which require higher temperatures for gasification.
  • thermocouple 108 Reduction of movement in the area of insertion of the thermocouple 108 greatly reduces pressure on the thermocouple 108, which may damage the thermocouple 108, and also reduces the probability of breakage of the thermocouple 108 caused by uneven thermal expansion of the refractory layers 101-103 and outer shell 104. Increased reliability of the thermocouple 108 allows for better detection of problems in the gasification process, improving the overall lifespan of the gasifier.
  • FIG. 2 shows a method of producing a gasifier comprising support shelves.
  • a support shelf is provided in the gasifier wall directly under a thermocouple insertion area.
  • a support shelf is provided directly under the dome area of the gasifier.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Details Of Garments (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une garniture intérieure d'un gazéifieur qui comprend, d'une part une première tablette située directement en dessous d'une partie de la coupole de la garniture intérieure du gazéifieur, et d'autre part une seconde tablette support située directement en dessous d'un thermocouple qui pénètre dans la garniture intérieure du gazéifieur. L'invention concerne également un procédé de production d'un gazéifieur comportant des tablettes supports. Ce procédé consiste à disposer une première tablette support directement en dessous d'une zone d'insertion de thermocouple dans une garniture intérieure du gazéifieur, et à disposer une seconde tablette support dans la garniture intérieure du gazéifieur directement en dessous d'une partie de la coupole du gazéifieur.
PCT/US2009/068408 2009-01-08 2009-12-17 Tablette d'appui pour coupole de gazéifieur et thermocouple Ceased WO2010080479A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2009801544556A CN102439366A (zh) 2009-01-08 2009-12-17 用于气化器拱顶和热电偶的支承架
AU2009335819A AU2009335819A1 (en) 2009-01-08 2009-12-17 Support shelves for gasifier dome and thermocouple

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/350,578 US20100170157A1 (en) 2009-01-08 2009-01-08 Support Shelves for Gasifier Dome and Thermocouple
US12/350,578 2009-01-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010080479A2 true WO2010080479A2 (fr) 2010-07-15
WO2010080479A3 WO2010080479A3 (fr) 2012-10-04

Family

ID=41796564

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2009/068408 Ceased WO2010080479A2 (fr) 2009-01-08 2009-12-17 Tablette d'appui pour coupole de gazéifieur et thermocouple

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20100170157A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102439366A (fr)
AU (1) AU2009335819A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010080479A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102851080B (zh) * 2011-06-30 2015-08-26 通用电气公司 整体气化联合循环发电系统和气化反应器以及方法

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US2525821A (en) * 1945-06-22 1950-10-17 Phillips Petroleum Co Insulation of thermal vessels
BE505861A (fr) * 1950-10-12
US2655550A (en) * 1951-05-29 1953-10-13 Olin Ind Inc Melting furnace with thermocouple reception means
DE1433579A1 (de) * 1962-05-30 1968-11-21 Max Planck Inst Eisenforschung Verfahren und Einrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Temperaturmessung von Eisen- und Stahlschmelzen,insbesondere beim Blasstahlverfahren
US3981690A (en) * 1975-01-15 1976-09-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Agglomerating combustor-gasifier method and apparatus for coal gasification
US3958946A (en) * 1975-03-06 1976-05-25 Phillips Petroleum Company Carbon black reactor
GB1578443A (en) * 1976-12-24 1980-11-05 Shell Int Research Apparatus for producing a gaseous fuel from finely divided solid or liquid fuels
US4315758A (en) * 1979-10-15 1982-02-16 Institute Of Gas Technology Process for the production of fuel gas from coal
US4490333A (en) * 1982-10-28 1984-12-25 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. Anchor for refractory lining
US4801307A (en) * 1984-04-27 1989-01-31 Texaco Inc. Quench ring and dip-tube assembly
US5554202A (en) * 1993-09-02 1996-09-10 Texaco Inc. Gasifier monitoring apparatus
DE19533912C2 (de) * 1995-09-13 1998-09-24 Gutehoffnungshuette Man Feuerfestauskleidung für eine Synthesegasanlage
US20030174756A1 (en) * 2002-03-18 2003-09-18 Groen John Corwyn Protective cap for a thermocouple in a gasifier
WO2003081192A1 (fr) * 2002-03-18 2003-10-02 Texaco Development Corporation Coiffe de protection pour thermocouple dans un detendeur de gaz
FR2882812B1 (fr) * 2005-03-07 2007-05-25 Saint Gobain Ct Recherches Tuile refractaire, notamment pour gazeificateur.
CN101003358B (zh) * 2006-12-12 2011-05-18 华东理工大学 含烃物质浆态或粉态进料的多喷嘴气化炉及其工业应用
CN101261079B (zh) * 2007-09-11 2010-12-22 李朝侠 大面积风口区流态化焙烧炉耐火炉衬

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
None

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20100170157A1 (en) 2010-07-08
CN102439366A (zh) 2012-05-02
AU2009335819A1 (en) 2011-07-21
WO2010080479A3 (fr) 2012-10-04

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