WO2009043345A2 - Multivalent nitrogen-phosphate (n-p) fertilizer based on renewable raw materials of animal origin, and method for the production thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a multivalent nitrogen-phosphate fertilizer based on renewable raw materials of animal origin in the form of cow and/or pig bones. Said fertilizer is a mineralized nitrogen-phosphate (N-P) fertilizer comprising 65 to 70 percent of very finely ground meat bone meal from which the fat has been removed and which has a grain size of ≤ 30 μm, and 30 to 35 percent of phosphoric acid, converted in a thermal-chemical reaction process into 28 to 40 percent of a mineral acid-soluble phosphate or 18 to 32 percent of a water-soluble phosphate and 4 to less than 6 percent of nitrogen. In order to produce a multivalent nitrogen-phosphate fertilizer, the fat is removed from the animal bones that are used, and the animal bones are then very finely ground, are mixed in a special mixer while phosphoric acid is added, the water-insoluble tricalcium phosphate (TCP) is converted into a water-plant-soluble monocalcium phosphate (MCP) while the remaining proteins of the feedstock are converted/agglomerated into mineral nitrogen N, and the chemical reactions take place in a special mixer/granulator in intervals of up to 20 minutes or in a reactor/agglomerator in a matter of seconds, resulting in a usable nitrogen-phosphate fertilizer.

Description

 Multivalent nitrogen phosphate fertilizer (N-P fertilizer) based on renewable raw materials of animal origin and process for its preparation

The invention relates to a multivalent nitrogen phosphate fertilizer (N-P fertilizer) based on renewable raw materials of animal origin and to a method for producing the N-P fertilizer.

It is well known that phosphate fertilizers and feeds are made from apatites and phosphorites as well as phosphoric acid. These natural resources are very limited and considering the high demand and the environmental conditions, it is urgently advised to implement other ways of producing, for example, fertilizers.

It is also known that TCP (Tri-Calcium Phosphate) or DCP (Di-Calcium Phosphate) derived from animal bones is used to produce a phosphate fertilizer. However, such fertilizers are extremely limited use in agriculture, since they are almost insoluble in water and have only a very low plant availability, which sets only after years.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a multivalent NP fertilizer based on renewable raw materials of animal origin and likewise, the invention has the object to develop a method for producing such a fertilizer, for the production of renewable raw materials uses animal origin and the current statutory provisions, such as the Fertilizer Ordinance.

According to the invention this object is achieved with the features of claims 1 and 2.

Particular embodiments and advantageous solutions are specified in the subclaims. Thus, an NP fertilizer was created, which is a mineralized nitrogen-phosphate fertilizer, which is made from a micronized meat bone meal and using in particular phosphoric acid.

Meatbone meal is a meat bone meal obtained from bovine and / or porcine animal bones, which is subjected to degreasing and subsequent comminution with fine particle sizes <30 μm and in proportions of 65 to 70% in the production process.

The proportion of phosphoric acid used is 30 to 35% proportions.

In the manufacturing process, which is based on a thermo-chemical process, the use of phosphoric acid in meat-bone meal contains proteins (proteins) to form mineralized nitrogen (N) and Tn-calcium phosphate (TCP), which is hardly soluble in water or plants is converted to water-soluble mono-calcium phosphate (MCP), which is immediately available to the plants.

Thus, after the process, a new N-P fertilizer with nitrogen content of 4 to <6% and a mineral acid-soluble phosphate in proportions of 28 to 40%, or as readily water-soluble available phosphate in proportions of 18 to 32% prepared.

The phosphoric acid (orthophosphoric acid) used has technical fertilizer quality and has contents of P ₂ O ₅ : 56 to 59%,

H ₂ SO ₄ : max. 2.5%,

Heavy metals: max. 1 %. A NP fertilizer produced in this way complies with the conditions and legal requirements of the German Fertilizer Ordinance. This fertilizer can be applied in this form directly, including as so-called "head fertilizer" on agricultural land.

It has been considered in the development of the multivalent N-P mineral fertilizer that a conversion of organic proteins (proteins) through a special mineralization process than nitrogen (N) in the agricultural soil, i. is available for seed / plant.

The particularly important component phosphate - in the form of tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) - has a water solubility of only 2% and is therefore not available for the plant. Only after a multi-year storage and conversion process by soil bacteria, a fertilizer effect occurs.

The proposed multivalent N-P fertilizer according to the invention, produced on the basis of organic-animal-renewable raw materials (meat bones), meets all conditions and agricultural requirements for rapid water solubility and plant availability.

This conversion takes place in a thermo-chemical reaction process with the introduced input products and phosphoric acid.

This is done

the conversion of the proportional tri-calcium phosphate into mono-calcium phosphate according to the condition

Ca ₃ (PO ₄ ) ₂ + 4H ₃ PO ₄ 2 H ₂ O 3 Ca (H ₂ PO ₄ ) ₂ ^' H ₂ O,

mineralizing the proportionate proteins by converting the proteins as well as low molecular weight peptides and amino acids into an immediate form of Plant availability using the example of the conversion of protein into a phosphorus protein according to the condition

R OH i ii I Il I /

H ₁ N - CC - N - C - C - N - C - C + H, PCv 2H ₂ OI 1 IIIH \ HHHH

protein

This thermo-chemical reaction takes place in a reactor / agglomerator. The components of the feedstock are combined via differential feeders and metering pumps in a special mixer in the stoichiometric ratio, mixed thoroughly and brought to complete reaction. Both streams are interconnected so that

- If there is a failure or deviation from the setpoint range, the process is interrupted to avoid faulty batches

- When a change in quantity of one component at the same time the other component is changed accordingly.

The product thus obtained is dried in a drum dryer, as fine granules in the grain 0 to 3 mm and / or in a pelleting press to the required particle size, eg. B. 4.0 - 6.0 mm, filled in Big Bag for intermediate storage and provided for shipment. The degreasing of the meat bone meal is carried out by degreasing methods such as hot water, hexane, press or an enzymatic degreasing.

It is advantageous after preparation of a nitrogen-phosphate fertilizer that, taking into account the crops to be cultivated and the existing classes of soil value, a multicomponent fertilizer of the desired category can be produced by a selected metering / admixture of ammonium sulfate.

Thus, in a preferred embodiment, and here comes a significant advantage to bear, by a metered admixture of ammonium sulfate (NH _t ) ₂ SO ₄ to the newly created NP fertilizer of N-nitrogen content significantly increased and beyond the component S - Sulfur with introduced into the NP fertilizer, so that the result is a multi-component fertilizer, an NPS fertilizer, a nitrogen-phosphate-sulfur fertilizer.

In a further preferred and advantageous embodiment, the newly created NP fertilizer can be admixed with a potassium sulfate (K ₂ SO ₄ ) obtained from renewable raw materials of plant origin, so that the end product is an NP fertilizer with the component potassium sulfate available as nitrogen-phosphate potassium sulfate fertilizer or even four components, namely nitrogen, phosphate, sulfur and potassium sulfate can be extended, thus a multi-component NPS-K fertilizer is available, which in its production, taking into account the use of this fertilizer, again dependent on the agricultural soil and crops.

With the following embodiment, the invention is explained in more detail.

The accompanying drawing shows in

FIG. 1: a technological production block diagram for the production of NP fertilizer from renewable raw materials of animal origin, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of preferred embodiments for the preparation of multivalent organic mineral N-P fertilizers by metered admixtures of additional fertilizer components.

The meat bone meal used is made from beef and / or pork meat bones. These meat bones are usually made of 36% TCP, 14% proteins, 15% fats and about 35% residual water and are processed in a known manner to meat bone meal. This is followed by degreasing and grinding to bone meal with subsequent drying.

The degreasing can be carried out using known methods, such as hot-water degreasing, hexane degreasing, press degreasing or enzymatic degreasing.

The recovered grease is separated and sent to the chemical industry for re-use or alternatively used to convert biodiesel and further to diesel electric power generation. The extracted water is discharged as wastewater. The thus created meat bone meal can be stored before its further processing or fed directly via a Feinstmahlung and dosing the special mixer in which the chemical reactions and mineralization occur.

In parallel, the acid to be used is added directly or after storage via the dosage in the Speziahnischer / granulator on the basis of the chemical reactions take place in the special mixer. In this described process sequence phosphoric acid is used.

The chemical reactions proceed by converting the proteins of the feedstocks into mineralized nitrogen and the water-insoluble tri-calcium phosphate into a water-soluble and available mono-calcium phosphate. Immediately after these chemical reactions, the drying follows, resulting in an organic-mineral NP fertilizer, the one above has advantages described and can be used directly as fertilizer in this form.

Depending on the structure of the N-P fertilizer and considering its use, this newly created N-P fertilizer may be stored before and after storage

Sale also, alternatively be subjected to pelleting.

The multivalent design and thus resulting advantageous embodiments of the mineral N-P fertilizer are achieved by additions of additives, as can be seen from the block diagram of Figure 2.

The starting point is the newly created organic-mineral NP fertilizer, to which an ammonium sulfate (NILOzSO _{4) is} added according to the second variant, ie the organic-mineral NP fertilizer and the ammonium sulphate are fed into the special mixer where they are mixed and submerged granulated or pelletized certain process conditions, so that after these steps, an NPS fertilizer, a nitrogen-phosphate-sulfur fertilizer is available.

Another variant for the creation of an organic-mineral N-P fertilizer with the addition of potassium is shown as a third variant in the block diagram of FIG.

Again, the starting material is the newly created organic-mineral NP fertilizer, which is present in the special mixer and to which a potassium sulfate (K ₂ SO ₄ ) is added.

After completion of metering and mixing of the N-P fertilizer with potassium sulfate as mixed granules or compacting / pelleting, an N-P-K fertilizer is present.

The varied variation possibilities of the created mineral N-P fertilizer also result from the fourth variant according to the block diagram according to FIG. 2.

It is shown that to form a multivalent NP fertilizer with components of sulfur and potassium, the mineral NP fertilizer has a potassium Sulphate (K ₂ SO ₄ ) and an ammonium sulfate [(NHU) ₂ SO ₄ ] are mixed and after the production process is a multi-component nitrogen-phosphate-sulfur-potassium fertilizer available.

Claims

claims 1. Multivalent nitrogen-phosphate fertilizer based on renewable raw materials of animal origin in the form of bovine and / or porcine animal bones, characterized in that the multivalent fertilizer is a mineralized nitrogen phosphate fertilizer (NP fertilizer) consisting of defatted, micromilled meat bone meal with a particle size <30 μm in proportions of 65 to 70% and phosphoric acid in proportions of 30 to 35% - converted in a thermo chemical reaction process - to a mineral acid-soluble phosphate in a proportion of 28 to 40% or a water-soluble phosphate in proportions of 18 to 32% and nitrogen contents 4 to <6%. 2. A process for the preparation of a multivalent nitrogen-phosphate fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that - the animal bones used are subjected to degreasing and, subsequently, to ultrafine grinding, - mixed in a special mixer with addition of phosphoric acid, the TCP, the water-insoluble tri-calcium phosphate, is converted into a water-soluble MCP, a mono-calcium phosphate, and the residual proteins of the feedstocks are converted into mineral nitrogen N, - the chemical reactions in the special mixer / granulator in periods of up to 20 min. or in a reactor / agglomerator within seconds and, as a result, an applicable nitrogen-phosphate fertilizer is available. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the degreasing of the used animal bones by means of a hot water, hexane, press or an enzymatic degreasing takes place. 4. Process according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that at the end of the chemical reactions in the reactor / agglomerator, the conversion of the proportional tri-calcium phosphate into mono-calcium phosphate according to the condition Ca ₃ (PO ₄ ) ₂ + 4H ₃ PO ₄ 2 H ₂ O 3 Ca (H ₂ PO ₄ ) ₁ H ₂ O he follows. 5. Process according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that mineralizing the proportionate proteins by converting the proteins as well as low-molecular peptides and amino acids into an immediate form of plant availability using the example of the conversion of protein into a phosphor protein after the condition

Pfolβln _HJN

pnosphoφrouω

he follows. 6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that as a result of the fine comminution of the degreased animal bones, particles / grain structures with large surfaces are formed and thus the agglomeration, the mineralization takes place at reaction times in the range of seconds.