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WO2010069711A1 - Procédé de fabrication de métaux liquides - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de métaux liquides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010069711A1
WO2010069711A1 PCT/EP2009/065608 EP2009065608W WO2010069711A1 WO 2010069711 A1 WO2010069711 A1 WO 2010069711A1 EP 2009065608 W EP2009065608 W EP 2009065608W WO 2010069711 A1 WO2010069711 A1 WO 2010069711A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
fixed bed
solids
melting unit
separated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2009/065608
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hado Heckmann
Kurt Wieder
Johann Wurm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH
Original Assignee
Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH and Co
Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH Austria
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH and Co, Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH Austria filed Critical Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH and Co
Priority to CN2009801513492A priority Critical patent/CN102333893A/zh
Publication of WO2010069711A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010069711A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
    • C21B13/143—Injection of partially reduced ore into a molten bath
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
    • C21B13/0013—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state introduction of iron oxide into a bath of molten iron containing a carbon reductant
    • C21B13/002—Reduction of iron ores by passing through a heated column of carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/40—Gas purification of exhaust gases to be recirculated or used in other metallurgical processes
    • C21B2100/44—Removing particles, e.g. by scrubbing, dedusting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/64—Controlling the physical properties of the gas, e.g. pressure or temperature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing liquid metals, in particular pig iron or liquid steel precursors, wherein carbon carriers are introduced into a smelting unit, in particular in a melter gasifier, in which using at least partially pre-reduced metal carriers and the carbon carriers in the smelting unit Fixed bed formed and a generator gas is generated, which is used in at least one reduction unit for the at least partial reduction of metal carriers.
  • Fine particle carbon carriers have particle size distributions, e.g. 20 to 80% of the particles are smaller than 75 ⁇ m and 95 to 100% are smaller than 2mm. This can e.g. be carried out by means of blowing, which open above the fixed bed in the so-called gas collection chamber of the smelting unit.
  • a gasification agent can be injected in parallel to the carbonaceous dust.
  • the fine particulate carbon is gasified in the gas collection chamber and the heat released thereby is absorbed by the generator gas.
  • the disadvantage is that the heat released during the combustion of the carbon in the gas collection chamber of the melting unit is largely taken up by the generator gas and discharged therefrom out of the melting unit. Thus, the contribution to the energy balance of the smelting unit is low.
  • WO 2006/01 1774 discloses a process in which finely particulate carbon carriers containing volatile constituents are injected into the fixed bed of a melter gasifier. The process is limited to carbonaceous, not degassed feedstocks and offers no solution for the recirculation and gasification of carbon-containing dusts arising during dedusting of the generator gas.
  • Chunky carbon carriers usually have considerable finely divided particles. These are also caused by thermal or mechanical stresses from the lumpy carbon carriers themselves, but especially in the smelting unit. Furthermore, finely particulate carbon carriers can also be discharged from the fixed bed into the overlying gas collection chamber. In addition, it is often necessary to be able to process finely particulate carbon carriers which are produced in metallurgical processes.
  • the fine-particulate carbon carriers are at least partially, but mostly completely degassed, above the fixed bed, with volatiles being expelled from the carbon carriers.
  • the separated during the deposition fine-particulate carbon carrier and optionally the other solid particles are introduced into the fixed bed of the melter, where they are gasified.
  • finely particulate carbon carriers already degassed beforehand are advantageous that it comes through the direct contact with the hot carbon carriers deposited or the solid particles to an at least partial degassing of the further fine carbon carrier before entry into the fixed bed.
  • the chemical energy contained in the fine-particle-shaped carbon carriers, as well as the sensible heat, can be transferred almost completely to the fixed bed. Due to the usability of all carbon carriers, including fine particulate carbon carrier, a significant additional energy content of the energy sources used for the process can be used, so that e.g. Coal can be saved and overall a more efficient process is achieved.
  • the top gas withdrawn from the reduction unit is dedusted and the dust and / or further oxidic, in particular partially reduced, iron dust introduced thereby are introduced into the fixed bed of the melting unit.
