WO2009113643A1 - 太陽電池モジュールおよびその製造方法 - Google Patents
太陽電池モジュールおよびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009113643A1 WO2009113643A1 PCT/JP2009/054815 JP2009054815W WO2009113643A1 WO 2009113643 A1 WO2009113643 A1 WO 2009113643A1 JP 2009054815 W JP2009054815 W JP 2009054815W WO 2009113643 A1 WO2009113643 A1 WO 2009113643A1
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- solar cell
- resin layer
- cell module
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F71/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices covered by this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
- B32B37/1018—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure using only vacuum
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/80—Encapsulations or containers for integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, having photovoltaic cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/80—Encapsulations or containers for integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, having photovoltaic cells
- H10F19/85—Protective back sheets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/70—Surface textures, e.g. pyramid structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/70—Surface textures, e.g. pyramid structures
- H10F77/703—Surface textures, e.g. pyramid structures of the semiconductor bodies, e.g. textured active layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/12—Photovoltaic modules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/0007—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding involving treatment or provisions in order to avoid deformation or air inclusion, e.g. to improve surface quality
- B32B37/003—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding involving treatment or provisions in order to avoid deformation or air inclusion, e.g. to improve surface quality to avoid air inclusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/06—Embossing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solar cell module and a manufacturing method thereof.
- the solar cell module is required to be enlarged in order to obtain larger photoelectric conversion energy.
- the solar cell module which has the main surface of a curved surface in the aspect which was mentioned above especially, when integrating each member, it is not familiar with the curved surface of a translucent board
- the excess part was wrinkled or floated from the crosslinkable resin.
- wrinkles and residual air inside the wrinkles were more likely to occur at the end of the back sheet. If wrinkles of such a back sheet are generated, oxygen and moisture easily enter from there, and there is a problem that the crosslinkable resin is deteriorated by yellowing or moisture absorption.
- the solar cell module and the manufacturing method thereof of the present invention are mainly aimed at reducing wrinkles of the back sheet as described above.
- a solar cell module includes a base, a plurality of solar cell elements arranged on the base with a gap between each other, and the solar cell element disposed on the solar cell element.
- the protective sheet has a plurality of convex portions corresponding to the concave portions of the resin layer and in contact with the concave portions. The height of the convex portion located at the portion corresponding to the gap between the solar cell elements is greater than the height of the convex portion located at the portion corresponding to the solar cell element.
- the method for manufacturing a solar cell module includes a step of preparing a module laminate formed by sequentially laminating a solar cell element, a resin layer, and a protective sheet on a base, and the resin of the protective sheet A step of forming a plurality of convex portions on the surface opposite to the layer, and a step of heating the resin layer to cure the resin layer.
- FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the solar cell module 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1B is a plan view showing the configuration of the solar cell string 11 in the solar cell module 100.
- FIG. 1C is a plan view showing a configuration of a string connecting body 12 in which a plurality of solar cell strings 11 in the solar cell module 100 are connected.
- the solar cell module 100 includes a translucent substrate 4, a resin layer 5 formed on the translucent substrate 4 so as to seal the string connector 12, and a back sheet formed on the resin layer 5. 9 is mainly provided.
- the solar cell string 11 includes a plurality of solar cell elements 6 and connection conductors 8 that electrically connect the positive and negative electrodes of the adjacent solar cell elements 6.
- the plurality of solar cell elements 6 are connected in series by connecting conductors 8.
- the string connector 12 includes a plurality of solar cell strings 11 and a plurality of connection electrodes 7 that connect the ends of the adjacent solar cell strings 11. Each solar cell string 11 is connected in series with the adjacent solar cell string 11 by the connection electrode 7.
- the solar battery elements 6 are electrically connected in series according to the connection mode of the string coupling body 12.
- the translucent substrate 4 has a role as a base. Therefore, the material of the translucent substrate 4 is not particularly limited as long as it is a member that can transmit incident light to the solar cell element 6. It is preferable to use a member having a high light transmittance made of resin or the like.
- the thickness of the translucent substrate 4 is preferably about 3 mm to 5 mm when white plate tempered glass is used, and about 5 mm when a synthetic resin substrate (made of polycarbonate resin or the like) is used.
- the resin layer 5 has a role of sealing the solar cell element 6.
- the first resin layer 5a and the second resin layer 5b are integrated.
- a thermosetting resin or a cross-linkable resin such as a thermoplastic resin containing a cross-linking agent to give thermosetting characteristics.
