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WO2009135980A1 - Thermal solar energy installation - Google Patents

Thermal solar energy installation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009135980A1
WO2009135980A1 PCT/ES2009/070151 ES2009070151W WO2009135980A1 WO 2009135980 A1 WO2009135980 A1 WO 2009135980A1 ES 2009070151 W ES2009070151 W ES 2009070151W WO 2009135980 A1 WO2009135980 A1 WO 2009135980A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tank
installation
thermal energy
transfer fluid
solar thermal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/ES2009/070151
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Manuel JANEIRO GARCÍA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Orkli SCL
Original Assignee
Orkli SCL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Orkli SCL filed Critical Orkli SCL
Publication of WO2009135980A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009135980A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/002—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system
    • F24D11/003—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system combined with solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/0095—Devices for preventing damage by freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/08—Arrangements for drainage, venting or aerating
    • F24D19/082—Arrangements for drainage, venting or aerating for water heating systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/08—Arrangements for drainage, venting or aerating
    • F24D19/082—Arrangements for drainage, venting or aerating for water heating systems
    • F24D19/083—Venting arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • F24D19/1015—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating using a valve or valves
    • F24D19/1036—Having differential pressure measurement facilities
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/12—Arrangements for connecting heaters to circulation pipes
    • F24H9/13—Arrangements for connecting heaters to circulation pipes for water heaters
    • F24H9/133—Storage heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/06—Solid fuel fired boiler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/14—Solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/08—Storage tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2240/00—Characterizing positions, e.g. of sensors, inlets, outlets
    • F24D2240/12—Placed outside of
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/16—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for preventing leakage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a solar thermal energy installation, comprising regulation means that prevent overheating, overpressures possible freezing in the solar energy installation as a result of a lack of consumption, an excess of solar radiation, or adverse temperatures.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a solar thermal energy installation, as defined in the claims.
  • the installation of solar thermal energy of the invention comprises a first circuit through which a heat transfer fluid circulates comprising at least one solar panel that captures the solar radiation and transmits to the heat transfer fluid, a reservoir communicated with the solar plate through an inlet conduit, means for driving the heat transfer fluid from the tank to the solar panels, a second circuit through which water circulates, and an exchanger in which the heat transfer fluid of the first circuit transfers heat to the water of the second circuit.
  • the first circuit comprises means for evacuating the air contained in the tank, the tank also comprising a plate arranged inside the tank that prevents the heat transfer fluid leaving said tank through the inlet duct, containing air.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a first embodiment of a solar thermal energy installation according to the invention, in an operative state.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of the solar thermal energy installation of Fig. 1, in a state of rest.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of a second embodiment of the solar thermal energy installation, in operational state.
  • the solar thermal energy installation 30 comprises a first circuit 20 through which a heat transfer fluid circulates and comprising a set of solar panels 9 that capture the solar radiation by transmitting it to the heat transfer fluid, a reservoir 1 communicated with the set of solar panels 9 said tank 1 being able to accommodate substantially all the heat transfer fluid of the first circuit 20, drive means 3 that pump the heat transfer fluid from the tank 1 to the solar panels 9 through an inlet conduit 10, a second circuit 21 through which water circulates, and an exchanger 11 where the heat transfer fluid of the first circuit 20 transfers heat to the water of the second circuit 21.
  • the heat transfer fluid receives the solar radiation, it returns to the tank 1 by means of a conduit return 12.
  • the tank 1 comprises inside a plate 2 that divides the tank 1 into a first part 2a and a second part 2b, the inlet conduit 10 communicating with the first part 2a, and the outlet conduit 12 with the second part 2b.
  • the first and second parts 2a, 2b are substantially equal, and both the tank 1 and the plate 2 are preferably made of stainless steel.
