WO2008131643A1 - Method and apparatus for combined recycling of waste polymer material or joint production with carbon black - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for combined recycling of waste polymer material or joint production with carbon black Download PDFInfo
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- WO2008131643A1 WO2008131643A1 PCT/CN2008/000844 CN2008000844W WO2008131643A1 WO 2008131643 A1 WO2008131643 A1 WO 2008131643A1 CN 2008000844 W CN2008000844 W CN 2008000844W WO 2008131643 A1 WO2008131643 A1 WO 2008131643A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- rubber
- waste
- powder
- carbon black
- oil
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
- C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
- C08J11/10—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
- C08J11/12—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by dry-heat treatment only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
- B29B17/0404—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling to powder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
- B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
- B29B2017/0231—Centrifugating, cyclones
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
- B29B2017/0424—Specific disintegrating techniques; devices therefor
- B29B2017/0484—Grinding tools, roller mills or disc mills
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2021/00—Use of unspecified rubbers as moulding material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Definitions
- the recycling of polymer materials has become an important industrial category in today's society.
- the main branches are: the recycling of waste rubber such as used tires, the regeneration of waste plastics and so on.
- the main branching methods are as follows: the use of closed heating and sulfur reduction, plasticizing processing, ie, reclaimed rubber method, to produce reclaimed rubber products; using crushing processing method to produce rubber powder products; using thermal cracking processing method, Production of pyrolysis oil, combustible gas, pyrolysis carbon black (slag) and steel wire products;
- the main branching methods are: using hot extrusion processing to produce recycled plastic particle products; using pyrolysis processing to obtain pyrolysis oil, combustible gas, tar residue products;
- Waste tires account for about 80% of the total amount of waste rubber recovered. When using recycled tires as raw materials, when producing recycled rubber and rubber powder products, it will be crushed from waste tires and sieved out to about the weight of used tires. 40% of the shredded fiber skeletons such as steel wire, nylon, cotton, etc., and about 10 to 30% of rubber powder particles are also contained in these chopped fiber materials. For the use of such chopped fiber materials, there are steel wire re-steel steelmaking, steel wire grit steel grit; nylon chopped fiber hot extrusion granulation, nylon chopped fiber filled plastic products, etc.; The composition of the fiber material is too messy, and the separation is often not worth the loss.
- waste rubber such as waste tires as raw material
- the normal temperature pulverization method to produce a finer 40 mesh rubber powder product and its integrated device there are two types, one is the fine pulverizer in the integrated device used on the drum surface.
- a unit machine provided with a hard rough working mechanism that is, a so-called grinding wheel process
- a type of fine pulverizer using a unit machine provided with a rotating flat or taper surface shearing disc mechanism that is, a so-called shear grinding disc process
- the characteristics of the grinding wheel process and its integrated device are - a.
- the finely pulverized rubber can not be 5 ⁇ 30 mesh coarse powder, it must be a large block of 50 ⁇ 800;
- the finely pulverized rubber shall not contain a large amount of hard metal impurities such as steel wire;
- the rubber compound which is finely pulverized cannot be processed into a rubber powder which is finer than 100 mesh;
- the obtained fine rubber powder has poor compatibility with the rubber compound during use, and in the subsequent treatment of the fine rubber powder, no plasticizing treatment process and equipment are provided.
- the finely pulverized rubber must be 5 ⁇ 30 mesh coarse powder, not bulky;
- the finely pulverized rubber shall not contain a large amount of hard metal impurities such as steel wire;
- the mixed particle size rubber powder of 40 ⁇ 120. Under the condition of no powder isolating agent, after the fine pulverization, the mixed particle size rubber powder of 40 ⁇ 120. can be obtained, wherein the rubber powder which is finer than 100 mesh is only about 3 ⁇ 5%;
- the rubber compound which is finely pulverized can be processed into a rubber powder which is finer than 100 mesh;
- the coarse crushing unit machinery matched with the shearing grinding disc process and its integrated device cannot process the rubberized material which is sticky after being rolled into a rubber particle which is finer than 5 mesh and does not adhere, and then finely pulverized.
- the machine is used to produce sticky rubber pellets;
- Waste tires are used as raw materials, processed by thermal cracking, and oil, carbon black (slag) and steel wire are recovered. This kind of scheme is also insufficient.
- the carbon black obtained is a mixture of blocks, granules and powder. It is to be used as a reinforcing agent for elastomers. Now it can only be mechanically coarsely crushed, and then finely pulverized to finer. 500 mesh, and then the process of bagging carbon black powder, this carbon black (slag) treatment scheme makes the thermal cracking treatment of waste rubber and other waste rubber enterprises have serious black dust pollution;
- the waste tire is broken into large pieces or is completely loaded into the thermal cracking furnace or the tower or the kettle or the rotary kiln. There are many gaps between the large rubber compounds, which results in the production capacity of the thermal cracking equipment. air.
- the plastics are processed by thermal cracking to obtain pyrolysis oil and tar residue products.
- This method only has a good market for pyrolysis oil, and the current outlet of tar residue is mainly buried, which causes hidden dangers to the environment.
- waste rubber and plastic products are subjected to thermal cracking treatment to obtain fuel oil, combustible gas, carbon black (slag) and steel wire.
- thermal cracking treatment to obtain fuel oil, combustible gas, carbon black (slag) and steel wire.
- the amount of combustible gas is within an appropriate amount, it can be used as thermal cracking.
- Fuel but if the amount of production is more or less, the existing disposal method is venting or external heating energy, the market price of flammable gas is not high, and the existing methods of disposing flammable gas have insufficient use of high value;
- the production process of the ordinary carbon black is an exothermic process of incomplete combustion.
- the carbon black furnace tail gas has a low calorific value flammable gas, the exhaust gas contains about 10% of hydrogen, about 10% of carbon monoxide and about 0.25% of formazan.
- the calorific value in the tail gas of carbon black furnace is in the range of 2700KJ ⁇ 4600KJ per cubic meter.
- For the recycling of carbon black tail gas it is known that 20% is used as a drying heat source for the carbon black production system, and the remaining 80% of the tail gas is purified by the water washing tower, and 30%-35% of the water is removed and sent to the coke.
- the exhaust gas can be used as a fuel for 11,000 NM 3 of dry-base exhaust per hour.
- the annual collection is equivalent to 1,500 tons of standard coal.
- the preferred disposal method for carbon black furnace tail gas is to convert the physical and chemical heat of the exhaust gas into high-pressure steam by using a waste heat boiler, and then drive the steam turbine to generate electricity, and then use the electricity for the ordinary carbon black production line device, and the excess electricity is then output to the power plant.
- Public commercial power grid After the high-pressure steam is generated by the steam turbine, it becomes low-pressure steam, part of the low-pressure steam is returned to the boiler, and part is used as bath water.
- the recycling of waste rubber and plastic polymer materials is mainly carried out by thermal cracking, fine or ultrafine pulverization, reclaimed rubber, and hot extrusion granulation.
- Waste tires are mechanically crushed, finely or superfinely pulverized to obtain rubber powder; or heat treated with coarse rubber powder, mechanically kneaded, refined to obtain reclaimed rubber, etc., these recycling methods of used tires, in processing A lot of electricity and heat are needed; the hot extrusion granulation of waste plastics also requires a large amount of electricity.
- the object of the present invention is as follows: Firstly, a combined regeneration process of waste polymer materials is proposed to eliminate the deficiencies of the existing recycling processes; and second, the regeneration process of waste polymer materials and ordinary carbon black The production process is combined, and they are combined in a total production system to enable the energy and materials between the ordinary carbon black production and the recycling process of the waste polymer materials to communicate with each other, and to reduce the mass transfer between the production system and the environment; Third, an integrated device for implementing the method of the present invention, that is, for achieving the above two purposes, is provided.
- the present invention specifically: the raw material competition relationship between the two types of processing methods of thermal cracking and non-thermal cracking of waste polymer materials is a synergistic recycling relationship; Have shattered, The improvement of the method of fine pulverization of waste rubber and plastics, and the complementary advantages of the current room temperature pulverization process or the various temperature pulverization and reclaimed rubber branches;
- the present invention also provides a treatment scheme for recycling waste fibers obtained from waste polymer products such as tires and tapes, and products thereof.
- a first object of the present invention is to provide a method for recycling and recycling a combined waste high molecular material which does not generate waste, waste, and dust pollution.
- the waste tar produced by the thermal cracking method can be eliminated, the waste waste fiber generated by the breaking and separating process in the production of the rubber powder and the reclaimed rubber can be eliminated, and the carbon black (slag) generated by the thermal cracking method can be solved, and the carbon black (slag) is not easily utilized, and
- the problem of dust pollution in production can solve the problem that the shearing disc method can not handle the sticky rubber material, and can solve the problem that the grinding wheel method can not process all the materials into fine powder materials and can not handle the materials with rigid skeleton materials. It can solve the problem of poor compatibility of the fine rubber powder obtained by the grinding wheel method with the rubber compound during use, and can solve the problem that the reclaimed rubber method must use a refining step to cause high energy consumption.
- the content of the present invention is specifically:
- the existing ordinary carbon black production process and the recycling process of waste polymer materials are irrelevant, and the energy and materials of each production process cannot be reasonable in each production process.
- Fully exploiting the defects providing a joint production method for the recycling of ordinary carbon black and waste polymer materials, so that the energy and materials between the ordinary carbon black production and the recycling process of waste polymer materials can be used interchangeably. .
- the second object of the present invention is to supply the steam recovered from the exhaust heat of the tail gas through the boiler and the electric energy recovered by the steam turbine to the regeneration processing of the waste polymer material, so that the recovered steam and electric energy are obtained commercially.
- the integrated device for realizing the foregoing first object in the present invention is specifically: taking advantage of the advantages of the two types of processing integrated devices for thermal cracking and non-thermal cracking of waste polymer materials, After combination, it can eliminate its respective deficiencies; to take advantage of the advantages of each branch of the rubber powder and reclaimed rubber, the combination can make up for their respective deficiencies; this also includes providing a rubber powder with higher classification efficiency than the existing mechanical sieve. Particle size grading combination device;
- the integrated device for realizing the foregoing second object in the present invention is specifically: regenerating an integrated device for producing ordinary carbon black, thermal cracking, pulverization, reclaimed rubber, hot extrusion granulation, etc. of waste rubber and plastic polymer materials. Recombination is achieved using an integrated device of one or more processes of processing.
- thermal cracking It involves the combination of two major types of processes: thermal cracking and non-thermal cracking of waste rubber and plastic polymer materials.
- the shearing disc process can directly use the fragile rigid material which is finer than 5 ⁇ 200 for the characteristics of the release agent, and the carbon black obtained by the thermal cracking treatment of the waste rubber is only processed to be finer than 5 ⁇ 250 mesh, eliminating the need for superfine pulverization or / and superfine powder surface treatment, bagging, etc., using carbon black that can pass through 5 ⁇ 250 mesh screen for the shearing disc process of rubber at room temperature pulverization method, making super a mixture of fine powder and carbon black powder; the ultrafine rubber powder in the mixture product can pass through a 100 mesh screen, and the carbon black powder can pass through a 200 mesh screen; the mixture product can be including but not limited to Particle size fractionation or mixing products in the range of 100-200 mesh;
- the two are combined, and at least the ultrafine rubber powder of fineness equal to 100 mesh or the ultrafine rubber powder and the carbon of 200 mesh are obtained by the rubber normal temperature pulverization method.
- Black powder mixture which replaces the high-temperature can-processed coarse rubber powder of the current reclaimed rubber process.
- the current reclaimed rubber can be reduced or eliminated.
- the refining process of the process, the obtained materials can also have the advantages of reclaimed rubber and rubber powder.
- the invention relates to a treatment scheme and a product for recycling the waste fiber obtained from waste polymer products such as tires and tapes, and the specific products thereof include:
- the rubber and oil materials in the coupling layer or the coupling agent should follow the well-known compatibility principle of general rubber, special rubber and plastic.
- the waste gas and/or fuel oil obtained from waste rubber and plastic pyrolysis are supplied to carbon black for carbon source and fuel.
- the concept of the above 1 to 10 is proposed, that is, the improvement of the existing pulverized and fine pulverized waste rubber and plastic method, and the fine grinding process of the shear-grinding rubber in the prior pulverization method It can be combined with the grinding wheel rubber fine pulverization process, or the improved pulverization method can be combined with the thermal cracking method or/and the sulfur-removing, plasticizing and mixing methods to combine the advantages of each method.
- the waste produced by one of the methods can be effectively utilized by another method, and the combined method of the system can eliminate the waste generated by the conventional method independently, for example, the carbon black residue which is independently implemented from the conventional waste rubber and plastic cracking method, The tar residue, the waste fiber obtained from the conventional pulverization method, the excessively thick rubber block, and the fine rubber powder are all recycled in the combined method.
- the pre-processing step of the method of the invention can improve the working efficiency of the subsequent processing steps, for example, the combination of the shear grinding disc type rubber fine pulverizing process and the grinding wheel type rubber fine pulverizing process, thereby improving the production of 100-200 mesh fine rubber powder.
- the rate of the fine grinding process of the shearing disc type rubber, the fine grinding process of the grinding wheel type rubber and the combination of the heating, sulfur breaking, plasticizing and mixing processes, the obtained reclaimed rubber product does not need to be repeatedly masticated, thereby saving energy consumption.
- the combined regeneration process of the first and second objects of the present invention is realized, that is, a whole component utilization, no waste disposal, a process energy consumption bottom, a large number of appreciation products, a large product use, and a multi-strain market treatment method.
- thermal cracking and non-thermal cracking of waste rubber and plastic polymer materials is as follows:
- An integrated device comprising a thermal decomposition of waste polymer materials and performing fine, ultrafine pulverization, or/and processing of sulfur, plasticization, mixing, and the like.
- a sub-assembly device for performing three different treatments on waste polymer materials namely a sub-assembly device A for performing thermal cracking processing on a polymer material, and a sub-combining device for performing processing such as fine or superfine pulverization B, or / and a sub-combination device C that performs processing such as sulfurization plasticization, mixing, kneading, etc., is recombined to become an integrated device containing a combination of A and B or / and C functions.
- sub-device A or combination device A includes: a well-known combination device for performing thermal cracking or the like on a high molecular material.
- sub-device B (hereinafter referred to as sub-device B or combination device ⁇ ), comprises: a known combination device comprising a roller mill, or/and a known combination device comprising a shear mill fine crusher;
- the sub-device ⁇ includes: The present invention combines the grinding wheel assembly device (honing) used in the normal temperature fine or superfine pulverization process currently performed separately, and the shearing disc assembly device ( ⁇ shearing), and then combines them into a joint A combination device (honing, shearing) that performs a fine temperature or ultrafine pulverization process at room temperature.
- sub-device C includes: a well-known combination device for implementing a reclaimed rubber process;
- the sub-device C including:
- the present invention eliminates the reintegration device of the refining processing device from the conventionally known combination device for implementing the reclaimed rubber process.
- the combination between the normal temperature pulverization or the room temperature pulverization and the regenerative glue branch integration device specifically:
- the treated materials can be processed into a combination device (B grinding, shearing) which is finer than 100 mesh rubber powder.
- the apparatus for grinding a grinding wheel and a shearing disc unit according to the above concept 19 The processing material can be processed into a combination device (B grinding, shearing) of at least 100 mesh rubber powder and a known reclaimed rubber.
- the combined device C of the process is combined into an integrated device of (B-grinding, shearing) and C.
- a classification efficiency is higher between the fine or ultrafine powder pulverizer discharge port and/or the subsequent sieving powder collection bin and the mechanical sieve and the fine powder collection bin.
- the combination device of the rubber powder size fractionation section of the mechanical sieve, the rubber powder size fractionation assembly device is characterized in that the particle size classification combination device is composed of a gravity-flow particle classifier and a cyclone separator in series.
- the gravity-flow particle classifier described therein has the following effects, specifically:
- the gravity-flow particle classifier Carrying the mixed particle size rubber powder material into the gravity-flow particle classifier in one wind; at least one section of the gravity-flow particle classifier is required to make the air flow of the mixed-size rubber powder material decelerate in the primary air, so that once The coarse-grained powdery material carried in the airflow can be deposited; the secondary airflow and the gravity-carrying flow of the particulate material meet at the primary deceleration section of the primary wind; no material flows from the secondary airflow to the leakage equipment during shutdown After the airflow of the primary particle carrying the mixed-size rubber powder material collides with the secondary airflow, the coarse particles fall vertically, and the fine particles enter the cyclone separator with the tail wind, and the coarse particles enter the tail air flow to be controllable; At present, the section where the particle size of the rubber powder is only used by the swing sieve or the centrifugal sieve is at least doubled.
- thermal power plant consumes 200 ⁇ 400 grams of standard coal per kilowatt hour, and the standard coal volume per ton can generate steam of 5 ⁇ 7 tons;
- thermal cracking technology can crack waste tire into 45% fuel oil, 35 % carbon black, 10% steel wire, 10% flammable gas;
- the annual rated power of the 10,000-ton waste tire rubber powder is about 960 ;; e. Recycled plastic, the power consumption per ton is in the range of 150-1500 kWh;
- the average power consumption of producing 1 ton of reclaimed rubber is 1200 kWh, and the production of 1 ton (40 ⁇ 80 mesh) of rubber powder consumes an average of 600 dry watts of electricity.
- the power consumption is 200 kWh;
- the average power consumption of producing 1 ton of ultra-fine rubber powder equal to 100 mesh is 500-550 dry watt-hours.
- a method for co-production of a waste rubber or plastic polymer material combination regeneration or regeneration process and a common carbon black phase combination in particular, a technical solution realized by the concepts 1 to 11 of the first object of the present invention, characterized in that:
- the combination of the two major types of treatment processes involving thermal cracking and non-thermal cracking of waste polymer materials includes at least a combination of the following three steps, specifically - step I, performing a cutting or cutting of a part of the waste polymer material or
- the coarse product is processed to obtain the intermediate product group I, and the intermediate product group I includes, but is not limited to: a large rubber block of 50 ⁇ 800x50 ⁇ 800mm waste polymer material, or a waste polymer material particle of 5 ⁇ 200 mesh, or Waste polymer material powder and miscellaneous fiber skeleton;
- Step II performing heat cracking and subsequent processing on another part of the waste polymer material, or/and the miscellaneous fiber skeleton in the intermediate product group I of the step I, to obtain the product group II and the intermediate product group;
- the product group II including: pyrolysis oil or / and its fractionation, distillation products, or metal framework and pyrolysis oil or / and its fractionation, refined product;
- said intermediate group II including: thermal cracking carbon black residue or tar Slag
- Step III mixing the thermally cracked carbon black slag or/and tar residue in the intermediate product group II obtained in the step II with the 5 ⁇ 200 mesh waste polymer material powder in the intermediate product group I obtained in the step I, and implementing the super Finely pulverizing or/and heat-treating, plasticizing, mixing, and obtaining product group I, said product group I, including but not limited to: a mixture of ultrafine rubber powder and carbon black powder, in the mixture
- the ultrafine rubber powder can pass through the 100 mesh screen, and the carbon black powder can pass through the 200 mesh screen; or the colloidal mixture of the pyrolysis carbon black and the plasticized waste polymer material which is finer than 200 mesh;
- the product group I and the product group II can be obtained; the product group I, including but not limited to: a mixture of the ultrafine rubber powder and the carbon black powder, in the mixture Superfine rubber powder Both 100 mesh screens can be passed through, and the carbon black powder can pass through a 200 mesh screen.
- the mixture product can be a particle size fractionated or mixed product including, but not limited to, a range of 100-200 mesh; or a thermal cracking carbon black finer than 200 mesh.
- the ratio of the weight of the thermally cracked carbon black in the intermediate group II is in the range of 100:10 to 900, especially in the range of 100:20 to 60 and 100:400 to 900;
- the ratio of the weight of the tar residue in the intermediate product group II is in the range of 100: 2 to 100, particularly preferably in the range of 100: 2 to 20.
- step II involves the processing of heat cracking of another portion of the waste polymer material together with the chopped fiber skeleton in the intermediate product group I of the step I; and the step III involves the thermal cracking of the carbon in the intermediate product group II obtained in the step II.
- the black slag or/and the tar residue are mixed with the 5 ⁇ 200 mesh waste polymer material powder in the intermediate product group I obtained in the step I, and subjected to ultrafine pulverization or/and heating to break sulfur, plasticize and mix;
- the method for recycling and recycling of waste polymer materials further involves implementing a complementary scheme for each of the current temperature pulverization or room temperature pulverization and reclaimed rubber branches, and the scheme can be independently implemented.
- a 50 ⁇ 800x50 ⁇ 800mm bulk waste polymer material which does not contain harmful impurities such as a metal skeleton is placed in the grinding wheel assembly device.
- the bulk waste polymer material is ground into a mixed rubber powder of 20 ⁇ 200 mesh, and then the non-entrained non-mixed rubber powder may be removed.
- the raw rubber powder is mixed with the powder and other additives to mix and pulverize the operation, and the material is collected and then introduced into the finished product warehouse; Including but not limited to the details equal to 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200 of each hierarchical level or a mixed powder of the finished product, which can be sold as a commodity.
- An advantageous complementary scheme is implemented between the branches of the room temperature pulverizing process, and an improvement scheme of the shearing disc method in the normal temperature pulverizing process, which is characterized in that: it is obtained in a well-known fine grinding process of shearing disc type rubber, It has at least 30% by weight of a mixed particle size rubber powder capable of passing through 200 mesh, and is further pulverized at least once in a shearing disc type rubber fine pulverizer to make it a mixed particle diameter of at least 75% capable of passing 200 mesh.
- Glue powder material This improvement scheme is especially suitable for the crushing operation of rigid materials and polymer materials such as thermal cracking carbon black slag with coarse meshes such as 5 ⁇ 20 mesh, because this solution can effectively avoid the ultrafine pulverization of one-pass machine, often There is a disadvantage that the obtained product has a rigid material such as carbon black which is coarser than 200 mesh.
- the invention further comprises a subsequent plasticizing modification scheme of the fine rubber powder obtained by the grinding wheel pulverization method in the normal temperature pulverizing process, which is characterized in that: in the subsequent processing of the fine rubber powder obtained by the grading process of the grinding wheel pulverizing process, the mixing plasticizing aid is set
- the plasticizing aid is a known material or/and a formulation mixture using a known material, and the fine rubber powder is preferably as small as 100 mesh.
- each branch process implements a complementary complementary scheme, which is characterized by: a classified 50 ⁇ 800x50 ⁇ 800mm bulk waste polymer material containing no harmful impurities such as a metal skeleton, placed in a grinding wheel combination
- a classified 50 ⁇ 800x50 ⁇ 800mm bulk waste polymer material containing no harmful impurities such as a metal skeleton
- the large waste polymer material is ground into a mixed rubber powder of 20 ⁇ 200 mesh, and then the mixed rubber powder may be removed.
- each branch process implements a complementary complementary scheme, which is characterized in that: the rubber powder obtained by pulverizing at room temperature and at least passing through the 100 mesh screen is connected with the well-known reclaimed rubber process, but the well-known The final refining operation in the reclaimed rubber process.
- the polymer material in terms of material classification, refers to: one or one containing rubber, plastic, plastic.
