WO2009036592A1 - An automobile engine assembly with multifunctional pistons - Google Patents

Abstract

An automobile engine assembly with multifunctional pistons is disclosed, wherein the multifunctional piston (5) means that one piston with two or more functions is provided in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine. Telescopic hollow intake channels (19) are provided in the piston (5) and a top-pressing type of intake valve (20) is installed in the channel (19). A high voltage igniter (4) is provided at the top center of the piston (5). When the multifunctional piston (5) moves down to contact with a top-pressing type of sensor of the cylinder valve, a composite exhaust valve (28) is opened by a connecting rod device (27); then whenthe multifunctional piston (5) moves down to a predetermined height, the bottom end of the pushing rod (21) of the intake valve contacts with a pillar provided in the lower part of the intake channel (19) and the top-pressing type of intake valve (20) is opened. When a lifting oil cylinder (1) moves up to contact with a sensor for fuel injection (33), the sensing element for fuel injection (33) instructs a nozzle for fuel-air mixing to eject the atomized mixed fuel and air into the cylinder and the best air-fuel ratio is obtained in the cylinder, and when the cylinder (1) moves up continuously to reach the top dead center of the piston, it contacts with a sensor for igniting and sends an instruction of igniting.

Description

 Multi-head piston type automobile engine assembly

 The invention belongs to the field of engine assemblies (including automatic transmission and clutch performance), and in particular relates to an internal combustion engine assembly (hereinafter referred to as a new engine assembly) for a vehicle with variable capacity and variable hydraulic transmission power.

Background technique

 At present, in the existing automobile engine, the maximum torque value and the rotational speed have only one intersection point. As long as the engine speed deviates from this point, the torque value will decrease, the fuel consumption will increase, and the exhaust pollution will increase. Because the car is a tool for driving on the road, the uncertainty of the road conditions and the driving environment determines that the vehicle must have: small torque high speed, low torque low speed, high torque low speed, high torque between high speed The timely interchangeability, and the existing car engine has not been able to completely solve this technical problem. More than 30 years ago, a senior designer at a famous automobile research institute in the United States had such a speech. He said: "If you can break down the current four-cylinder engine into 40 independent single-control and group control, no more than With the engine of the existing engine size, I can immediately design the world's best driving and lowest fuel consumption engine." Although the experts in the world's automotive industry have been working hard for decades, they have only partially solved the above-mentioned technical problems. The variable displacement engine (for example, the six-cylinder engine can be converted into two independent coaxial 3-cylinder engines) and the hybrid power. Engine, but because: 1, still can not completely solve the above technical problems; 2, the structure is too complicated, expensive; 3, further increase, so for many years failed to mass production, but did not form the main model.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the existing automobile engine technology, and to provide a compact size and a very simple structure, according to the car in different road conditions or driving environment. While changing the cylinder capacity, it can control the multi-head piston ascending speed to make the engine always work under the optimal air-fuel ratio, output the power required at the right time, and a new type of automobile engine assembly with low energy consumption and low emission.

 In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: The power output system of the new engine assembly includes: a multi-head piston installed in the cylinder body, and a constant pressure type hydraulic oil energy storage assembly; The hydraulic oil storage assembly includes: a non-contact liquid level monitor and a balance piston disposed inside; a tee is disposed at the bottom of the cylinder, one end of which is connected to the equal pressure type fuel supply tank, and the other end is connected with a constant pressure Hydraulic oil accumulator; the three-way pipe is provided with two one-way valves for respectively controlling the hydraulic oil flow direction of the equal pressure type fuel supply tank and the hydraulic oil flow entering the constant pressure type hydraulic oil accumulator; One end of the pressure type hydraulic oil accumulator is connected with the variable capacity and torque converter oil motor assembly, and the other end is connected with the high pressure gas cylinder through the pressure limiting valve to achieve constant operation of the hydraulic oil accumulator in the dynamic working environment. The pressure output, the high pressure gas cylinder is connected to the air compressor through the pressure monitoring valve, and automatically supplements the air pressure balance in the variable pressure gas cylinder.

 The new engine assembly intake and exhaust system includes: a sub-female exhaust valve disposed at the top of the cylinder, a telescopic air intake port disposed on the multi-head piston, and a gravity-balanced intake air mounted on the intake port The valve is composed of an external energy storage type intake port mounted on the frame and a high speed turbo air booster and a pulse oil turbine motor connected to the intake port to form an air boosting device.