  • the driving means 3 comprise a pressure pump capable of reaching a gauge height greater than that of the first circuit 20, and providing adequate flow.
  • the first circuit 20 comprises control means 22 that control the flow of heat transfer fluid passing through the solar panels 9, and which are arranged upstream of the drive means 3.
  • the control means 22 include a valve of spring 4 that regulates the pressure and flow of the heat transfer fluid, returning the excess flow to the tank 1, a thermohydrometer device 5 that measures the temperature and pressure of the heat transfer fluid, and a flow meter 6 with which the heat flow fluid flow rate is measured. passes through the solar panel assembly 9.
  • the tank 1 comprises regulating elements 8 comprising a differential thermostat and probes that measure the temperature, through which the shutdown of the pump 3 is determined, and the consequent emptying of the heat transfer fluid to the tank 1, once the desired temperature has been reached.
  • evacuation means 24 that connect the return duct 12 with the tank 1, through which the air comprised in the upper part 1 b of the tank 1 is directed towards the solar panels 9 and towards the rest of the first circuit 1 when the pump 3 is stopped, the heat transfer fluid being thus emptied to the tank 1.
  • the heat transfer fluid is driven by means of the pump 3 from the tank 1 to the solar panel assembly 9 through the inlet duct 10.
  • the upper part 1 b of the tank 1 has air.
  • the return conduit 12 has a first part 12a that connects the corresponding solar plate 9 with the exchanger 11, where the heat absorbed in the set of solar panels 9 exchanges the water that circulates through the second circuit 21, the second circuit 21 being a heating circuit, sanitary hot water, pool feeding, etc, and a second part 12b communicating the exchanger 11 with the second part 2b of the tank 1.
  • the plate 2 that divides the reservoir 1 comprises a hole 16 which is crossed by the return conduit 12.
  • the reservoir 1 comprises a filling conduit 7 through which the first circuit 20 is filled with the heat transfer fluid.
  • the air evacuation means 24 includes an expulsion duct 13 that connects the filling duct 7 with the outlet duct 12, so that when the pump 3 stops, the heat transfer fluid present in the solar panels 9 as well as in the
  • the remainder of the first circuit 20 returns to the tank 1 due to the effect of gravity, being helped by the ejection duct 13, since through it, the air from the upper part 1 b of the reservoir 1 is propelled towards the outlet duct 12 , and through this towards the solar panels 9, facilitating the emptying of the heat transfer fluid.
  • FIG 2 the installation of thermal solar energy 30 in idle state is shown, in which the tank 1 substantially houses all the heat transfer fluid included in the first circuit 20.
  • FIG 3 a second embodiment of the solar thermal energy installation 30 of the invention is shown, in which the inlet conduit 10 has a first part 10a that communicates the first part 2a of the tank 1 with the exchanger 1 1, and a second part 10b that communicates the exchanger 1 1 with the solar panels 9.
  • the drive means 23, as well as the control means 22 are arranged connected in the second part 10b of the inlet duct 10.
  • the return conduit 12 directly communicates the solar panel 9 with the reservoir 1, specifically with the second part 2b of the reservoir 1, the reservoir 1 partially crossing the reservoir 1 partially until it reaches the second part 2b.
  • the evacuation means 24 comprise at least one evacuation hole 23 in the return conduit 12 which communicates the upper part 1 b of the interior of the tank 11, so that, by means of said evacuation hole 23 and the plate 2 it prevents the heat transfer fluid from leaving the inlet duct
  • the heat transfer fluid is driven by the pump 3 from the tank 1 to the solar panels 9 through the exchanger 1 1 where the heat yields to the water of the second circuit 21. Once the heat transfer fluid reaches the solar panels 9, it absorbs the solar radiation, heating and returning to the tank 1 through the outlet duct 12.
  • the heat transfer fluid present in the solar panels 9 as well as in the rest of the first circuit 20 returns to the tank 1 due to the effect of gravity, being helped by the ejection hole 23 , since through it, the air from the upper part 1 b of the tank 1 is propelled towards the outlet duct 12, and through it towards the solar plate 9, facilitating the emptying of the heat transfer fluid.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Thermal solar energy installation comprising: a first circuit (20) through which a heat-transfer fluid circulates and which includes at least one solar panel (9) which captures solar radiation and transmits same to the heat-transfer fluid, a reservoir (1) in communication with the solar panel (9) via an entry conduit (10) and a return conduit (12), means (3) for driving the heat-transfer fluid from the reservoir (1) to the solar panels (9), a second circuit (21) through which water circulates, and a heat exchanger (11) in which the heat-transfer fluid of the first circuit (20) transfers heat to the water of the second circuit (21). The first circuit (20) includes means (24) for evacuating the air contained in the reservoir (1), said reservoir (1) containing a dividing panel (2) which ensures that the heat-transfer fluid leaving the reservoir does not contain air.