  • iron dusts are, for example, foundries dusts, dusts from partially reduced iron carriers, from briquetting or compaction plants, from ore drying plants, cooling gas dust, or also ore concentrates or dried sludges from wet dedusting.
  • such recyclables can be processed in the smelting unit.
  • a suitable embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the entry of the separated solids and / or the further finely particulate carbon carrier and / or the dusts separated from the top gas and / or the other oxidic, in particular partially reduced, iron dust in the fixed bed by means of a carrier gas, in particular cooled generator gas, reducing gas, cooled top gas, natural gas, Kokereigas, blast furnace gas, nitrogen or mixtures thereof, takes place.
  • a carrier gas in particular cooled generator gas, reducing gas, cooled top gas, natural gas, Kokereigas, blast furnace gas, nitrogen or mixtures thereof.
  • At least a portion of the generator gas is used after its treatment in the device for the separation of solids from the generator gas to transport the separated solids and returned to the smelting unit. Due to the permanent withdrawal of a portion of the generator gas via the means for deposition, in particular in the case of using a hot gas cyclone, the Abd- tion effect, ie the proportion of solids, which is separated from the solids-laden generator gas, improved. In addition, the sighting thus achieved prevents any coarse particles deposited in the dust collecting container of the hot gas cyclone from causing technical problems in the return of the fixed bed of the melting unit. Such particles are discharged.
  • the extracted from the dust collection chamber of the cyclone portion of the generator gas is in turn introduced into the smelting unit in the region of Gassammeiraumes.
  • the prevailing pressure gradient is overcome, for example, using an injector.
  • the part of the generator gas used for transport is separated from the transported separated solids immediately before it is returned to the smelting unit.
  • a separation of the generator gas ensures that fine particle-shaped particles can not be entrained by the generator gas in the gas collection chamber of the smelting unit.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the separated solids and / or the further finely particulate carbon carrier and / or the dusts separated from the top gas and / or the other oxidic, in particular partially reduced, iron dust after pressure adjustment by means of a lock in the fixed bed in Melting unit are introduced.
  • an overpressure must be set so that the particles can be introduced into the fixed bed. Due to the high pressure gradient between the means for separating solids from the generator gas and optionally from the top gas and the point for introducing the dust into the fixed bed of a melting unit, locks are particularly suitable for this purpose. By switching the lock alternately, a simple charging of the melting unit is possible.
  • the finely particulate carbon carriers are introduced into the gas collection chamber of the melting unit.
  • Such finely particulate carbon carriers are, for example, unavoidable accompanying finely particulate carbon particles, for example adhesive grain, in the lumpy coals.
  • the existing coal line, which serves to feed the smelting unit with coal can be adapted in such a way that finely particulate carbon carriers can also be introduced.
  • the use of non-baking carbon carriers ensures that contact with hot dust or hot walls of the devices described does not result in the formation of agglomerates and caking that could impair the operation of said devices.
  • Non-baking carbon carriers are, for example, degassed carbon carriers, Coals with a high natural rank of coal (high rank) and coals, which have lost their baking capacity, eg due to an oxidation treatment. By virtue of this measure, such carbon carriers can be processed directly, with no need for elaborate processing.
  • the device for the production of liquid metals has at least one entry device, which is provided for the entry of carbon carriers in the melting unit in a Gassammeiraum over the fixed bed.
  • a device for separating solids in particular a hot gas cyclone, finely particulate carbon carriers and, if appropriate, further solids discharged with the generator gas are separated off from the generator gas discharged from the melting unit.
  • the device for separating the solids via a lock for pressure adjustment with a blowing device, for the entry of finely particulate carbon carrier by means of a carrier gas in the fixed bed of the melting unit, connected.