 The new engine assembly ignition system consists of: a high-pressure igniter disposed at the center of the multi-head piston and an ignition sensor disposed on the wall of the jack-up cylinder and an oil-gas hybrid injector mounted on the combustion chamber. '

The motion control system of the new engine assembly includes: an engine assembly operation control computer and an electronically controlled time difference three-way valve that controls the upward movement of the piston at the bottom of the base, and controls The electronically controlled stepping switch for hydraulic oil flow to the hydraulic motor flow, and the multi-cylinder asynchronous running controller.

Advantages and positive effects

 1, small size, very simple structure;

 2. The engine can adjust the power output of the engine by changing the total speed of the cylinder when changing the total volume of the cylinder in different road conditions or driving environment, and can change the engine regardless of the power output. Work at the optimum air-fuel ratio and output the maximum torque at the right time, so this is a low-energy, low-emission car engine. DRAWINGS

 Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention

 Figure 2 is a view of the cylinder A-A of the present invention

 Figure 3 is a view of the cylinder B-B of the present invention

 Figure 4 is a top view of the present invention

 Figure 5 is a schematic view of the power output system of the present invention

 Figure 6 is a schematic view of the exhaust process of the present invention

 Figure 7 is a schematic view of the intake process of the present invention

 Figure 8 is a schematic view of the compression process of the present invention

 Figure 9 is a schematic view of the ignition and expansion process of the present invention

 Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the upward route of the lubricating oil system of the present invention

 Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the downward route of the lubricating oil system of the present invention

 Figure 12 is a schematic view of the ignition system of the present invention

detailed description

 The invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The following is an example of a four-cylinder machine, because the new engine assembly of the present invention has every cylinder With its own power output system Figure 5 intake and exhaust system Figure 6, Figure 7, ignition system Figure 9, lubrication system Figure 10, Figure 11 and motion control system; in a cylinder under the action of the jacking cylinder up to the top At the time, the electronically controlled time difference three-way valve (2) set under the jacking cylinder (1) is closed, at which time the multi-head piston (5) in the cylinder is in the optimal ignition position, and the ignition sensor (30) receives the command. Then, the ignition command is issued, and the high-pressure igniter (4) burns the optimal air-fuel ratio of the oil-air mixed fuel. At this time, the A-cylinder is in a deflagration state, and the ignition circuits of the B-cylinder, the C-cylinder, and the D-cylinder are in an off state. When the A cylinder is under the explosive pressure of the explosive gas, the multi-head piston (5) is rapidly descending. After the ignition circuit of the A cylinder is closed, the B cylinder can receive the ignition command and start to repeat the ignition operation of the A cylinder, and the A cylinder, the C cylinder and the D cylinder. The ignition circuit is in the off state. Therefore, the technical problem of controlling the multi-cylinder asynchronous work after the automobile engine is removed from the crankshaft is solved. At the same time, it solves the problem of energy storage after the inertia energy storage flywheel is removed. More importantly, it solves the problem that the upstream speed of the existing engine piston is uncontrollable, so that the engine is always in the optimal air-fuel ratio when changing the power output. Work under the power.

As shown in Figure 5, when the multi-head piston (5) moves toward the top of the cylinder, the check valve (7) connected to the isobaric tank (6) is automatically opened to draw hydraulic oil into the cylinder; when the multi-head piston (5) When moving to the bottom of the cylinder, the check valve (7) connected to the isobaric fuel supply tank (6) is automatically closed, and the check valve (9) connected to the constant pressure hydraulic oil accumulator (8) Automatically open, press hydraulic oil into the constant pressure hydraulic oil accumulator (8), and transmit it to the variable-capacity and torque-changing oil motor (10) assembly through the oil passage, which is composed of variable-capacity and variable-coil oil motors. (10) drive the wheel to rotate, realize the vehicle's walking; the non-contact liquid level monitor installed outside the constant pressure hydraulic oil accumulator (8) is used to monitor the constant pressure hydraulic oil accumulator (8) The position of the balance piston (12) changes. If the balance piston (12) moves in the direction of the one-way function pressure limiting valve (13), the operation control computer issues a command, and the pressure limiting valve (13) opens. The gas cylinder (14) presses the high pressure air into the constant pressure hydraulic oil accumulator (8). Lowering the balance piston (12) to the equilibrium position; when the gas pressure in the high pressure gas cylinder (14) is insufficient, the operation control computer issues a command, the pressure limiting valve (15) with one-way work is turned on, and the air compressor ( 16) Start to deliver high pressure gas to the high pressure gas cylinder (14); when the air pressure in the constant pressure hydraulic oil accumulator (8) is too high, it will pass the check valve with pressure limiting function (17) Exhaust gas is discharged into the secondary high pressure air storage bottle (18); the secondary high pressure air storage cylinder (18) is provided with a safety valve (39) for excessive gas discharge, and is connected to the oil mixing nozzle (34). Airway (40).