- the method of the present invention further provides a treatment scheme for recycling waste fibers obtained from waste polymer products such as tires and tapes, and is characterized in that: waste fiber and plasticized rubber material or/and The oily material is mixed at a weight ratio of 100:5 to 100 to obtain a felt-like or rubber-like felt-like mixture; the plasticized rubber material and the oil-based material contain at least one or more of the following materials-
- Oily plant kernels, fruit materials including but not limited to: Tung tree seed kernels, olive oil kernels, coconut kernels, cotton seed kernels, rapeseed, peanut kernels, soybeans, palm kernels, safflower seeds, sunflower seeds, Tea kernels, linseed, Suziren, rubber kernels, olive oil, black scorpion kernels, wenwan nuts, mountain almonds, wool seeds, medlar, berberine, eucalyptus, walnut, and samara , one or more combinations of immature pine nuts, etc.;
- Vegetable oils, resins and derivatives including but not limited to: corn germ oil, rice bran oil, cottonseed oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, soybean oil, palm oil, sunflower oil, olive oil, tea oil, coconut Kernel oil, tung oil, linseed oil, black scorpion seed oil, sage oil, restaurant oil, rosin, Taikoo oil, hydrogenated rosin, dehydrogenated rosin, rosin glyceride, rosin pentaerythritol ester, xylene rosin resin, rosin ester, One or more combinations of pine resin, metase resin, eucalyptus resin, peach resin, waste peanut pulp, and the like;
- Degreased slag-containing materials including but not limited to: one or more combinations of oils, oils, fats, fatty acids, or clay slag, which are discarded in the decolorization and purification section of the refinery;
- Common softeners for rubber and plastics including but not limited to: lubricating oil, engine oil, white oil, halogenated paraffin oil, paraffin oil, third-line oil, six-line oil, transformer oil, polybutene oil, C4 ⁇ 18 fatty acid, petroleum jelly , halogenated paraffin, paraffin, beeswax, animal oil, black grease, white grease, odorless asphalt, emulsified asphalt, epoxidized soybean oil, alkyl phenolic resin, bismuth resin, petroleum resin, octyl phenolic resin, ancient horse Long, styrene resin, low molecular weight polyethylene wax, low molecular weight polypropylene wax, stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, pentanol, hexanol, heptanol, octanol, sterol , decadiol, tetradecanol,
- a modified product of vulcanized rubber powder including but not limited to: one or one of a sulfurized rubber powder, a sulfurized plastic compound modified with a vulcanized rubber powder, a recycled rubber emulsion, an emulsion of a rubber powder modified asphalt, and the like. Combination of the above;
- Rubber and plastic emulsions including but not limited to: one or more combinations of rubber emulsion, rubber asphalt emulsion, waste plastic asphalt emulsion, and the like.
- the method may further comprise a product of re-circulating waste fiber, which is characterized by: (waste ratio) of waste fiber and plasticized rubber material or/and oil (100%): 5-100 A felt-like or glue-like, linoleum-like mixture obtained by matching.
- the tail gas generated in the production process with flammable gas and residual heat is recovered by the waste heat boiler, and the steam is converted to supply the heating required for the recycling of the waste rubber and plastic polymer materials;
- the production process of generating combustible gas and residual heat includes, but is not limited to, ordinary carbon black production, coke production, reduction iron making, steel making, and the like.
- the conventional carbon black production process refers to the production of carbon black by using a hydrocarbon as a carbon source, incomplete gas phase combustion or thermal cracking, and the production device is accompanied by a carbon black production process in which combustible heat exhaust gas is discharged.
- waste rubber and plastic polymer materials are reprocessed, including but not limited to the combination of one or more regeneration processes as described below:
- Thermal cracking of used tires thermal cracking of waste rubber, waste plastics, thermal cracking of plastics, recycled rubber from waste tires, recycled rubber from waste rubber, rubber particles from waste tires, powder, rubber particles from waste rubber, powder, waste plastic , plastic particles, powder, waste rubber or / and plastic compound, waste rubber or / and plastic powder;
- the heating required for the recycling of the waste rubber and plastic polymer materials includes, but is not limited to, one or more processing requirements as described below:
- the mechanical power for recycling waste rubber and plastic polymer materials is characterized in that: the electric energy supply is not directly supplied through a commercial power grid.
- An integrated device for implementing the method of the present invention in particular, a technical solution realized by the concepts 15 to 26 of the third object of the present invention, characterized in that it involves two major types of integrated devices, thermal cracking and non-thermal cracking. Combined, specifically:
- a sub-assembly A comprising a process of thermally cracking a waste polymer material, or/and a sub-device B processed by fine or ultra-fine pulverization, or/and a sub-device C processed by a process such as sulfurization plasticization, mixing, etc.
- An integrated device characterized in that: organic combination of sub-devices 8, B, C is obtained, including by sub-devices A and B or/and C in a well-known configuration, by adding and subtracting their respective sub-setting settings After reintegration.
- the sub-device A described therein refers to: thermal cracking of a polymer material to obtain a pyrolysis oil, thermal cracking carbon black, or thermal cracking of carbon black, metal skeleton, pyrolysis oil, or obtaining pyrolysis oil, tar Thermal cracking of products such as slag and devices for pre- and subsequent processing;
- the sub-device B described therein refers to: finely pulverizing the polymer material to obtain a mixed powder of 40-120 mesh, or super-fine pulverization to obtain pulverization and pre-preparation of products such as powders which are finer than 100 mesh,
- the device for subsequent processing wherein the sub-device C refers to: performing processing such as sulfurization, plasticization, mixing, kneading, etc. on the polymer material to obtain plasticization of the plasticized plastic and its pre- and subsequent processing s installation.
- the sub-device A comprises a thermal cracking furnace or a tank or a column or column or a rotary kiln, a "thermal cracking oil” storage silo of "product group I", or a “thermal cracking oil” storage material
- the device B includes a normal temperature fine pulverizer, or a normal temperature fine pulverizer and a coarse crusher, and a "5 ⁇ 200 mesh polymer powder granule" storage silo of the "intermediate product group II", "mechanical fiber skeleton” set.
- Material mechanism, placed in “Product Group II” “thermal cracking carbon black and waste polymer materials are finer than 100 mesh powder” mixture storage bins;
- the apparatus C therein comprises a heat-pressurizable stirred tank or kettle, or a coarse crusher and a heat-pressurizable stirred tank, a kettle, or an internal mixer, or an extruder, and the "intermediate product group” is placed.
- the sub-device A comprises a carbon black processing section of a known thermal cracking kit for treating waste tires, etc.
- the sub-device A comprises a carbon black processing section of a known thermal cracking kit for treating waste tires, etc.
- the sub-device B includes the fine-grained material of the well-prepared finely pulverized or super
- a mechanism for inputting carbon black is disposed between the mechanism of the storage bin or the batching section and the sub-assembly A; and a mechanism for conveying the chopped fibers is disposed between the "heterofiber skeleton" collecting mechanism and the sub-assembly A;
- the sub-assembly C therein includes a fine-grained storage of 200-mesh "thermal cracking carbon black" with sub-assembly A before the known dynamic desulfurization tank or kettle or kneading or extrusion equipment for the production of recycled rubber equipment.
- a mechanism for inputting carbon black is disposed between the silos; and a mechanism for transporting the chopped fibers is disposed between the "heterofiber skeleton" collecting mechanism and the sub-device A.
- the distance between the device - the sulfur can or the kettle or the kneading or extrusion equipment is preferably no more than 200 meters.
- the mechanism for conveying carbon black and miscellaneous fibers in the integrated device refers to: one or a type of a screw conveyor, a scraper conveyor, a chain bucket conveyor, a pipe chain conveyor, an air conveyor, a conveyor truck, and the like. The combination above.
- the mechanism for conveying tar residue in the aforementioned integrated device means: one or a combination of one or more of a conveying pipe, a tank truck, or a carrier when the material is in a solid state.
- the integrated device further includes:
- An operating machine capable of transferring the thermal cracking carbon black which can be passed through the 180-250 mesh screen obtained in the sub-device A to the sub-device B is provided, and 5 to 30 in the carbon black and the sub-device B are disposed.
- the objective powdery granular polymer material is superfinely pulverized into an operating machine finer than a 100 mesh mixture;
- the thermal cracking carbon black which is finer than 200 mesh, preferably finer than 500 mesh, obtained in the sub-device A can be added to the sub-device C, and then mixed with the granular polymer material of 5 to 30 mesh. , become a roller to connect Operating machinery for the gum-like mixture;
- an operating machine capable of carrying out the mixing of the pyrolysis tar slag obtained in the sub-device A into the pulverizing processing sub-unit B and mixing with the mixture powder which has been pulverized into a 100-mesh sieve;
- the hot cracked tar residue obtained in the sub-device A can be transported to the sub-device C, and then formulated with 5 ⁇ 30 mesh powdery granular polymer materials, and then subjected to high-temperature mixing treatment to become a roller.
- an operating machine capable of performing the thermal cracking treatment of the broken and sieved fibers in the sub-device B or the sub-device C and transporting them to the sub-assembly A for thermal cracking.
- step I is completed in a coarse crushing and screening device disposed in front of the core device in the sub-device B or/and the sub-device C of the integrated device; II is completed in the core of the sub-device A of the integrated device and its subsequent supporting processing; wherein the step III is the core in the sub-device B or/and the sub-device C of the integrated device and its subsequent supporting
- a treated apparatus including fine, ultrafine pulverization, mixing, etc. in B, or / and high temperature tanks, mixers, extruders, etc. in C.
- the integrated device for implementing the method of the present invention further relates to a combination setting of B or B and C between the current room temperature pulverizing or normal temperature pulverizing and regenerating rubber branching integrated devices, and the combined setting can be independently implemented, specifically There are: an integrated complementary solution between the integrated devices B used in each branch of the normal temperature pulverization process, which is characterized in that: the storage rubber powder or rubber powder in the well-known grinding wheel type normal temperature fine pulverizing combination device (B roll) is isolated from the powder.
- the grinding disc finely pulverizes the mechanical unit of the core unit, the subsequent mechanical setting, and retains the original mechanical setting of the storage bin of the original (B-roll) in which the rubber powder or the mixture of the rubber powder and the powder release agent is stored;
- An advantageous complementary scheme is implemented between the integrated devices B used in each branch of the room temperature pulverization process, and is characterized by: fine pulverization, wind-driven spiral separation of pulverized materials in a known shear-grinding type rubber fine pulverizing combination device (B-shear) After the exit, at least one set of the mechanism of pulverizing and wind-extracting materials which are mechanically connected in series by the shear-grinding type fine pulverization and the wind-guided spiral separation unit is set, and the conventionally known shear-grinding type rubber fine pulverizing combination device (B- The first-stage fine pulverization in the stage shear is set to at least a fine pulverization setting containing two stages in series, that is, a combined device (B secondary shear);
- a modification scheme for the plasticizing treatment device for the fine rubber powder is added, which is characterized in that: after the classification device in the grinding wheel assembly device (B grinding), the setting can be added.
- a plasticizing aid, a mixing machine the machine includes at least a mixing machine, a kneading machine, a mixing screw machine, a material tank for placing a plasticizing agent, and a rubber powder mixture, or the like.
- the B and C between the room temperature pulverizing and reclaiming rubber sub-devices implement a complementary complementary scheme, which is characterized in that: at least 60% of the storage of the fine pulverizing combination device (rolling roll) or / and ( ⁇ shear) at room temperature is over 100%.
- a material guiding device is arranged between the rubber powder storage bin of the mesh screen and the coarse rubber powder storage bin or/and the high temperature tank or/and the internal mixer or/and the screw machine in the known reclaimed rubber combination device C;
- the guiding mechanism also refers to: one or more combinations of a screw conveyor, a scraper conveyor, a chain bucket conveyor, a pipe chain conveyor, a gas conveyor, and a conveyor carrier.
- a classification efficiency is higher between the fine or superfine pulverizer discharge port and/or the subsequent sieving powder collection bin and the mechanical sieve and the fine powder collection bin than the existing mechanical sieve only.
- the rubber particle size fractionation assembly device is composed of a cyclone separator 1 and a gravity to air flow particle classifier;
- the gravity-flow particle classifier described therein is preferably characterized in that it is used in the following form, specifically: a primary air inlet duct 2 is provided, and a primary air carrying a mixed particle size rubber powder is introduced into the gravity-flow air particle classification.
- Set the deceleration section 3 to slow down the primary wind speed to separate and deposit the coarse and heavy rubber particles; set the horizontal or upwardly inclined tail passage 4 to separate from the gravity-flow particle classifier When the fine particles are gone, try not to take the coarse rubber powder; set the secondary air inlet duct 5 inclined or vertically downward to prevent the material from leaking out during the stop; at the perigee of the deceleration section 3, set The intersection of the secondary airflow and the gravity flow of the particulate material collides with the collision point 6, the intersection collision point 6 is at least one set in the gravity-flow particle classifier; the coarse particles separated in the gravity-flow particle classifier are set vertically The falling lane 7 flows out of the gravity ⁇ airflow particle classifier.
- the method further includes:
- the collision point between the secondary air flow and the gravity flow of the granular material is 6, and the collision angle of the two flows is preferably less than or equal to 90°, and the departure angle after the collision of the two flows is preferably greater than or equal to 120°;
- the flow segment that decelerates the primary wind specifically, the air passage is set such that the linear velocity of the primary wind is slower than the primary wind before the airflow is set in the air passage, that is, the section is set.
- the cross-sectional area of the air duct is larger than the cross-sectional area of the air duct of the section.
- An energy and material conveying mechanism is disposed between the carbon black production unit E and the production equipment A or / and B or / and C or / and D of the secondary rubber and plastic secondary recycling processing;
- Waste heat recovery steam storage package in carbon black production unit E and production equipment for waste rubber and plastic secondary utilization processing thermal cracking A or / and rubber powder B or / and reclaimed rubber C or / and extrusion granulation D
- thermo cracking A or / and rubber powder B or / and reclaimed rubber C or / and extrusion granulation D Between the turbine generator or / and the steam pack, or / and (in the reclaimed rubber B) between the sulfur-reducing heating tank is provided with a pipeline for conveying steam;
- the integrated device for implementing the method of the present invention is preferably provided with dustproof, muffling, exhaust gas purification, water treatment mechanism, and automatic control mechanism.
- the industrial department may select one or more combinations according to the needs of the present invention, and of course, the full implementation is the best.
- the positive significance of the invention lies in: combining the independent methods of secondary recycling and recycling of waste rubber and plastic polymer materials in the present market, so that their advantages and disadvantages can make up for each other, and the whole waste rubber and plastic polymer can be made.
- the material recycling industry has stepped into clean, full-component, high-value utilization channels.
- carbon black producers participate in waste rubber and plastic polymer materials.
- the recycling industry has its own industrial advantages. When the carbon black production equipment is combined with the waste rubber and plastic polymer material recycling equipment, it can also make the waste rubber and plastic polymer materials recycling industry into energy-saving, clean and complete. A better state of use of components and high value.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an integrated apparatus of Embodiment 1;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an integrated apparatus of Embodiment 2;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an integrated apparatus of Embodiment 3;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an integrated apparatus of Embodiment 4.
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an integrated apparatus of Embodiment 6;
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an integrated apparatus of Embodiment 7;
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an integrated apparatus of Embodiment 8;
- FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a rubber particle size-grading combination machine according to 24 to 1 in the embodiment 24;
- 13 is a schematic diagram of an integrated device of Embodiment 25; and
- FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of an integrated device of Embodiment 26.
- the method for recycling combined regeneration in the present embodiment relates to a combination of thermal cracking and ultrafine pulverized polymer material recycling branch processing, and an integrated device used in the same, and the method has the following three steps:
- the embodiment is specifically:
- Step I taking 175 parts by weight of the scrap tire of the car, placing it in the batch pretreatment section of the sub-device B in the integrated device, and first breaking it into about 5 cm X 5 cm by the shear crusher in the sub-assembly device B. The pieces are further crushed, sieved, fiber-captured, and magnetically separated by a groove roller machine and a vibrating screen and a magnetic separator.
- the intermediate product group I is obtained, in the middle of the example.
- the product group I comprises: a 20-mesh car waste tire rubber 100 parts by weight and a steel wire, nylon fiber, rubber powder mixture 75 parts by weight;
- Step II taking 70 parts by weight of a 5 cm X 5 cm car scrap tire block and 75 parts by weight of the steel wire, nylon fiber, and rubber powder mixture obtained in the step I, and placing the same in the sub-device in the integrated device In the section, put the crushed rubber block and the mixture of steel wire, fiber and rubber powder into the batching bucket, and then mix the proper amount of the known catalyst into the material (for example: 0.5 part of diatomaceous earth, 0.5 part of silica-alumina molecular sieve, or waste rubber cracked carbon).
- the material for example: 0.5 part of diatomaceous earth, 0.5 part of silica-alumina molecular sieve, or waste rubber cracked carbon.
- the oil vapor is discharged through the top of the furnace, and then subjected to alkali absorption, fixed bed, catalytic cracking, condensation, and separation processes to obtain pyrolysis diesel, gasoline, gas, gas, and then used to support the combustion of the pyrolysis furnace, and the heat obtained by condensation separation Pyrolysis of diesel oil and gasoline into the oil storage tank; carbon is discharged through the bottom outlet of the furnace, and after cooling, coarse crushing, magnetic separation, sieving, fine crushing, etc., steel wire and fine carbon with a particle size of 180-250 mesh can be obtained.
- the steel wire is taken in the steel wire hopper, and the obtained fine carbon black is collected in the fine carbon black collection bin; after the operation of step II, the product group II and the intermediate product group II are obtained, the product group II,
- This example refers to: 49 parts by weight of steel wire and 45 parts by weight of pyrolysis oil; the intermediate product group II, which is obtained in this example: 30 parts by weight of fine carbon black which can pass through a sieve of 180-250 mesh Step III, taking 30 parts by weight of the pyrolysis fine carbon black in the obtained intermediate product group II and 100 parts by weight of the 20-mesh car waste tire rubber particles in the intermediate product group I obtained in the step I, and placing them in the integrated device Super in sub-device B In the batching section before the fine pulverizer, pour them into the formula material mixer, stir them and then introduce them into the high-level collection bin of the ultra-fine pulverized material.
- the mixture material is introduced into the elastomer fine pulverizer through the drop tube, and the material is guided by the wind guide.
- Duct, cyclone separation, sieving treatment 130 parts by weight of a mixture of thermally cracked carbon black and waste tire rubber powder of 100 mesh sieves, which was collected into a 100 mesh mesh rubber powder and carbon black mixture.
- the carbon black and rubber powder mixture passing through the 100 mesh sieve is much less dusty than the pure carbon black, and it can be used in the rubber product industry to replace the rubber powder, carbon black, zinc oxide or reclaimed rubber, A collection of equal amounts of carbon black and zinc oxide, which is one of the contents included in the product group I of the present invention.
- a sub-device A comprising a process for performing thermal cracking on a waste tire, and a sub-device B for performing processing such as normal temperature breaking and pulverization with a waste tire, and an integrated device, characterized in that: a known device A and B are used as sub-devices. Performing an organic combination, based on the well-configured sub-devices A and B, by adding or subtracting the re-integration of their respective sub-sets;
- the sub-device A is obtained by adding and subtracting the original matching settings by the well-known thermal cracking integrated device A.
- the sub-device A comprises: capable of performing thermal cracking on the waste tire to obtain thermal cracking carbon black and metal.
- the sub-device ⁇ is obtained by adding and subtracting the original matching settings by using a well-known ultra-fine rubber powder device, and the sub-device ⁇ includes: a formula for stirring 20-piece waste tire rubber particles and fine carbon black.
- Material mixer to be ultra-fine pulverized material collection bin, to carry out ultra-fine pulverization to obtain a core device finer than 100 mesh powder product - shear-grinding rubber fine pulverizer, and waste tires set before the core device Crusher, coarse crushing, sieving, magnetic separation crusher, groove stick machine, oscillating screen, magnetic separator, fiber trap, steel wire, nylon fiber aggregate bin, and subsequent support for 100 mesh powder products a treatment device, such as: a cyclone, a dust collector, a centrifugal sieve, and a silo of a mixture of carbon black and rubber powder that has been stored through a 100 mesh sieve;
- the arrangement of the integrated device used in this embodiment further includes: setting a screw conveying mechanism between the fine carbon black collecting bin of the sub-device and the formula mixing machine of the waste tire colloid of the sub-device B; A mechanism for conveying the pulverized fibers is disposed between the steel wire, the smashed fiber hopper, and the batching hopper of the thermal cracking reactor of the sub-assembly A.
- Sub-device A including:
- a screw conveyor is provided between the fine carbon black collection bin of the sub-assembly A and the formulation mixer of the waste tire rubber of the sub-assembly B.
- the method for recycling and recycling used in the embodiment relates to a combination of thermal cracking, sulfurization, plasticization, and the like, and a combination of the recycling process of waste polymer materials, and an integrated device thereof, and the following three processes are used. The steps are combined, and the embodiment is specifically:
- Step I taking 175 parts by weight of the car waste tire, and placing it in the dynamic sealed heating tank pre-treatment section of the sub-device C in the integrated device, first breaking it into a compact by the shear crusher in the sub-combination device C 5cm X 5cm pieces, and then use the groove stick machine and the oscillating screen and magnetic separator to further crush, sieving and magnetically separate the 5cm X 5cm rubber block to obtain the intermediate product I.
- the intermediate product group described in this example I includes: 100 ⁇ 40 parts of scrap car tire rubber particles and 75 parts by weight of steel wire, nylon fiber and rubber powder mixture.
- Step II taking 70 parts by weight of 5 cm X 5 cm car scrap tire pieces and 75 parts by weight of the steel wire, nylon fiber, rubber powder mixture obtained in the step I, and the waste tire heat in the sub-device A in the integrated device
- the feed treatment section before the cracking furnace put the crushed rubber block and the mixture of steel wire, fiber and rubber powder into the feeding hopper, and then mix the known amount of the catalyst into the material (the same as in the example 1.), stir and use the spiral
- the feeder pushes the material into the thermal cracking furnace, and the material is retained in the furnace at 300 ⁇ 400 °C for about 30 ⁇ 40min, and becomes charcoal and oil vapor;
- a plastic bag mainly made of waste polyethylene and polypropylene is placed in the feed processing section in front of the waste plastic thermal cracking furnace in the sub-assembly A in the integrated device, and the waste plastic bag is placed.
- the well-known catalyst amount into the material (the same as in Example 1.), stir the sputum and then push the material into the thermal cracking furnace with the screw feeder.
- the material is in the range of 350 ⁇ 42 (TC stays in the furnace for about 2h). , turned into tar residue and oil vapor;
- the oil vapor in the two furnaces is respectively discharged, condensed and separated by the top of the furnace to obtain pyrolysis oil and gas, and the gas is used to support the combustion of the two thermal cracking furnaces, and the pyrolysis oil obtained by the condensation separation is introduced into the oil storage tank;
- the charcoal in the waste tire thermal cracking furnace is discharged, cooled, coarsely crushed, magnetically selected, sieved, finely pulverized, bagged and dust-collected by the bottom outlet of the furnace, and the steel wire and the ultrafine particle size finer than 500 mesh sieve can be obtained.
- Carbon black, the steel wire is collected in the steel wire hopper, and the ultra-fine carbon black is collected in the ultra-fine carbon black collection bin;
- the tar residue in the waste plastic thermal cracking furnace is discharged through the bottom outlet of the furnace and collected in the storage tank of the tar residue;
- the product group II and the intermediate product group II are obtained, and the product group II, the present example refers to: 49 parts by weight of the steel wire and 135 parts by weight of the pyrolysis oil; the intermediate product group II, This example is obtained: 30 parts by weight of ultrafine carbon black having a particle size finer than a 500 mesh sieve, and 10 parts by weight of tar residue.
- Step III taking 10 parts by weight of the tar residue in the intermediate product group II obtained in the step II and 100 parts by weight of the 20-40 mass car scrap tire rubber particles in the intermediate product group I obtained in the step I, and placing them in the integrated device.