  • dry dedusting devices in particular hot gas cyclones
  • a reduction shaft or a fluidized bed reactor can be used, with series-connected fluidized bed reactors forming a series are possible. Likewise, two such rows can be connected in parallel.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention provides that the means for separating solids to improve the deposition effect has a derivative for the separated solids, which is designed such that a portion of the generator gas can be recycled into the gas collection chamber of the melting unit. Due to the continuous gas flow, which is formed by the part of the generator gas in the device for deposition, in particular in the dust collection chamber of a cyclone, the effect of the separator can be significantly improved. In particular, the deposition effect is less sensitive to disturbances that come eg from shut-off devices or from locks, which can lead to pressure fluctuations.
  • the discharge for the separated solids discharges into a deflection separator for the separation of dust and / or solids from the part of the generator gas which is returned to the gas collection room of the melting unit.
  • a deflection separator for the separation of dust and / or solids from the part of the generator gas which is returned to the gas collection room of the melting unit.
  • the part of the generator gas which is again introduced into the melting unit, can be separated from the separated solids so that they do not inadvertently get back into the gas collection space of the melting unit.
  • very fine-grained solids such as e.g. Dusts are separated from the generator gas.
  • a propellant gas injector is provided for introducing the part of the generator gas which is returned to the gas collection chamber of the smelting unit.
  • non-baking fine-particle carbon carriers can be introduced into the fixed bed in the melting unit via the device for separating solids from the generator gas discharged from the smelting unit.
  • the device has for this purpose openings that allow easy loading.
  • the lock is formed in two or more stages and has at least two shut-off devices, which can be operated alternately.
  • a device for separating solids from the top gas which is withdrawn from the reduction unit, is provided, wherein the solid deposited thereby fed via lines of the injection device for entry of finely particulate carbon carrier in the fixed bed of the melter or directly into the Gas collection chamber of the melting unit can be introduced.
  • the filter effect of the fixed bed can be used.
  • the devices for the separation of solids from the generator gas and from the top gas each have discharges for the removal of the separated fine particulate carbon carriers or solids, which are connected via locks with the injection device for entry of the finely particulate carbon carrier in the fixed bed.
  • the respective separated solids can be brought together via a first stage of the lock in a second stage of the lock and introduced together into the smelting unit, whereby through the lock also pressure levels, such as e.g. a higher operating pressure can be compensated for smelting unit.
  • the entry device for introducing carbon carriers into the gas collection chamber comprises a feed container and a lock and is suitable for introducing finely particulate and / or coarse-grained carbon carriers, in particular chunky coal, onto the surface of the fixed bed.
  • the entry device is arranged centrally in the dome of the melting unit above the gas collection chamber.
  • the carbon carriers can be centrally placed in the melter, so that a uniform feed is possible.
  • a possible embodiment of the device according to the invention provides that the injection device for introducing the finely particulate carbon carrier in the fixed bed at the same level or, in particular directly above a means for introducing gasification agents, preferably oxygen or oxygen-containing gases, is arranged in the fixed bed. Due to this special arrangement, almost direct gasification of the carbon carriers upon entry into the fixed bed is possible, so that deposits of the finely particulate carbon carriers in the fixed bed can be avoided.
  • gasification agents preferably oxygen or oxygen-containing gases
  • the device for separating solids has a discharge device for discharging coarse-grained particles.
  • This is a discharge of particles, which are too coarse-grained for the injection device for entry feinteilchenförmiger carbon support in the fixed bed, possible.
  • Such particles are either discharged from the process or fed back to the smelting unit in a separate way.
  • Such a device may preferably be installed above the sluice between the means for depositing solids or the deflection separator and the injection device for introducing finely particulate carbon carriers into the fixed bed.
  • the lock between the means for separation of solids or the Umlenkabscheider and the injection device for entry feinteilchenförmiger carbon support in the fixed bed can be used as means for discharging or returning coarse particles, if appropriate alternately to be operated discharges or switches are present.
  • the invention will be described hereinafter by way of example by way of non-limiting example.
  • Fig. 1 Appendix with special entry device for fine particulate carbon carrier
  • Fig. 2 system with means for separating solids for generator gas and top gas
  • Fig. 3 System with means for separating solids from the generator gas and additional deflection.