 The exhaust process of the new engine assembly is shown in Figure 6:

 When the multi-head piston (5) descends, the bottom of the multi-head piston (5) comes into contact with the top-pressure cylinder valve sensor (26), and the sub-male exhaust valve (28) is opened by the connecting rod device (27). It should be noted that the sub-male exhaust valve (28) is opened earlier than the top-pressure intake valve (20), and the sub-male exhaust valve (28) is at the center of the main exhaust valve. A small exhaust valve with pressure relief and increased discharge is provided. According to the mechanics principle, we will know the necessity of such a setting, that is: when the multi-head piston (5) is working from the power stroke to the bottom dead center, the pressure in the cylinder is still quite large, and the mother-and-air exhaust valve (28) should be simultaneously The power required for opening is very large. If the pressure-reducing area is relatively small, the pressure-increasing and increasing-exhausting valves are slightly advanced, and the pressure acting on the sub-mother exhaust valve (28) in the cylinder is reduced, and then all the rows are discharged. The gas valve is opened, and the exhaust gas in the cylinder is quickly discharged into the exhaust pipe (29) through the gas exhaust valve (28) under the action of the gas pressurized by the high-speed turbo air booster (23).

 The intake process of the new engine assembly is shown in Figure 7:

The multi-head piston (5) is evenly distributed with three large-section intake passages. The existing intake mode of the cylinder head is made by the piston body, so as to increase the intake air volume and the intake air speed as much as possible. That is, a telescopic intake port (19) is provided on the multi-head piston (5), and a top pressure type intake valve (20) is disposed in the intake port (19). The multi-head piston (5) is operated downward, and when the piston is lowered to the rated height, the bottom end of the intake valve ejector (21) is in contact with the top post (22) installed under the intake passage (19), and the top pressure type intake air When the valve (20) is opened, the air pressurized by the high-speed turbo air booster (23) flows into the cylinder, in order to ensure accurate reset of the top-pressure intake valve (20) during opening and closing, at the intake The road (19) is provided with a ejector limit slide (24) and a return spring (25), wherein the return spring (25) functions to balance the gravity of the top pressure type intake valve (20), so that the top can be topped. The pressure type intake valve (20) can be opened or closed with a small force to increase the sensitivity of the top pressure type intake valve (20).

 When the multi-head piston (5) starts to go up, the invention uses a telescopic air inlet (19) because the intake pressure is greater than the air pressure in the cylinder, and when the multi-head piston (5) turns to the rising section, The air intake can continue, until the air pressure inside and outside the cylinder is balanced, the top pressure type intake valve (20) will automatically close under the action of its own gravity to complete the intake action.

 Compression, ignition and expansion of the new engine assembly:

 Figure 6 and Figure 8 show that when the multi-head piston (5) is in the lower stop position, the operation control computer (30) sends an open electronically controlled time difference three-way valve (2) from the constant pressure hydraulic oil accumulator (8). The high-pressure oil flow in the high-speed pushes the jack-up cylinder piston (1) upward, the multi-head piston (5) also goes up synchronously, and when the multi-head piston (5) turns upward, the exhaust valve press-opening device installed in the cylinder block (31) is The reset spring (32) closes the sub-mother exhaust valve (28), and the entire cylinder is in a closed state, and the entire compression process is completed under the action of the jacking cylinder (1).

Figure 8 and Figure 9 show that during the upward compression of the multi-head piston (5), the jack-up cylinder piston (1) rises to the fuel injection sensor (33), and the fuel injection sensor (33) begins to command the oil-gas mixing nozzle ( 34) Spraying the atomized mixed oil and gas into the cylinder and mixing it with the air in the cylinder to achieve the optimum air-fuel ratio. When the jacking cylinder (1) continues to rise to the top dead center of the multi-head piston (5), the operation control computer (30) immediately Electronically controlled time difference three-way valve with lifting cylinder (1) (2) When the command is turned off and the ignition command is issued at the same time, the oil and gas mixture in the cylinder is instantaneously ignited, the combustion gas expands violently, and the multi-head piston (5) is pushed down at a high speed, and acts on the plunger pump of the same body, because the plunger type oil pump is adopted. The constant pressure is equal to the output, and the cylinder work is the combustion mode. The pressure acting on the surface of the multi-head piston (5) is reduced as the cylinder capacity becomes larger. Therefore, the initial pressure of the piston is that the plunger pump cannot Instantly absorbed, the jacking cylinder (1) should be in the returning state when the piston is working down. In order to use this instantaneous excess pressure, the oil returning from the jacking cylinder (1) is introduced into the pulse oil turbine motor (35). Thereby driving the high-speed turbo air booster (23); the high-speed turbo air booster (23) driven by the pulse oil turbine motor (35) requires a large amount of power at the start-up moment, and the energy consumption after the start-up is greatly reduced. The pressurized air enters the cylinder to act as a booster, so that the multi-headed piston engine assembly continuously performs work.