- the batching section in front of the dynamic closed heating tank pour them into the tank feeding hopper, and then add known ingredients such as: 12 parts by weight of water, etc., push the ingredients into the heating tank, close the tank, stir , heating, the material stays in the tank at 200 ⁇ 220 °C for about 2h, then stop heating, release steam, reduce pressure, cool down, when the gauge pressure in the tank is zero, open the upper feed inlet of the tank, from the feed hopper Adding 30 parts by weight of the ultrafine carbon black in the intermediate product group II obtained in the step II, and then closing the tank for 5 minutes, opening the lower discharge port of the tank, and introducing the carbon black and the plasticized coarse rubber powder mixture into the dense
- the kneading machine knead
- 500-mesh pyrolysis ultrafine carbon black, tar residue and Plasticized waste tire rubber mixture in the rubber products industry it may be used instead of recycled rubber, carbon black, zinc oxide is set equal amounts of material, namely the content of the present invention, one of the products of the group comprising of I.
- the method for combined recycling of waste tires and waste plastic polymer materials in the present embodiment after combining steps I, II, and III, thermally cracking carbon black/plasticizing according to useful products in product group I. (30/100/10) ratio of rubber powder/tar residue, the useful product of product group II, an unlimited amount of steel wire and pyrolysis oil, and the restrictive conditions for the total discharge of products not to be zero of.
- the method of the present embodiment has the advantages of no slag discharge and small pollution, and can convert the waste fibers separated from the waste tire into oil and carbon black, and the obtained carbon black which can be used in the rubber product industry. It is a mixture of carbon black and finer than 100 mesh rubber powder.
- this product form can be further processed by mechanical extrusion such as extrusion, which becomes a commercial form of rubber particles, rubber strips, film and glue. Its dust during production and use is much smaller than pure carbon black.
- the utility model relates to a sub-device A which performs processing such as thermal cracking on waste plastics and waste tires, and a sub-device C which performs conventional reclaimed rubber processing such as normal temperature breaking pulverization and heating plasticization with waste tires, and a combined integrated device, which is characterized in that:
- the well-known devices A and C are organically combined, and the re-integration after adding and subtracting their respective sub-sets is performed on the basis of the well-configured sub-devices A and C;
- the sub-device A is obtained by adding and subtracting the original matching settings of the known device A, and the sub-device A comprises: capable of respectively performing thermal cracking on waste plastics and waste tires to obtain tar residue and thermal cracking.
- a group of thermal cracking furnaces such as oil and other products, such as pyrolysis carbon black, metal skeleton, pyrolysis oil, etc., and a batching bucket, a screw feeder, a post-furnace alkali absorption device, and a fixed set in front of the two groups of furnaces.
- catalytic cracking unit condenser, separator, buffer tank, pump, heat exchange kettle, fractionation column, diesel condenser, diesel water separator, diesel fuel reservoir, gasoline condenser, gasoline water separator, gasoline storage, And gas storage tanks, water-sealed tanks, coarse crushers for processing carbon black, magnetic separators, oscillating screens, fine crushers, wire hoppers, ultra-fine carbon black collection bins that are finer than 500 mesh, pools for collecting tar residues Wait;
- the sub-device C is obtained by adding and subtracting the original matching settings by the known device C, and the sub-device C comprises: performing shearing, coarse crushing, screening, magnetic separation and aggregate on the waste tire. Crusher, groove roller machine, oscillating screen, magnetic separator,
- waste tire rubber pellet storage bin steel wire silo, nylon fiber aggregate bin
- dynamic sealed heating tank internal mixer, refining for heating, plasticizing, mixing, kneading and refining waste tire rubber pellets Machine, etc.
- the arrangement of the integrated device used in this embodiment further includes: providing a quantitative screw conveying mechanism between the ultrafine carbon black collecting bin of the sub-device A and the feeding hopper of the dynamic sealing heating tank of the sub-device C; Between the fiber collection bin and the pre-furnace batching bucket of the sub-assembly A, a mechanism for conveying the short-cut fibers is provided; between the pool for collecting the tar residue of the sub-assembly A and the feed hopper for the dynamic sealed heating tank of the sub-device C , there is a transport mechanism.
- Sub-device A including:
- a screw conveying mechanism is provided between the ultra-fine carbon black collection bin of the sub-assembly A and the feed hopper of the dynamic sealed heating tank of the sub-device C;
- a transport mechanism is provided between the tank for collecting the tar residue of the sub-assembly A and the feed hopper of the dynamic sealed heating tank of the sub-device C.
- the method for recycling and recycling used in the embodiment relates to a combination of thermal cracking and ultrafine pulverization, a combination of waste polymer materials recycling process such as sulfurization and plasticization, and an integrated device used in the embodiment thereof, and a processing method thereof There are three steps combined as follows, and the embodiment is specifically:
- Step I taking 175 parts by weight of the waste semi-steel radial tire, placing the treatment section of the sub-device B in the integrated device before the batching, first breaking it into about 5 cm by the shear crusher in the sub-combination device B The 5 cm pieces were further crushed, sieved and magnetically separated by a groove roller machine and a vibrating screen and a magnetic separator to obtain an intermediate product I.
- the intermediate product group I described in this example includes : 20 ⁇ 30 mesh waste semi-steel radial tire rubber 100 parts by weight and 75 parts by weight of steel wire, nylon fiber and rubber powder mixture;
- Step II taking 70 parts by weight of the half-cut waste semi-steel radial tire chunks and 75 parts by weight of the steel wire, nylon fiber, and rubber powder mixture obtained in the step I, and placing the waste tire heat in the sub-device A in the integrated device
- the crushed rubber block and the mixture of steel wire, fiber and rubber powder are placed in the feed hopper, and the known catalyst is stirred into the material.
- Appropriate amount (same as in Example 1.), stir the material into the thermal cracking furnace with a screw feeder, and the material is retained in the furnace at 300 ⁇ 400 °C for about 30 ⁇ 40min, which becomes carbon and oil vapor;
- a plastic bag mainly made of waste polyethylene and polypropylene is placed in the feed processing section in front of the waste plastic thermal cracking furnace in the sub-assembly A in the integrated device, and the waste plastic bag is placed.
- Into the hopper and then mix the known amount of catalyst into the material (the same as in the example 1.), stir the material into the thermal cracking furnace with a screw feeder, and the material is retained in the furnace at 350 ⁇ 420 °C for about 2 hours. Turned into tar residue and oil vapor;
- the oil vapor in the two furnaces is separately discharged through the top of the furnace, and then passed through alkali absorption, fixed bed, catalytic cracking, condensation, separation, etc., to obtain pyrolysis diesel, gasoline, gas, gas through the gas storage cabinet. After collection, it is used to support the combustion of two thermal cracking furnaces, and the pyrolysis diesel oil and gasoline imported by condensation are introduced into diesel oil and gasoline storage;
- the carbon in the waste tire thermal cracking furnace is discharged, cooled, coarsely crushed, magnetically selected, sieved, finely pulverized, finely pulverized, and dust collected in the bag, and the steel wire and the particle size are respectively finer than 180-250.
- the fine carbon black and ultrafine carbon black are finer than the 500 mesh sieve.
- the steel wire is collected in the steel wire hopper.
- the fine carbon black and the ultrafine carbon black are respectively collected in the fine carbon black collection bin and the ultrafine carbon black aggregate.
- the tar residue in the waste plastic thermal cracking furnace is discharged through the bottom outlet of the furnace and collected in the storage tank of the tar residue;
- the product group II and the intermediate product group II are obtained, and the product group II, the present example refers to: 49 parts by weight of the steel wire and 135 parts by weight of the pyrolysis oil, the intermediate product group II, This example is obtained: 25 parts by weight of fine carbon black having a fine particle size of 180 to 250 mesh, 5 parts by weight of ultrafine carbon black finer than 500 mesh sieve, and 10 parts by weight of tar residue.
- Step III taking 10 parts by weight of the tar residue in the intermediate product group II obtained in the step II and the sub-device in the integrated device of the 20-30 mass waste semi-steel radial tire rubber particles 50 in the intermediate product group I obtained in the step I Dynamically close the batching section in front of the heating tank in C, pour them into the tank feeding hopper, add the known ingredients such as: 6 parts by weight of water, etc., push the ingredients into the heating tank, close the tank, stir, heat The material is retained in the tank at 200 ⁇ 220 °C for about 2h, then the heating is stopped, the steam is released, the pressure is reduced, and the temperature is lowered. When the gauge pressure in the tank is zero, the upper feed inlet of the tank is opened, and the feed tank is added.
- the micelles are calendered into a film of about 5 mm by a two-roller machine, and the film is refining, rolling, cutting, and lowering the machine by a two-roll refiner to obtain a layered cake-like dosage form containing 500 mesh.
- Thermal cracking of ultrafine carbon black, tar residue and plasticized Tires gum mixture it may be used in place of rubber products reclaimed rubber, carbon black, zinc oxide is set equal amounts of material, namely, one of the products of the present invention, Group I included content;
- the sub-devices disposed in the integrated device In the batching section before the ultra-fine pulverizer in B, pour them into the powder mixer, stir them and then introduce them into the high-level storage bin of the superfine pulverized material. The mixture material is introduced into the elastomer fine pulverizer through the drop pipe, and the material is discharged.
- Wind-guided duct, cyclone separation, sieving treatment 75 parts by weight of a mixture of pyrolysis carbon black and waste tire rubber powder of 100 mesh mesh, dust dusting of 100-mesh carbon black and rubber powder mixture It is far less than pure carbon black, and it can be used in the rubber product industry to replace the equal amount of material of rubber powder, carbon black and zinc oxide, which is also one of the contents included in the product group I of the present invention.
- the method for combined recycling of waste tires and waste plastic polymer materials in the present embodiment after combining steps I, II, and III, thermally cracking carbon black/plasticizing according to useful products in product group I. (5/50/10) ratio of rubber powder/tar residue and (25/50) ratio of cracked carbon black/rubber powder, useful products in product group II - unlimited amount of steel wire and pyrolysis oil, and no product
- the restrictive conditions for total rejects tending to zero are coordinated to achieve the completion.
- the invention Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of no slag discharge and small pollution compared with the prior art, and can convert the miscellaneous fibers separated from the polymer products such as waste tires into oil and carbon black, and refine the waste plastics.
- the obtained tar residue, the carbon black obtained by refining the waste tire, and the rubber powder or/and the plasticized rubber powder are mixed into a mixture of the rubber powder and the carbon black or/and tar residue.
- a device comprising a sub-device A for performing thermal cracking processing on a polymer material, a sub-device B processed by fine or ultra-fine pulverization, and a sub-device C processed by desulfurization, plasticization, mixing, etc., and characterized Yes - organic combination with sub-devices 8, B, C, to obtain re-integration including the sub-devices A and B and C in the well-known configuration, after adding and subtracting their respective sub-sets;
- the sub-device A is obtained by adding and subtracting the original matching settings of the known device A, and the sub-device A comprises: capable of respectively performing thermal cracking on waste plastics and waste rubber to obtain tar residue and thermal cracking.
- a group of thermal cracking furnaces such as oil and other products, such as pyrolysis carbon black, metal skeleton, pyrolysis oil, etc., and a batching bucket, a screw feeder, and an alkali absorption device installed in the furnace, fixed in front of each furnace.
- Catalytic cracking unit condenser, separator, buffer tank, Pumps, heat exchangers, and fractionation towers, diesel condensers, diesel water separators, diesel fuel tanks, gasoline condensers, gasoline water separators, gasoline storage tanks, gas storage tanks, water seal tanks, pools for collecting tar residues, Collecting the collection bin of coarse carbon black, processing the coarse crusher of carbon black, oscillating sieve, crusher, magnetic separator, collecting hopper of steel wire, collecting the collection bin of 180 ⁇ 250 mesh carbon black, collecting fine Ultra-fine carbon black collection bin of 500 mesh carbon black;
- the sub-device B is obtained by adding or subtracting the original matching settings by the known device B, and the sub-device B includes: a crushing machine for cutting large rubber parts such as scrap tires and the like with a metal skeleton. , a coarse-grained groove roller machine for a small rubber member having a skeleton such as a metal, a sieving sieve for sieving the rubber particles having different particle sizes, and a magnetic separator for magnetically selecting the rubber particles containing the magnetic metal , collection bins for each crude product, such as: 20 ⁇ 40 mesh waste rubber coarse aggregate bin, steel wire bin, nylon fiber aggregate bin; compounding machine for formulating coarse rubber pellets, Superfine pulverized material collection bin, superfine pulverization to obtain a pulverizer that is finer than 100 mesh powder products, and a subsequent processing device for 100 mesh powder products, such as: cyclone separator, sieving machine, bag filter Wait;
- the sub-device C is obtained by adding and subtracting the original matching setting by the known device C, and the sub-device C comprises: a dynamic sealing heating tank for heating plasticizing and mixing the waste rubber particles, a two-roll refiner that performs refining on a rubber compound, or a two-roller or extruder;
- the arrangement of the integrated device used in this embodiment further includes: providing a screw conveying mechanism between the ultrafine carbon black collecting bin of the sub-device A and the feeding hopper of the dynamic sealing heating tank of the sub-device C; Between the collection bin of 180 ⁇ 250 mesh carbon black and the formula rubber mixer of the waste rubber pellet of sub-device B, a quantitative screw conveying mechanism is set; in the fiber collection bin of the sub-device B and the pre-furnace batching bucket of the sub-device A Between, the mechanism for conveying the chopped fibers is set.
- the integrated device further includes: a dust-proof bag filter is disposed at each of the exhaust outlets of each cyclone; and a pipe and a mechanical device are provided in each operation.
- a dust-proof bag filter is disposed at each of the exhaust outlets of each cyclone; and a pipe and a mechanical device are provided in each operation.
- a water treatment tank is connected in series; an automatic control system is set for the entire integrated device.
- Sub-device A including:
- Sub-device B which includes:
- a quantitative screw conveying mechanism is provided between the collection bin of the 180-250 mesh carbon black of the sub-device A and the formula rubber mixer of the waste rubber pellet of the sub-device B;
- a screw conveying mechanism is provided between the ultrafine carbon black collection bin of the sub-assembly A and the feed hopper of the dynamic sealed heating can of the sub-device C.
- the method for recycling and recycling in the embodiment relates to an advantageous complementary scheme between the branches of the current room temperature pulverization process, and an integrated device used in the embodiment thereof.
- the embodiment of the process method is specifically: Take 100 parts by weight of waste butyl water tire or waste bias tire, cut it into large pieces of 50 ⁇ 500X50 ⁇ 500, and place it in the feeding hopper of the grinding wheel type rubber fine pulverizer in the grinding wheel combination device.
- the bulk scrap rubber is ground into a mixed granular rubber powder of 20 ⁇ 200 mesh waste butyl water tire or waste bias tire, if it is treated waste
- the bias tire, the oscillating sieve and the fiber separation machine can be used to remove the nylon fiber from the division, and the mixed rubber powder obtained by finely pulverizing the grinding wheel is put into the collection bin, and the butyl hydrotalel obtained at this time or
- the offset tire mix powder is less than 100% of the rubber powder of about 100%; and the mixed rubber powder is introduced into the formula mixer of the shearing disc type rubber fine pulverizing combination device by using the guiding mechanism, and It is mixed with additives such as carbon black powder in a ratio of 100:30, and then introduced into a storage bin, and then introduced into a shearing disc type rubber fine pulverizer for re-pulverization.
- the pulverized material is introduced into the cyclone by a gas flow, and the exhaust of the cyclone separator Drain or/and reuse after passing through the dust collector,
- the pulverized material collected in the cyclone separator is introduced into a mesh sieve with a coarseness of 100 mesh, and the crude material which has not passed through the 100 mesh net is collected, and then introduced into the mixing process of the pre-adhesive powder and the powder isolation and the like, and then mixed and pulverized.
- the material After the material is collected, it is imported into the finished product warehouse; the obtained fine powder is equal to 100 parts of the finished product of 130 mesh (Note: After multiple feedings, the coarse return material that is screened out each time is added to the next batch of feed, so the feed can be They are considered to be lossless) and they can be sold as commodities.
- the arrangement of the integrated device used in this embodiment involves the complementary arrangement of the integrated devices used in each branch of the normal temperature pulverization process, and the embodiment is specifically:
- a guiding mechanism is arranged between the feed inlets of the feeder, and the original ( ⁇ -shear) is pre-machined in its shearing disc, and the mechanical arrangement of the core unit is followed, and the original mechanical setting is retained, and the original (honing) is stored in the rubber powder.
- the front mechanical setting of the storage bin of the mixture of rubber powder and powder release agent is arranged between the feed inlets of the feeder, and the original ( ⁇ -shear) is pre-machined in its shearing disc, and the mechanical arrangement of the core unit is followed, and the original mechanical setting is retained, and the original (honing) is stored in the rubber powder. Or the front mechanical setting of the storage bin of the mixture of rubber powder and powder release agent.
- the combined device includes: a large rubber block cutting machine, a grinding wheel type rubber fine pulverizer, a vibrating screen, a fiber separator, a fiber collection silo, a rubber powder and a powder auxiliary mixer, a mixed glue Powder collection silo, etc.;
- the combined device includes: large rubber block cutting machine, coarse crushing machine, oscillating sieve, magnetic separator, steel wire, iron filing bin, fiber trap, cyclone separator, fiber aggregate Warehouse, colloidal silo, formula mixer, storage silo, shear-grinding rubber fine grinder, as well as centrifugal sieves, dust collectors, and carbon black and rubber powder mixtures that store at least 100 mesh sieves! Wait.
- the integrated device used in the embodiment can not only make 20-30 mesh rubber particles separated from the waste radial tire into carbon black and rubber powder mixture which is at least 100 mesh sieve, but also can be used for halogenated butyl group.
- the types of waste rubber that will be adhered by rolling are also processed into a mixture of carbon black and rubber powder which is at least 100 mesh sieve, and this result is an equipment problem that the rubber powder industry has not solved so far.
- B-grinding - grinding wheel type normal temperature fine pulverizing combination device for producing rubber powder including:
- 1 large rubber block cutting machine
- 2 grinding rubber fine pulverizer
- 3 oscillation sieve
- 4 fiber separator
- 5 fiber collection bin
- 6 mixed rubber aggregate Warehouse
- B-shear - a shear-grinding rubber fine pulverizing combination device for producing rubber powder including:
- the method for recycling and recycling in this embodiment involves implementing an advantageous complementary scheme between the branches of the current room temperature pulverizing process, and an integrated device used in the embodiment thereof.
- the embodiment of the method is specifically:
- the ratio of the powder such as carbon black is 100:30 130 parts of the rubber powder material, which was further pulverized by a shearing disc type rubber fine pulverizer to obtain 130 parts of a rubber powder material containing 75% of a 200 mesh screen.
- the arrangement of the integrated device used in this embodiment relates to the improvement of the arrangement in the integrated device B used in the normal temperature pulverization process, and the embodiment is specifically: - Fine pulverization in a known shear-grinding type rubber fine pulverizing assembly (B-shear) After the outlet of the pulverized material separated by the wind guide spiral, a set of pulverization of a series of mechanically connected series of finely pulverized and air-guided spiral separation is performed.
- B-shear shear-grinding type rubber fine pulverizing assembly
- the mechanism for extracting the wind, the first-stage fine pulverization in the conventionally known shear-grinding type rubber fine pulverizing combination device (B-shear) is set to a two-stage series-type shear-grinding type rubber fine pulverizing combination device (B shearing, shearing) ).
- B-shearing, shearing The production of rubber powder, which consists of two-stage fine pulverizers arranged in series, and a shear-grinding rubber fine pulverizing combination device, including:
- the method for recycling and recycling in the embodiment relates to an advantageous complementary scheme for implementing the complementary process between the current temperature pulverization and reclaimed rubber branches, and the integrated device used in the embodiment.
- the embodiment of the process is specifically:
- the warehouse is slowly exported, and it is continuously introduced into another shearing disc type rubber fine pulverizer for the second fine pulverization.
- the pulverized material is discharged by airflow, separated by cyclone and sent to the centrifugal sieve for separation, and the centrifugal sieve separation operation can be transformed. Different meshes of meshes are obtained, and powder materials of different particle sizes are obtained.
- the coarsest selection is generally 100 mesh mesh operation, and 125 to 150 parts of the sieve are vortexed.
- the separator is introduced into the storage bin, and the coarse powder is returned to the storage bin of the material to be crushed before the first stage or/and the second stage fine crusher;
- the mixed rubber powder which is at least 100 mesh sieve is introduced into the dynamic closed heating tank by using the guiding mechanism, and then added with the mixed rubber powder according to the varieties and proportions of the known reclaimed rubber compounding agent, and the operation of dynamically sealing the heating tank is carried out.
- the material of the can is only required to be rolled once by the open mill, and the reclaimed rubber product can be obtained.
- the obtained reclaimed rubber product not only has the advantages of the easy-adhesive roller of the reclaimed rubber of the present market, but also has a three-dimensional network structure due to the strong rolling treatment of the rubber powder particles without the refiner.
- the rubber powder is then used in the new rubber compound. It will have a new and old rubber interface with the new rubber compound. Due to the existence of this interface, the new rubber compound is easily vulcanized during molding, and the heated expansion gas in the rubber compound is easy.
- the hot melt compounding agent may be an oil softening agent such as a tackifying resin or an engine oil, and the wear resistance of the new rubber product to which the rubber powder is added is utilized. It will be better than the addition of reclaimed rubber. The oil on the surface of the product will be less than that of the reclaimed rubber. 'This is because the hot melt compounding agent has penetrated the rubber powder in the process of thermal vulcanization.
- the concentration of the tackifying resin, engine oil, etc. in the phase is reduced; the rubber powder has a strong space barrier to solid compounding agents such as carbon black, and this feature is used in the preparation of conductive and antistatic rubber products. It can save 50% ⁇ 95% of conductive carbon black, acetylene black, graphite and other dusty high-flying expensive materials; the new rubber compound prepared with this rubber powder material, its tensile strength is not lower than that of recycled rubber. Its compressive strength is more due to reclaimed rubber.
- the mixed rubber powder obtained by the secondary shearing disc type rubber fine pulverizer and processed by at least 100 mesh mesh screen can replace the 5 ⁇ 40 mesh coarse rubber powder currently used in the reclaimed rubber process, and the refining in the reclaimed rubber process can be omitted. operating.
- the arrangement of the integrated device used in this embodiment relates to the complementary arrangement of the B and C between the branching integrated devices of the room temperature pulverizing and reclaiming rubber, and the embodiment is specifically - a well-known normal temperature shearing disc type rubber fine pulverizing assembly device (In the B-cut), a normal-temperature shear-grinding rubber fine pulverizing unit is added in series to make it (B shearing, shearing), and the storage in (B shearing, shearing) is at least 100 mesh mesh rubber powder.
- a guiding mechanism is arranged between the storage bin and the high temperature tank in the known reclaimed rubber combination device C;
- FIG. 1 For the arrangement of the integrated device described in this embodiment, refer to the embodiment 6.
- the method for recycling and recycling in the embodiment relates to an advantageous complementary scheme for implementing the complementary process between the current temperature pulverization and reclaimed rubber branches, and the integrated device used in the embodiment.
- the embodiment of the process is specifically:
- the large piece of scrap rubber is directly It is ground into a mixed rubber powder of 20 ⁇ 200 mesh, and then the non-metallic fiber impurities that may be entrained in the mixed rubber powder are removed to obtain a mixed rubber powder of 20 ⁇ 200 mesh.
- the mixed particle size storage silo storage bin is exported, and then mixed with carbon black powder isolation aid according to the ratio of 100:27, and then introduced into the shearing disc type rubber fine pulverizer for further
- the pulverized material is introduced into the cyclone by a gas flow, and the exhaust gas of the cyclone is vented or/or utilized by the precipitator, and the pulverized material collected in the cyclone is introduced into the centrifugal sieve, and the powder passing through the 200 mesh sieve is introduced.
- the storage silo in the work space the coarse powder of the unscreened screen is guided back to the storage bin or the mixer before the fine pulverizer, and the subsequent processing of the obtained pulverized material is connected with the well-known reclaimed rubber process; Finely pulverized material, which contains at least 80% of the rubber powder which can pass through the 150 mesh screen before the sieving, and the mixed rubber powder obtained by the method replaces the 5 ⁇ 40 mesh crude rubber currently used in the reclaimed rubber process. Powder, can eliminate the refining in the reclaimed rubber process.