Description

"Instalación de energía solar térmica" "Installation of thermal solar energy"

DESCRIPCIÓNDESCRIPTION

SECTOR DE LA TÉCNICA La presente invención se refiere a una instalación de energía solar térmica, que comprende medios de regulación que evitan sobrecalentamientos, sobrepresiones posibles congelaciones en Ia instalación de energía solar como consecuencia de una falta de consumo, de un exceso de radiación solar, o de temperaturas adversas.TECHNICAL SECTOR The present invention relates to a solar thermal energy installation, comprising regulation means that prevent overheating, overpressures possible freezing in the solar energy installation as a result of a lack of consumption, an excess of solar radiation, or adverse temperatures.

ESTADO ANTERIOR DE LA TÉCNICAPREVIOUS STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE

Es conocida Ia necesidad de enfriar, al menos en determinados momentos, los componentes que integran una Instalación de energía solar térmica con vistas a eliminar Ia posibilidad de sobrecalentamientos, sobrepreslones o congelaciones que pudieran tener como consecuencia averías y fallos en el conjunto de Ia instalación, como ocurre cuando el consumo de agua caliente de dicha instalación es reducido, cuando Ia instalación de energía solar térmica está sometida a una intensa radiación solar o. por el contrario, cuando dicha instalación está sometida a temperaturas muy bajas con riesgo de congelación de los conductos que atraviesan los paneles solares. La necesidad mencionada anteriormente no ha tenido hasta el momento, una respuesta específica que pueda ser implementada físicamente de una manera eficiente, habiéndose recurrido a soluciones tradicionales no exentas de problemas e inconvenientes, como es, por ejemplo, Ia utilización de aerotermos que provocan Ia puesta en marcha de un ventilador cuando Ia temperatura supera un cierto valor de umbral, con el consiguiente consumo de electricidad y Ia necesidad de mantenimiento, o Ia instalación de válvulas de seguridad térmica que determinan Ia expulsión de agua caliente al exterior cuando se alcanza una temperatura límite con el consiguiente consumo de agua que normalmente se desecha sin aprovechamiento alguno. En otros casos, las instalaciones tradicionales necesitan disponer de vasos de dilatación de grandes dimensiones para absorber las sobrepresiones en caso de sobrecalentamiento, Io que complica las características de Ia instalación, su voluminosidad, y consecuentemente, el coste económico de Ia instalación.It is known the need to cool, at least at certain times, the components that make up a solar thermal energy installation with a view to eliminating the possibility of overheating, overpressure or freezing that could result in breakdowns and failures in the whole of the installation, as occurs when the hot water consumption of said installation is reduced, when the solar thermal energy installation is subjected to intense solar radiation or. on the contrary, when said installation is subject to very low temperatures with risk of freezing of the ducts that cross the solar panels. The need mentioned above has so far not had a specific response that can be physically implemented in an efficient way, having resorted to traditional solutions not free from problems and inconveniences, such as, for example, the use of aerotherms that cause the setting in operation of a fan when the temperature exceeds a certain threshold value, with the consequent consumption of electricity and the need for maintenance, or the installation of thermal safety valves that determine the expulsion of hot water to the outside when a limit temperature is reached with the consequent consumption of water that is normally discarded without any use. In other cases, traditional installations need to have large expansion vessels to absorb overpressures in case of overheating, which complicates the characteristics of the installation, its bulkiness, and consequently, the economic cost of the installation.

HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) EXPOSICIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNSUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) EXHIBITION OF THE INVENTION

El objeto de Ia invención es proporcionar una instalación de energía solar térmica, según se define en las reivindicaciones.The object of the invention is to provide a solar thermal energy installation, as defined in the claims.

La instalación de energía solar térmica de Ia invención comprende un primer circuito a través del cual circula un fluido caloportador que comprende al menos una placa solar que capta Ia radiación solar y Ia transmite al fluido caloportador, un depósito comunicado con Ia placa solar a través de un conducto de entrada, unos medios de impulsión del fluido caloportador desde el depósito hacia Ia placa solares, un segundo circuito a través del cual circula agua, y un intercambiador en donde el fluido caloportador del primer circuito cede el calor al agua del segundo circuito. El primer circuito comprende unos medios de evacuación del aire contenido en el depósito, comprendiendo además el depósito una placa dispuesta en el interior del depósito que impide que el fluido caloportador saliente de dicho depósito a través del conducto de entrada, contenga aire. De este modo, se obtiene una instalación compacta y sencilla, que permite por un lado, el vaciado de Ia instalación del fluido caloportador cuando los medios de impulsión son detenidos, alojándose el fluido caloportador en el depósito, evitándose de este modo los problemas de sobrecalentamiento, congelación y bajo consumo, enumerados anteriormente, y por otro lado, se impide Ia presencia de aire en el fluido caloportador que se impulsa desde el depósito hacia Ia placa solar.The installation of solar thermal energy of the invention comprises a first circuit through which a heat transfer fluid circulates comprising at least one solar panel that captures the solar radiation and transmits to the heat transfer fluid, a reservoir communicated with the solar plate through an inlet conduit, means for driving the heat transfer fluid from the tank to the solar panels, a second circuit through which water circulates, and an exchanger in which the heat transfer fluid of the first circuit transfers heat to the water of the second circuit. The first circuit comprises means for evacuating the air contained in the tank, the tank also comprising a plate arranged inside the tank that prevents the heat transfer fluid leaving said tank through the inlet duct, containing air. In this way, a compact and simple installation is obtained, which allows, on the one hand, the emptying of the heat transfer fluid installation when the delivery means are stopped, the heat transfer fluid being housed in the tank, thus avoiding overheating problems. , freezing and low consumption, listed above, and on the other hand, the presence of air in the heat transfer fluid that is driven from the tank to the solar panel is prevented.

Estas y otras características y/o ventajas de Ia invención se harán evidentes a partir de las figuras y de Ia descripción detallada de Ia invención.These and other features and / or advantages of the invention will become apparent from the figures and from the detailed description of the invention.

DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOSDESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

La Fig. 1 muestra una vista esquemática de una primera realización de una instalación de energía solar térmica según Ia invención, en estado operativo.Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a first embodiment of a solar thermal energy installation according to the invention, in an operative state.

La Fig. 2 muestra una vista esquemática de Ia instalación de energía solar térmica de Ia Fig. 1 , en estado de reposo.Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of the solar thermal energy installation of Fig. 1, in a state of rest.

La Fig. 3 muestra una vista esquemática de una segunda realización de Ia instalación de energía solar térmica, en estado operativo. DESCRIPCIÓN DETALLADA DE LA INVENCIÓNFig. 3 shows a schematic view of a second embodiment of the solar thermal energy installation, in operational state. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

La instalación de energía solar térmica 30 comprende un primer circuito 20 a través del cual circula un fluido caloportador y que comprende un conjunto de placas solares 9 que captan Ia radiación solar transmitiéndola al fluido caloportador, un depósito 1 comunicado con el conjunto de placas solares 9, siendo dicho depósito 1 capaz de alojar sustancialmente todo el fluido caloportador del primer circuito 20, unos medios de impulsión 3 que bombean el fluido caloportador desde el depósito 1 hacia las placas solares 9 a través de un conducto de entrada 10, un segundo circuito 21 a través del cual circula agua, y un intercambiador 11 en donde el fluido caloportador del primer circuito 20 cede el calor al agua del segundo circuito 21. Una vez que el fluido caloportador recibe Ia radiación solar, retoma al depósito 1 por medio de un conducto de retorno 12.The solar thermal energy installation 30 comprises a first circuit 20 through which a heat transfer fluid circulates and comprising a set of solar panels 9 that capture the solar radiation by transmitting it to the heat transfer fluid, a reservoir 1 communicated with the set of solar panels 9 said tank 1 being able to accommodate substantially all the heat transfer fluid of the first circuit 20, drive means 3 that pump the heat transfer fluid from the tank 1 to the solar panels 9 through an inlet conduit 10, a second circuit 21 through which water circulates, and an exchanger 11 where the heat transfer fluid of the first circuit 20 transfers heat to the water of the second circuit 21. Once the heat transfer fluid receives the solar radiation, it returns to the tank 1 by means of a conduit return 12.

Por otra parte, el depósito 1 comprende en su interior una placa 2 que divide el depósito 1 en una primera parte 2a y en una segunda parte 2b, disponiéndose el conducto de entrada 10 comunicado con Ia primera parte 2a, y el conducto de salida 12 con Ia segunda parte 2b. En una realización preferente, Ia primera y segunda partes 2a, 2b son sustancialmente iguales, y tanto el depósito 1 como Ia placa 2 están hechos preferentemente de acero inoxidable.On the other hand, the tank 1 comprises inside a plate 2 that divides the tank 1 into a first part 2a and a second part 2b, the inlet conduit 10 communicating with the first part 2a, and the outlet conduit 12 with the second part 2b. In a preferred embodiment, the first and second parts 2a, 2b are substantially equal, and both the tank 1 and the plate 2 are preferably made of stainless steel.

Los medios de impulsión 3 comprenden una bomba de presión capaz de alcanzar una altura manométrica mayor que Ia del primer circuito 20, y proporcionar un caudal adecuado.The driving means 3 comprise a pressure pump capable of reaching a gauge height greater than that of the first circuit 20, and providing adequate flow.

