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WO2010047672A1 - Tube endotrachéal et de trachéostomie autonettoyant et stérilisant - Google Patents

Tube endotrachéal et de trachéostomie autonettoyant et stérilisant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010047672A1
WO2010047672A1 PCT/US2008/011947 US2008011947W WO2010047672A1 WO 2010047672 A1 WO2010047672 A1 WO 2010047672A1 US 2008011947 W US2008011947 W US 2008011947W WO 2010047672 A1 WO2010047672 A1 WO 2010047672A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sterilizing
cleaning
self
endotracheal tube
lumen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2008/011947
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Chamkurkishtiah P. Rao
Diana C. Lister
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to PCT/US2008/011947 priority Critical patent/WO2010047672A1/fr
Publication of WO2010047672A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010047672A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0463—Tracheal tubes combined with suction tubes, catheters or the like; Outside connections
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B2017/00831—Material properties
    • A61B2017/0096—Material properties self cleaning, e.g. having lotus effect
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
    • A61L2/08—Radiation
    • A61L2/088—Radiation using a photocatalyst or photosensitiser
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
    • A61L2/08—Radiation
    • A61L2/10—Ultraviolet radiation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2202/00—Aspects relating to methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects
    • A61L2202/20—Targets to be treated
    • A61L2202/24—Medical instruments, e.g. endoscopes, catheters, sharps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/02—General characteristics of the apparatus characterised by a particular materials
    • A61M2205/0222—Materials for reducing friction
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/05—General characteristics of the apparatus combined with other kinds of therapy
    • A61M2205/051—General characteristics of the apparatus combined with other kinds of therapy with radiation therapy
    • A61M2205/053—General characteristics of the apparatus combined with other kinds of therapy with radiation therapy ultraviolet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to endotracheal or tracheostomy tubes and suction catheters used with such tubes, and particularly to a self-cleaning and sterilizing endotracheal or tracheostomy tube, and an associated suction catheter for use with the endotracheal or tracheostomy tube.
  • mucociliary action regulates the flow of mucus across the layers of epithelial cells within air passages.
  • an endotracheal tube When a person experiences breathing difficulty or occlusion, an endotracheal tube is often inserted within the person's air passage. The endotracheal tube, however, interferes with the cilia of the epithelial cells, thus disrupting the mucociliary action. This often causes the accumulation of mucus about or within the endotracheal tube. This accumulation of mucus not only occludes the endotracheal tube passage, but can result in the accumulation and adhesion of bacteria and other microbes to the endotracheal tube, with resulting pulmonary infections.
  • Suction catheters are typically provided, either separately or in combination with the endotracheal tube, for removal of the accumulated mucus.
  • the function of the suction catheter is to remove the mucus, excess mucus may adhere to the surface of the suction catheter, which results in impaired functioning thereof and may result in unwanted mucus remaining on the endotracheal tube. This may result in contamination of both the suction catheter and the endotracheal tube and in the inefficient operation of one or both.
  • a suction catheter is effective in removing watery mucous, the suction catheter is ineffective at removing mucous that has collected and dried on the wall of the endotracheal tubing, or on the catheter itself.
  • the self-cleaning and sterilizing endotracheal tube provides a combination endotracheal tube and suction catheter, which decreases the tendency of mucus and bacteria to adhere to the inner surfaces of the endotracheal tube and the suction catheter.
  • the endotracheal tube defines a lumen for maintaining a patient's airway.
  • the endotracheal tube is made from a flexible nano-composite polymer, such as polyvinyl chloride or silicone rubber, the lower portion of the tube being adapted for passage into the patient's trachea.
  • the suction catheter is a flexible tube made from the same material as the endotracheal tube, and can be passed through the lumen of the endotracheal tube while still leaving room for the passage of air through the endotracheal tube in an annular passage around the catheter.
  • a fitting may be attached to the upper end of the catheter equipped with various ports so that the catheter may alternatively be connected to a vacuum source to provide suction, an irrigation port for lavage, for passage of an endoscope, etc.
  • the inner surfaces of the suction catheter and the endotracheal tube may be made self- cleaning and sterilizing several different ways.
  • the inner surfaces may be provided with a "lotus effect" either by laser etching the tubing and catheter, or a mold used to form the tubing and catheter, with a femtosecond laser, or by coating the tubing with a hydrophobic material that produces the same effect.
  • the lotus effect refers to the structure of the lotus leaf, which is covered with tiny pillars. Water drops are carried up the pillars, form a spherical shape, and fall down the pillars, carrying away any accumulated dirt.
  • the same surface effect can be achieved with laser etching, or by applying certain hydrophobic coatings, such as poly (ethylene oxide).
  • the inner surfaces of the endotracheal tube and the catheter may be coated with a photocatalytic material with antimicrobial properties when exposed to ultraviolet light.
  • a photocatalytic material with antimicrobial properties when exposed to ultraviolet light.
  • Such materials may include titanium oxide, silicon oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, cadmium sulfate, metal oxides or combinations thereof.
  • a light source such as a light emitting diode (LED), which may be a UV LED, is attached to an upper portion of the endotracheal tube. Light emitted by the light source is carried by a fiberoptic bundle. The fibers pass through the endotracheal tube and illuminate the photocatalytic material in one of two ways.
  • LED light emitting diode
  • an uncoated portion of the fibers extends axially within the lumen of the endotracheal tube, emitting light radially.
  • the lumen is lined with a UV reflective barrier and the photocatalytic material is transparent.
  • the fibers are coated, but terminate at different lengths, providing point sources that are directed radially inward into the lumen of the endotracheal tube.
  • the photocatalytic material need not be transparent in this embodiment.
  • the lumen of the suction catheter is also coated with a photocatalytic material. The suction catheter is positioned outside the endotracheal tube when not in use, and may be exposed to UV or solar visible light externally and/or intraluminally.
  • Self-cleaning results from decreased adherence of biomatter to the walls of the endotracheal tube and suction catheter upon exposure to UV light, by the photocatalytic production of substances toxic to bacteria and other microbes, and/or by exposure to UV radiation at wavelengths known to exhibit antimicrobial activity (185 nm, 254 nm, and 265 nm). It should be understood that this is a preferred range of wavelength, and that any wavelength range may be utilized, including wavelengths from ultraviolet spectra, visible light spectra or any other suitable spectra, dependent upon the particular needs and desires of the user.
  • the endotracheal tube and suction catheter may also be made self-cleaning and sterilizing by a combination of the hydrophobic surface and the fiberoptic-photocatalytic coatings, if desired.
  • the scope of the present invention also extends to a tracheostomy tube, which has the same appearance and structure as the endotracheal tube, but is shorter in length, being designed for insertion into a tracheostomy stoma below the larynx.
  • Fig. 1 is an environmental perspective view of a self-cleaning and sterilizing endotracheal tube according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is an environmental perspective view of the self-cleaning and sterilizing endotracheal tube according to the present invention with a suction catheter inserted therein.
  • Fig. 3 is a partial perspective view of the self-cleaning and sterilizing endotracheal tube according to the present invention, broken away and partially in section to show details of the invention.
  • Fig. 4 is an environmental perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the self- cleaning and sterilizing endotracheal tube according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 5A is a partial perspective view of the endotracheal tube of Fig. 4, broken away and partially in section to show details thereof.
  • Fig. 5B shows a partial, microscopic view of a hydrophobic surface formed on the inner surfaces of the endotracheal tube and suction catheter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed towards a self-cleaning and sterilizing endotracheal tube, which may include a combination endotracheal tube and suction catheter 10 that decreases the tendency of mucus and bacteria to adhere to the inner surfaces of the endotracheal tube and the suction catheter.
  • the combination 10 includes an endotracheal tube 32 and a suction catheter 18.
  • a fitting may be attached to the suction catheter with ports for connection of a vacuum tube 14 (which may have a fluted gripping surface 46) for the application of suction, an irrigation tube 12 for lavage, and an endotracheal tube adapter for insertion of an endoscope or other device through the catheter.
  • the endotracheal tube 32 has a lower portion adapted for insertion into a patient's trachea and defines a lumen for maintaining patentcy of the patient's airways.
  • the diameter of the endotracheal tube lumen is large enough to permit passage of the suction catheter 14 therethrough and maintain the passage of air through an annular passage between the catheter 14 and the endotracheal tube 32.
  • suction catheter 14 and lower portion 32 are formed from flexible nano-composite polymers, which will be comfortable for the patient, and which will not degrade or corrode in the presence of bodily fluids. Such materials may include polyvinyl chloride or silicone rubber. Further, as best shown in Fig.
  • the lower end of the endotracheal tube 32 is beveled, allowing for easy and comfortable insertion within the patient's trachea, the lower end 30 of the suction catheter 18 extending through the lower end of endotracheal tube 32.
  • the endotracheal tube may be shaped, sized or formed from materials adapted for use in maintaining the patient's airways, and that the scope of the present invention also extends to a tracheostomy tube, which has the same structure as the endotracheal tube 32, but is shorter in length, being adapted for insertion through a tracheosotmy stoma below the larynx.
  • the endotracheal tube 32 may be made self-cleaning and sterilizing by providing the inner surface 44 of the tube 32 defining the lumen with a hydrophobic surface.
  • the suction catheter 18 may be made self-cleaning and sterilizing by providing the inner surface 34 defining the lumen of the suction catheter 18 with a hydrophobic surface in order to reduce the tendency of mucus and bacteria to adhere thereto.
  • Such a hydrophobic surface may be formed to exhibit the "lotus effect.”
  • the lotus effect refers to the structure of the lotus leaf, which is covered with tiny pillars. Water drops are carried up the pillars, form a spherical shape, and fall down the pillars, carrying away any accumulated dirt.
  • Such a surface is shown in the microscopic view of Fig. 5B, with alternating rows of peaks 60 and valleys 62 defining the pillars.
  • the hydrophobic surface may be formed by laser etching the interior surfaces 44 and 34 of the tube 32 and the catheter 18, respectively, with a femtosecond laser forming perpendicular lines, or by shaping a mold for extrusion or injection molding of the tube 32 and catheter 18 with femtosecond laser pulses.
  • the hydrophobic surface may be formed by coating the inner surfaces 44 and 34 with a hydrophobic material, such as poly (ethylene oxide), which forms chains of polymer defining the pillars in the lumens of the endotracheal tube 32 and suction catheter 18.
  • the inner surfaces may be coated with a photocatalytic material with antimicrobial properties when exposed to ultraviolet light, or other selective ranges of electromagnetic radiation.
  • a photocatalytic material with antimicrobial properties when exposed to ultraviolet light, or other selective ranges of electromagnetic radiation.
  • antibacterial coating materials may include, for example, titanium oxide, silicon oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, cadmium sulfate, other metal oxides or combinations thereof. It is well known that doping the above materials with nitrogen or sulfur allows for photocatalysis thereof in the presence of solar or visible light. It should be understood that the photocatalytic surface may be combined with the hydrophobic surface of Fig. 5B.
  • an illumination source 22 is mounted to the exterior of the endotracheal tube 32 by a bracket attached to the tube 32 by an arm extending from an upper portion of the tube 32.
  • the illumination source 22 may comprise an LED.
  • the illumination source 22 may comprise a source of ultraviolet light, such as one or more ultraviolet light emitting diodes.
  • the illumination source may further comprise a light source capable of emitting ultraviolet light at wavelengths known to exhibit antimicrobial activity, such as 185 nm, 254 nm and 265 nm, or at wavelengths known to induce optimal photocatalytic activity in the particular coating used, such as 254 nm for titanium dioxide.
  • a power cord 20 is provided for connection with a suitable source of electrical current.
  • a fiberoptic bundle is further provided, with each optical fiber having an upper end and a lower end.
  • the upper ends 26 thereof are in direct optical communication with the illumination source 22, and are shown in Fig. 2 as being bundled together within fiberoptic cable harnesses 24.
  • the fibers pass through the endotracheal tube 32 and provide illumination to the photocatalytic coating in one of two ways.
  • the lower ends 36 of the optical fibers are uncoated, and extend axially along the inner wall 44 of the endotracheal tube 32.
  • the light projects along a substantially radial direction through the walls of the optical fibers.
  • the photocatalytic coating is transparent, and a UV reflector 38 is disposed between the fibers 36 and the exterior of the tube 32.
  • optical fibers may have different lengths with the lower ends 42 of the optical fibers 40 being directed radially to form point sources of light directed into the lumen of the tube 32.
  • the fibers are coated throughout their length, and may be attached to or embedded within the wall of the tube 32.
  • the tube 32 is rendered self-cleaning and sterilizing by illuminating the photocatalyst, either through decreasing adherence of biomatter to the walls of the tube 32 by UV radiation, by production of substances toxic to bacteria through photocatalytic activity, and/or by irradiation with UV light at wavelengths known to exhibit antimicrobial activity.
  • the suction catheter 18 When not in use, the suction catheter 18 is preferably removed from the endotracheal tube 38.
  • the suction catheter 14 may be sterilized through irradiation with ultraviolet light externally and/or intraluminally, or by solar or visible light when the photocatalyst has been doped with nitrogen or sulfur. Further, although shown as being applied to an endotracheal tube, it should be understood that the above arrangement may further be used with a tracheostomy tube or the like.
  • the tube 32 may be rendered self-cleaning and sterilizing through a combination of a hydrophobic surface exhibiting the lotus effect and through a fiberoptic endotracheal tube illuminating a photocatalyst, if desired.
  • the endotracheal tube shown in the Figures is for exemplary purposes only, and that the present invention may be applied to any suitable endotracheal tube or tracheostomy tube, dependent upon the needs and desires of the user. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but encompasses any and all embodiments within the scope of the following claims.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un tube endotrachéal et de trachéostomie, autonettoyant et stérilisant, qui peut comprendre une combinaison d'un tube endotrachéal ou d'un tube de trachéostomie et un cathéter aspirant qui diminue la tendance du mucus et des bactéries à adhérer à leur surface intérieure. Le tube endotrachéal et le cathéter peuvent présenter une surface hydrophobe qui exerce un effet de lotus et qui peut être formé par gravure au laser à femtoseconde ou par un revêtement de garniture (oxyde d'éthylène). En variante, le tube endotrachéal et le cathéter peuvent présenter une lumière revêtue d'un photocatalyseur. Le tube endotrachéal peut également présenter une source de lumière sur laquelle est monté un faisceau de fibres optiques, les fibres optiques pénétrant dans la lumière pour éclairer le photocatalyseur.
PCT/US2008/011947 2008-10-20 2008-10-20 Tube endotrachéal et de trachéostomie autonettoyant et stérilisant Ceased WO2010047672A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2008/011947 WO2010047672A1 (fr) 2008-10-20 2008-10-20 Tube endotrachéal et de trachéostomie autonettoyant et stérilisant

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2008/011947 WO2010047672A1 (fr) 2008-10-20 2008-10-20 Tube endotrachéal et de trachéostomie autonettoyant et stérilisant

Publications (1)

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WO2010047672A1 true WO2010047672A1 (fr) 2010-04-29

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PCT/US2008/011947 Ceased WO2010047672A1 (fr) 2008-10-20 2008-10-20 Tube endotrachéal et de trachéostomie autonettoyant et stérilisant

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Country Link
WO (1) WO2010047672A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10180248B2 (en) 2015-09-02 2019-01-15 ProPhotonix Limited LED lamp with sensing capabilities
EP3291879A4 (fr) * 2015-04-30 2019-01-16 Light Line Medical, Inc. Procédés et appareil pour administrer un rayonnement électromagnétique thérapeutique non-ultraviolet pour un tube trachéal
EP3411117A4 (fr) * 2016-02-05 2019-10-16 Light Line Medical, Inc. Procédé et appareil pour système thérapeutique à lumière visible de cathéter amovible
US11326140B2 (en) 2019-10-22 2022-05-10 Biospherix Ltd. Aseptic cell processing and production with no chemical biocides

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5687714A (en) * 1995-10-10 1997-11-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health And Human Services Self-cleaning endotracheal tube apparatus
US6443147B1 (en) * 1997-12-19 2002-09-03 Jean-Paul Matter Respiratory circuit with in vivo sterilization
US7258120B2 (en) * 2002-05-29 2007-08-21 University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. Endotracheal tube apparatus and method for using the same to reduce the risk of infections
US20080078406A1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-03 Jessica Clayton Endotracheal tube and technique for using the same

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5687714A (en) * 1995-10-10 1997-11-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health And Human Services Self-cleaning endotracheal tube apparatus
US6443147B1 (en) * 1997-12-19 2002-09-03 Jean-Paul Matter Respiratory circuit with in vivo sterilization
US7258120B2 (en) * 2002-05-29 2007-08-21 University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. Endotracheal tube apparatus and method for using the same to reduce the risk of infections
US20080078406A1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-03 Jessica Clayton Endotracheal tube and technique for using the same

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3291879A4 (fr) * 2015-04-30 2019-01-16 Light Line Medical, Inc. Procédés et appareil pour administrer un rayonnement électromagnétique thérapeutique non-ultraviolet pour un tube trachéal
US10870015B2 (en) 2015-04-30 2020-12-22 Light Line Medical, Inc. Methods and apparatus to deliver therapeutic non-ultraviolet electromagnetic radiation for an endotracheal tube
EP3760281A1 (fr) * 2015-04-30 2021-01-06 Light Line Medical, Inc. Appareil pour administrer un rayonnement électromagnétique thérapeutique non-ultraviolet pour un tube trachéal
US10180248B2 (en) 2015-09-02 2019-01-15 ProPhotonix Limited LED lamp with sensing capabilities
EP3411117A4 (fr) * 2016-02-05 2019-10-16 Light Line Medical, Inc. Procédé et appareil pour système thérapeutique à lumière visible de cathéter amovible
US11326140B2 (en) 2019-10-22 2022-05-10 Biospherix Ltd. Aseptic cell processing and production with no chemical biocides

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