  • FIG. 1 shows a melting unit 1, which is designed as a melter gasifier and a fixed bed 2 and an overlying gas collection chamber 3 has. Chunky carbon SK and finely particulate carbon carriers are introduced into the smelting unit 1 via a centrally arranged entry device 4.
  • a further entry device 4 for finely particulate carbon carriers can be provided, via which finely particulate carbon carriers can be introduced into the smelting unit 1.
  • the finely particulate carbon carriers in the smelting unit are at least partially, in particular almost completely, degassed.
  • the entry device 4 consists next to the feed container 5 from a lock 6, which comprises two storage devices 6 a and 6 b and locking devices, not shown, and is coupled to the melting unit 1.
  • the entry device may also include a blowing device downstream of the lock 6.
  • the entry device 4 can be carried out in further known embodiments and suitable both for fine-particle carbon carriers FK and for lumped coals SK.
  • the generator gas Via a generator gas line, the generator gas, which is laden solids and entrains finely particulate carbon carrier from the melting unit, enters the device for the separation of solids 7, in particular as a hot gas cyclone can be trained.
  • the solids separated off in the device 7, in particular the fine-particle carbon carriers are fed via a lock 8, which comprises two storage devices 8a and 8b and blocking devices, not shown, to a blowing device 9, which is arranged on the melting aggregate 1 in such a way that the solids introduced directly into the enter the fixed bed 2.
  • a lock 8 which comprises two storage devices 8a and 8b and blocking devices, not shown
  • a blowing device 9 which is arranged on the melting aggregate 1 in such a way that the solids introduced directly into the enter the fixed bed 2.
  • the blowing device 9 is designed in such a way that even degassed fine-particulate carbon supports EK and / or oxidic, in particular partially reduced, iron dust can be introduced into the blowing device 9 and likewise charged into the melting aggregate 1.
  • the blowing device 9 is operated by means of a propellant gas.
  • a further device for the separation of solids 10 may be provided, in particular wet scrubbers are used to achieve a particularly high purity in the purified gas generator or to cool this too.
  • the washed and cooled generator gas can in turn be mixed with the generator gas, while its temperature is adjusted and introduced as a reducing gas in a reduction unit 12.
  • oxidic metal supports OM such as e.g. Ores, iron ores and aggregates Z introduced.
  • the reducing gas used in the reduction unit and thereby converted is withdrawn as top gas TG.
  • FIG. 2 shows a possible variant which has an additional device for separating solids 13 from a top gas TG withdrawn from a reduction unit 12.
  • the in the reduction unit at least partially reduced oxidic Metal supports OM are introduced into the smelting unit via lines 12a and 12b.
  • the discharges 14 and 15 from the devices 7 and 13 each have a storage device 16 and 17, which form the first stage of a lock and cooperates with a storage device 18, which represents the second stage of the lock.
  • the solids separated in the devices 7 and 13 can be introduced via the blowing device 9 into the melting unit 1 or into the fixed bed 2.
  • the carbon carriers are introduced via the entry device 4, regardless of their grain size.
  • Fine particle shaped carbon carriers FK are introduced via the same feeding device 4 as the lumpy carbon SK, this being possible to be done together or separately from one another.
  • the purified top gas can also be supplied to the reduction unit 12 again.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further variant, wherein the device for separation 7 has a discharge line 19, which opens into a deflection separator 20.
  • the discharge assumes the function of a dust collection container.
  • the thereby separated solids, finely particulate solids and dusts can be introduced via a lock 21, consisting of the storage devices 22 and 23 and shut-off devices 24 and 25 by means of a blowing device 9 in the smelting unit 1.
  • part of the generator gas can be conducted via the outlet 19 of the device 7.
  • the resulting gas vent causes the solids to be separated to an even greater extent from the generator gas.
  • the part of the generator gas, which is passed through the discharge line 19, first enters the Umlenkabscheider 20 and can then, for example by means of amaschinegasinjektors 26 in the gas collection chamber 3 of the Melting units are initiated. Instead of Umlenkabscheiders can also find a cyclone use. It is also possible via the propellant gas injector 26 to introduce finely particulate carbon carriers FK into the smelting unit.