- the thicknesses of the first resin layer 5a and the second resin layer 5b are each preferably about 0.4 to 1 mm.
- a cross-linkable resin as described above can be formed into a sheet shape by an extruder and cut.
- the resin layer 5 has a plurality of recesses on the surface opposite to the solar cell element 6. In the present embodiment, the concave portion is provided in the second resin layer 5b.
- thermosetting resin for example, acrylic resin, silicon resin, epoxy resin, or the like can be used.
- thermoplastic resin for example, those mainly composed of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA) and the like are preferable.
- the crosslinking agent has a role of bonding between molecules of the thermoplastic resin, and for example, an organic peroxide that decomposes at a temperature of 70 to 180 ° C. to generate radicals can be used.
- organic peroxide for example, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis (t-butylperoxy) hexane or tert-hexylperoxypivalate can be used.
- the second resin layer 5b is made of a material that contains titanium oxide, a pigment, or the like and is colored in a desired color. Also good.
- the silicon substrate may have a thickness of about 0.2 to 0.3 mm and a size of about 150 to 160 mm square.
- the silicon substrate has a PN junction formed by bonding a P-type semiconductor layer containing a large amount of P-type impurities such as boron and an N-type semiconductor layer containing a large amount of N-type impurities such as phosphorus.
- the silicon substrate includes electrodes made of silver paste or the like formed on the front surface and / or back surface by a screen printing method or the like. Note that solder may be coated on almost the entire surface of the electrode for the purpose of protecting the electrode or facilitating attachment of the connection conductor 8 to the electrode.
- the solar cell element 6 is not limited to the one using the crystalline silicon substrate such as single crystal or polycrystalline silicon as described above.
- crystalline silicon substrate such as single crystal or polycrystalline silicon as described above.
- amorphous silicon, Si thin film, CIS system, CIGS system or Various solar cell elements such as a dye sensitizing system may be used.
- connection conductor 8 As the connection conductor 8, it is preferable to use, for example, one in which the entire surface of a wiring material such as copper foil is coated with a solder of about 20 to 70 ⁇ m by plating or dipping.
- the connecting conductor 8 preferably has a width of about 1 to 3 mm and a length of about 260 to 290 mm.
- the connecting electrode 7 is preferably made of a copper foil as in the case of the connecting conductor 8, and the surface thereof is covered with solder and has a width of about 4 to 8 mm.
- the back sheet 9 has a role of a protective sheet for protecting the resin layer 5 and the solar cell element 6 and is made of, for example, polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), or the like. A sheet or a laminate of these.
- PVF polyvinyl fluoride
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate
- the thickness of the back sheet 9 is, for example, about 10 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, and is preferably 20 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of sufficiently securing moisture resistance, weather resistance, etc., and facilitating transfer of the uneven shape described later.
- the back sheet 9 has a concavo-convex shape in which the surface facing the solar cell element 6 has a plurality of convex portions.
- the convex portion is formed at a position corresponding to the concave portion of the resin layer 5, and is located in contact with the inner surface of the concave portion of the resin layer 5.
- the back surface sheet 9 has a height of a convex portion at a portion corresponding to the gap in the arrangement direction between the adjacent solar cell elements 6 and a convex portion at a portion corresponding to the place where the solar cell element 6 is disposed. Bigger than the height.
- a reflective member may be provided on the light receiving surface side of the back sheet 9.
- a reflecting member for example, aluminum or the like may be deposited on the light receiving surface of the back sheet 9.
- the portion corresponding to the gap between the adjacent solar cell elements 6 is more than the top of each solar cell element 6. Since the height of the convex portion of the back sheet 9 is larger than the portion corresponding to the place where the solar cell element 6 is disposed, the unevenness difference of the back sheet 9 on the surface where the convex portion is formed is large. It has become. That is, in the solar cell module 100, the region corresponding to the gap between the adjacent solar cell elements 6 protrudes toward the translucent substrate 4 rather than the region corresponding to each solar cell element 6.
- the convex portion of the back sheet 9 has a structure in which it enters the resin layer 5 deeper.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the laminating apparatus 2 in which the module laminate 10 is arranged.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the module stack 10 shown in FIG.
- the module laminate 10 has a configuration in which a first resin layer 5 a, a string connector 12, a second resin layer 5 b, and a back sheet 9 are sequentially laminated on the non-light-receiving surface of the translucent substrate 4.
- the laminating apparatus 2 includes a housing 13 composed of an upper housing 13a and a lower housing 13b that can be opened and closed with each other, a diaphragm sheet 15 that separates the inside of the housing 13 into an upper vacuum region 14a and a lower vacuum region 14b, It mainly includes a heater panel 18 disposed substantially in the center of the lower housing 13b, and a pressing member 3 disposed between the diaphragm sheet 15 and the heater panel 18.
- the upper vacuum pump 16a is connected to the upper housing 13a, and the upper vacuum region 14a surrounded by the upper housing 13a and the diaphragm sheet 15 can be decompressed by operating the upper vacuum pump 16a.
- a lower vacuum pump 16b is connected to the lower housing 13b, and the lower vacuum area 14b surrounded by the lower housing 13b and the diaphragm sheet 15 can be decompressed by operating the lower vacuum pump 16b. ing.
- a resin member such as silicon rubber having excellent strength and stretchability.
- a heater 18a is connected to the heater panel 18, and the module stack 10 placed on the heater panel 18 can be heated by applying a voltage to the heater 18a.
- the pressing member 3 is a member for forming a concavo-convex shape having a plurality of convex portions on the back sheet 9 in a process to be described later, and includes, for example, a resin sheet such as a silicon rubber sheet, a sheet-like woven fabric, and the like. Since the pressing member 4 forms a plurality of convex portions on the back sheet 9, the surface (pressing surface) that presses the back sheet 9 is uneven. By using such a pressing member 3, the reliability at the time of integrating the module laminated body 10 improves.
- the pressing member 3 is made of a woven fabric formed using glass fibers and impregnated with a fluororesin such as polytetrafluoroethylene, the pressing member 3 and the back sheet 9 and the resin layer 5 The releasability can be improved.
- the concavo-convex shape constituted by the texture is transferred to the back sheet 9 in a process described later.
- the horizontal period of the texture irregularities is preferably about 500 ⁇ m to 1500 ⁇ m.
- the vertical difference in height of the irregularities is preferably about 30 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of accurately transferring while reducing the load on the solar cell element 6 during pressing.
- the laminating apparatus 2 may also be provided with urethane rubber (not shown) and a release sheet 21 in order on the heater panel 18 for the purpose of alleviating the impact applied to the module laminate 10 during the manufacturing process.
- the release sheet 21 may also be provided on the pressing member 3. The release sheet 21 can suppress the first resin layer 5 a and the second resin layer 5 b from protruding from between the translucent substrate 4 and the back sheet 9 and adhering to the inside of the laminating apparatus 2.
- FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 are diagrams showing the state in the middle of pressing and heating the module laminate 10 in the laminating apparatus 2 in a stepwise manner.
- the translucent substrate 4 is placed on the release sheet 21 disposed on the heater panel 18 in the lower housing 13b.
- the module stack 10 is placed so that it faces down.
- the pressing member 3 and the release sheet 21 are sequentially stacked on the back sheet 9 of the module laminate 10. Then, the upper housing 13a is lowered toward the lower housing 13b to close the housing 13. Thereby, the module laminated body 10 is installed in the laminating apparatus 2 (FIG. 4).
- the pressing to the module laminate 10 in the pressing and heating step is performed by providing a pressure difference between the upper vacuum region 14a and the lower vacuum region 14b of the laminating apparatus 2 such that the pressure in the upper vacuum region 14a is higher.
- the diaphragm sheet 15 expands toward the lower vacuum region 14b.
- the diaphragm sheet 15 presses the module laminate 10 from above the release sheet 21, so that even when the resin layer 5 is softened in the pressing and heating step, the diaphragm sheet 15 is displaced between the members of the module laminate 10. Can be suppressed.
- the pressure difference between the upper vacuum region 14a and the lower vacuum region 14b may be 300 to 500 torr, for example.
- the laminated body 10 is pressurized with a force of about 0.4kgf / cm 2 ⁇ 0.67kgf / cm 2 by the diaphragm sheet 15.
- the concave and convex shape of the pressing member 3 is transferred to the back sheet 9, and convex portions having substantially the same shape as the pressing member 3 are formed on the back sheet 9.
- a recess having substantially the same shape as the member 3 is formed.
- corrugated shape of the back surface sheet 9 formed by this process is on the gap
- FIG. The area is larger. This is because the drag received by the back sheet 9 from the resin layer 5 when pressed is smaller on the gap between the adjacent solar cell elements 6 than on the solar cell elements 6.
- the heating of the module laminate 10 in the press heating process is performed by heating the heater panel 18 with the heater 18a.
- the resin constituting the first resin layer 5a and the second resin layer 5b is softened by heating and filled around the solar cell element 6 (FIG. 6).
- the crosslinking in the crosslinkable resin proceeds by raising the temperature to a temperature equal to or higher than the decomposition temperature of the contained crosslinking agent.
- the molecular structure of the second resin layer 5b becomes a stable three-dimensional network structure having a crosslinked structure.
- the second resin layer 5b holds the uneven shape transferred to the back sheet 9 until the resin is stabilized (low fluidity) until the shape of the resin constituting the second resin layer 5b is stabilized. Do as much as you can.
- the second resin layer 5b contains EVA as a main component
- the degree of crosslinking in this manner, when the module laminate 10 is further heated in a later step, deformation due to softening of the second resin layer 5b can be suppressed. The transferred uneven shape can be retained.
- the press heating process mentioned above performs a press and a heating substantially simultaneously, you may heat after pressing.
- the module laminate 10 is pressed so that convex portions or concave portions having substantially the same size as the concave and convex shapes formed on the pressing surface of the pressing member 3 are formed on the surfaces of the back sheet 9 and the resin layer 5. While heating, the wrinkles that have conventionally occurred in the back sheet 9 when the module laminate 10 is integrated are alleviated.
- the degree of crosslinking (%) can be measured by the following procedure.
- each crosslinkable resin constituting the first resin layer 5a and the second resin layer 5b is cut out, and the mass thereof is weighed.
- the weighed crosslinkable resin is immersed in about 100 ml of xylene or toluene solvent and left at 100 to 120 ° C. for 20 to 30 hours. Then, after taking out from said solvent and drying in air at 60-100 degreeC for 5 to 8 hours, each mass is weighed. And each bridge
- Crosslinking degree (%) (mass after solvent immersion / mass before solvent immersion) ⁇ 100
- the heating step is a step of heating the module laminate 10 under a pressure condition such that the uneven shape of the pressing member 3 is not transferred to the back sheet 9 under a temperature condition equal to or higher than the crosslinking temperature of the resin constituting the second resin layer 5b. It is.
- the pressing member 3 is removed from the module laminate 3, the module laminate 10 is taken out from the laminating apparatus 2, installed in a heating furnace (not shown), and heated by the heating furnace.
- the heating furnace a furnace that can be heated at a temperature higher than the temperature at which the crosslinkable resin constituting the first resin layer 5a and the second resin layer 5b crosslinks is used.
- the heating furnace preferably has a structure in which the module laminate 10 is heated while being conveyed by a conveyor passing through the heating furnace.
- the module laminated body 10 is heated inside the heating furnace until the crosslinkable resin constituting the second resin layer 5b is in a shape-fixed state (non-flowing state). Therefore, for example, when EVA is used as a main component, the second resin layer 5b is preferably heated until the degree of crosslinking becomes 90% or more.
- the production efficiency of the solar cell module 100 can be improved by performing a heating process collectively with one heating furnace with respect to the several module laminated body 10 pressed and heated by the laminating apparatus 2.
- Terminal box fixing process Next, a terminal box (not shown) whose casing is made of polyphenylene ether resin or the like is fixed to the solar cell module 1 with an adhesive. Through this terminal box, the generated power of the solar cell module 100 can be output to the outside.
- the solar cell module 100 is formed by the above process.
- the module laminate 10 is integrated with high reliability by integrating the module laminate 10 while transferring the uneven shape of the pressing member 3 to the back sheet 9. It can be made. Moreover, since the height difference of the unevenness
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a solar cell module 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Below, with reference to FIG. 7, the structure of the solar cell module 200 different from the structure of the solar cell module 100 which concerns on 1st Embodiment is demonstrated.
- the solar cell module 200 is provided on the translucent substrate 24 having a curved surface whose central portion protrudes on the opposite side of the solar cell element 6 from both ends, and on the back surface of the curved surface of the translucent substrate 24. It mainly includes a string link body 12, a resin layer 5 formed in such a manner as to seal the string link body 12 on the back surface of the translucent substrate 24, and a back sheet 9 formed on the resin layer 5. Further, the resin layer 5 and the back sheet 9 after forming the solar cell module 200 have a curved shape corresponding to the shape of the translucent substrate 24. Further, the back sheet 9 and the resin layer 5 have an uneven shape as in the first embodiment.
- the translucent substrate 24 is entirely curved in a direction opposite to the side where the string connector 12 is disposed.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the laminating apparatus 22 used for manufacturing the solar cell module 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the laminating apparatus 22 includes a heater panel 28 whose upper surface is shaped to have a concave curved surface in accordance with the curved shape of the translucent substrate 24 to be installed.
- Other structures are the same as those of the laminating apparatus 2 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a view showing a state after the module laminate 20 in the present embodiment is pressed and heated.
- the module laminate 20 includes a first resin layer 5a, a string connector 12, a second resin layer 5b, and a back sheet 9 on the back surface of the light-transmitting substrate 4 having a convex curved surface. It has the structure laminated
- stacked when forming the module laminated body 20 from a viewpoint of suppressing the change of the sheet thickness which arises when integrating each member, or the air remaining in a laminated body, it is translucent. It is preferable to use a substrate having a curved shape corresponding to the shape of the substrate 24. On the other hand, when laminating on the second resin layer 5b, from the viewpoint of obtaining a high degree of freedom in positioning with the light-transmitting substrate 24 having a curved shape, it is possible to use the flat plate-like back sheet 9. preferable.
- the distance between the fibers constituting the woven fabric changes flexibly according to the shape of the translucent substrate 4 when pressed. This is preferable because it can correspond to the shape of the conductive substrate 4.
- the module laminate 20 is pressed and heated using the laminating device 22 in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
- the resin layer 5 and the back sheet 9 have a curved shape corresponding to the shape of the translucent substrate 24 having a curved surface, and the uneven shape of the pressing member 3 is transferred to the back sheet 9. That is, the module laminate 20 that is curved as a whole is obtained.
- the wrinkle which had conventionally arisen in the back surface sheet 9 is relieve
- the light-transmitting substrate 24 and each member are integrated while transferring the uneven shape to the back sheet 9, whereby the curved module laminate 20 is obtained. Can be integrated with high reliability.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a solar cell module 300 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the solar cell module 300 includes a translucent substrate 24 having a curved surface with a central portion protruding to the opposite side of the solar cell element 6 from both ends, and a string connector 12 provided on the back side of the curved surface,
- substrate 24, and the back surface sheet 9 formed on the resin layer 5 are mainly provided.
- the resin layer 5 and the back sheet 9 have a curved shape corresponding to the shape of the translucent substrate 24.
- the back sheet 9 has a wave shape having a plurality of convex portions.
- the distance between the convex portions of the adjacent back sheet 9 and the height of the convex portions of the back sheet 9 increase. This is different from the second embodiment.
- such a shape of the back sheet 9 is adopted to more effectively reduce wrinkles that are likely to occur at the end of the back sheet 9 when the respective members are integrated.
- a similar uneven shape is also formed on the resin layer 5 in contact with the back sheet 9.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a laminating apparatus 32 used for manufacturing a solar cell 300 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the laminating apparatus 32 includes a pressing member 33 having a plurality of convex portions formed on the pressing surface.
- the pressing member 33 has a structure in which the distance between adjacent convex portions and the height thereof increase from the central portion to the end portion of the translucent substrate 4 constituting the module laminate 30 to be pressed. .
- Other structures are the same as those of the laminating apparatus 22 according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a view showing a state after the module laminate 30 in the present embodiment is pressed and heated.
- the convex and concave portions substantially the same as the concave and convex shape of the pressing member 33 are formed on the back sheet 9 and the resin layer 5.
- the wrinkles that have conventionally been liable to occur at the end of the back sheet 9 can be efficiently alleviated.
- the processing in the heating furnace may be performed in a state where pressure is applied to the module laminate 10 by placing a weight on the pressing member 3 disposed on the back sheet 9.
- the weight may be a member having a weight that does not relax the uneven shape transferred to the back sheet 9 by the pressing member 3, and a glass plate, aluminum, or the like is preferably used.
- the air bubbles inside the module laminate 10 are sufficiently expelled, and the first resin layer 5 a and the second resin layer 5 b are uniformly distributed in the solar cell element 6. Until it is filled around. Thereafter, the module laminated body 10 with the weight placed on the pressing member is taken out from the laminating apparatus 2 and put into a heating furnace.
- the cross-linking degree of the cross-linkable resin in the pressure heating step is set low (for example, 10% or less). This makes it possible to shorten the time required for the pressing and heating step.
- the heating furnace is more productive than the laminating apparatus 2 and can put in a number of solar cell modules, so even when using the same manufacturing apparatus as the above embodiment, The production amount of the solar cell module can be further increased.
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Abstract
Description
<1-1.太陽電池モジュールの構成>
はじめに、本発明の第1の実施の形態に係る太陽電池モジュール100の構成について説明する。
透光性基板4は、基体としての役割を有するものである。そのため、透光性基板4は、入射した光を太陽電池素子6へ透過させることができる部材であればその材質は特に限定されないが、白板ガラス、強化ガラス、熱線反射ガラスなどのガラスや、ポリカーボネート樹脂などからなる光透過率の高い部材を用いることが好ましい。透光性基板4の厚みは、例えば、白板強化ガラスを用いる場合は3mm~5mm程度、合成樹脂基板(ポリカーボネート樹脂などからなる)を用いる場合は5mm程度が好ましい。
樹脂層5は、太陽電池素子6を封止する役割を有する。本実施の形態では、第1の樹脂層5aと第2の樹脂層5bとが一体化されてなる。樹脂層5には、例えば、熱硬化性樹脂、あるいは熱可塑性樹脂に架橋剤を含有して熱硬化の特性を持たせた樹脂等の架橋性樹脂を用いることが好ましい。第1の樹脂層5aおよび第2の樹脂層5bの厚みは、それぞれ0.4~1mm程度が好ましい。このような樹脂層5は、例えば、上述のような架橋性樹脂を押出し機によりシート状に成形して切断したものを用いることができる。また、樹脂層5は、太陽電池素子6と反対側の表面に複数の凹部を有する。なお、本実施の形態では、第2の樹脂層5bに前記凹部が設けられている。
太陽電池素子6は、例えば、単結晶や多結晶のシリコン基板が用いられる。このシリコン基板は、例えば、厚みが0.2~0.3mm程度、大きさが150~160mm角程度の大きさであればよい。シリコン基板は、ボロンなどのP型不純物を多く含んだP型半導体層と、リンなどのN型不純物を多く含んだN型半導体層とが接合して成るPN接合を有する。また、シリコン基板は、表面及び/又は裏面に、スクリーンプリント法などにより形成された、銀ペースト等からなる電極を備える。なお、電極の保護や、あるいは接続導体8の電極への取り付けの容易性を目的として、電極の表面のほぼ全面にハンダがコーティングされていてもよい。
接続導体8は、例えば、銅箔などの配線材の表面全面が、メッキやディピングにより20~70μm程度の半田が被覆されたものを用いるのが好ましい。例えば150mm角の多結晶シリコン基板を用いた太陽電池素子6を使用する場合には、接続導体8は、1~3mm程度の幅、260~290mm程度の長さを有することが好ましい。
裏面シート9は、樹脂層5および太陽電池素子6を保護する保護シートの役割を有するものであり、例えば、ポリビニルフルオライド(PVF)、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)、ポリエチレンナフタレート(PEN)などからなるシートや、あるいはこれらを積層したものである。
次に、本発明の第1の実施の形態に係る太陽電池モジュール100を製造する際に用いるラミネート装置2の構造について説明する。
次に、本発明の第1の実施の形態に係る太陽電池モジュール100の製造方法について説明する。なお、以下においては、樹脂層5(第1の樹脂層5aおよび第2の樹脂層5b)に、熱可塑性樹脂に架橋剤を含有した架橋性樹脂を用いる場合を例として説明する。
はじめに、ラミネート装置2においてモジュール積層体10を押圧加熱する工程について説明する。図4から図6は、ラミネート装置2においてモジュール積層体10を押圧加熱する途中の様子を段階的に示した図である。
次に、押圧加熱工程後の加熱工程(加熱工程)について説明する。加熱工程は、裏面シート9に押圧部材3の凹凸形状が転写されないような圧力条件下で、第2の樹脂層5bを構成する樹脂の架橋温度以上の温度条件でモジュール積層体10を加熱する工程である。本工程は、押圧部材3をモジュール積層体3の上から取り外し、モジュール積層体10をラミネート装置2から取り出して加熱炉(図示せず)に設置し、加熱炉により加熱を行っている。
次に、太陽電池モジュール1に、筐体がポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂等からなる端子ボックス(図示せず)を接着剤によって固定する。この端子ボックスを通じて、太陽電池モジュール100の発電電力を外部に出力することができる。以上の工程により、太陽電池モジュール100が形成される。
次に、本発明の第2の実施の形態に係る太陽電池モジュール200について説明する。
次に、本発明の第3の実施の形態に係る太陽電池モジュール300について説明する。図10は、本発明の第3の実施の形態に係る太陽電池モジュール300の構成を示した断面図である。
上述の実施の形態においては、モジュール積層体10は、ラミネート装置2の押圧部材3から取り外して加熱炉により加熱される方法について説明したが、これに限られるものではなく、押圧部材3を取り付けたまま加熱炉において加熱される方法を採用してもよい。
Claims (8)
- 基体と、
前記基体上に、互いに間隙を設けて配列された複数の太陽電池素子と、
該太陽電池素子上に配置され、該太陽電池素子と反対側の表面に複数の凹部を有する樹脂層と、
前記樹脂層上に配置された保護シートと、を備え、
前記保護シートは、前記樹脂層の前記凹部に対応し、前記凹部に接する複数の凸部を有し、
前記太陽電池素子間の間隙に対応する部位に位置する前記凸部の高さは、前記太陽電池素子に対応する部位に位置する前記凸部の高さよりも大きい、太陽電池モジュール。 - 前記基体は、その中央部が両端部よりも前記太陽電池素子と反対側に突出する湾曲面を有する、請求項1に記載の太陽電池モジュール。
- 前記保護シートは、前記湾曲面の中央部から遠ざかるにつれて、隣り合う前記凸部間の距離および前記凸部の高さが大きくなる、請求項1または請求項2に記載の太陽電池モジュール。
- 基体上に、太陽電池素子、樹脂層及び保護シートを順に積層して成るモジュール積層体を準備する工程と、
前記保護シートの前記樹脂層と反対側の表面に複数の凸部を形成する工程と、
前記樹脂層を硬化させるために前記樹脂層を加熱する工程と、を備えた太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。 - 前記凸部を形成する工程は、凹凸状の押圧面を有する押圧部材の該押圧面を前記保護シートの前記表面に押圧する工程を含む、請求項4に記載の太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
- 前記樹脂層を加熱する工程は、前記凸部を形成する工程と同時もしくは該前記凸部を形成する工程後に施す、請求項5に記載の太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
- 前記押圧部材は、織布を有する、請求項5または6に記載の太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
- 前記織布は、ガラス繊維を含んでなり、該ガラス繊維にフッ素樹脂を含浸させてなる、請求項7に記載の太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
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| JP2010245275A (ja) * | 2009-04-06 | 2010-10-28 | Toyota Motor Corp | 太陽電池モジュールの製造方法及び製造装置 |
| JP2011249418A (ja) * | 2010-05-24 | 2011-12-08 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 光起電力素子モジュールおよびその製造方法 |
| WO2012029263A1 (ja) * | 2010-09-03 | 2012-03-08 | 富士電機株式会社 | 太陽電池モジュールの製造方法 |
| JP2012060081A (ja) * | 2010-09-13 | 2012-03-22 | Kureha Elastomer Co Ltd | 太陽電池モジュール製造用ダイヤフラムおよびその評価方法ならびに太陽電池モジュールの製造方法 |
| JP2012116190A (ja) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-06-21 | Robert Buerkle Gmbh | 板状構成材を積層するための積層方法 |
| JP2013120865A (ja) * | 2011-12-08 | 2013-06-17 | Bridgestone Corp | 太陽電池モジュールの製造方法 |
| WO2016110949A1 (ja) * | 2015-01-07 | 2016-07-14 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 太陽電池モジュールの製造方法および太陽電池モジュール |
| JP2016171237A (ja) * | 2015-03-13 | 2016-09-23 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 太陽電池モジュール |
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| JP2017163171A (ja) * | 2012-06-05 | 2017-09-14 | サン−ゴバン グラス フランスSaint−Gobain Glass France | 光起電性モジュールが組み込まれたルーフパネル |
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| JP2023174106A (ja) * | 2022-05-27 | 2023-12-07 | 京セラ株式会社 | 太陽電池モジュール |
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| US20110083717A1 (en) | 2011-04-14 |
| US8389850B2 (en) | 2013-03-05 |
| JP5279813B2 (ja) | 2013-09-04 |
| JPWO2009113643A1 (ja) | 2011-07-21 |
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