Por otro lado, el primer circuito 20 comprende unos medios de control 22 que controlan el caudal de fluido caloportador que pasa por las placas solares 9, y que se disponen aguas arriba de los medios de impulsión 3. Los medios de control 22 incluyen una válvula de muelle 4 que regula Ia presión y caudal del fluido caloportador, devolviendo el caudal sobrante al depósito 1 , un dispositivo termohidrómetro 5 que mide Ia temperatura y presión del fluido caloportador, y un caudalímetro 6 con el que se mide el caudal de fluido caloportador que pasa por el conjunto de placas solares 9. Por otro lado, el depósito 1 comprende unos elementos de regulación 8 que comprenden un termostato diferencial y unas sondas que miden Ia temperatura, a través de los cuales se determina Ia parada de Ia bomba 3, y el consiguiente vaciado del fluido caloportador al depósito 1 , una vez alcanzada Ia temperatura deseada. Además, comprende unos medios de evacuación 24 que conectan el conducto de retorno 12 con el depósito 1 , a través de los cuales el aire comprendido en Ia parte superior 1 b del depósito 1 es dirigido hacia las placas solares 9 y hacia el resto del primer circuito 1 cuando se para Ia bomba 3, siendo de esta forma vaciado el fluido caloportador al depósito 1.On the other hand, the first circuit 20 comprises control means 22 that control the flow of heat transfer fluid passing through the solar panels 9, and which are arranged upstream of the drive means 3. The control means 22 include a valve of spring 4 that regulates the pressure and flow of the heat transfer fluid, returning the excess flow to the tank 1, a thermohydrometer device 5 that measures the temperature and pressure of the heat transfer fluid, and a flow meter 6 with which the heat flow fluid flow rate is measured. passes through the solar panel assembly 9. On the other hand, the tank 1 comprises regulating elements 8 comprising a differential thermostat and probes that measure the temperature, through which the shutdown of the pump 3 is determined, and the consequent emptying of the heat transfer fluid to the tank 1, once the desired temperature has been reached. In addition, it comprises evacuation means 24 that connect the return duct 12 with the tank 1, through which the air comprised in the upper part 1 b of the tank 1 is directed towards the solar panels 9 and towards the rest of the first circuit 1 when the pump 3 is stopped, the heat transfer fluid being thus emptied to the tank 1.

En Ia primera realización mostrada en Ia figura 1 , el fluido caloportador es impulsado por medio de Ia bomba 3 desde el depósito 1 hasta el conjunto de placas solares 9 a través del conducto de entrada 10. Cuando Ia instalación de energía solar térmica está en funcionamiento, Ia parte superior 1 b del depósito 1 tiene aire.In the first embodiment shown in Figure 1, the heat transfer fluid is driven by means of the pump 3 from the tank 1 to the solar panel assembly 9 through the inlet duct 10. When the solar thermal energy installation is in operation , The upper part 1 b of the tank 1 has air.

Una vez que el fluido caloportador absorbe Ia radiación solar, es conducido, a través del conducto de retorno 12 hasta Ia segunda parte 2b del depósito 2. El conducto de retorno 12 tiene una primera parte 12a que conecta Ia placa solar 9 correspondiente con el intercambiador 11 , en donde intercambia el calor absorbido en el conjunto de placas solares 9 al agua que circula por el segundo circuito 21 , siendo el segundo circuito 21 un circuito de calefacción, de agua caliente sanitaria, alimentación de piscinas, etc, y una segunda parte 12b que comunica el intercambiador 11 con Ia segunda parte 2b del depósito 1.Once the heat transfer fluid absorbs the solar radiation, it is conducted through the return conduit 12 to the second part 2b of the reservoir 2. The return conduit 12 has a first part 12a that connects the corresponding solar plate 9 with the exchanger 11, where the heat absorbed in the set of solar panels 9 exchanges the water that circulates through the second circuit 21, the second circuit 21 being a heating circuit, sanitary hot water, pool feeding, etc, and a second part 12b communicating the exchanger 11 with the second part 2b of the tank 1.

La placa 2 que divide el depósito 1 comprende un orificio 16 que es atravesado por el conducto de retorno 12. Por otra parte, el depósito 1 comprende un conducto de llenado 7 a través del cual se llena el primer circuito 20 con el fluido caloportador.The plate 2 that divides the reservoir 1 comprises a hole 16 which is crossed by the return conduit 12. On the other hand, the reservoir 1 comprises a filling conduit 7 through which the first circuit 20 is filled with the heat transfer fluid.

Los medios de evacuación 24 del aire incluyen un conducto de expulsión 13 que conecta el conducto de llenado 7 con el conducto de salida 12, de modo que cuando se para Ia bomba 3, el fluido caloportador presente en las placas solares 9 así como en el resto del primer circuito 20 vuelve al depósito 1 por efecto de Ia gravedad, siendo ayudado por el conducto de expulsión 13, dado que a través del mismo, el aire de Ia parte superior 1 b del depósito 1 es impulsado hacia el conducto de salida 12, y a través de este hacia las placas solares 9, facilitando el vaciado del fluido caloportador. En Ia figura 2, se muestra Ia instalación de energía solar térmica 30 en estado de reposo, en Ia cual el depósito 1 aloja sustancialmente todo el fluido caloportador comprendido en el primer circuito 20. En estas condiciones, aunque Ia placa solar 9 siga recibiendo Ia radiación solar, no se produce el indeseado sobrecalentamiento del líquido, las consiguientes sobrepresiones, o congelaciones que con frecuencia son Ia causa de averías y fallos en los sistemas tradicionales, dado que no circula fluido caloportador por dicha placa solar 9.The air evacuation means 24 includes an expulsion duct 13 that connects the filling duct 7 with the outlet duct 12, so that when the pump 3 stops, the heat transfer fluid present in the solar panels 9 as well as in the The remainder of the first circuit 20 returns to the tank 1 due to the effect of gravity, being helped by the ejection duct 13, since through it, the air from the upper part 1 b of the reservoir 1 is propelled towards the outlet duct 12 , and through this towards the solar panels 9, facilitating the emptying of the heat transfer fluid. In Figure 2, the installation of thermal solar energy 30 in idle state is shown, in which the tank 1 substantially houses all the heat transfer fluid included in the first circuit 20. Under these conditions, although the solar panel 9 continues to receive the solar radiation, there is no unwanted overheating of the liquid, the consequent overpressures, or freezes that are often the cause of breakdowns and failures in traditional systems, since it does not circulate heat transfer fluid through said solar panel 9.

En Ia figura 3, se muestra una segunda realización de Ia instalación de energía solar térmica 30 de Ia invención, en Ia cual el conducto de entrada 10 tiene una primera parte 10a que comunica Ia primera parte 2a del depósito 1 con el intercambiador 1 1 , y una segunda parte 10b que comunica el intercambiador 1 1 con las placas solares 9. Los medios de impulsión 23, así como los medios de control 22 se disponen conectados en Ia segunda parte 10b del conducto de entrada 10.In Figure 3, a second embodiment of the solar thermal energy installation 30 of the invention is shown, in which the inlet conduit 10 has a first part 10a that communicates the first part 2a of the tank 1 with the exchanger 1 1, and a second part 10b that communicates the exchanger 1 1 with the solar panels 9. The drive means 23, as well as the control means 22 are arranged connected in the second part 10b of the inlet duct 10.

Por otro lado, el conducto de retorno 12 comunica directamente Ia placa solar 9 con el depósito 1 , concretamente con Ia segunda parte 2b del depósito 1 , atravesando el conducto de retorno 12 parcialmente el depósito 1 hasta llegar a Ia segunda parte 2b. Además, los medios de evacuación 24 comprenden al menos un orificio de evacuación 23 en el conducto de retomo 12 que comunica Ia parte superior 1 b del interior del depósito 11 , de modo que, por medio de dicho orificio de evacuación 23 y Ia placa 2 se evita que el fluido caloportador saliente al conducto de entradaOn the other hand, the return conduit 12 directly communicates the solar panel 9 with the reservoir 1, specifically with the second part 2b of the reservoir 1, the reservoir 1 partially crossing the reservoir 1 partially until it reaches the second part 2b. In addition, the evacuation means 24 comprise at least one evacuation hole 23 in the return conduit 12 which communicates the upper part 1 b of the interior of the tank 11, so that, by means of said evacuation hole 23 and the plate 2 it prevents the heat transfer fluid from leaving the inlet duct

10 contenga aire.10 contain air.

De este modo, cuando Ia instalación de energía solar térmica 1 está en funcionamiento, tal y como se muestra en Ia figura 3, el fluido caloportador es impulsado por Ia bomba 3 desde el depósito 1 hacia las placas solares 9 pasando por el intercambiador 1 1 en donde cede el calor al agua del segundo circuito 21 . Una vez que el fluido caloportador llega a las placas solares 9, absorbe Ia radiación solar, calentándose y retornando al depósito 1 a través del conducto de salida 12.Thus, when the solar thermal energy installation 1 is in operation, as shown in Figure 3, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the pump 3 from the tank 1 to the solar panels 9 through the exchanger 1 1 where the heat yields to the water of the second circuit 21. Once the heat transfer fluid reaches the solar panels 9, it absorbs the solar radiation, heating and returning to the tank 1 through the outlet duct 12.

Cuando se supera una determinada temperatura, y Ia bomba 3 se para, el fluido caloportador presente en las placas solares 9 así como en el resto del primer circuito 20 vuelve al depósito 1 por efecto de Ia gravedad, siendo ayudado por el orificio de expulsión 23, dado que a través del mismo, el aire de Ia parte superior 1 b del depósito 1 es impulsado hacia el conducto de salida 12, y a través de este hacia Ia placa solar 9, facilitando el vaciado del fluido caloportador.When a certain temperature is exceeded, and the pump 3 stops, the heat transfer fluid present in the solar panels 9 as well as in the rest of the first circuit 20 returns to the tank 1 due to the effect of gravity, being helped by the ejection hole 23 , since through it, the air from the upper part 1 b of the tank 1 is propelled towards the outlet duct 12, and through it towards the solar plate 9, facilitating the emptying of the heat transfer fluid.

La forma de realización preferida del equipo de Ia invención que se acaba de describir, puede ser objeto de modificaciones y cambios formales, dimensionales y estructurales, así como también construido en materiales diversos, sin abandonar por ello Ia esencialidad de Ia invención, definida por las reivindicaciones anexas. The preferred embodiment of the equipment of the invention just described, can be subject to modifications and formal, dimensional and structural changes, as well as constructed in various materials, without thereby abandoning the essentiality of the invention, defined by the annexed claims.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES 1. Instalación de energía solar térmica que comprende un primer circuito (20) a través del cual circula un fluido caloportador que comprende al menos una placa solar (9) que capta Ia radiación solar y Ia transmite al fluido caloportador, un depósito (1 ) comunicado con Ia placa solar (9) a través de un conducto de entrada (10) y un conducto de retorno (12), unos medios de impulsión (3) del fluido caloportador desde el depósito (1) hacia las placas solares (9) a través del conducto de entrada (10), un segundo circuito (21 ) a través del cual circula agua, y un intercambiador (11 ) en donde el fluido caloportador del primer circuito (20) cede el calor al agua del segundo circuito (21), caracterizado porque el primer circuito (20) comprende unos medios de evacuación (24) del aire contenido en el depósito (1 ), y el depósito (1 ) comprende una placa (2) dispuesta en el interior del depósito (1) que divide el depósito (1) e impide que el fluido caloportador saliente del depósito (1 ) incluya aire.1. Installation of solar thermal energy comprising a first circuit (20) through which a heat transfer fluid circulates comprising at least one solar panel (9) that captures the solar radiation and transmits to the heat transfer fluid, a reservoir (1) communicated with the solar panel (9) through an inlet duct (10) and a return duct (12), driving means (3) of the heat transfer fluid from the tank (1) to the solar panels (9) through the inlet conduit (10), a second circuit (21) through which water circulates, and an exchanger (11) where the heat transfer fluid of the first circuit (20) gives heat to the water of the second circuit (21 ), characterized in that the first circuit (20) comprises means for evacuating (24) the air contained in the tank (1), and the tank (1) comprises a plate (2) disposed inside the tank (1) which divides the tank (1) and prevents the heat transfer fluid from the dep site (1) includes air. 2. Instalación de energía solar térmica según Ia reivindicación anterior en donde Ia placa (2) divide al deposito (1) en una primera parte (2a) y en una segunda parte (2b), disponiéndose el conducto de entrada (10) comunicado con Ia primera parte (2a), y el conducto de retorno (12) comunicado con Ia segunda parte (2b).2. Installation of solar thermal energy according to the preceding claim wherein the plate (2) divides the tank (1) into a first part (2a) and a second part (2b), the inlet conduit (10) being arranged communicated with The first part (2a), and the return duct (12) communicated with the second part (2b). 3. Instalación de energía solar térmica según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, en donde Ia placa (2) comprende un orificio (16) a través del cual el conducto de retorno (12) atraviesa Ia placa (2).3. Installation of solar thermal energy according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the plate (2) comprises a hole (16) through which the return conduit (12) crosses the plate (2). 4. Instalación de energía solar térmica según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, en donde Ia placa (2) divide el depósito (1 ) sustancialmente en dos partes iguales.4. Installation of solar thermal energy according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the plate (2) divides the tank (1) substantially into two equal parts. 5. Instalación de energía solar térmica según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones5. Installation of solar thermal energy according to any of the claims 6. anteriores, en donde los medios de evacuación (24) de aire comunican Ia parte superior (1 b) del depósito (1) con el conducto de retorno (12), permitiendo pasar el aire desde el interior del depósito (1 ) hacia Ia placa solar (9). 6. above, where the air evacuation means (24) communicate the upper part (1 b) of the tank (1) with the return duct (12), allowing air to pass from inside the tank (1) to The solar panel (9). 7. Instalación de energía solar térmica según Ia reivindicación anterior, en donde los medios de evacuación (24) comprenden un conducto de evacuación (13) que conecta el depósito (1) con el conducto de retorno (12). 7. Installation of solar thermal energy according to the preceding claim, wherein the evacuation means (24) comprise an evacuation duct (13) that connects the tank (1) with the return duct (12). 8. Instalación de energía solar térmica según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 5, en donde los medios de evacuación (24) comprenden al menos un orificio (23) en el conducto de retorno (12).8. Installation of solar thermal energy according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the evacuation means (24) comprise at least one hole (23) in the return duct (12). 9. Instalación de energía solar térmica según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, que comprende unos medios de control (22) que incluyen una válvula de muelle (4) que regula Ia presión y caudal del fluido caloportador, un dispositivo termohidrómetro (5) que mide Ia temperatura y presión del fluido caloportador, y un caudalímetro (6).9. Installation of solar thermal energy according to any of the preceding claims, comprising control means (22) that include a spring valve (4) that regulates the pressure and flow of the heat transfer fluid, a thermohydrometer device (5) which measures The temperature and pressure of the heat transfer fluid, and a flow meter (6). 10. Instalación de energía solar térmica según Ia reivindicación anterior, en donde los medios de control (22) se disponen conectados al conducto de entrada (10).10. Installation of solar thermal energy according to the preceding claim, wherein the control means (22) are arranged connected to the inlet duct (10). 1 1. Instalación de energía solar térmica según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, en donde los medios de impulsión (3) comprenden una bomba de presión, capaz de alcanzar una altura manométrica superior a Ia instalación de energía solar térmica (30). 1 1. Installation of solar thermal energy according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the drive means (3) comprise a pressure pump, capable of reaching a manometric height greater than the installation of solar thermal energy (30). 12. Instalación de energía solar térmica según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, en donde el depósito (1 ) comprende unos medios de regulación (8) que incluyen un termostato y unas sondas que determinan Ia parada de los medios de impulsión (3).12. Installation of solar thermal energy according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the tank (1) comprises regulating means (8) that include a thermostat and probes that determine the stop of the drive means (3). 13. Instalación de energía solar térmica según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, en donde el depósito (1) comprende un conducto de llenado (7) del fluido caloportador.13. Installation of solar thermal energy according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the tank (1) comprises a filling conduit (7) of the heat transfer fluid. 14. Instalación de energía solar térmica según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, en donde el depósito (1 ) y Ia placa (2) están hechos preferentemente de acero inoxidable. 14. Installation of solar thermal energy according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the tank (1) and the plate (2) are preferably made of stainless steel.
PCT/ES2009/070151 2008-05-09 2009-05-08 Thermal solar energy installation Ceased WO2009135980A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESU200800747 2008-05-09
ES200800747U ES1068383Y (en) 2008-05-09 2008-05-09 REGULATION AND SAFETY EQUIPMENT FOR THERMAL SOLAR ENERGY FACILITIES

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WO2009135980A1 true WO2009135980A1 (en) 2009-11-12

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2444749A3 (en) * 2010-10-13 2015-05-06 PAW GmbH & Co. KG Device for ventilating a pressure-less liquid circuit

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US4048981A (en) * 1975-01-16 1977-09-20 Hobbs Ii James C Solar heater
US4269167A (en) * 1979-12-07 1981-05-26 Embree John M Closed pressurized solar heating system with automatic valveless solar collector drain-back
US4284062A (en) * 1978-10-30 1981-08-18 Swindle Elro M Solar collector system
GB2090963A (en) * 1980-12-17 1982-07-21 Sunsense Ltd Solar powered heating apparatus
JPS57127752A (en) * 1981-01-30 1982-08-09 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Hot water tank for solar heat water supply device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4048981A (en) * 1975-01-16 1977-09-20 Hobbs Ii James C Solar heater
US4027821A (en) * 1975-07-18 1977-06-07 International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation Solar heating/cooling system
US4284062A (en) * 1978-10-30 1981-08-18 Swindle Elro M Solar collector system
US4269167A (en) * 1979-12-07 1981-05-26 Embree John M Closed pressurized solar heating system with automatic valveless solar collector drain-back
GB2090963A (en) * 1980-12-17 1982-07-21 Sunsense Ltd Solar powered heating apparatus
JPS57127752A (en) * 1981-01-30 1982-08-09 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Hot water tank for solar heat water supply device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2444749A3 (en) * 2010-10-13 2015-05-06 PAW GmbH & Co. KG Device for ventilating a pressure-less liquid circuit

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ES1068383U (en) 2008-10-16

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