 The lubrication system of the new engine assembly is divided into two parts: Figure 10 to Figure 11 show the hydraulic cylinder during the ascent or descent. A part of the hydraulic oil remains on the cylinder plug wall due to the adhesion of the hydraulic oil, and it will function as a self-lubricating function in the reciprocating motion of the hydraulic cylinder.

 Figure 11 shows the lubricating oil passage (36) provided on the multi-head piston (5). Under the vacuum suction of the piston, the lubricating oil is injected into the lubricating cavity (37) formed by the lower surface of the piston and the cylinder seat along the lubricating oil passage. To the secondary lubrication, the lubrication effect is increased; when the piston is descending, the lubrication is returned to the lubricating oil tank (38) along the lubricating oil passage (36) under the pressure of the lower surface of the piston.

Figure 1 to Figure 12 show the coordination and control principle of the new engine assembly system. Before the vehicle starts, the electronically controlled time difference three-way valve (2) is first opened, and the hydraulic oil from the high pressure oil circuit will be the multi-head piston (5). Ascending upward, performing a compression action, when the jacking cylinder (1) is operated to the fuel injection sensor (33), the fuel injection sensor (33) is activated to act and the fuel injection action request is issued with the operation control computer (30) to operate The control computer (30) then issues an instruction, and the oil-gas mixing nozzle (34) ejects the oil and gas mixture into the cylinder, wherein the oil and gas mixture The gas in the type nozzle (34) is from the secondary high pressure air cylinder (18), which is beneficial to the gas pressure in the cylinder. At the same time, the electronically controlled time difference three-way valve (2) is delayed for a certain time to close, and its closing time and long head The piston (5) reaches the top dead center time synchronization, and once the electronically controlled time difference three-way valve (2) is closed, the multi-head piston (5) no longer rises; the jacking cylinder (1) is now in phase with the ignition sensor (3) At the same time, the metal conductive post (44) installed in the metal conductive sleeve (45) slides up along the inner wall of the metal conductive sleeve (45), and the operation control computer (30) then issues an ignition command, the power switch ( 47) Closed, the high voltage generator (46) emits high voltage, and an electric spark is generated at the high voltage igniter (4). The oil and gas in the cylinder are instantaneously ignited, and the burning gas expands rapidly, pushing the piston and driving the same body. The jacking cylinder (1) descends at a high speed, and the cylinder work is a deflagration mode. The pressure acting on the piston surface is reduced as the cylinder capacity becomes larger. The jacking cylinder (1) introduces excess return oil into the pulse oil. turbine Up to (35), the pulse oil turbine motor (35) is operated to drive the high-speed turbo air booster (23) to operate, the pressurized air enters the cylinder air passage (19), and the piston descends to the top-pressure cylinder valve The sensor (26) drives the valve connecting rod (27) to operate. First, the sub-exhaust valve is opened, and a part of the excess pressure is removed, and then the female exhaust valve is opened, and the gas flows out from the exhaust pipe (29) because the mother-in-law The exhaust vent (28) is opened earlier than the intake valve, and the cylinder continues to descend. When the valve ram (39) is in contact with the valve bottom column (22), the airway valve opens and the pressurized air flows in. In the cylinder; when the cylinder runs to the bottom dead center, in order to prevent the multi-head piston (5) from descending the top cylinder, the bottom plane of the multi-head piston (5) touches the damper (42) installed on the upper part of the lubricating oil passage, and the lubricating oil drain passage is closed. At this time, the lubricating oil cylinder is in a sealed state, thereby effectively preventing the multi-headed piston (5) from continuing to descend. After the operation control computer (30) receives the reset command, it sends an upward command to the multi-head piston (5), the piston immediately ascends, the cone of the damper (42) is pulled back to the original position by the return spring, and the lubricating oil inlet is opened. The state, so repeated, achieves lubrication and damping functions. When the piston and the top pressure cylinder gas The door sensor (26) is phase separated, and the mother-and-air exhaust valve (28) is reset by the return spring (32); since the intake pressure is greater than the air pressure in the cylinder, when the piston is turned to the up period, the top pressure type The intake valve (20) will not close immediately. When the intake pressure and the pressure in the cylinder are balanced, the top pressure intake valve (20) will automatically close under its own gravity to prepare for the next action.

Claims

Claim  A multi-head piston type automobile engine assembly, characterized in that: the multi-headed piston means that a piston having two or more different functions is placed in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine.