WO2009101361A2 - Procede de chauffage d'un cru mineral dans un four de cuisson de type four tunnel - Google Patents
Procede de chauffage d'un cru mineral dans un four de cuisson de type four tunnel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009101361A2 WO2009101361A2 PCT/FR2009/050219 FR2009050219W WO2009101361A2 WO 2009101361 A2 WO2009101361 A2 WO 2009101361A2 FR 2009050219 W FR2009050219 W FR 2009050219W WO 2009101361 A2 WO2009101361 A2 WO 2009101361A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- oxidant
- injection
- injected
- fuel
- jet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
- F27B9/36—Arrangements of heating devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
- F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/32—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid using a mixture of gaseous fuel and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
- F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for heating a mineral meal in a tunnel type baking oven.
- CO 2 emissions related to human activity are likely to be responsible for much of the global warming that seems to be occurring at the terrestrial level. This observation led in particular to the signing of the Kyoto Protocol. Since a growing number of countries are setting targets in terms of limiting CO 2 emissions. In the case of the European Union, for example, the implementation of this protocol resulted in an emissions allowance system CO2, or quotas.
- the raw material which is a mixture of clay and limestone mainly, is: first (1) homogenized, typically by grinding, and (2) dried, then (3) reheated , typically up to about 900 ° C., and (4) decarbonated - at the reheating temperature the calcium carbonate decomposes to give lime and carbon dioxide - and then (5) clinkerized.
- the clinker thus obtained is quenched in the air and then ground with gypsum to form the cement.
- the clinker is obtained by firing at high temperature (clinkerization), generally between 1100 0 C and 1400 0 C, decarbonated raw. At this temperature, the lime and the various components of the material recombine to form the clinker. Clinkering usually takes place in a rotary kiln. It has also been proposed to implement a tunnel kiln for clinker firing.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a combustion technology, adapted to tunnel furnaces, which meets the constraints described above.
- the present invention relates in particular to a method of heating a mineral meal in a tunnel furnace type baking furnace having a focus with an inlet upstream, a downstream outlet and side walls equipped with burners.
- the raw material travels a treatment path between the upstream inlet and the downstream outlet of the hearth.
- the raw material is conveyed in a substantially constant thickness web along the treatment path where the raw material is heated and cooked by means of said burners so as to obtain a cooked product, such as clinker.
- Said burners comprise at least one fuel injector and at least one oxidant injector, said oxidant having an oxygen content of greater than 22% vol. These burners are hereinafter referred to as "oxyburners”.
- the at least one oxidant injector is positioned relative to the at least one fuel injector so that the at least one fuel jet injected by the at least one fuel injector is separated from the fuel injector. tablecloth by at least an oxidant jet injected by at least one oxidant injector.
- at least one oxidant jet is interposed between each fuel jet and the web.
- the raw material is transported between the inlet upstream and the outlet downstream of the hearth.
- the tunnel kilns are equipped with appropriate mechanical means of transport adapted to the temperatures that prevail in the home.
- the raw material can be transported through the hearth by means of rollers, as described in particular in WO-A-02094732, on a treadmill or on trolleys (in English "kiln-cars") as described in part 2.2.7.4.2 "Tunnel kilns" of the reference document of the European Commission entitled "Reference Document on Best Available Techniques in the Ceramic Manufacturing Industry" of August 2007
- the tunnel type furnaces are thus distinguished from rotary kilns (in English "rotary kilns") which are not equipped with such means for the transport of the raw material and in which, in particular, the transport of the raw material is typically carried out under the effect gravity by tilting the same rotary kiln.
- the cooked product is typically cooled at the outlet of the treatment path.
- At least one oxy-burner is a concentric injection oxy-burner with a peripheral oxidant injection making it possible to create an oxidizing atmosphere outside the flame envelope.
- the oxidant jet injected by the peripheral injection surrounds the fuel jet, the lower part of the peripheral oxidant jet being interposed between the fuel jet and the sheet, thus separating the fuel jet from the fuel jet. the tablecloth.
- the process will use several such concentric injection oxy-burners.
- all the oxy-burners mounted in the side walls of the furnace are such concentric injection oxy-burners.
- oxy-burners Preferably, a plurality, or all of them, of the oxy-burners are oxy-burners of this type.
- the jet of oxidant injected by the central oxidant injection is advantageously injected at a higher impulse than the jet of oxidant injected by the peripheral oxidant injection.
- At least one of the oxy-burners comprises one or more lower oxidant injectors situated below the at least one fuel injector so that the oxidant jet (s) injected by the lower injector (s) separate the at least one fuel jet injected by the at least one fuel injector of the web.
- the oxidant jet (s) injected by the lower injector (s) are interposed between the fuel jet (s) and the layer.
- the oxy-burner may also comprise one or more oxidant injectors located at one or more fuel injectors and / or located at a level above one or more fuel injectors.
- the oxy-burner is advantageously an oxy-burner with a staged oxidant injection.
- a first part oxidant called primary oxidant
- a second part of the oxidant is injected near the fuel jet or jets
- said secondary oxidant being injected at a greater distance from the fuel jet or jets
- a third part of the oxidant said tertiary oxidant, being optionally injected at an even greater distance from the fuel jet or jets.
- a staged combustion is carried out: in a first combustion phase, the fuel jet or jets react with the primary oxidant, the remainder of the fuel after the primary combustion and the products of combustion of this primary combustion then entering into contact with the secondary oxidant in a secondary combustion and, in the particular case where there is distribution of the oxidant in primary, secondary and tertiary oxidant, the fuel remaining after the secondary combustion and the products of combustion resulting from this secondary combustion come into contact with the tertiary oxidant in a tertiary combustion phase.
- Each fuel injector is connected to a fuel source.
- Each oxidant injector is connected to an oxidant source.
- the fuels used are preferably low-cost fuels (coal, petcoke, waste, etc.) conventionally used by cement manufacturers. It is nevertheless conceivable to advantageously use gaseous fuels (natural gas, propane, etc.) or liquid fuels (fuel oil).
- the oxygen content of the oxidant is greater than 22% vol.
- the oxygen content of the oxidant is advantageously greater than 50% vol, preferably greater than 70% vol and more preferably greater than 80% vol.
- the invention also relates to the use of the heating method described above in the manufacture of lime or clinker.
- a tunnel furnace for heating a mineral raw material to produce a cooked product suitable for carrying out the process comprises a furnace having an upstream inlet, a downstream outlet and sidewalls equipped with burners. Such a furnace also comprises means for introducing a sheet of mineral raw material into the furnace through the upstream inlet, means for evacuating the layer of cooked product from the furnace via the downstream outlet and means for transporting the sheet along a treatment path between the upstream inlet and the downstream outlet, such as one or carriages, rollers or treadmills.
- the burners with which the side walls of the furnace are equipped are burners according to any one of the embodiments described above. These burners are therefore oxy-burners comprising at least one fuel injector and at least one oxidant injector.
- the at least one oxidant injector of these burners is positioned relative to the at least one fuel injector so that the at least one fuel jet injected by the at least one fuel injector is separated from the sheet by at least one oxidant jet injected by at least one oxidant injector.
- the proposed technology is applicable to the manufacture of various types of clinker, such as the clinker for sulfo-aluminous cement and / or ferro-aluminous cited in WO-A-02094732, the clinker for Portland cement, the manufacture of lime, or the cooking other mineral products. It is particularly useful for cooking mineral raw materials whose composition is such that their cooking requires a good control of the heat transfer to the raw material such as raw for sulfo-aluminous cement and / or ferro-aluminous.
- the present invention makes it possible to create a relatively homogeneous temperature atmosphere above the sheet according to a desired longitudinal profile.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a suitable concentric injection burner; for the process according to the invention, Fig. 1A showing cross-section and Fig. 1B a front view; and FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional representation of the hearth of a tunnel furnace adapted for implementing the method according to the invention equipped with a second type of burner.
- the tunnel or hearth is equipped with oxy-burners aligned on the side of the furnace, on both sides of the sheet of material. Said burners are positioned in the side walls and oriented so that their flames do not impact the load.
- the fuel used is a fuel conventionally used by cement manufacturers, such as coal, petcoke, waste. It is also possible to use gaseous fuels (natural gas, propane %) or liquid fuels (fuel oil).
- the oxygen content in the oxidizer of an oxy-burner is greater than 22% vol, preferably greater than 50%, still more preferably greater than 70% and more preferably greater than 80%.
- Different types of burners are proposed to create the proper atmosphere for the material: a. oxy-fuel burners with concentric fuel and oxidant injections (Figure 1)
- the burner 1 in the side wall 3 is a concentric injection oxy-burner, with a peripheral oxidant injection 10 surrounding the fuel injection 11 and for creating an oxidizing atmosphere outside the flame envelope 19.
- oxidizing atmosphere avoids the excessive reduction of sulphates contained in the raw.
- the need to preserve the oven or to adapt the heat transfer to the width may lead to a need to change the length of the oven.
- the flame 19 produced by one or more burners may lead to a need to change the length of the oven.
- concentric injection burners with:
- peripheral oxidant surrounding the fuel injection 11, to create an oxidizing atmosphere outside the flame envelope as mentioned above,
- the adjustment of the distribution between the peripheral oxidant flow rate and the central oxidant flow rate is as a function of the desired power and the desired flame length.
- the central oxidant, or primary, 12 injected at a higher pulse than the secondary oxidant 10 will allow to adjust the flame length.
- the proportion of this oxidant is typically such that the central oxidant 12 provided between 8% and 30% of the totality of the oxygen injected by the burner, for example of the order of 15%.
- increasing the proportion of primary oxygen (oxygen supplied by the central oxidant) will reduce the length of the flame by improving the oxidant / fuel mixture.
- the injection of fuel into the furnace 2 is separated, that is to say spaced, from the injection of oxidant into the clinkerization furnace.
- a first line of oxidant injectors (secondary oxidant) 10 is at a level directly above the level of the sheet 20 transported on the carriage 21 and below the fuel injector or injectors 11, at least one injector primary oxidant 12 being located at a smaller distance (relative to this first line of injectors 10) of the fuel injector or injectors 11 and at a greater distance (with respect to this first line of injectors 10) from the ply 20
- Such a burner 1 in the side wall 3 again makes it possible to create an oxidizing atmosphere above the sheet 20 and outside the flame envelope 19. This oxidizing atmosphere makes it possible to avoid the excessive reduction of the sulphates. contained in the raw.
- the first line of oxidant injectors (secondary oxidant) 10 makes it possible to create an oxidizing atmosphere above the sheet 20 outside the flame envelope 19,
- Adjusting the distribution between the oxidant flow rates of the various oxidant injectors 10, 12 is based on the desired power and the desired flame length 19.
- additional lines of oxidant injectors (primary oxidant) 12 are located (a) above this first line of injectors but below the fuel injector (s) 11 (line 12a) and (b) above the fuel injector (s) 11 (line 12b).
- the spacing of the injection lines depends inter alia on the width of the furnace. The calculation of this spacing, and in particular the spacing between the fuel injector and the primary oxidant injectors during the design allows optimization between flame length and NOx reduction.
- the power of the various oxy-burners along the fireplace 2 of the clinkerisation furnace is adjusted to obtain the desired heating profile.
- the level of the oxidant injection lines and the spacing of the injections on the same line may also vary over the length of the clinkerisation furnace in order to obtain the appropriate heat transfer.
- Suitable oxy-burners for the present invention that allow, among other things, to vary the length of a flame in operation and adjust it as necessary are described in patent applications and patents of the Applicant.
- EP-A-0763692, EP-A-1016825, EP-A-1195557 and FR-A-2837916 disclose oxy-burners marketed under the trade name ALGLASS VM TM which makes it possible to modify the flame length by modifying the oxygen distribution central or peripheral ("Variable Momentum") as in Example 1 above; and
- EP-A-1618334, EP-A-1702177 and EP-A-1704366 describe oxybrulers with separate injections with a staging of the oxygen injection and an adjustment of the distribution of oxidant marketed under the trade name ALGLASS SUN TM.
- a common point of these technologies is to allow to modify the characteristics of the flame in operation.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12/867,135 US20100316969A1 (en) | 2008-02-11 | 2009-02-11 | Method of Heating a Mineral Feedstock in a Firing Furnace of the Tunnel Furnace Type |
| CN2009801047712A CN101946148A (zh) | 2008-02-11 | 2009-02-11 | 用于在隧道炉类型的焙烧炉中加热矿物给料的方法 |
| EP09709567A EP2242975A2 (fr) | 2008-02-11 | 2009-02-11 | Procede de chauffage d'un cru mineral dans un four de cuisson de type four tunnel |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0850831A FR2927409B1 (fr) | 2008-02-11 | 2008-02-11 | Procede de chauffage d'un cru mineral dans un four de cuisson de type four tunnel |
| FR0850831 | 2008-02-11 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2009101361A2 true WO2009101361A2 (fr) | 2009-08-20 |
| WO2009101361A3 WO2009101361A3 (fr) | 2009-10-08 |
Family
ID=39591875
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2009/050219 Ceased WO2009101361A2 (fr) | 2008-02-11 | 2009-02-11 | Procede de chauffage d'un cru mineral dans un four de cuisson de type four tunnel |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20100316969A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP2242975A2 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN101946148A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2927409B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2009101361A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2281785A1 (fr) * | 2009-08-06 | 2011-02-09 | AGC Glass Europe | Four de fusion du verre |
| US8707877B2 (en) | 2011-06-05 | 2014-04-29 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Solid fuel and oxygen combustion with low NOx and efficient burnout |
| DE102015005416B4 (de) * | 2015-04-29 | 2023-11-30 | Khd Humboldt Wedag Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Calcinators mit einem Gasbrenner |
Family Cites Families (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB704901A (en) * | 1951-08-07 | 1954-03-03 | Pollopas Patents Ltd | Improvements in or relating to pulverised fuel burners, more particularly for cementkilns and similarly constructed furnaces |
| DE1508584A1 (de) * | 1966-06-02 | 1969-12-18 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Zement oder anderen Stoffen in einem Flammofen |
| US3397256A (en) * | 1966-07-01 | 1968-08-13 | Baker Co J E | Combustion process and apparatus to increase a flame temperature |
| EP0432153B1 (fr) * | 1988-09-02 | 1994-12-28 | American Combustion, Inc. | Procede et appareil pour produire une flamme extremement lumineuse |
| US5007823A (en) * | 1989-12-01 | 1991-04-16 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Dust recycling to rotary kilns |
| US5755818A (en) * | 1995-06-13 | 1998-05-26 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Staged combustion method |
| CN1158954A (zh) * | 1995-06-13 | 1997-09-10 | 普拉塞尔技术有限公司 | 减少氮氧化物和一氧化碳产生的分级燃烧 |
| US5743723A (en) * | 1995-09-15 | 1998-04-28 | American Air Liquide, Inc. | Oxy-fuel burner having coaxial fuel and oxidant outlets |
| FR2784449B1 (fr) * | 1998-10-13 | 2000-12-29 | Stein Heurtey | Bruleur a combustible fluide notamment pour fours de rechauffage de produits siderurgiques |
| FR2788110B1 (fr) * | 1998-12-30 | 2001-02-16 | Air Liquide | Procede de combustion et ses utilisations pour l'elaboration de verre et de metal |
| FR2795716B1 (fr) * | 1999-07-02 | 2001-08-03 | Air Liquide | Procede de calcination d'un materiau a base de minerai |
| CN100453901C (zh) * | 2000-08-04 | 2009-01-21 | 巴布考克日立株式会社 | 固体燃料燃烧器及使用固定燃料燃烧器的燃烧方法 |
| FR2814796B1 (fr) * | 2000-10-03 | 2003-08-29 | Air Liquide | Bruleur tri-tubes pour fours notamment a verre et a metaux, et procede d'injection de combustible et de carburant par un tel bruleur |
| FR2823290B1 (fr) * | 2001-04-06 | 2006-08-18 | Air Liquide | Procede de combustion comportant des injections separees de combustible et d oxydant et ensemble bruleur pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede |
| FR2825086B1 (fr) * | 2001-05-23 | 2004-05-14 | Carrieres Du Boulonnais | Procede de fabrication d'un ciment sulfo-alumineux et/ou ferro-alumineux, ciment obtenu par ce procede, et installation de mise en oeuvre |
| FR2863692B1 (fr) * | 2003-12-16 | 2009-07-10 | Air Liquide | Procede de combustion etagee avec injection optimisee de l'oxydant primaire |
| FR2863690B1 (fr) * | 2003-12-16 | 2006-01-20 | Air Liquide | Procede de combustion etagee mettant en oeuvre un gaz riche en oxygene et un gaz pauvre en oxygene |
| US7430970B2 (en) * | 2005-06-30 | 2008-10-07 | Larue Albert D | Burner with center air jet |
| US7717701B2 (en) * | 2006-10-24 | 2010-05-18 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Pulverized solid fuel burner |
| US8707877B2 (en) * | 2011-06-05 | 2014-04-29 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Solid fuel and oxygen combustion with low NOx and efficient burnout |
-
2008
- 2008-02-11 FR FR0850831A patent/FR2927409B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-02-11 CN CN2009801047712A patent/CN101946148A/zh active Pending
- 2009-02-11 WO PCT/FR2009/050219 patent/WO2009101361A2/fr not_active Ceased
- 2009-02-11 US US12/867,135 patent/US20100316969A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-02-11 EP EP09709567A patent/EP2242975A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20100316969A1 (en) | 2010-12-16 |
| CN101946148A (zh) | 2011-01-12 |
| FR2927409A1 (fr) | 2009-08-14 |
| EP2242975A2 (fr) | 2010-10-27 |
| FR2927409B1 (fr) | 2013-01-04 |
| WO2009101361A3 (fr) | 2009-10-08 |
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