  • Non-baking fine-particle carbon carriers NFK are characterized by the fact that they are not prone to caking, ie solidifying and caking, even when introduced into the hot separated solids.
  • cooling gas can be introduced into the generator gas, wherein the gas temperature can be adjusted.
  • lumpy coal SK can be introduced into the gas collection chamber 3 of the melting unit 1.
  • oxygen or oxygen-containing gases or mixtures of such gases can be introduced into the fixed bed 2 via means for introducing gasification means 29.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Industrial Gases (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé et un dispositif de production de métaux liquides, en particulier du fer brut, ou des produits semi-finis en acier liquide. On introduit des supports de carbone sous forme de particules fines dans un équipement de fusion (1), dans lequel, par utilisation de porteurs de métaux ayant subi une réduction préalable et de charbon, on réalise un lit fixe (2), et on produit un gaz générateur qui, dans un équipement de réduction (12), est utilisé pour une réduction au moins partielle des porteurs de métaux. Les supports de carbone en forme de particules fines sont, par l'intermédiaire du lit fixe, introduits dans ce que l'on appelle un espace (3) collecteur de gaz dans l'équipement de fusion (1), et sont au moins partiellement dégazés, puis, après séparation du gaz générateur, sont de nouveau introduits dans l'équipement de fusion (1) dans la zone du lit fixe (2).
PCT/EP2009/065608 2008-12-19 2009-11-23 Procédé de fabrication de métaux liquides Ceased WO2010069711A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2009801513492A CN102333893A (zh) 2008-12-19 2009-11-23 制备液态金属的方法

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA1983/2008 2008-12-19
AT0198308A AT506949B1 (de) 2008-12-19 2008-12-19 Verfahren zur herstellung von flüssigen metallen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010069711A1 true WO2010069711A1 (fr) 2010-06-24

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2009/065608 Ceased WO2010069711A1 (fr) 2008-12-19 2009-11-23 Procédé de fabrication de métaux liquides

Country Status (4)

Country Link
KR (1) KR101610655B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102333893A (fr)
AT (1) AT506949B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010069711A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102888476A (zh) * 2012-10-15 2013-01-23 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 利用高炉煤气作喷煤输送载体的高炉喷煤方法
CA2883863A1 (fr) * 2015-03-04 2016-09-04 Nova Chemicals Corporation Conduit ameliore destine a la fabrication du fer
EP3239306A1 (fr) * 2016-04-27 2017-11-01 Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH Procédé et appareil de fabrication de produits de fonte brute liquide
CN112143847A (zh) * 2019-06-26 2020-12-29 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 全氧熔炼还原炼铁工艺中调节拱顶温度和煤气产量的方法和装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0368835A1 (fr) * 1988-10-25 1990-05-16 Deutsche Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Procédé pour la production de la fonte liquide et installation pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
EP0576414A1 (fr) * 1992-05-21 1993-12-29 Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Procédé pour la production de la fonte liquide ou des ébauches en acier ainsi que dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
WO1997016244A1 (fr) * 1995-11-02 1997-05-09 Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Procede de renvoi d'un solide a fines particules extrait d'une cuve de reacteur par un gaz de transport

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0368835A1 (fr) * 1988-10-25 1990-05-16 Deutsche Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Procédé pour la production de la fonte liquide et installation pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
EP0576414A1 (fr) * 1992-05-21 1993-12-29 Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Procédé pour la production de la fonte liquide ou des ébauches en acier ainsi que dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
WO1997016244A1 (fr) * 1995-11-02 1997-05-09 Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Procede de renvoi d'un solide a fines particules extrait d'une cuve de reacteur par un gaz de transport

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102333893A (zh) 2012-01-25
KR101610655B1 (ko) 2016-04-08
KR20110096141A (ko) 2011-08-29
AT506949A4 (de) 2010-01-15
AT506949B1 (de) 2010-01-15

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