- the arrangement of the integrated device used in the embodiment relates to the complementary arrangement of the B and C between the branching integrated devices of the normal temperature pulverizing and reclaiming rubber, and the embodiment is specifically - the fine pulverizing combination device (B grinding) and the (B shearing) at room temperature
- At least 80% of the storage is a material guiding device between the rubber powder storage bin capable of passing through the 150 mesh screen and the high temperature tank in the known reclaimed rubber combination device C;
- FIG. 1 For the arrangement of the integrated device described in this embodiment, refer to the embodiment 7.
- B-grinding - grinding wheel type normal temperature fine pulverizing combination device for producing rubber powder including -
- 1 grinding wheel type rubber fine pulverizer
- 2 oscillation screen
- 3 fiber trap
- 4 storage bin
- 5 cyclone
- 6 fiber collection bin
- the method for recycling and recycling in the embodiment relates to an advantageous complementary scheme for implementing the complementary process between the current temperature pulverization and reclaimed rubber branches, and the integrated device used in the embodiment.
- the embodiment of the process is specifically:
- a large-scale waste rubber or waste rubber product side leather or waste butyl water tire material of 50 to 500 ⁇ 50 to 500 is pulverized into a grinding wheel type rubber fine pulverizing machine B. 20 ⁇ 200 mesh mixed particle size rubber powder;
- a pre-precision machine for fine pulverization in a shear-grinding rubber fine pulverizing assembly B (shearing and shearing) is used to apply a 30-cm ⁇ 30-50 rubber-like waste rubber or The waste rubber product side leather material or waste radial tire material is pulverized into a mixed particle size rubber powder of 20-30 mesh;
- a mixed particle size rubber powder of 20 to 200 mesh or a mixed particle size rubber powder of 20 to 30 mesh is separately mixed with a powder additive such as carbon black, and a rubber plate for shearing is used.
- a powder additive such as carbon black
- Two fine pulverizations in the fine pulverizing assembly ⁇ shearing and shearing
- two fine pulverization methods are used, even It is a powder additive used in the mixing operation. It is mixed with 10 ⁇ 100 mesh coarse materials. After being crushed by two passes, the rigid materials such as carbon black have been pulverized to finer than 200.
- the purpose of the powder using this feature, the choice of powder additives can be properly thick;
- a mixture of a powder such as carbon black having a thickness of 100 mesh and a rubber powder is introduced into a dynamic sealed heating tank in a combination device C for producing reclaimed rubber, and a known reclaimed rubber compounding agent is added, and is carried out by a known technique. Heating place According to the kneading process of the can material and the internal mixer or the extruder, the regenerated rubber products corresponding to the various materials obtained by the feeding can be obtained.
- the arrangement of the integrated device used in this embodiment relates to the complementary arrangement of the B and C between the branching integrated devices of the normal temperature pulverizing and reclaiming glue, and the embodiment is specifically:
- B-grinding - grinding wheel type normal temperature fine pulverizing combination device for producing rubber powder including:
- B shearing, shearing - a combination of two series of normal temperature shearing disc type rubber fine pulverizers for the production of rubber powder, including:
- the embodiment relates to a subsequent plasticizing modification scheme of the fine rubber powder obtained by the grinding wheel pulverization method in the current room temperature pulverizing process, and specifically: as shown in FIG. 9, the fine rubber originally obtained directly from the mechanical sieve grading process
- the process of packaging the powder is changed to a new process route in which the plasticizing agent is added to the fine rubber powder, and then mixed, and then packaged.
- the plasticizing aid to be added is a known rubber softener-like material or/and a formulation mixture using such a known material, and the fine rubber powder is preferably finer than 100 mesh, plasticizing aid and fine rubber powder.
- the mixing ratio is preferably 3 ⁇ 15: 97 ⁇ 85.
- the improvement scheme on the apparatus can be set as shown in FIG. 9 after the fine rubber powder silo 7 in the grinding wheel assembly device (B mill) can be added with plasticizing aid and mixing.
- the machine comprises at least one or a combination of a mixer, a kneader, a mixing screw machine, a tank for placing a plasticizing aid, and a rubber powder mixture.
- the fine rubber powder plasticized by this example when it is mixed with the new rubber compound and vulcanized, has a fast feeding material, and the rubber powder knife can not see the rubber powder and other rubber powder and the new rubber compound has good compatibility. Obvious features.
- This example relates to the selection of materials such as plasticized rubber materials or/and oils used as a coupling agent for wetting the surface of waste fibers.
- the materials are as described in Table 1: (This example is suitable for formulating into natural materials.) , waste fiber materials used in general-purpose rubbers such as butylbenzene and cis-butyl) (Table 1)
- the material can be used as a coupling agent for wetting the surface of the waste fiber. It is preferably mixed with the waste fiber by a weight ratio of 5 to 100:100.
- This example relates to the selection of materials such as plasticized rubber material or/and oil used as a coupling agent for wetting the surface of waste fibers.
- the selection of the material selection formula is further described in Table 2: (In this case, the coupling agent) Suitable for the production of waste fibers used in general rubber such as natural, styrene-butadiene and cis-butene [Table 2)
- Select material classification Select material type Select the weight of the material Use material number Oily plant kernel, fruit Cotton seed kernel or / and colza 10 1 Material Oil olive meat 10 2
- Modified rubber vulcanized rubber powder Emulsion of rubber powder modified asphalt 2 9 Surfactant Flat plus 1 10
- This example relates to the selection of materials such as plasticized rubber material or/and oil used as a coupling agent for wetting the surface of waste fiber.
- the selection of the material is as follows: (Table 3) Suitable for formulating natural, styrene-butadiene, cis-butyl and other general rubber
- This example relates to the selection of materials such as plasticized rubber material or/and oil used as a coupling agent for wetting the surface of the waste fiber.
- the material selection formula is further introduced, as described in Table 5: (In this case, the coupling agent) Suitable for the preparation of waste fiber materials used in general rubber such as natural, butylbenzene and cis-butyl) ( 3 ⁇ 4 5 )
- This example relates to the selection of materials such as plasticized rubber material or/and oil used as a coupling agent for wetting the surface of waste fibers.
- the selection of the material selection formula is further described in Table 6: (In this case, the coupling agent) Suitable for the preparation of waste fiber materials used in general rubber such as natural, styrene-butadiene and cis-butyl) (3 ⁇ 4 6)
- This example relates to the selection of materials such as plasticized rubber material or/and oil used as a coupling agent for wetting the surface of waste fiber.
- the material selection formula is further introduced, as described in Table 7: (This example is a coupling agent) Suitable for the preparation of waste fiber materials used in special rubber such as ethylene propylene, butyl, butyronitrile) (3 ⁇ 4 7)
- the proper amount of water added in the examples means that the addition of water to the coupler material is not too viscous to facilitate wetting mixing between the coupler material and the spent waste fibers.
- a pre-formulated coupler for wetting the surface of the waste fiber is used, specifically:
- the waste fiber separated from the bias tire or / and the semi-steel radial tire or / and the conveyor belt Take 100 parts by weight of the waste fiber separated from the bias tire or / and the semi-steel radial tire or / and the conveyor belt, and place it in a dynamic closed heating tank, at a tank temperature of 60 ⁇ 120 ° C, add 30 ⁇ 50 parts by weight of the rubber powder modified asphalt emulsion as a wetting coupling agent (the emulsion is formulated as in Example 18), and the mixture is evenly stirred, and the stirring time is generally controlled within 20 to 30 minutes. Then, the material is discharged from the tank, and the material is flattened on a plastic film such as polyethylene by heat.
- a plastic film such as polyethylene by heat.
- the initial thickness of the material flattening can be controlled at 20 ⁇ 30mm, and the flattened material is cooled to a non-sticky hand, and will be thick.
- the loose flattening material roll is compacted to a felt-like or asphalt-like felt shape, and then the waste waste felt-like mixture is rolled together with a plastic film into a roll package of about 10 to 30 kg in a roll, which is obtained by the present invention.
- This product can be used at least for formula rubber and plastic materials to increase the physical properties such as the strength of the rubber and plastic materials.
- This embodiment also employs a pre-formulated coupler for wetting the surface of the waste fiber, specifically:
- the compacted fiber felt-like mixture is rolled up into a roll package of about 10 to 30 kg-volume together with a plastic film to obtain a non-dark black waste fiber recyclable product.
- This product can be used in the formulation of light-colored rubber and plastic materials.
- the intercalating agent for the surface of the wetted waste fiber is temporarily prepared, specifically, 100 parts by weight of the waste fiber (including not less than 15% of the steel fiber) separated from the semi-steel radial tire. Containing not less than 10% of the rubber powder), placed in a dynamic closed heating tank, at a tank temperature of 100 ⁇ 120 ° C, adding 20 parts by weight of bitumen, 20 parts by weight of oil, 0.5 ⁇ 3 parts by weight Flattened, 10 parts by weight of water, sealed and heated to 120 ⁇ 180 °C for 40 minutes to 2 hours, then the material is discharged from the tank, the material is cooled to below 50 °C, and the material is placed in plastic weaving by heat.
- the loading amount of each bag can be controlled at 5 ⁇ 25 kg. It is also possible to combine several plastic woven bags that have been loaded together and compress them with a baler to form a product package with a weight of 50 ⁇ 500 kg. Such product packaging facilitates transportation efficiency and is also easy to unpack.
- the embodiment relates to an efficient rubber particle size grading combination machine, specifically:
- the 23-1 rubber powder size fractionation combination machine is an embodiment of the rubber powder particle size classification combined machine of the present invention, which is a gravity-flow particle classification in front of the cyclone separator 1
- the gravity-flowing air classifier is a decelerating flow section 3 that decelerates the primary air that carries the material by the air inlet 2 that carries the primary air of the mixed particle size rubber powder, and promotes the variable flow rotation thereof.
- the tail air passage 4 carrying the fine particles is horizontally arranged, and the secondary air inlet duct 5 is disposed downwardly inclined.
- a collision point 6 of the intersection of the secondary air flow and the gravity flow of the particulate material is set,
- the coarse particle falling track 7 is arranged vertically downward.
- the primary air is introduced into the gravity-flow particle classifier, and in the deceleration section 3, since the cross-sectional area of the flow section 3 is larger than that of the inlet duct 2
- the cross-sectional area so the primary wind entering is decelerated in this flow segment, and because the flow segment 3 is cylindrical, the primary wind flows in along the circular cutting edge, so the decelerated primary wind becomes a rotating flow, where the rotating flow In the middle, the coarse particles are separated by rotation to the rounded edge, and then guided downward, and the fine powder flows out from the horizontally disposed tailing passage 4 in the middle of the deceleration flow section 3, and the coarse-grained material stream carrying a part of the fine powder is rotated to the perigee Vertically falling, when hitting the collision point 6, two collisions with the secondary air, the first time is shown in 6 (top) with the collision angle of its two flows is equal to 90° and the departure angle is equal to 120°.
- the second time is shown in Figure 6 (bottom) with its collision angle of two flows equal to 45° and the departure angle approximately equal to 120°.
- the coarse granules carrying a part of the fine powder flow through the collision with the secondary air, wherein the fine powder carried by the fine powder is lifted out and then recirculated, so that the fine powder content in the falling coarse granule stream is further reduced.
- the particle size of the fine powder flowing out of the exhaust passage 4 can meet the technical requirements, but the coarse particles from the falling lane 7 are also There will be a small amount of fine powder, and then the coarse particles which are only 30 ⁇ 10% of the original powder to be classified are introduced into the mechanical sieve for further screening; the tail wind from the exhaust passage 4 is passed through the cyclone separator. 1 Cyclone collects fine particles that meet the product requirements. It is taken into the fine powder collection bin; the exhaust gas from the cyclone separator is drained or reused after entering the filter bag dust collector.
- the gravity-flow particle classifier in the rubber particle size fractionation combination machine of the present invention can also be as shown in Fig. 10, which is also a primary air inlet duct 2 carrying a mixed particle size rubber powder.
- the deceleration flow section 3 in which the primary wind is decelerated is provided with a tail air passage 4 carrying fine particles obliquely upward, a secondary air inlet duct 5 which is disposed downwardly inclined, and a secondary air flow is provided at a periphery of the deceleration flow section 3 Convergence point 6 with the gravity flow of the granular material, and a coarse particle falling path 7 arranged vertically downward.
- the gravity-flow particle classifier in the particle size fractionation combination machine of the present invention can also be as shown in FIG. 11, which is also the inlet air duct 2 carrying the primary air of the mixed particle size rubber powder,
- the deceleration flow section 3 for carrying out the deceleration of the primary air carrying the material is arranged to be inclined to set the tail air passage 4 carrying the fine particles, and the secondary air inlet duct 5 disposed vertically downward, at the perigee of the deceleration flow section 3, is set The intersection of the secondary airflow and the gravity flow of the particulate material collides with the collision point 6, and the coarse particle falling lane 7 disposed vertically downward.
- the gravity-flow particle classifier in the particle size-grading combination machine of the rubber powder according to 23-2 or / and 23-3, the inlet air channel 2 can also be connected in series with the gravity in the rubber particle size-grading combination machine of 23-1 ⁇
- the coarse particles of the gas flow particle classifier fall below the channel 7 to further reduce the fines content in the coarse stream.
- 23-2, 23-3 Gravity ⁇ airflow particle classifier, its mechanism of action is similar to 23-1.
- the use of the rubber powder particle size fractionation combined mechanical energy according to the present invention is only using a rocking sieve, The efficiency of the section of the centrifugal sieve grading rubber powder is at least doubled.
- This embodiment relates to a combination of a conventional carbon black producing apparatus E and a thermal cracking A or / and ultrafine rubber powder B or / and a reclaimed rubber C production apparatus, specifically:
- a conventional carbon black producing apparatus E is known to be combined with a pyrolysis A or / and ultrafine rubber powder B or / and a regrind C production apparatus;
- the E described therein specifically includes unit equipment: raw material oil dehydration tank 1, oil guiding pump 2, raw material oil tank 3, fuel oil tank 4, fuel oil filter 5, fuel pump 6, fuel oil preheater 7, spray mist Chemical unit 8, main air supply fan 9, air preheater 10, carbon black reaction furnace combustion section 11, feedstock oil filter 12, feedstock oil pump 13, feedstock oil preheater 14, feedstock oil nozzle 15, waste heat boiler 16, Main bag filter 17, reverse blower 18, exhaust gas pressurizing fan 19, exhaust gas burning furnace 20, micro-pulverizer 21, air blower 22, cyclone 23, bag filter hopper 24, return fan 25, main feed conveyor 26 , wet granulator 27, hopper 28, additive nozzle 29, metering pump 30, binder storage tank 31, dryer 32, exhaust gas furnace blower 33, screening machine 34, reject product tank 35, finished product Conveyor 36, magnetic separator 37, product conveyor 38, storage hoist 39, product storage tank 40, packaging machine 41, exhaust gas pressure fan 42, exhaust gas bag filter 43, steam package 44, waste heat boiler 45, steam package 46 , steam turbine 47, Compressed air 48
- the A includes the unit equipment: oil tank, gas tank, power transformer, etc.; wherein the B includes unit equipment: power transformer, etc.; wherein the C includes unit equipment: power transformer , steam packs, etc.;
- a power supply circuit is provided between the unit equipment steam turbine 47 in the conventional carbon black producing apparatus E and the unit equipment power supply transformer in the thermal cracking A or / and ultrafine rubber powder B or / and the reclaimed rubber C production apparatus;
- a steam supply line is provided between the steam turbine 47 of the E or/and the steam supply steam drum of the steam packs 44 and C; the fuel oil dehydration tank 1 in the oil tank or/and the combustible gas tank and the E in the spray A pipeline for supplying oil and gas is disposed between the atomizers 8.
- This embodiment relates to a combination of a conventional carbon black producing apparatus E and a thermal cracking A or/and a plastic pelletizing apparatus D, specifically - as shown in Fig. 14, by a known conventional carbon black producing apparatus E and thermal cracking A or / combined with plastic hot extrusion production unit D;
- the E includes the same unit device as the embodiment 24; wherein the A includes a unit device - an oil tank, a gas canister, a power supply transformer, a cracking furnace, etc.; wherein the D includes a unit Equipment: power transformers, etc.;
- a power supply circuit is provided between the unit equipment steam turbine 47 in the conventional carbon black production unit E and the unit equipment power supply transformer in the thermal cracking A or/and the plastic hot extrusion production unit D;
- a pipeline for supplying oil and gas is disposed between the oil tank of A or / and the fuel oil tank of E and the feed water dehydration tank of E;
- a conveying mechanism is disposed between the cracking furnace of A and the waste plastic storage yard of D which is not suitable for granulation.
- the waste polymer materials especially the pulverized fibers removed from the used tires
- thermal cracking the thermal cracking of the waste polymer materials is obtained.
- Thermal cracking carbon black (slag) and tar residue can be used to prepare rubber powder and reclaimed rubber; it can process the waste rubber of waste polymer materials, especially used tires, at room temperature, which can be applied to large blocks or Applicable to powdered granules;
- the normal temperature pulverization process can be applied not only to viscous, non-viscous waste rubber varieties, but also to the treatment of materials to be processed into a graded or mixed particle size of 100-200 mesh screen.
- Fine rubber powder The normal temperature pulverized fine rubber powder obtained by the grinding wheel method can be plasticized and treated on the production line to make the compatibility of the rubber powder and the rubber compound better; 100 ⁇ 200 mesh grade or mixed particle size ultrafine rubber powder After the heat treatment of the reclaimed rubber process, the plasticized ultra-fine rubber powder can no longer be refined by the reclaimed rubber process in the current market.
- the obtained ultra-fine rubber powder plasticized material can combine the anti-cracking property and the space barrier property of the rubber powder. with Recycled rubber has the advantages of contiguous adhesion.
- the present inventors have improved and optimized the combination of various waste polymer materials recycling methods independently implemented in the prior art, and proposed that the production process of ordinary carbon blacks is also combined, and further better effects are obtained.
- the type and quantity of the feed can control the ratio of the 5 ⁇ 200 mesh waste polymer material particles in the intermediate group I to the weight of the thermal cracking carbon black in the intermediate group II in the range of 100: 10-900.
- the industrial department can perform the combined implementation according to the needs of the embodiment and select one or more required ones, and the desired technical effect can be obtained without creative labor.
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Description
废旧高分子物料组合再生、 或和炭黑相联产的方法及其装置
技术领域
~~?夏明提出一种废旧橡、 塑高分子物料的组合再生过程, 或此过程和普通炭黑的生产 过程相联合的方法, 以及实施此方法所用及的集成装置; 涉及高分子固体废弃物和普通炭 黑生产过程的尾气余热利用等的技术范畴。
背景技术
~~ 高分子物料的再生循环利用, 已是当今社会的一个日显重要的工业门类, 其中的 主要分支有: 废旧轮胎等废旧橡胶的再生, 废旧塑料的再生等等。
对废旧橡胶的再生方法, 目前主要分支方法有: 采用密闭加热断硫、 塑化加工即再生 胶法, 生产得到再生胶产品; 采用粉碎加工法, 生产得到胶粉产品; 采用热裂解加工法, 生产得到热裂解油、 可燃气、 热裂解炭黑 (渣) 和钢丝产品; 等等。
对废旧塑料的再生循环利用方法, 目前主要分支方法有: 采用热挤出加工法, 生产得 到再生塑料粒子产品; 采用热裂解加工法, 得到热裂解油、 可燃气、 焦油渣产物; 等等。
现有的各种对废旧橡胶、 塑料等废旧高分子物料的再生循环利用各分支方法, 都各有 其不易克服的缺点, 具体说来主要有:
1. 废旧轮胎约占回收得到的各类废旧橡胶总量的 80%, 而以废旧轮胎为原料, 生产再 生胶、 胶粉产品时, 会从废轮胎中粉碎、 筛分出占废轮胎重量约 40%的钢丝、 尼龙、 棉线 等杂碎纤维骨架, 在这些杂碎纤维物料中还夹杂约 10~30%不等的橡胶粉粒。 对这种杂碎 纤维物料的利用方法, 虽己有钢丝回炉炼钢, 钢丝切粒制钢砂; 尼龙杂碎纤维热挤出制粒, 尼龙杂碎纤维填充塑料做制品, 等等; 但由于这种杂碎纤维物料组成过于杂乱, 分离起来 常是得不偿失, 而对其实施简单的热处理, 又会产生大量的烟雾, 另外又由于其具有庞大 的体积, 对其实施收集后远距离运输, 集中处置也很不经济, 此种现象在处理半钢子午轮 胎时尤为明显, 因为其中的纤维骨架物料组成最为复杂。
2. 以废旧轮胎等废橡胶为原料, 用常温粉碎法, 生产细于 40 目胶粉产品的工艺及其 集成装置, 又分两类, 一类是集成装置中的精细粉碎机采用在滚筒表面设置有硬质毛糙工 作机构的单元机械, 即所谓磨轮工艺; 另一类是精细粉碎机采用设置有旋转的平面或台锥 面剪切磨盘机构的单元机械, 即所谓剪切磨盘工艺;
采用磨轮工艺及其集成装置的特点是- a.实施精细粉碎的胶料不能是 5~30目的粗粉料, 必须是 50~800的大块;
b.实施精细粉碎的胶料中不得带有大量钢丝等金属硬杂质;
c.粉碎过程中不能同步实施对胶粉的化学改性操作;
d.受辊扎后会发黏的胶种也能适用;
e.精细粉碎后再经加粉末隔离剂、筛分等处理, 能得到 20~200目的各级胶粉, 其中细 于等于 100目的胶粉约在 30~40%;
f.不能把实施精细粉碎的胶料都处理成细于等于 100目的胶粉;
g.能把受辊扎后会发黏的胶种从大块直接加工成 20~200目且又不黏连的胶粉粒; h.采用机械筛法对精细粉碎后的 20~200目胶粉实施分级处理, 效率过低;
i.所得的细胶粉在使用时与胶料的相溶性不佳, 在细胶粉的后续处理中, 没有设置塑 化处理工序及其设备。
采用剪切磨盘工艺及其集成装置的特点是:
a. 实施精细粉碎的胶料必须是 5~30目的粗粉料, 不能是大块的;
b. 实施精细粉碎的胶料中不得带有大量钢丝等金属硬杂质;
c 粉碎过程中能同步实施对胶粉的化学改性操作;
d. 对受辊扎后会发黏的胶种, 在无隔离剂存在下, 粉碎过程不能正常运行;
e. 在无粉末隔离剂条件下, 实施精细粉碎后能得到 40~120.目的混合粒度胶粉, 其中 细于等于 100目的胶粉仅约在 3~5%;
f. 能把实施精细粉碎的胶料都处理成细于等于 100目的胶粉;
g.现今与剪切磨盘工艺及其集成装置配套的粗碎单元机械, 不能把受辊扎后会发黏的 胶种加工成细于 5目且又不黏连的胶粒, 再向精细粉碎机供会发黏的胶种胶粒料;
h.采用机械筛法对精细粉碎后的 20~200目胶粉实施分级处理, 效率过低。
3. 以废旧轮胎等废橡胶为原料, 生产再生胶产品, 其进罐进行高温塑化处理的物料总 是选用远粗于 100目的胶粉, 这样就使出罐物料必须经过辊扎薄通的所谓精炼处理; 此再 确认本
生胶工艺虽具有所得胶料黏性好、 塑性大以及配用于新胶料中不存在新旧胶料的相界面等 优点, 但也存在所得胶料在再硫化时不易使胶料中的气体跑出等的缺陷。
4.以废轮胎为原料, 用热裂解法加工, 回收油、 炭黑 (渣) 和钢丝等产品, 这种方案 也有不足。 首先是其得到的炭黑是呈块、 粒、 粉的混合状, 要再使其作为弹性体的补强剂 产品供市, 现在还只能采用先机械粗碎, 再超细粉碎至细于 500目, 然后再将炭黑粉末装 袋的工艺路线, 这一炭黑 (渣) 处理方案使热裂解法处理废轮胎等废旧橡胶的企业都存在 严重的黑色粉尘污染; 再有, 用热裂解法加工时, 废轮胎是被破碎成大块或是整个装进热 裂解炉或塔或釜或转窑中的, 在大块胶料间存在着许多的空隙, 这就造成热裂解装备的产 能 空。
5. 采用热裂解法加工塑料, 得到热裂解油、 焦油渣产物, 此法仅有热裂解油有良好的 市场, 而焦油渣目前的出路主要是深埋处理, 这就给环境造成了隐患。
6. 另外, 废旧橡、 塑制品经热裂解处理, 会得到燃料油、 可燃气体、 炭黑 (渣)、 钢 丝, 在这些产物中, 可燃气体生成量若在适量范围内, 它可作为热裂解燃料, 但若生成量 偏多或偏少, 现有处置方式是放空点燃或外加热能, 可燃气体的市场价位不高, 现有处置 可燃气体的方式都有不能使其高值利用的不足;
7.采用热挤出法加工, 生产再生塑料粒子产品, 此法仅适用于物料较单一干净的品种。 综上所述, 现市对废旧高分子物料实施的再生循环利用的各分支方法, 是各有不足和 优势, 但对现有是乎互不相干的各分支方法, 如何扬长避短将它们组合、 集成在一起的课 题, 没见有详细的报道, 也不见有融合了各分支方法优点的工艺及其集成装置面市。
而普通炭黑产品通常是用烃类在严格控制的工艺条件下,经气相不完全燃烧或热裂解 而生成的轻松而极细的黑色粉末状物质。 普通炭黑的品种很多, 根据原料的不同, 有由天 然气制成的气黑, 有乙炔制成的乙炔黑, 由油类(重油、 燃料油等)制成的灯(烟炭)黑, 以及由煤焦油中的萘或蒽和天然气或煤气制成的混气炭黑等; 根据制法不同, 有槽法制成 的槽黑, 用炉法制成的炉黑和用滚筒法制成的滚筒黑等; 根据产品的性能, 又分高补强炭 黑、 半补强炭黑、 高耐磨炭黑、 导电炭黑等等。
普通炭黑的生产过程是一个不完全燃烧的放热过程, 炭黑炉尾气中有低热值可燃气 体, 尾气中含有 10%左右的氢, 10%左右的一氧化碳和 0. 25%左右的甲垸, 炭黑炉尾气中的热 值在每标立方米 2700KJ~ 4600KJ范围内。 对炭黑尾气的回收利用, 公知的办法是, 将 20% 作干燥热源, 用于炭黑生产系统, 其余 80%尾气经水洗塔净化后, 除去 30%— 35%的水份, 送 入焦炉或余热锅炉做为燃料, 我国的以油 (煤焦油: 乙烯焦油: 蒽油 = 20: 50: 30 ) 为原. 料的 1万吨 /年产的炭黑标准化设计装置, 其炭黑炉尾气每小时可供干基尾气 11000NM3, 将 其用作燃料, 一年的收集量就相当于 1500吨标准煤。
炭黑炉尾气较佳的处置方式是将其用余热锅炉将尾气的物理、 化学热转变成高压蒸 汽, 再推动汽轮机发电, 再将电用于普通炭黑生产线装置, 多余出的电再输给公共商业电 网; 高压蒸汽经汽轮机发电后, 成为低压蒸汽, 低压蒸汽一部分回至锅炉, 一部分用作洗 浴用水等。
普通。炭黑产量的九成以上是用于橡胶制品行业, 在橡胶制品行业中, 轮胎所用炭黑量 占到了橡胶制品行业中的六成以上。
如前所述, 废旧橡、 塑高分子物料制品的再生利用, 其主流的方式有热裂解、 精细或 超细粉碎以及再生胶法、 热挤出造粒等几种。
废旧轮胎经机械破碎、 再经精细或超细粉碎, 制得胶粉; 或用粗胶粉经热处理, 再经 机械捏炼、 精炼制得再生胶等, 废旧轮胎的这些再生利用方法, 在处理时都要大量用电、 热能; 废旧塑料热挤出造粒也需要大量使用电能。
在现有技术中, 普通炭黑的生产过程与废旧橡、 塑高分子物料的再生利用加工过程是 互不相关的, 在每个单独的处理流程中, 不是存在生产体系能量、 物料向环境的外排, 就 是存在生产体系对外界环境能量、 物料的过多耗用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是: 第一, 提出一种废旧高分子物料的组合再生过程, 以消除现有再生 循环利用各分支方法的不足; 第二, 将废旧高分子物料的再生过程和普通炭黑的生产过程 相联合, 把它们组合在一个生产总体系中, 使普通炭黑生产与废旧高分子物料的再生加工 流程间的能量、 物料能互通有无, 减少生产体系与环境间的传质; 第三, 提供一种实施本 发明所提方法, 即实现前述两个目的所用及的集成装置。
针对本发明的第一目的, 本发明内容具体是: 变现在的对废旧高分子物料的热裂解与 非热裂解这两大类处理方法之间的原料竞争关系为协同循环利用关系; 通过对现有粉碎、
精细粉碎处理废旧橡胶、 塑料方法的改进, 对现在的常温粉碎工艺或常温粉碎和再生胶各 分支工艺间实施优势互补;
为实现本发明的第一目的, 所述内容中还提供一种对从轮胎、 胶带等废旧高分子制品 中分离所得的杂废纤维作再次循环利用的处理方案及其产品。
本发明的第一目的在于得到一种不产生废料、 废渣、 抑制粉尘污染的组合式废旧高分 子物料再生循环利用的方法。 其过程中能够消除热裂解法产生的废焦油, 能够消除胶粉、 再生胶生产中破切分离过程产生的杂废纤维,以及能解决热裂解法产生的炭黑(渣)不易直 接利用、 且生产中造成粉尘污染的问题, 能解决剪切磨盘法不能处理发黏的胶种物料的问 题, 能解决磨轮法不能将所有物料都处理成细粉料且不能处理带有刚质骨架物料的问题, 能解决磨轮法所得细胶粉在使用时与胶料的相溶性不佳问题, 能解决再生胶法必须采用精 炼步骤导致耗能较高的问题等。
针对本发明的第二目的, 本发明内容具体是: 针对现有普通炭黑生产过程与废旧高分 子物料的循环再生过程互不相干, 存在各生产流程的能量、 物料在各生产流程自身无法合 理悉数利用的缺陷, 提供一种普通炭黑与废旧高分子物料再生加工的联产方式, 使普通炭 黑生产与废旧高分子物料的再生加工流程间的能量、 物料能互通有无, 被充分利用。
本发明的第二目的在于将炭黑生产过程中, 从尾气余热经锅炉回收的蒸汽, 经汽轮机 回收的电能, 供予废旧高分子物料的再生加工所需, 使回收的蒸汽、 电能得到了商业化的 升值利用; 将废旧高分子物料热裂解再生加工所得的可燃气或 /和燃料油, 供予炭黑生产作 炭源、 燃料, 能使低值的物料 (特别是可燃气) 能得到商业化的升值。
针对本发明的第三目的, 本发明内容中为实现前述第一目的的集成装置, 具体是: 以 取现在对废旧高分子物料的热裂解与非热裂解这两大类处理集成装置的长处, 组合后能消 除其各自的不足; 以取胶粉、再生胶各分支工艺装置的长处, 组合后能弥补其各自的不足; 这其中还包括提供一种分级效率高于现有机械筛的胶粉粒度分级组合装置;
本发明内容中为实现前述第二目的的集成装置, 具体是: 将生产普通炭黑的集成装置 与废旧橡、 塑高分子物料的热裂解、 粉碎、 再生胶、 热挤出造粒法等再生利用加工的一种 或一种以上流程的集成装置实现再组合。
发明构思
对废旧高分子物料再生,或和普通炭黑联产方法的构思:
涉及对废旧橡、塑高分子物料的热裂解与非热裂解这两大类工艺之间组合的,具体有:
1.利用热裂解法易于处理含杂废旧高分子物料, 以及热裂解炉或塔或釜或柱或转窑中 尚有装料空间潜力的特点, 用热裂解法来处理由再生胶、 胶粉生产过程中产生且又难于处 理的杂碎纤维骨架物料;
2.利用橡胶常温粉碎法中, 剪切磨盘工艺可直接用细于 5〜200 目的易碎刚性物料做隔 离剂的特点, 将热裂解法处理废橡胶等所得的炭黑仅处理到细于 5~250目, 省去超细粉碎 或 /和超细粉末表面处理、装袋等操作, 把能过 5~250目筛网的炭黑用于橡胶常温粉碎法中 剪切磨盘工艺, 制成超细胶粉与炭黑粉末的混合物产品; 所述混合物产品中的超细胶粉都 能过 100 目网筛, 炭黑粉末都能过 200 目网筛; 所述混合物产品可以是包括但不限于 100-200目范围的粒度分级或混合产品;
3.利用再生胶生产中可用低沸点馏份极少的焦油渣做优质软化剂, 以及在密闭动态断 硫罐中塑化的胶粉物料易于与其它粉末等物料相混的特点, 将热裂解处理废旧高分子物料 所得的炭黑或 /和焦油渣与胶粉相配, 利用再生胶工艺设备处理, 得到含炭黑粉末或 /和焦 油的再生胶混合物料;
4.从热裂解法与非热裂解法都相关的产品能质量最优, 效益最大, 以及使各分支法组 合后废弃物排弃量趋于最少为关联条件, 得出一个相关比例区间, 变现在是对原料无序竞 争的各分支法, 能成为有比例的协同利用关系。
涉及常温粉碎或常温粉碎和再生胶各分支工艺间的组合, 具体有:
5.利用橡胶常温粉碎法中磨轮、 剪切磨盘工艺各自的优点, 将两者进行组合, 以使适 用常温粉碎法的胶种能更多, 处理物料都能达到理想的过 100~200目筛网的细度。
6.改现行常温精细或超细粉碎工艺中仅设置一道的剪切磨盘粉碎处理, 变成至少是设 置有两道串联的剪切磨盘粉碎加工, 以利用物料在有隔离剂存在时的不易黏团性, 增加对 物料的粉碎加工深度。
7. 在磨轮粉碎工艺经分级工序所得细胶粉的后续处理中, 设置拌入塑化助剂的工段。
8.利用再生胶、 胶粉工艺各自的优点, 将两者进行组合, 以橡胶常温粉碎法得到的至 少是细于等于 100目的超细胶粉, 或超细胶粉和细于等于 200目的炭黑等粉体混合物, 将 其代替现行再生胶工艺的高温入罐处理的粗胶粉, 两者组合后, 可减少或省去现行再生胶
工艺的精炼处理, 所得物料又可兼有再生胶、 胶粉的优点。
涉及一种对从轮胎、 胶带等废旧高分子制品中分离所得的杂废纤维做再次循环利用的 处理方案及其产品, 具体有:
• 9. 将杂废纤维变成一种毛毡状或胶、 油毡状的产品形态, 把其用作橡、 塑制品的二次 骨架原料等;
10. 将杂废纤维与塑化胶料、 油类等相混, 使杂废纤维表面覆盖上一层能与橡、 塑胶 料相亲的偶连层, 使杂废纤维能易于再分散于橡、 塑胶料, 且能与之再牢固结合。
11. 偶连层或称偶连剂中的胶料、 油类选料注意遵从通用橡胶、 特种橡胶、 塑料的公 知配伍原则。
涉及对普通炭黑与废旧橡、 塑高分子物料的再生加工工艺之间的组合, 具体有:
12. 将炭黑生产中,从尾气余热回收来的蒸汽, 供予废旧橡、 塑再生加工所需的加热;
13. 将炭黑生产中, 从尾气余热回收的电能, 供予废旧橡、 塑再生加工的机械用电;
14. 将废旧橡、 塑热裂解所得的可燃气或 /和燃料油, 供予炭黑生产作炭源、 燃料。 为了实现本发明的第一目的, 提出上述 1~10 的构思, 即: 对现有粉碎、 精细粉碎处 理废旧橡胶、 塑料方法的改进, 将现有粉碎方法中的剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎工艺与磨轮 式橡胶精细粉碎工艺组合使用,或者再将改进后的粉碎方法与热裂解方法或 /和断硫、塑化、 混合方法组合,综合各方法的优点。其中一种方法产生的废料能够被另一种方法有效利用, 该系统组合后的方法可以消除常规方法独立实施产生的废弃物, 例如从常规废旧橡、 塑裂 解法独立实施得到的炭黑渣、 焦油渣, 从常规粉碎法独立实施得到的杂废纤维、 过粗的胶 块、 过细的胶粉, 都在组合方法中得到了回收利用。 此外, 本发明方法的前期处理步骤可 以提高后续处理步骤的工作效率, 例如将剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎工艺与磨轮式橡胶精细 粉碎工艺组合使用, 提高了 100-200目细胶粉的产出率; 将剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎工艺、 磨轮式橡胶精细粉碎工艺与加热断硫、 塑化、 混合工艺结合, 得到的再生胶产品无需反复 塑炼, 节省了能耗。
为了实现本发明的第二目的, 提出上述 11~13的构思, gp : 将有热、 电能放出的普通 炭黑生产与大量耗能的废旧橡、 塑再生加工过程相组合, 使炭黑生产与废旧橡、 塑的再生 流程间的能量、 物料能充分被利用。
实现了本发明第一、 二目的的组合再生流程, 即是一种全组份利用, 无废料排弃, 过 程能耗底, 升值产品多, 产品用途大, 能多应变市场的处理方法。
对能实施前述方法所用及的集成装置的构思:
涉及废旧橡、 塑高分子物料的热裂解与非热裂解这两大类集成装置之间组合的, 具体 有:
15.—种包括有对废旧高分子物料实施热裂解和实施精细、 超细粉碎, 或 /和实施断硫 塑化、 混合等加工子组合装置的集成装置。
16.将公知的三类对废旧高分子物料实施不同处理的子组合装置, 即包括对高分子物料 实施热裂解等加工的子组合装置 A, 和实施精细或超细粉碎等加工的子组合装置 B, 或 / 和实施断硫塑化、 混合、 捏炼等加工的子组合装置 C, 进行再组合, 成为含有 A和 B或 / 和 C组合功能的集成装置。
17.前述的子组合装置 A, (以下简称子装置 A或组合装置 A,)其中包括: 公知的对高 分子物料实施热裂解等加工的组合装置。
18.前述的子组合装置 B, (以下简称子装置 B或组合装置 Β, )其中包括: 公知的含有 滚筒磨细碎机的组合装置, 或 /和公知的含有剪切磨盘细碎机的组合装置;
所述的子装置 Β, 其中包括: 本发明将现行分别实施的常温精细或超细粉碎工艺中所 用及的磨轮组合装置 (Β磨), 剪切磨盘组合装置 (Β剪), 再组合成联合实施常温精细或 超细粉碎工艺的组合装置 (Β磨、 剪)。
19.前述的子组合装置 C, (以下简称子装置 C或组合装置 C,)其中包括: 公知的实施 再生胶工艺的组合装置;
所述的子装置 C, 其中包括: 本发明将现行公知的实施再生胶工艺的组合装置上省却 了精炼处理装置的再集成装置。
涉及常温粉碎或常温粉碎和再生胶各分支集成装置之间的组合, 具体有:
20.将现行分别实施的常温精细或超细粉碎工艺中所用及的磨轮组合装置 (B 磨), 剪 切磨盘组合装置(B剪), 再组合成含有磨轮和剪切磨盘单元粉碎机械的, 能将处理物料都 加工成细于等于 100目胶粉的组合装置 (B磨、 剪)。
21.将现行常温精细或超细粉碎工艺中所用及的剪切磨盘组合装置(B—级剪) 中仅设 置有一级的剪切磨盘单元粉碎机械, 变成至少是设置有两级剪切磨盘单元粉碎机械串联的
组合装置 B (B二级剪)。
22.将上述构思 19.所述的含有磨轮和剪切磨盘单元机械的, 能将处理物料都加工成至 少细于等于 100目胶粉的组合装置 (B磨、 剪) 与公知的实施再生胶工艺的组合装置 C, 再组合成 (B磨、 剪) 和 C的集成装置。
23.在磨轮组合装置 (B磨) 中的分级装置之后, 设置能加入塑化助剂、 拌和的机械。
24.用将能把处理物料都加工成至少细于等于 100目胶粉的组合装置 B与现行公知的实 施再生胶工艺的组合装置上省却了精炼处理装置的 C, 再组合成 B和 C的集成装置。
25.在精细或超细胶粉粉碎机出料口或 /和其后的待筛分粉料集料仓后与机械筛和细粉 集料仓之间设置一种分级效率高于现有仅用机械筛的胶粉粒度分级工段的组合装置, 所述 设置的胶粉粒度分级组合装置, 其特征在于- 粒度分级组合装置是由一重力〜气流颗粒分级器与旋 分离器串联所组成。
其中所述的重力〜气流颗粒分级器, 要达到如下的效果, 具体是:
以一次风携带混合粒径胶粉物料进入重力〜气流颗粒分级器; 在重力〜气流颗粒分级器 中至少要有一段使一次风携带混合粒径胶粉物料的气流能减速的流段, 使一次风流中携带 的粗粒径胶粉物料能沉积下来; 用二次风流与携颗粒物料重力向流在一次风的减速流段交 汇碰撞; 在停机时不会有物料从二次风流到漏出设备外; 一次风携带混合粒径胶粉物料的 气流与二次风流交汇碰撞后, 粗粒垂直下落, 细粒随尾风进入旋风分离器, 要可控的不让 粗粒进入尾风流; 工效能比现时仅用摇摆筛、 离心筛分级胶粉粒度的工段至少提高一倍。
涉及普通炭黑与废旧橡、 塑高分子物料再生加工联产所用集成装置组合的, 具体有:
26. 将生产普通炭黑的组合集成装置 E与对废旧高分子物料实施热裂解的集成装置 A 或 /和实施精细、超细粉碎的集成装置 B, 或 /和实施断硫塑化、混合等加工子组合装置的集 成装置 C或 /和实施热挤出的集成装置 D, 再组合成的集成装置;
在具体涉及普通炭黑与废旧橡、 塑高分子物料再生加工联产所用集成装置组合的产能 配套时, 请注意利用以下参数:
a.以油 (煤焦油: 乙烯焦油: 蒽油 =20: 50: 30) 为原料的 1 万吨 /年产的炭黑标准 化设计装置, 其炭黑炉尾气每小时可供干基尾气 11000NM3, 将其用作燃料, 一年的收集量 就相当于 1500吨标准煤,利用炭黑炉尾气发电的企业, 通常会将所发电量的 50%输给商业 电网;
b.火力发电厂每度电耗标准煤 200~400克范围, 每吨标准煤量约能产生蒸汽 5~7吨; c "热裂解"技术可将废轮胎裂解成 45%的燃料油、 35%碳黑、 10%钢丝、 10%可燃 气体;
d.以年处理 1万吨废轮胎制胶粉的装置, 其电机的总额定功率在 960瓧左右; e.再生塑料, 每吨耗电在 150~1500千瓦时范围;
f.废轮胎循环利用, 生产 1 吨再生胶的耗电量平均为 1200千瓦时,生产 1吨 (40~80 目) 胶粉的耗电量平均为 600干瓦时,热裂解 1吨废轮胎的耗电量为 200千瓦时;
g. 生产 1吨细于等于 100目超细胶粉的耗电量平均为 500~550干瓦时。
技术方案
一种对废旧橡、塑高分子物料组合再生或再生过程和普通炭黑相联产方法,具体地说, 针对本发明第一目的的构思 1~11实现的技术方案, 其特征是:
涉及对废旧高分子物料实施热裂解与非热裂解这两大类处理工艺之间组合的至少包 括如下 3个步骤之间的组合, 具体是- 步骤 I, 对一部分废旧高分子物料实施破切或粗碎加工, 得到中间产物组 I, 所述的 中间产物组 I包括但不限于: 50~800x50~800mm 的废旧高分子物料的大胶块, 或 5~200 目的废旧高分子物料粉粒, 或废旧高分子物料粉粒和杂碎纤维骨架;
步骤 II, 对另一部分废旧高分子物料, 或 /和步骤 I的中间产物组 I中的杂碎纤维骨架 实施加热裂解及其后续加工, 得到产品组 II和中间产物组 Π ; 所述的产品组 II, 包括: 热 裂解油或 /和其分馏、 精馏产物, 或金属骨架和热裂解油或 /和其分馏、 精镏产物; 所述的 中间产物组 II , 包括: 热裂解炭黑渣或焦油渣;
步骤 III, 将步骤 II所得中间产物组 II 中的热裂解炭黑渣或 /和焦油渣与步骤 I所得的 中间产物组 I中的 5~200目的废旧高分子物料粉粒混合在一起,实施超细粉碎或 /和加热断 硫、 塑化、 混合的加工, 又得到产品组 I, 所述的产品组 I, 包括但不限于 : 超细胶粉与 炭黑粉末的混合物, 所述混合物中的超细胶粉都能过 100目网筛, 炭黑粉末都能过 200目 网筛; 或细于 200目的热裂解炭黑和已塑化的废旧高分子物料的胶状混合物;
即经过采用废旧高分子物料组合循环利用的方法, 能得到产品组 I和产品组 II; 所述 产品组 I, 其中包括但不限于: 超细胶粉与炭黑粉末的混合物, 所述混合物中的超细胶粉
都能过 100 目网筛, 炭黑粉末都能过 200 目网筛, 所述混合物产品可以是包括但不限于 100-200目范围的粒度分级或混合产品; 或细于 200 目的热裂解炭黑和己塑化的废旧高分 子物料的粉状或 /和胶状混合物; 所述 "产品组 11 ", 其中包括: 热裂解油或 /和其精分馏产 物, 或金属骨架和热裂解油或 /和其精镏产物。
所述的组合循环利用的方法, 其特征还包括:
以控制步骤 I、 步骤 II的投料品种、 数量的方式, 掌控中间产物组 I中的 50~800x 50~800mm的废旧高分子物料的胶块, 或 /和 5~200目的废旧高分子物料粉粒, 与中间产物 组 II中的热裂解炭黑的重量之比在 100: 10~900范围, 尤以 100: 20~60和 100: 400-900 两区间为最佳范围;
以控制步骤 I、 步骤 II的投料品种、 数量的方式, 掌控中间产物组 I中的 50~500x 50~500的废旧高分子物料的胶块, 或 /和 5~200 目的废旧高分子物料粉粒, 与中间产物组 II中的焦油渣的重量之比在 100: 2~100范围, 尤以 100: 2~20范围为佳。
前述步骤 II中涉及对另一部分废旧高分子物料和步骤 I的中间产物组 I中的杂碎纤维 骨架一起实施加热裂解的加工;以及步骤 III中涉及将步骤 II所得中间产物组 II 中的热裂解 炭黑渣或 /和焦油渣与步骤 I所得的中间产物组 I中的 5~200 目的废旧高分子物料粉粒混 合在一起, 实施超细粉碎或 /和加热断硫、 塑化、 混合的加工; 这两项可分别采用向市场购 进 /卖出物料的方式独立实施。
所述一种废旧高分子物料循环组合再生的方法, 还涉及对现市的常温粉碎或常温粉碎 和再生胶各分支工艺间实施优势互补方案, 此方案可独立实施。
其中所述常温粉碎工艺各分支间实施优势互补方案, 其特征是: 将不含金属骨架等有 害杂质的己分类的 50~800x50~800mm大块废旧高分子物料, 置其于磨轮组合装置中的进 料斗中, 大块物料经磨轮式橡胶精细粉碎机处理后, 大块废旧高分子物料被磨碎成 20~200 目的混合胶粉料,再脱除混合胶粉料中可能夹带的非金属纤维杂质或 /和过 100目筛的细胶 粉, 混合胶粉料或未过 100目筛的粗胶粉料再与粉末隔离等助剂相混后导入剪切磨盘式橡 胶精细粉碎机中进行再粉碎, 粉碎物料用气流导入旋风分离器中, 旋风分离器的尾气经除 尘器后排空或 /和再利用, 将旋风分离器中收集的粉碎物料导入至粗为 100目的网筛分级、 分离,未过 100目网的粗物料收集后导入前道胶粉料与粉末隔离等助剂相混工序再行混合、 粉碎操作, 过网物料收集后导入成品仓; 所得至少包括但不限于细于等于 100、 110、 120、 130、 140、 150、 160、 170、 180、 190、 200的各分级或混合级胶粉成品, 它们可作为商品 出售。
¾中所述常温粉碎工艺各分支间实施优势互补方案, 还包括对常温粉碎工艺中剪切磨 盘法的改进方案, 其特征是: 将在公知的剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎工艺中得到的, 其中己 至少含有 30%重量的能过 200目的混合粒径胶粉, 将其至少再在剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎 机里再粉碎一次, 使之成为至少含有 75%能过 200目的混合粒径胶粉物料; 此改进方案特 别适用于用粗目数如 5~20 目的热裂解炭黑渣等刚性物料与高分子物料的粉碎操作, 因为 此方案能有效避免采用一次过机的超细粉碎, 常会带来所得产物中有粗于 200目的炭黑等 刚性物料的弊病。
还包括对常温粉碎工艺中的磨轮粉碎法所得细胶粉的后续塑化改性方案, 其特征是: 在磨轮粉碎法工艺经分级工序所得细胶粉的后续处理中, 设置拌入塑化助剂的工续, 所述 的塑化助剂为公知物料或 /和用公知物料的配方混合物,所述的细胶粉以细于等于 100目者 为佳。
其中所述常温粉碎和再生胶各分支工艺间实施优势互补方案, 其特征是: 将不含金属 骨架等有害杂质的已分类的 50~800x50~800mm大块废旧高分子物料, 置其于磨轮组合装 置中的进料斗中, 大块物料经磨轮式橡胶磨处理后, 大块废旧高分子物料被磨碎成 20~200 目的混合胶粉料, 再脱除混合胶粉料中可能夹带的非金属纤维杂质, 混合胶粉料再与粉末 隔离等助剂相混后导入剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎机中进行再粉碎, 粉碎物料用气流导入分 级机、 旋风分离器中, 旋风分离器的尾气经除尘器后排空或 /和再利用, 将旋风分离器中收 集的粉碎物料导入工间储存料仓, 所得粉碎物料的后续加工与公知的再生胶工艺相衔接; 此所得的精细粉碎物料中约含有至少 80%以上的能过 100目网筛的胶粉, 用此所得的精细 (80-100 目) 与超细胶粉 (细于等于 100 目) 的混合物代替再生胶工艺目前所用的 5~40 目粗胶粉, 能减少再生胶工艺中的精炼操作至少 50%。
其中所述常温粉碎和再生胶各分支工艺间实施优势互补方案, 其特征是: 或将常温粉 碎得到的至少能过 100目网筛的胶粉与公知的再生胶工艺相衔接, 但省却公知的再生胶工 艺中最后的精炼操作。
如前所述的高分子物料, 从材料分类上讲, 是指: 包含橡胶、 塑胶、 塑料的一种或一
种以上的配方混合物; 或从含有橡胶、 塑胶、 塑料的制品分类上讲, 是指: 包括但不限于, 输送带、 同步带、 密封条、 编织袋、 轮胎、 胶带、 胶管、 胶鞋、 胶板、 纤维、 膜袋、 绳、 盆等的一种或一种以上的配方混合物制品。
本发明所述方法还提供一种对从轮胎、 胶带等废旧高分子制品中分离所得的杂废纤维 做再次循环利用的处理方案, 其特征是: 将杂废纤维与塑化橡胶料或 /和油类物料按 (重 量比) 100: 5~100相混, 得到一种毛毡状或胶、 油毡状的混合物; 所述塑化橡胶料、 油类 物料, 至少包含下列一种或一种以上的物料-
(a)含油植物仁、 果类物料, (b)植物油、 树脂及衍生物类物料, (c)含油脂脱色渣 泥类物料, (d)橡、 塑常用软化剂, 以及 (e)硫化橡胶粉的改性物, (f)橡、 塑乳液; 其 中,
' (a) 含油植物仁、 果类物料, 包括但不限于: 桐油树子仁、 油橄榄仁、 椰子仁、 棉 子仁、 菜子、 花生仁、 大豆、 棕榈子仁、 红花子、 葵花子仁、 茶子仁、 亚麻子、 苏子仁、 橡胶子仁、 油橄榄肉、 乌桕子仁、 文冠果仁、 山杏仁、 毛株子、 榛子、 黄连木子、 楝树子、 核桃仁、 翅果油树子仁, 未成熟的松果等的一种或一种以上的组合;
(b) 植物油、 树脂及衍生物类物料, 包括但不限于: 玉米胚芽油、 米糠油、 棉子油、 菜子油、 花生油、 大豆油、 棕榈油、 葵花子油、 橄榄油、 茶子油、 椰子仁油、 桐油、 亚麻 子油、 乌桕子仁油、 苏子油、 餐馆回收油、 松香、 太古油、 氢化松香、 脱氢松香、 松香甘 油酯、 松香季戊四醇酯、 二甲苯松香树脂、 松香酯、 松树树脂、 水杉树脂、 榆树树脂、 桃 树树脂、 废花生浆等的一种或一种以上的组合;
(c) 含油脂脱色渣泥类物料, 包括但不限于: 油脂、 炼油厂脱色净化工段排弃的含 油、 脂、 脂肪酸的活性炭或白土的渣泥等的一种或一种以上的组合;
(d) 橡塑常用软化剂, 包括但不限于: 润滑油、 机油、 白油、 卤化石蜡油、 石蜡油、 三线油、 六线油、 变压器油、 聚丁烯油、 C4〜18脂肪酸、 凡士林、 卤化石蜡、 石蜡、 蜂蜡、 动物油、 黑油膏、 白油膏、 无臭沥青、 乳化沥青、 环氧大豆油、 烷基酚醛树脂、 萜稀树脂、 石油树脂、 特辛基酚醛树脂、 古马隆、 苯乙烯树脂、 低分子聚乙烯蜡、 低分子聚丙烯蜡、 硬脂酸、 软脂酸、 油酸、 棕榈酸、 聚乙烯醇、 戊醇、 己醇、 庚醇、 辛醇、 癸醇、 十二醇、 十四醇、 十六醇、 十八醇、 环戊醇、 环己醇、 苯甲醇、 乙二醇、 丙二醇、 丙三醇、 2-乙基 己醇、 2-辛醇、 月桂醇、 松油醇、 (C7〜18)混合脂肪醇、 季戊四醇、 木糖醇、 一缩二丙二 醇、 邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、 邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯、 邻苯二甲酸二脂族醇酯、 磷酸三丁酯、 磷 酸三乙酯、 磷酸三苯酯、 磷酸三甲苯酯、 磷酸二苯基 -2-乙基己酯、 对苯二甲酸二辛脂、 己 二酸二辛脂、己二酸二 -2-乙基己基酯、癸二酸二 -2-乙基己基酯等的一种或一种以上的组合;
(e)硫化橡胶粉的改性物, 包括但不限于: 硫化橡胶粉的断硫塑化物、用硫化橡胶粉 改性的沥青、 再生橡胶乳化物、 胶粉改性沥青的乳化物等的一种或一种以上的组合;
(f)橡、 塑乳液, 包括但不限于: 橡胶乳化液、 橡胶沥青乳化液、 废塑料沥青乳化液 等的一种或一种以上的组合。
如前所述方法中还可包含一种杂废纤维做再次循环利用的产品, 其特征是: 杂废纤维 与塑化橡胶料或 /和油类等物料按 (重量比) 100: 5-100 相配所得的一种毛毡状或胶、 油 毡状的混合物。
针对本发明第二目的的构思 12~14实现的技术方案, 其特征是:
将源于有可燃气、 余热产生的生产过程中产生的尾气, 经余热锅炉回收, 转化所得的 蒸汽, 供予废旧橡、 塑高分子物料再生加工所需的加热;
或 /和将源于有可燃气、 余热产生的生产过程中产生的尾气, 经余热锅炉、 汽轮机转化 所得的电能, 供予废旧橡、 塑高分子物料再生加工的机械用电;
所述的有可燃气、 余热产生的生产过程, 包括但不限于: 普通炭黑生产、 焦炭生产、 还原炼铁、 炼钢等。
或 /和将废旧橡、 塑高分子物料高分子物料热裂解所得的可燃气或 /和燃料油, 供予炭 黑生产作炭源、 燃料。
所述的普通炭黑生产过程是指采用烃类为炭源,采用气相不完全燃烧或热裂解法生产 炭黑, 其生产装置伴有可燃余热尾气放出的炭黑生产过程。
所述的废旧橡、 塑高分子物料再生加工, 包括但不限于如下所述的一种或一种以上的 再生加工过程的组合:
废旧轮胎热裂解, 废杂橡胶热裂解, 废旧塑料、 塑胶热裂解, 废旧轮胎制再生橡胶, 废杂橡胶制再生橡胶, 废旧轮胎制橡胶颗粒、 粉末, 废杂橡胶制橡胶颗粒、 粉末, 废旧塑 料、 塑胶制粒子、 粉末, 废旧橡胶或 /和塑料制混炼胶, 废旧橡胶或 /和塑料制粉末等;
所述的废旧橡、 塑高分子物料再生加工所需的加热, 包括但不限于如下所述的一种或 一种以上的加工所需:
推动废旧橡、 塑高分子物料再生加工生产线所配备的汽轮发电机, 加热再生橡胶所用 的断硫加热罐, 加热胶粉的混料搅拌槽等;
所述的供予废旧橡、塑高分子物料再生加工的机械用电, 其特征是: 所述的电能供予, 是不通过商业电网的直接供予。
实现本发明所述方法所用及的集成装置,具体地说,针对本发明第三目的的构思 15~26 实现的技术方案, 其特征是- 涉及热裂解与非热裂解这两大类集成装置之间组合的, 具体有:
一种包括对废旧高分子物料实施热裂解等加工的子装置 A,或 /和精细或超细粉碎等加 工的子装置 B, 或 /和断硫塑化、 混合等加工的子装置 C进行组合集成的装置, 其特征是: 用子装置八、 B、 C进行有机的组合, 得到包括由在公知配置的子装置 A和 B或 /和 C 基础上, 经加、 减其各自的子配套设置后的再集成。
其中所述的子装置 A, 是指: 能对高分子物料实施热裂解以得到热裂解油、 热裂解炭 黑, 或热裂解炭黑、 金属骨架、 热裂解油, 或得到热裂解油、 焦油渣等产物的热裂解及其 前置、 后续配套处理的装置;
其中所述的子装置 B, 是指: 对高分子物料实施精细粉碎以得到 40~120目混合粉料, 或超细粉碎以得到都细于 100目的粉料等产物的粉碎及其前置、 后续配套处理的装置; 其中所述的子装置 C, 是指: 对高分子物料实施断硫塑化、 混合、 捏炼等加工, 以得 到塑化胶的塑化及其前置、 后续配套处理的装置。
所述的集成装置, 其中的子装置 A包括有热裂解炉或罐或塔或柱或转窑, 放置 "产品 组 I "的 "热裂解油"储料仓, 或 "热裂解油" 储料仓和 "金属骨架"集料机构, 放置 "中 间产物组 I "的 "热裂解炭黑"储料仓, 或 "焦油渣"储料仓、 池等设置;
其中的装置 B包括有常温精细粉碎机, 或常温精细粉碎机和粗碎机, 放置 "中间产物 组 II "的 "5~200目高分子粉粒料"储料仓, "杂碎纤维骨架"集料机构, 放置 "产品组 II " 的 "热裂解炭黑和废旧高分子物料都细于 100目的粉末状"混合物储料仓等设置;
其中的装置 C包括有能密闭的加热加压的搅拌罐或釜, 或粗碎机和能密闭的加热加压 的搅拌罐、 釜, 或密炼机, 或挤出机, 放置 "中间产物组 II " 的 "5~40目高分子粉粒料" 储料仓或场所, "杂碎纤维骨架"集料机构, 放置 "产品组 II "的 "细于 200目的热裂解炭 黑和已塑化的废旧高分子物料的胶状"混合物场所等设置。
所述的集成装置以及各子装置八、 B、 C的改良组合, 其特征还包括- 其中的子装置 A,包括在公知的处理废轮胎等橡胶的热裂解成套装备的炭黑处理工段, 减去配套的炭黑超细粉碎或 /和超细炭黑装袋装备; 在其裂解炉或罐或塔或柱或转窑之前 的原料进口与子装置 B的 "杂碎纤维骨架"集料机构间设置有输入杂碎纤维的机构; 在其 细于 5~250目的 "热裂解炭黑"粉各分级储料仓与子装置 B间设置有输送机构; 或再在其 细于 200 500目的 "热裂解炭黑" 细粉储料仓与子装置 C间设置有输送炭黑的机构; 其中的子装置 B, 包括在公知的处理废轮胎橡胶的常温精细粉碎或超细粉碎的成套装 备的待细碎物储料仓或配料工段的机构与子装置 A间设置有输入炭黑的机构; 在其 "杂碎 纤维骨架"集料机构与子装置 A间设置有输送杂碎纤维的机构;
其中的子装置 C, 包括在公知的生产再生橡胶的成套装备的动态断硫罐或釜或捏炼或 挤出设备前, 与子装置 A的细于 200目的 "热裂解炭黑" 细粉储料仓间设置有输入炭黑 的机构; 在其 "杂碎纤维骨架"集料机构与子装置 A间设置有输送杂碎纤维的机构。
所述的集成装置, 以子装置 A中的核心装置一热裂解炉或罐或塔或柱或转窑, 与子装 置 B中的核心装置——精细粉碎机,或与子装置 C中的核心装置——断硫罐或釜或捏炼或 挤出设备之间的距离, 以不多于 200米为者佳。
前述集成装置中的输送炭黑、 杂碎纤维的机构, 是指: 螺旋输送机、 刮板输送机、 链 斗输送机、 管链输送机、 气流输送机、 输送运载车等的一种或一种以上的组合。
前述集成装置中的输送焦油渣的机构, 是指: 在物料呈流体时的输送管道、运送槽车, 或在物料呈固态时的运载车等的一种或一种以上的组合。
所述的集成装置, 其特征还包括:
设置有能实施将子装置 A中得到的可过 180~250目筛网的热裂解炭黑输加至子装置 B 中的操作机械, 再设置有将炭黑与子装置 B中的 5~30 目的粉粒状高分子物料一起被超细 粉碎成细于 100目混合物的操作机械;
或设置有能实施将子装置 A中得到的细于 200目,最佳为细于 500目的热裂解炭黑输 加至子装置 C中, 再与 5~30 目的粒状高分子物料一起被混合处理, 成为一过辊就能连片
的胶料状混合物的操作机械;
或设置有能实施将子装置 A中得到的热裂解焦油渣被加入到粉碎加工子装置 B中,与 已被粉碎成过 100目筛的混合物粉料相混配的操作机械;
或设置有能实施将子装置 A中得到的热裂解焦油渣输送至子装置 C中, 再与 5~30目 的粉粒状高分子物料一起被配方, 然后再经高温混合处理, 成为一过辊就能连片的胶料混 合物的操作机械;
或设置有能实施将子装置 B或子装置 C中被破碎、 筛分出的纤维, 输送至子装置 A 中进行热裂解处理的操作机械。
所述的组合循环利用的方法,其中的步骤 I是在所述集成装置的子装置 B或 /和子装置 C中的核心装置之前所设置配套处理的粗碎、 筛分装置中完成; 其中的步骤 II是在所述集 成装置的子装置 A中的核心及其后续配套处理的装置中完成;其中的步骤 III是在所述集成 装置的子装置 B或 /和子装置 C中的核心及其后续配套处理的装置中完成, 这包括 B中的 精细、 超细粉碎、 混合等装置, 或 /和 C中的高温罐、 密炼机、 挤出机等装置。
实施本发明所述方法的集成装置, 还涉及对现在的常温粉碎或常温粉碎和再生胶各分 支集成装置之间的 B或 B和 C实施优势互补的组合设置,此组合设置可独立实施,具体有: 常温粉碎工艺各分支所用的集成装置 B内之间实施优势互补方案, 其特征是: 在公知 的磨轮式常温精细粉碎组合装置 (B滚) 中的存放胶粉或胶粉与粉末隔离剂混合物的储料 仓, 与剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎组合装置 (B剪) 中的剪切磨盘精细粉碎机的进料口之间 设置导料机构, 并保留原 (B剪) 在其剪切磨盘精细粉碎核心单元机械前序、 后续的机械 设置, 并保留原 (B滚) 在其存放胶粉或胶粉与粉末隔离剂混合物的储料仓的前序机械设 置;
常温粉碎工艺各分支所用的集成装置 B内之间实施优势互补方案, 其特征是: 在公知 的剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎组合装置 (B剪) 中的精细粉碎、 风导螺旋分离的粉碎料出口 后, 再设置至少一组的由剪切磨盘式精细粉碎、 风导螺旋分离的单元机械串联的粉碎、 风 导出料的机构, 变现有公知的剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎组合装置 (B—级剪) 中的一级精 细粉碎设置为至少是含有两级串联的精细粉碎设置, 即成为组合装置 (B二级剪);
在常温粉碎法中的磨轮组合装置(B磨)中加设对细胶粉的塑化处理装置的改良方案, 其特征是: 在磨轮组合装置 (B磨) 中的分级装置之后, 设置能加入塑化助剂、 拌和的机 械,所述的机械至少包括拌合机、捏合机、混合螺杆机、(放置塑化助剂、与胶粉混合料的) 料槽等的 ^■种或一种以上的组合,
常温粉碎和再生胶各分 装置之间的 B和 C实施优势互补方案, 其特征是: 在常 温精细粉碎组合装置 (Β滚)或 /和 (Β剪) 的存放至少 60%以上是能过 100目网筛的胶粉 储料仓与公知的再生胶组合装置 C中的粗胶粉储料仓或 /和高温罐或 /和密炼机或 /和螺杆机 之间设置导料机构;
所述的导料机构, 也是指: 螺旋输送机、 刮板输送机、 链斗输送机、 管链输送机、 气 流输送机、 输送运载车的一种或一种以上的组合。
在精细或超细粉碎机出料口或 /和其后的待筛分粉料集料仓后与机械筛和细粉集料仓 之间设置一种分级效率高于现有仅用机械筛的胶粉粒度分级工段的组合装置, 针对本发明 构思 25实现的技术方案, 其特征是:
设置的胶粉粒度分级组合装置是由旋风分离器 1 与一重力〜气流颗粒分级器相串联所 组成;
其中所述的重力〜气流颗粒分级器, 其构造特征以使用如下形式的为佳, 具体是: 设置一次风的进风道 2, 将携带混合粒径胶粉的一次风导入重力〜气流颗粒分级器; 设 置使一次风线速度减慢的减速流段 3, 使粗、 重胶粉粒子分离、 沉积出来; 设置水平或向 上倾斜的尾风通道 4,使从重力~气流颗粒分级器中分出的细粒子离去时尽可能不带走粗粒 胶粉; 设置倾斜或垂直向下的二次风进风道 5, 以防停机时会有物料漏出; 在减速流段 3 的近地点处, 设置二次风流与颗粒物料重力向流的交汇碰撞点 6, 所述的交汇碰撞点 6在 重力 ~气流颗粒分级器中至少设置一个; 在重力〜气流颗粒分级器中分出的粗粒子从垂直设 置的下落道 7流落出重力〜气流颗粒分级器。
在如上所述的重力〜气流颗粒分级器的构造特征中, 还包括:
二次风流与颗粒物料重力向流的交汇碰撞点 6, 其两流的碰撞角以小于等于 90°为佳, 两流碰撞后的离去角以大于等于 120°为佳;
所述的对一次风实施减速的流段, 具体地说是将此风道设置成能使一次风的线速度相 对于一次风在入此风道设置前变慢的管路, 即此段设置的风道截面积大于此段的进段风道 截面积。
针对本发明第三目的的构思 26实现的技术方案, 其特征是:
在炭黑生产装置 E与废旧橡、 塑二次利用再生加工的生产装置 A或 /和 B或 /和 C或 / 和 D之间设置有能量、 物料的输送机构;
所述的输送机构, 其特征包括但不限于:
在炭黑生产装置 E中的余热回收蒸汽储汽包与废旧橡、塑二次利用加工的生产装置 (热 裂解 A或 /和胶粉 B或 /和再生胶 C或 /和挤出造粒 D) 中的汽轮发电机或 /和蒸汽包之间, 或 /和 (再生胶 B中) 断硫加热罐之间设置有输送蒸汽的管路;
或 /和在炭黑生产装置 E中的余热回收蒸汽储汽包或 /和汽轮机与废旧橡、 塑二次利用 加工的生产装置(热裂解 A或 /和胶粉 B或 /和再生胶 C或 /和挤出造粒 D)中的蒸汽包之间, 或 /和 (再生胶 B中) 断硫加热罐之间设置有输送蒸汽的管路;
或 /和在炭黑生产装置 E中从蒸汽回收电能的汽轮发电机或 /和原向上商业电网的变压 器与废旧橡、 塑二次利用加工的 (热裂解 A或 /和胶粉 B或 /和再生胶 C或 /和挤出造粒 D) 生产装置中的供电变压器或 /和电机之间, 设置有输送电能的缆线;
或 /和在废旧橡、 塑二次利用加工的热裂解 A生产装置中的热裂解炉或 /和储气、 储油 柜与炭黑生产装置 E中的燃烧炉或 /和储气、储油柜之间, 设置有输送可燃气体、燃油的管 路。
本发明所述方法实施用及的集成装置, 以其中加设有防尘、 消声、 尾气净化、 水处理 机构、 自动化操控机构者为佳。
本发明所述的技术方案, 产业部门依据自身需要, 可选取所述的一项或一项以上组合 实施, 当然以全实施为最佳。
本发明的积极意义在于: 将现市各有缺陷的废旧橡、 塑高分子物料二次利用再生加工 的独立方法组合在一起, 使其优缺点互为弥补, 能使整个废旧橡、 塑高分子物料再生利用 产业步入清洁化、 全组份、 高值利用的渠道; 在此基础上又提出了橡胶制品业的第二大原 料生产者——炭黑生产商参与废旧橡、 塑高分子物料再生利用产业, 是有其自身产业优势 的, 当炭黑生产装置与废旧橡、 塑高分子物料再生装置组合后, 还能使废旧橡、 塑高分子 物料再生产业步入节能、 清洁化、 全组份、 高值利用的更佳境界。
附图说明
图 1是实施例 1的集成装置示意图; 图 2是实施例 2的集成装置示意图; 图 3是实施 例 3的集成装置示意图; 图 4是实施例 4的集成装置示意图; 图 5是实施例 5的集成装置 示意图; 图 6是实施例 6的集成装置示意图; 图 7是实施例 7的集成装置示意图; 图 8是 实施例 8的集成装置示意图; 图 9是实施例 9所述在磨轮细碎法工艺组合装备中设置细胶 粉塑化工序及机械的示意图; 图 10是实施例 24中 24~1所述的胶粉粒度分级组合机械的 一种实施方式示意图; 图 11是实施例 24中 24-2所述的胶粉粒度分级组合机械中的另一 种重力 ~气流分级器示意图; 图 12是实施例 24中 24-3所述的胶粉粒度分级组合机械中的 又一种重力〜气流分级器示意图; 图 13是实施例 25的集成装置示意图; 图 14是实施例 26 的集成装置示意图。
具体实施方式 · 下面用精选的实施例进一步说明符合本发明构思的内容,但不应被看成是对本发明保护 范围的限制。
实施例 1.
本实施例所用循环组合再生的方法,涉及热裂解和超细粉碎高分子物料循环利用分支处 理工艺间的组合、 及其实施方案所用及的集成装置, 其工艺方法有如下 3个步骤所组合, 实施例具体是:
步骤 I, 取 175重量份的小轿车废轮胎, 置其于集成装置中的子装置 B的配料前置处 理工段, 先用子组合装置 B中的剪块破碎机把其破碎成约 5cm X 5cm的碎块, 再用沟辊 机和震荡筛、 磁选机, 把 5cm X 5cm 的胶块进一步破碎、 筛分、 纤维捕集、 磁吸分离, 得到中间产物组 I, 本例所述的中间产物组 I包括: 20目的小轿车废轮胎胶粒 100重量份 和钢丝、 尼龙纤维、 胶粉粒混合物 75重量份;
步骤 II, 取 70重量份 5cm X 5cm的小轿车废轮胎胶块和 75重量份步骤 I所得的钢丝、 尼龙纤维、 胶粉粒混合物, 置其于集成装置中的子装置中 A的进料处理工段, 将碎胶块和 钢丝、 纤维、 胶粉粒混合物放入配料斗, 再向物料中拌入公知的催化剂适量 (如: 硅藻土 0.5份, 硅铝分子筛 0.5份, 或废橡胶裂解碳黑粉末 1份), 搅拌后用螺旋加料器把物料推
进热裂解反应釜, 物料于 300~400°C在间隙式釜内滞留约 30~40min (或在连续式釜内滞留 约 2〜6min), 变成了炭和油汽。油汽经炉顶出料, 再经碱吸收、 固定床、催化裂化、 冷凝、 分离处理过程, 得到热裂解柴油、 汽油、 燃气, 燃气再用于支持热裂解炉燃烧, 经冷凝分 离得到的热裂解柴油、 汽油导入储油槽; 炭经炉底出口放出, 再经冷却、 粗碎、 磁选、 筛 分、 细粉碎等的操作, 又可再得到钢丝和粒度为 180~250目筛的细炭黑, 钢丝被收于钢丝 集料斗, 得到的细炭黑, 将其收于细炭黑集料仓; 经步骤 II的操作, 得到产品组 II和中间 产物组 II, 所述的产品组 II, 本例是指得到的: 钢丝 49重量份和热裂解油 45重量份; 所 述的中间产物组 II, 本例是指得到的: 粒度为能过 180~250目筛的细炭黑 30重量份; 步骤 III, 取步骤 Π所得中间产物组 II中的热裂解细炭黑 30重量份与步骤 I所得的中间 产物组 I中的 20目的小轿车废轮胎胶粒 100重量份, 置它们于集成装置中的子装置 B中 的超细粉碎机前的配料工段,将它们倒入配方物料混合机中, 搅匀后导入待超细粉碎料高 位集料仓, 混合物料经下落管导入弹性体精细粉碎机, 出机物料经风导输送管、旋风分离、 筛分处理, 本例收得过 100目筛孔的热裂解炭黑和废轮胎胶粉的混合物 130重量份, 将其 收入过 100目筛孔的胶粉和碳黑混合物的料仓中; 此过 100目筛孔的炭黑和胶粉混合物的 粉尘飞扬性远远小于纯炭黑, 它在橡胶制品业中可用于替代胶粉、炭黑、氧化锌或再生胶、 炭黑、 氧化锌的等量物料集合, 此即为本发明所述产品组 I所包括的内容之一。
本实施例所述对废旧轮胎高分子物料实施的组合循环利用的方法, 由步骤 I、 步骤 II、 步骤 III组合后, 按产品组 I中有用产品——热裂解炭黑与废轮胎胶粉的 (30/100) 比例要 求, 产品组 II中有用产品——钢丝和热裂解油不限量, 以及不作产品的总排弃物趋于零的 限制性条件来协同实施完成的。
本实施例所用的集成装置的设置:
一种包括对废轮胎实施热裂解等加工的子装置 A,和用废轮胎实施常温破粉碎等加工的 子装置 B, 组合集成的装置, 其特征是: 用公知的装置 A、 B为子装置进行有机的组合, 在公知配置的子装置 A和 B基础上, 经加、 减其各自的子配套设置后的再集成;
其中所述的子装置 A, 是用公知的热裂解集成装置 A经加、 减其原有的配套设置后所 得, 子装置 A包括: 能对废轮胎实施热裂解以得到热裂解炭黑、 金属骨架、 热裂解油等产 物的热裂解反应釜及其前置的配料斗、 螺旋进料器, 后续配套的碱吸收装置、 固定床、 催 化裂化装置、 冷凝器、 分离器、 缓冲釜、 泵、 热交换釜、 分馏塔、 柴油冷凝器、 柴油水分 离器、 柴油储器, 汽油冷凝器、 汽油水分离器、 汽油储器, 以及燃气贮气柜、 水封罐, 处 理粗炭黑的粗炭黑集料仓、 粗碎机、 震荡筛、 磁选机、 钢丝集料斗、 炭黑的细碎机、 细炭 ϋ集 ί斗仓等;
其中所 的子装置 Β, 是用公知的超细胶粉装置 Β经加、 减其原有的配套设置后所得, 子装置 Β包括: 对 20 目废轮胎胶粒、 细炭黑实施搅拌的配方料混合机, 待超细粉碎料集 料仓, 实施超细粉碎以得到细于 100目粉料产物的核心装置——剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎 机, 以及在核心装置之前设置的对废轮胎实施剪块、 粗碎、 筛分、 磁选操作的破碎机、 沟 棍机、 震荡筛、 磁选机、 纤维捕集器, 钢丝、 尼龙纤维集料仓, 以及 100目粉料产物的后 续配套处理的装置, 如: 旋风分离、 除尘器、 离心筛和储存过 100目筛孔的炭黑和胶粉混 合物的料仓;
本实施例所用的集成装置的设置还包括: 在子装置 Α的细炭黑集料仓与子装置 B的废 轮胎胶粒的配方料混合机之间, 设置螺旋输送机构; 在子装置 B的钢丝、 杂碎纤维集料仓 与子装置 A的热裂解反应釜前置的配料斗之间, 设置有输送杂碎纤维的机构。
本实施例所述的集成装置的设置, 参见实施例 1.的集成装置示意图图 1, 示意图中:
1——子装置 A, 其中包括:
5——配料斗, 6——螺旋进料器, 7——热裂解反应釜, 8——碱吸收装置, 9——固定 床, 10 "—催化裂化装置, 11——贮气柜, 12——水封罐, 13——柴油冷凝器, 14——汽 油冷凝器, 15——柴油水分离器, 16——汽油水分离器, 17——柴油储器, 18——汽油储 器, 19 ~~冷凝器, 20——分离器, 21——缓冲釜, 22——加热炉, 23——泵, 24——热 交换釜, 25——分馏塔, 26——粗炭黑集料仓, 27——粗碎机, 28——震荡筛, 29——磁 选机, 30 ^钢丝集料斗, 31——炭黑的细碎机, 32——细炭黑集料仓;
2——子装置 B, 其中包括-
33——钢丝、 尼龙纤维集料仓, 34——破碎机, 35——沟棍机, 36——震荡筛, 37—— 纤维捕集器, 38——磁选机, 39—— 20目胶粒集料仓, 40——配方料混合机, 41——集料
仓, 42——剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎机, 43——旋风分离器, 44——除尘器, 45—— 100 目离心筛, 46——储存过 100目筛孔的炭黑和胶粉混合物的料仓;
3——在子装置 B的钢丝、杂碎纤维集料仓与子装置 A的热裂解反应釜前置的配料斗之 间, 设置的输送杂碎纤维的机构;
4——在子装置 A的细炭黑集料仓与子装置 B的废轮胎胶粒的配方料混合机之间,设置 的螺旋输送机。
实施例 2.
本实施例所用循环组合再生的方法,涉及热裂解和断硫、塑化等废旧高分子物料循环利 用分支处理工艺间的组合、 及其实施方案所用及的集成装置, 其工艺方法有如下 3个步骤 所组合, 实施例具体是:
步骤 I , 取 175重量份的小轿车废轮胎, 置其于集成装置中的子装置 C的动态密闭加 热罐前置处理工段,先用子组合装置 C中的剪块破碎机把其破碎成约 5cm X 5cm的碎块, 再用沟棍机和震荡筛、 磁选机, 把 5cm X 5cm 的胶块进一步破碎、 筛分、 磁吸分离, 得 到中间产物 I, 本例所述的中间产物组 I包括: 20~40 目的小轿车废轮胎胶粒 100重量份 和钢丝、 尼龙纤维、 胶粉粒混合物 75重量份。
步骤 II, 取 70重量份 5cm X 5cm的小轿车废轮胎碎块和 75重量份步骤 I所得的钢 丝、 尼龙纤维、 胶粉粒混合物, 置其于集成装置中的子装置 A中的废轮胎热裂解炉前的进 料处理工段, 将碎胶块和钢丝、 纤维、 胶粉粒混合物放入进料斗, 再向物料中拌入公知的 催化剂适量 (同实施例 1. ), 搅拌后用螺旋加料器把物料推进热裂解炉, 物料于 300~400 °C在炉内滞留约 30~40min, 变成了炭和油汽;
同时又另取 150重量份的主要是废旧聚乙烯、聚丙烯的杂塑料袋,置其于集成装置中的 子装置 A中的废塑料热裂解炉前的进料处理工段, 将废旧塑料袋放入进料斗, 再向物料中 拌入公知的催化剂适量(同实施例 1. ), 搅袢后用螺旋加料器把物料推进热裂解炉, 物料于 350~42(TC在炉内滞留约 2h, 变成了焦油渣和油汽;
两炉中的油汽分别经各自的炉顶出料、冷凝、 分离得到热裂解油、燃气, 燃气再用于支 持两热裂解炉燃烧, 经冷凝分离得到的热裂解油导入储油槽;
废轮胎热裂解炉中的炭经炉底出口放出、 冷却、 粗碎、 磁选、 筛分、 精细粉碎、 布袋集 尘的操作, 又可再得到钢丝和粒度为细于 500目筛的超细炭黑, 钢丝被收于钢丝集料斗, 超细炭黑被收于超细炭黑集料仓;
废塑料热裂解炉中的焦油渣经炉底出口放出被收集于焦油渣的储料池中;
经步骤 II的操作, 得到产品组 II和中间产物组 II, 所述的产品组 II, 本例是指得到的: 钢丝 49重量份和热裂解油 135重量份; 所述的中间产物组 II, 本例是指得到的: 粒度为细 于 500目筛的超细炭黑 30重量份, 焦油渣 10重量份。
步骤 III, 取步骤 II所得中间产物组 II中的焦油渣 10重量份与步骤 I所得的中间产物组 I中的 20~40目的小轿车废轮胎胶粒 100重量份, 置其于集成装置中的子装置 C中的动态 密闭加热罐前的配料工段, 将它们倒入进罐进料斗中, 再加入公知的配料如: 水 12重量 份等, 把各配料推入加热罐, 闭罐、 搅拌、 加热, 物料于 200~220°C在罐内滞留约 2h, 然 后停止加热, 放汽、 降压、 降温, 到罐内表压为零时, 打开罐的上进料口, 从进料斗再加 进由步骤 II所得中间产物组 II中的超细炭黑 30重量份, 再闭罐搅拌 5 min, 打开罐的下出 料口, 将炭黑和塑化的粗胶粉混合物料导入密炼机捏炼成团, 再将胶团经两辊机压延成约 5mm的胶片, 胶片再经两辊精炼机精炼、 卷片、 割断、 下机的操作, 得到呈层片糕状剂型 的含有 500目的热裂解超细炭黑、 焦油渣和已塑化的废旧轮胎胶的混合物, 它在橡胶制品 业中可用于替代再生胶、 炭黑、 氧化锌的等量物料集合, 此即为本发明所述产品组 I所包 括的内容之一。
本实施例所述对废旧轮胎、废旧塑料高分子物料实施的组合循环利用的方法,由步骤 I、 步骤 II、 步骤 III组合后, 按产品组 I中有用产品一一热裂解炭黑 /塑化胶粉 /焦油渣的 (30/100/10) 比例要求, 产品组 II中有用产品一钢丝和热裂解油不限量, 以及不作产品的 总排弃物趋于零的限制性条件来协同实施完成的。
本实施例的方法与现有技术比较,具有不排渣和污染小的优点,能把从废轮胎中分出的 杂纤维转化成油和炭黑, 所得的能用于橡胶制品业的炭黑是以炭黑和细于 100目的胶粉的 混合物为商品形态, 当然这种商品形态还可再经进一步的挤出等机械的捏合加工, 成为胶 粒、 胶条、 胶片、 胶团的商品形态, 其在生产和使用过程中的扬尘远远小于纯炭黑。
本实施例所用的集成装置的设置:
一种包括对废塑料、废轮胎实施热裂解等加工的子装置 A,和用废轮胎实施常温破粉碎、 加热塑化等传统再生橡胶加工的子装置 C, 组合集成的装置, 其特征是: 用公知的装置 A、 C为子装置进行有机的组合, 在公知配置的子装置 A和 C基础上, 经加、 减其各自的子配 套设置后的再集成;
其中所述的子装置 A, 是用公知的装置 A经加、 减其原有的配套设置后所得, 子装置 A包括: 能分别对废塑料、 废轮胎实施热裂解以得到焦油渣、 热裂解油等产物和热裂解炭 黑、 金属骨架、 热裂解油等产物的热裂解炉各一组, 以及在两组炉前设置的配料斗、 螺旋 进料器, 炉后配套的碱吸收装置、 固定床、 催化裂化装置、 冷凝器、 分离器、 缓冲釜、 泵、 热交换釜、 分馏塔、 柴油冷凝器、 柴油水分离器、 柴油储器, 汽油冷凝器、 汽油水分离器、 汽油储器, 以及燃气贮气柜、 水封罐, 处理炭黑的粗碎机、 磁选机、 震荡筛、 精碎机, 钢 丝集料斗、 细于 500目的超细炭黑集料仓, 收集焦油渣的池等;
其中所述的子装置 C, 是用公知的装置 C经加、减其原有的配套设置后所得, 子装置 C 包括: 对废轮胎实施剪块、 粗碎、 筛分、 磁选、 集料的破碎机、 沟辊机、 震荡筛、 磁选机,
20- 40目废轮胎胶粒集料仓, 钢丝集料仓、 尼龙纤维集料仓; 对废轮胎胶粒实施加热塑化、 混合、 捏炼、 精炼的动态密闭加热罐、 密炼机、 精炼机等;
本实施例所用的集成装置的设置还包括: 在子装置 A的超细炭黑集料仓与子装置 C的 动态密闭加热罐的进料斗之间, 设置定量螺旋输送机构; 在子装置 C的纤维集料仓与子装 置 A的炉前配料斗之间, 设置输送短碎纤维的机构;在子装置 A的收集焦油渣的池与子装 置 C的动态密闭加热罐的进料斗之间, 设置有输送机构。
本实施例所述的集成装置的设置, 参见实施例 2.的集成装置示意图图 2, 示意图中:
1——子装置 A, 其中包括:
6——配料斗, 7——螺旋进料器, 8——废轮胎热裂解炉, 9——配料斗, 10 ^螺旋进 料器, 11——废塑料热裂解炉, 12——碱吸收装置, 13——固定床, 14——催化裂化装置, 15——冷凝器, 16——分离器, 17——缓冲釜, 18——泵, 19——换热釜, 20——分馏塔,
21——柴油冷凝器, 22——柴油水分离器, 23——柴油储器, 24——汽油冷凝器, 25—— 汽油水分离器, 26——汽油储器, 27——收集焦油渣的池, 28——贮气柜, 29 ~~水封罐, 30 ^粗炭黑集料仓, 31——粗碎机, 32——震蘋筛, 33——磁选机, 34——精碎机, 35 一钢丝集料斗, 36——细于 500目的超细炭黑集料仓;
2——子装置 C, 其中包括:
37——切块破碎机, 38——沟棍机, 39——震荡筛, 40——磁选机, 41—— 20-40目废 轮胎胶粒集料仓, 42——动态密闭加热罐, 43——密炼机, 44——精炼机, 45——纤维捕 集器, 46—钢丝集料仓, 47——尼龙纤维集料仓;
3——在子装置 C的纤维集料仓与子装置 A的炉前配料斗之间,设置的输送短碎纤维的 机构;
4——在子装置 A的超细炭黑集料仓与子装置 C的动态密闭加热罐的进料斗之间,设置 的螺旋输送机构; Λ
5——在子装置 A的收集焦油渣的池与子装置 C的动态密闭加热罐的进料斗之间,设置 的输送机构。
实施例 3.
本实施例所用循环组合再生的方法,涉及热裂解和超细粉碎和断硫、塑化等废旧高分子 物料循环利用分支处理工艺间的组合、 及其实施方案所用及的集成装置, 其工艺方法有如 下 3个步骤所组合, 实施例具体是:
步骤 I , 取 175重量份的废半钢子午轮胎, 置其于集成装置中的子装置 B的配料前设 置处理工段, 先用子组合装置 B中的剪块破碎机把其破碎成约 5cm X 5cm的碎块, 再用 沟辊机和震荡筛、 磁选机, 把 5cm X 5cm的胶块进一步破碎、 筛分、 磁吸分离, 得到中 间产物 I, 本例所述的中间产物组 I包括: 20~30目的废半钢子午轮胎胶粒 100重量份和 钢丝、 尼龙纤维、 胶粉粒混合物 75重量份;
步骤 II,取 70重量份对半切的废半钢子午轮胎大块和 75重量份步骤 I所得的钢丝、尼 龙纤维、胶粉粒混合物, 置其于集成装置中的子装置 A中的废轮胎热裂解炉前的进料处理 工段, 将碎胶块和钢丝、 纤维、 胶粉粒混合物放入进料斗, 再向物料中拌入公知的催化剂
适量(同实施例 1.), 搅拌后用螺旋加料器把物料推进热裂解炉, 物料于 300~400°C在炉内 滞留约 30~40min, 变成了炭和油汽;
同时又另取 150重量份的主要是废旧聚乙烯、聚丙烯的杂塑料袋,置其于集成装置中的 子装置 A中的废塑料热裂解炉前的进料处理工段, 将废旧塑料袋放入进料斗, 再向物料中 拌入公知的催化剂适量(同实施例 1.〉, 搅拌后用螺旋加料器把物料推进热裂解炉, 物料于 350~420°C在炉内滞留约 2h, 变成了焦油渣和油汽;
两炉中的油汽分别经各自的炉顶出料、 并流后经碱吸收、 固定床、 催化裂化、 冷凝、 分 离等公知过成, 得到热裂解柴油、 汽油、 燃气, 燃气经贮气柜收集后再用于支持两热裂解 炉燃烧, 经冷凝分离得到的热裂解柴油、 汽油导入柴油、 汽油储器;
废轮胎热裂解炉中的碳经炉底放出、 冷却、 粗碎、 磁选、 筛分、 细粉碎、 精细粉碎、 布 袋集尘的操作, 又可再得到钢丝以及粒度分别为细于 180~250目和细于 500目筛的细炭黑 和超细炭黑, 钢丝被收于钢丝集料斗, 细炭黑和超细炭黑被分别收于细炭黑集料仓和超细 炭黑集料仓;
废塑料热裂解炉中的焦油渣经炉底出口放出被收集于焦油渣的储料池中;
经步骤 Π的操作, 得到产品组 II和中间产物组 II, 所述的产品组 II, 本例是指得到的: 钢丝 49重量份和热裂解油 135重量份, 所述的中间产物组 II, 本例是指得到的: 粒度为细 于 180~250目筛的细炭黑 25重量份, 粒度为细于 500目筛的超细炭黑 5重量份, 焦油渣 10重量份。
步骤 III, 取步骤 II所得中间产物组 II中的焦油渣 10重量份与步骤 I所得的中间产物组 I中的 20~30目的废半钢子午轮胎胶粒 50置其于集成装置中的子装置 C中的动态密闭加 热罐前的配料工段, 将它们倒入进罐进料斗中, 再加入公知的配料如: 水 6重量份等, 把 各配料推入加热罐, 闭罐、 搅拌、 加热, 物料于 200~220°C在罐内滞留约 2h, 然后停止加 热, 放汽、 降压、 降温, 到罐内表压为零时, 打开罐的上进料口, 从进料斗再加进由步骤 II所得中间产物组 II中的超细炭黑 5重量份, 再闭罐搅拌 5 min, 打开罐的下出料口, 将 炭黑和塑化的粗胶粉混合物料导入密炼机捏炼成团, 再将胶团经两辊机压延成约 5mm 的 胶片, 胶片再经两辊精炼机精炼、 卷片、 割断、 下机的操作, 得到呈层片糕状剂型的含有 500 目的热裂解超细炭黑、 焦油渣和已塑化的废旧轮胎胶的混合物, 它在橡胶制品业中可 用于替代再生胶、 炭黑、 氧化锌的等量物料集合, 此即为本发明所述产品组 I所包括的内 容之一;
取步骤 II所得中间产物组 II中的热裂解细炭黑 25重量份与步骤 I所得的中间产物组 I 中的 20~30目的废半钢子午轮胎胶粒 50置它们于集成装置中的子装置 B中的超细粉碎机 前的配料工段, 将它们倒入粉体搅拌机中, 搅匀后导入待超细粉碎料高位储仓, 混合物料 经下落管导入弹性体精细粉碎机, 出机物料经风导输送管、 旋风分离、 筛分处理, 本例收 得过 100目筛孔的热裂解炭黑和废轮胎胶粉的混合物 75重量份,此 100目的炭黑和胶粉混 合物的粉尘飞扬性远远小于纯炭黑, 它在橡胶制品业中可用于替代胶粉、 炭黑、 氧化锌的 等量物料集合, 此也属本发明所述产品组 I所包括的内容之一。
本实施例所述对废旧轮胎、废旧塑料高分子物料实施的组合循环利用的方法,由步骤 I、 步骤 II、 步骤 III组合后, 按产品组 I中有用产品一一热裂解炭黑 /塑化胶粉 /焦油渣的 (5/50/10) 比例和裂解炭黑 /胶粉的 (25/50) 比例要求, 产品组 II中有用产品——钢丝和 热裂解油不限量, 以及不作产品的总排弃物趋于零的限制性条件来协同实施完成的。
本发明如上述实施例所述,与现有技术比较具有不排渣和污染小的优点,能把从废轮胎 等高分子制品中分出的杂纤维转化成油和炭黑, 把废旧塑料炼油所得的焦油渣、 废轮胎炼 油所得的炭黑与胶粉或 /和己塑化的胶粉混制成胶粉与炭黑或 /和焦油渣的混合物。
本实施例所用的集成装置的设置:
一种包括对高分子物料实施热裂解等加工的子装置 A,和精细或超细粉碎等加工的子装 置 B, 和脱硫塑化、 混合等加工的子装置 C进行组合集成的装置, 其特征是- 用子装置八、 B、 C进行有机的组合, 得到包括由在公知配置的子装置 A和 B和 C基 础上, 经加、 减其各自的子配套设置后的再集成;
其中所述的子装置 A, 是用公知的装置 A经加、 减其原有的配套设置后所得, 子装置 A包括: 能分别对废塑料、 废橡胶实施热裂解以得到焦油渣、 热裂解油等产物及热裂解炭 黑、 金属骨架、 热裂解油等产物的热裂解炉各一组, 以及在各炉前设置的配料斗、 螺旋进 料器, 炉后配套设置的碱吸收装置、 固定床、 催化裂化装置、 冷凝器、 分离器、 缓冲釜、
泵、 换热釜, 以及分馏塔、 柴油冷凝器、 柴油水分离器、 柴油储器, 汽油冷凝器、 汽油水 分离器、 汽油储器, 贮气柜、 水封罐, 收集焦油渣的池, 收集粗炭黑的集料仓, 加工炭黑 的粗碎机、 震荡筛、 精碎机、 磁选机,、 收集钢丝的集料斗, 收集 180~250 目炭黑的集料 仓, 收集细于 500目炭黑的超细炭黑集料仓等;
其中所述的子装置 B, 是用公知的装置 B经加、减其原有的配套设置后所得, 子装置 B 包括: 对废轮胎等带金属等骨架的大橡胶件实施剪块的破碎机, 对含金属等骨架的小橡胶 件实施粗碎的沟辊机, 对粒径大小不等的胶粉粒实施筛分的震荡筛, 对含磁性金属的胶粉 粒实施磁选的磁选机, 对各粗产物实施收集的集料仓, 如: 20~40目废橡胶粗粒集料仓, 钢丝集料仓、 尼龙纤维集料仓; 对粗胶粒实施配方处理的混料机械, 待超细粉碎物料集料 仓, 实施超细粉碎以得到细于 100目粉料产物的粉碎机, 以及 100目粉料产物的后续配套 处理的装置, 如: 旋风分离器、 筛分机、 布袋除尘器等;
其中所述的子装置 C, 是用公知的装置 C经加、减其原有的配套设置后所得, 子装置 C 包括: 对废橡胶粒实施加热塑化、 混合的动态密闭加热罐, 对胶料实施捏炼的密炼机或二 辊机或挤出机, 对胶料实施精炼的二辊精炼机等;
本实施例所用的集成装置的设置还包括: 在子装置 A的超细炭黑集料仓与子装置 C的 动态密闭加热罐的进料斗之间, 设置螺旋输送机构; 在子装置 A的 180~250目炭黑的集料 仓与子装置 B的废橡胶粒的配方料混合机之间, 设置定量螺旋输送机构; 在子装置 B的纤 维集料仓与子装置 A的炉前配料斗之间, 设置输送杂碎纤维的机构。
本实施例所述的集成装置,其设置还包括:在其中的各旋风分离器的尾气出口都加设有 防尘的布袋除尘器; 在各运转时会有响声的管道、 机械外都加设有消声壳、 罩、 墙; 在有 高温尾气的出口, 如: 油炉加热的烟道尾气出口, 加热罐的热罐汽排出口都加设有水喷淋 净化器; 在集成装置中的操作用水循环体系中, 串联一水处理池; 对整个集成装置设置自 动化操控系统。
本实施例所述的集成装置的设置, 参见实施例 3.的集成装置示意图图 3, 示意图中:
1——子装置 A, 其中包括:
7——配料斗, 8——螺旋进料器, 9——废轮胎热裂解炉, 10——配料斗, 11——螺旋 进料器, 12——废塑料热裂解炉, 13——碱吸收装置, 14——固定床, 15——催化裂化装 置, 16——冷凝器, 17——分离器, 18——缓冲釜, 19——泵, 20——换热釜, 21——分 馏塔, 22——柴油冷凝器, 23——柴油水分离器, 24——柴油储器, 25——汽油冷凝器, 26——汽油水分离器, 27——汽油储器, 28——贮气柜, 29——水封罐, 30——收集焦油 渣的池, 31——粗炭黑集料仓, 32——粗碎机, 33——震荡筛, 34——精碎机, 33——磁 选机, 36——钢丝集料斗, 37—— 180-250目炭黑集料仓, 38——细于 500目的超细炭黑 集料仓;
2——子装置 B, 其中包括:
39 ~~破碎机, 40——沟棍机, 41——震荡筛, 42——磁选机, 43—— 20-40目废轮胎 胶粒集料仓, 44——钢丝集料斗, 45——纤维捕集器, 46——混料机械, 50 ^待超细粉 碎物料集料仓, 51——超细粉碎机, 52——筛分机, 53——旋风分离器, 54——布袋除尘 器, 55——过 100目筛的胶粉和炭黑混合物的料仓, 56——尼龙纤维集料仓;
3——子装置 C, 其中包括:
47——动态密闭加热罐, 48——密炼机或二辊机或挤出机, 49 ^二辊精炼机;
4——在子装置 B的尼龙纤维集料仓与子装置 A的废轮胎热裂解炉前的配料斗之间,设 置的输送杂碎纤维的机构;
5——在子装置 A的 180~250目炭黑的集料仓与子装置 B的废橡胶粒的配方料混合机之 间, 设置的定量螺旋输送机构;
6——在子装置 A中的收集焦油渣的池与子装置 C的动态密闭加热罐的进料斗之间,设 置的输送机构;
57——在子装置 A的超细炭黑集料仓与子装置 C的动态密闭加热罐的进料斗之间, 设 置的螺旋输送机构。
实施例 4.
本实施例所用循环组合再生的方法,涉及对现市的常温粉碎工艺各分支间实施优势互补 方案, 以及其实施方案所用及的集成装置, 其工艺方法的实施例具体是:
取 100重量份的废旧丁基水胎或废斜交轮胎, 将其破切成 50〜500X50~500的大块料, 置其于磨轮组合装置中的磨轮式橡胶精细粉碎机的进料斗中, 大块物料经磨轮式橡胶精细 粉碎机处理后, 大块废旧胶料被磨碎成 20~200 目废旧丁基水胎或废斜交轮胎的混合粒度 胶粉料, 若是处理的废斜交轮胎, 可再用振荡筛、 纤维分离机械, 脱去所分理处出的尼龙 纤维, 将磨轮精细粉碎所得的混合胶粉料到入集料仓, 此时所得的丁基水胎或斜交轮胎混 合胶粉料中细于等于 100目的胶粉约占 30%; 再用导料机构将混合胶粉料导入剪切磨盘式 橡胶精细粉碎组合装置中的配方料混合机里, 将其与炭黑粉末等助剂按 100: 30比例相混 后导入储料仓, 再导入剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎机中进行再粉碎, 粉碎物料用气流导入旋 风分离器中, 旋风分离器的尾气经除尘器后排空或 /和再利用, 将旋风分离器中收集的粉碎 物料导入至粗为 100目的网筛分离, 未过 100目网的粗物料收集后导入前道胶粉料与粉末 隔离等助剂相混工序再行混合、粉碎操作,过网物料收集后导入成品仓;所得细于等于 100 目的胶粉成品 130份 (注: 经多次投料后, 每次筛出的粗回料加入了下一批次的投料, 所 以投料可被看成无损耗), 它们可作为商品出售。
本实施例所用的集成装置的设置, 涉及常温粉碎工艺各分支所用的集成装置 Β 内之间 实施优势互补设置, 实施例具体是:
在公知的磨轮式常温精细粉碎组合装置(Β磨)中的胶粉混合物的集料仓, 与剪切磨盘 式橡胶精细粉碎组合装置 (Β剪) 中的剪切磨盘精细粉碎机之前的混料机的进料口之间设 置导料机构, 并保留原 (Β剪) 在其剪切磨盘精细粉碎核心单元机械前置、 后续的机械设 置, 并保留原(Β磨)在其存放胶粉或胶粉与粉末隔离剂混合物的储料仓的前置机械设置。
所述的组合装置(Β磨) 中包括: 大胶块破切机、 磨轮式橡胶精细粉碎机、 振荡筛、 纤 维分离机、 纤维集料仓、 胶粉与粉末等助混合机、 混合胶粉集料仓等;
所述的组合装置 (Β剪) 中包括: 大胶块破切机、 粗碎机、 振荡筛、 磁选机, 钢丝、 铁 屑集料仓, 纤维捕集器、 旋风分离器、 纤维集料仓, 胶粒集料仓、 配方料混合机、 储料仓、 剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎机, 以及离心筛、 除尘器, 和储存至少是过 100目筛的炭黑和胶 粉混合物的! 等。
本实施例所用的集成装置的设置, 不但能把废子午轮胎中分离得的 20~30 目胶粒都制 成至少是过 100目筛的炭黑和胶粉混合物, 也能把卤化丁基等受辊轧会黏连的废胶品种也 全部处理成至少是过 100目筛的炭黑和胶粉混合物, 而此结果是胶粉行业至今都没能解决 的装备课题。
本实施例所述的集成装置的设置, 参见实施例 4.附图 4, 附图中:
B磨——生产胶粉的磨轮式常温精细粉碎组合装置, 其中包括:
1——大胶块破切机, 2——磨轮式橡胶精细粉碎机, 3——振荡筛, 4——纤维分离机, 5——纤维集料仓, 6——混合胶粉集料仓;
B剪——生产胶粉的剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎组合装置, 其中包括:
7——大胶块破切机, 8——粗碎机, 9——振荡筛, 10 ^磁选机, 11——钢丝集料仓, 12——配方料混合机, 13——储料仓, 14——剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎机, 15——旋风分 离器, 16——离心筛, 17——储存至少是过 100目筛的炭黑和胶粉混合物的料仓, 18—— 纤维捕集器, 19——旋风分离器, 20——纤维集料仓, 21 ^ ^丝、 铁屑集料仓, 22—— 除尘器;
23—— B磨与 B剪间的导料机构。
实施例 5.
本实施例所用循环组合再生的方法,涉及对现市的常温粉碎工艺各分支间实施优势互补 方案, 及其实施方案所用及的集成装置, 其工艺方法的实施例具体是:
取在公知的剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎工艺中一次粉碎得到的至少含有 30%能过 200 目 网筛的, 废子午轮胎或斜交轮胎胶粉: 炭黑等粉末之比为 100: 30的胶粉物料 130份, 将 其用剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎机再粉碎一次,得到含有 75%能过 200目网筛的胶粉物料 130 份。
本实施例所用的集成装置的设置, 涉及常温粉碎工艺所用的集成装置 B内设置的改进, 实施例具体是: - 在公知的剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎组合装置(B剪)中的精细粉碎、 风导螺旋分离的粉 碎料出口后, 再设置一组由剪切磨盘式精细粉碎、 风导螺旋分离的单元机械串联的粉碎、
风导出料的机构, 变现有公知的剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎组合装置 (B剪) 中的一级精细 粉碎设置为含有两级串联的剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎组合装置 (B剪、 剪)。
本实施例所述的集成装置的设置, 参见实施例 5.附图 5, 附图中:
(B剪、 剪)——生产胶粉的, 含有两级精细粉碎机串联设置的, 剪切磨盘式橡胶精细 粉碎组合装置, 其中包括:
1——磁选机, 2—— 20-30 目胶粒集料仓, 3——混合机, 4——储料仓, 5—钢丝集 料仓, 6——剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎机, 7——旋风分离器, 8——储料仓, 9——剪切磨 盘式橡胶精细粉碎机, 10 ^除尘器, 11——旋风分离器, 12——离心筛, 13——除尘器, 14——集料仓, 15——旋风分离器。
实施例 6.
本实施例所用循环组合再生的方法,涉及对现市的常温粉碎和再生胶各分支工艺间实施 优势互补方案, 及其实施方案所用及的集成装置, 其工艺方法的实施例具体是:
取 100重量份的废斜交轮胎或废子午轮胎的市购 20~30 目胶粒, 如物料中还有金属杂 质的, 可用磁选机予以脱除, 将胶粒物料存于储料仓中, 以胶粒与炭黑粉末等公知配合剂 按重量: 100/25~50 的比例在粉体混合机中混匀, 混匀物料再送至工间储料仓中, 然后将 混匀物料连续导入剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎机中进行第一次精细粉碎, 粉碎物料用气流导 出后经旋风分离再送至另一工间储料仓中, 再把此已经一次精细粉碎的物料从工间储料仓 中徐徐导出, 将其连续导入另一剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎机中进行第二次精细粉碎, 粉碎 物料用气流导出后经旋风分离再送至离心筛分离, 离心筛分离操作, 可通过变换不同目数 的网筛, 得到不同粒径的粉体物料, 本发明在离心筛分离操作时, 一般是最粗选用 100目 的网筛操作, 过筛的 125~150份物料用旋风分离器导入储料仓, 粗粉料导回第一级或 /和第 二级精细粉碎机前的待碎物料储料仓;
再用导料机构将此至少是过 100目网筛的混合胶粉导入动态密闭加热罐,再按公知的再 生胶配合剂的品种、 比例, 与混合胶粉一起加入, 动态密闭加热罐的操作, 按普通公知技 术实施, 出罐物料仅需用开炼机辊压一次, 就能得到再生胶产品。
所得的再生胶产品不但具有现市再生胶的易黏辊等的优点,同时还有因胶粉粒子没经精 炼机的强烈辊轧处理, 橡胶烃链还保持着立体的网状结构, 这种胶粉再配用于新胶料, 它 会与新胶料间存在一新旧胶料的界面, 由于这一界面的存在, 新胶料在模压热硫化时, 胶 料中的受热膨胀气体很容易从此界面处跑出, 从而提高的新胶料制品的成品率; 又由于此 胶粉中的橡胶烃链还保持着立体的网状结构, 它能吸进较橡胶烃链已变成线状的再生胶更 多的热融性配合剂, 所述的热融性配合剂可以是增黏树脂、 机油等油类软化剂, 利用此特 性, 加有此胶粉的新胶料制品的耐磨性会较加再生胶的好, 制品表面的油类喷出会较加再 生胶的少, '这是由于热融性配合剂在热硫化的过程中, 较多地钻入了胶粉 (岛相) 的立体 网兜里了, 而使胶料中的 (海相) 里的增黏树脂、 机油等的浓度下降所至; 这种胶粉料对 炭黑等固体配合剂有较强的空间阻隔性, 利用这一特点, 在制备导电、抗静电橡胶制品时, 可以节省 50%~95%的导电炭黑、 乙炔炭黑、石墨等粉尘高飞扬性价贵物料; 用此胶粉物料 配制的新胶料, 其拉伸强度并不比加再生胶的低, 其耐压强度强度更是由于再生胶。
用此经二次剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎机处理所得的至少是过 100 目网筛的混合胶粉代 替再生胶工艺目前所用的 5~40目粗胶粉, 能省略再生胶工艺中的精炼操作。
本实施例所用的集成装置的设置,涉及常温粉碎和再生胶各分支集成装置之间的 B和 C 实施优势互补设置, 实施例具体是- 在公知的常温剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎组合装置(B剪)中再串联加设一道常温剪切磨 盘式橡胶精细粉碎机组, 使其成为 (B剪、 剪), 在 (B剪、 剪) 中的存放至少是能过 100 目网筛的胶粉储料仓与公知的再生胶组合装置 C中的高温罐之间设置导料机构;
本实施例所述的集成装置的设置, 参见实施例 6.附图 6, 附图中:
(B剪、剪)——含有两台串联的常温剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎机的生产胶粉的组合装 置, 其中包括:
1——磁选机, 2——储料仓, 3——混合机, 4——储料仓, 5——剪切磨盘式橡胶精细 粉碎机, 6——旋风分离器, 7——除尘器, 8——储料仓, 9——剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎 机, 10 ^旋风分离器, 11——离心筛, 12——储存至粗是过 100目筛孔的炭黑和胶粉混 合物的料仓, 13——旋风分离器, 14——除尘器, 15—钢丝集料仓, 16——除尘器;
C——生产再生胶的组合装置, 其中包括-
17——动态密闭加热罐, 18——开炼机;
19——(B剪、 剪) 与 C之间的导料机构。
实施例 7.
本实施例所用循环组合再生的方法,涉及对现市的常温粉碎和再生胶各分支工艺间实施 优势互补方案, 及其实施方案所用及的集成装置, 其工艺方法的实施例具体是:
取 167 重量份的废斜交轮胎或废杂胶或杂橡胶制品废边料或废旧丁基水胎, 破切成
50~800X50~800mm大块胶料, 置其于组合装置中的磨轮式橡胶精细粉碎机的进料斗中, 大块物料经磨轮式橡胶精细粉碎机处理后, 大块废旧胶料直接被磨碎成 20~200 目的混合 胶粉料, 再脱除混合胶粉料中可能夹带的非金属纤维杂质, 得到 20~200 目的混合胶粉料
100~167份, 将混合粒径的胶粉料丛储料仓导出, 再与炭黑粉末隔离助剂按 100: 27比例 相混, 再将其导入剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎机中进行再粉碎, 粉碎物料用气流导入旋风分 离器中, 旋风分离器的尾气经除尘器后排空或 /和在利用, 将旋风分离器中收集的粉碎物料 导入离心筛, 过 200目筛的粉料导入工间储存料仓, 未过筛网的粗粉料导回精细粉碎机前 的储料仓或混合机, 所得粉碎物料的后续加工与公知的再生胶工艺相衔接; 此例所得的经 两道精细粉碎的物料,其在过筛前,物料中约含有至少 80%以上的能过 150目网筛的胶粉, 用此所得的混合胶粉代替再生胶工艺目前所用的 5~40 目粗胶粉, 能省略再生胶工艺中的 精炼、 。
本实施例所用的集成装置的设置,涉及常温粉碎和再生胶各分支集成装置之间的 B和 C 实施优势互补设置, 实施例具体是- 在常温精细粉碎组合装置(B磨)和(B剪)的存放至少 80%以上是能过 150目网筛的 胶粉储料仓与公知的再生胶组合装置 C中的高温罐之间设置导料机构;
本实施例所述的集成装置的设置, 参见实施例 7.附图 7, 附图中:
B磨——生产胶粉的磨轮式常温精细粉碎组合装置, 其中包括-
1——磨轮式橡胶精细粉碎机, 2——振荡筛, 3——纤维捕集器, 4——储料仓, 5—— 旋风分离器, 6——纤维集料仓;
B剪——生产胶粉的剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎组合装置, 其中包括-
7——混合机, 8——储料仓, 9 ~~剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎机, 10——旋风分离器, 11——除尘器, 12——除尘器, 13——旋风分离器, 14——离心筛, 15——(没过筛的稍 粗于 200目的) 炭黑和胶粉混合料储料仓, 16——(储存过 200目筛的) 炭黑和胶粉混合 料储料仓;
C——生产再生胶的组合装置, 其中包括:
17——动态密闭加热罐, 18——开炼机;
19—— B磨和 B剪与 C之间的导料机构。
实施例 8.
本实施例所用循环组合再生的方法,涉及对现市的常温粉碎和再生胶各分支工艺间实施 优势互补方案, 及其实施方案所用及的集成装置, 其工艺方法的实施例具体是:
1. 参照实施例 1~7, 用磨轮式橡胶精细粉碎组合机械 B磨将呈 50~500χ50~500的大块 废杂胶或废橡胶制品边皮料或废旧丁基水胎料等粉碎成 20~200目的混合粒径胶粉料;
2. 参照实施例 1~7, 用剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎组合装置 B (剪、 剪) 中的精细粉碎 前的预处理机械,把呈 30~50χ30~50的胶块状废杂胶或废橡胶制品边皮料或废子午轮胎料 等粉碎成 20~30目的混合粒径胶粉料;
3. 参照实施例 1~7, 将 20~200目的混合粒径胶粉料或 20~30目的混合粒径胶粉料按品 种分别与炭黑等粉末助剂混合, 在用剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎组合装置 Β (剪、 剪) 中的 两道精细粉碎, 得到近乎 100%能过 100筛的炭黑与胶粉的混合料; 值得一提的是, 采用 两道精细粉碎的方法, 即使是在混合操作中用及的粉末助剂料, 其混合时加入的是 10~100 目的粗料, 在被两道粉碎后, 其中的刚性物料如炭黑等, 也己被粉碎成细于 200目的粉料, 利用这一特点, 粉末助剂的选料可适当放粗;
4. 参照前述实施例, 将至粗是 100目的炭黑等粉末与胶粉的混合物导入生产再生胶的 组合装置 C中的动态密闭加热罐, 在加入公知的再生胶配合剂, 采用公知技术实施加热处
理, 出罐物料再经开炼机或密炼机或挤出机的捏合处理, 就能得到对应于投料所得的各品 种再生胶产品。
本实施例所用的集成装置的设置,涉及常温粉碎和再生胶各分支集成装置之间的 B和 C 实施优势互补设置, 实施例具体是:
用常温精细粉碎组合装置(B磨)和(B剪、 剪)与公知的再生胶组合装置 C之间实施 组合
本实施例所述的集成装置的设置, 参见实施例 8.附图 8, 附图中:
B磨——生产胶粉的磨轮式常温精细粉碎组合装置, 其中包括:
1——磨轮式橡胶精细粉碎机, 2——振荡筛, 3——储料仓, 4——纤维捕集器, 5—— 旋风分离器, 6——纤维集料仓;
B剪、 剪——含有两台串联的常温剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎机的生产胶粉的组合装置, 其中包括:
7——沟辊机, 8——振荡筛, 9 ~~纤维捕集器, 10 ^旋风分离器, 11——纤维集料 仓, 12——胶粒集料仓, 13——磁选机, 14——钢丝、 铁屑集料仓, 15——混合机, 16— 一集料仓, 17——剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎机, 18——旋风分离器, 19 ^储料仓, 20~ 一剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎机, 21——旋风分离器, 22——储料仓;
C——生产再生胶的组合装置, 其中包括:
23——开炼机, 18——动态密闭加热罐;
25—— B磨和 B剪、 剪 C之间的导料机构。
实施例 9.
本实施例涉及对现市的常温粉碎工艺中的磨轮粉碎法所得细胶粉的后续塑化改性方 案, 具体是: 如附图 9所示, 将原来直接从机械筛分级工序所得的细胶粉进行包装的工艺 路线, 改为在细胶粉中再计量加入塑化助剂, 然后拌合, 再进行包装的新工艺路线。
加入的塑化助剂为公知的橡胶软化剂类物料或 /和用此类公知物料的配方混合物,所述 的细胶粉以细于等于 100目者为佳, 塑化助剂与细胶粉的混合比例以 3~15: 97~85为宜。
实施此塑化改性方案,在装置上的改良方案,可以如附图 9所示,在磨轮组合装置(B 磨)中的细胶粉料仓 7后设置能加入塑化助剂、拌和的机械, 所述的机械至少包括拌合机、 捏合机、混合螺杆机、(放置塑化助剂、与胶粉混合料的)料槽等的一种或一种以上的组合。
经本例塑化处理的细胶粉, 当其与新胶料混炼、 硫化时, 具有吃料快, 硫化胶刀切断 面看不见胶粉颗粒等胶粉与新胶料相溶性变好的明显特点。
实施例 10.
取 100重量份的 20目的废三元乙丙胶粒, 或 20~200目的废丁基胶粒与 25~30重量份 的 5目的废聚乙烯或废聚丙烯塑料膜粗粉碎粒料和 25〜50重量份的 5~100目或 200目的废 橡胶热裂解炭黑, 用前述实施例中的 B剪、 剪剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎组合装置, 实施混 合、 两次精细粉碎, 筛分处理, 至少可得到: 三元乙丙橡胶与聚乙烯塑料, 或三元乙丙橡 胶与聚丙烯塑料, 或丁基橡胶与聚乙烯塑料, 或丁基橡胶与聚丙烯塑料的四种橡胶、 塑料 组合与废橡胶热裂解炭黑的粉末混合物,所述粉末混合物中的橡胶、塑料的粒径至粗为 100 目, 其中的热裂解炭黑粒径至粗为 200目。
实施例 11.
取 100重量份的 20目的废轮胎胶粒, 或 20~200目的废氯丁橡胶粉粒, 与 25~30重量 份的 5目的废聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯或废聚碳酸酯塑料粗粉碎粒料, 和 25~50重量份的 5~100 目或 200目的废橡胶热裂解炭黑, 用前述实施例中的 B剪、 剪剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎组 合装置, 实施混合、 两次精细粉碎, 筛分处理, 至少可得到: 轮胎橡胶与聚甲基丙烯酸甲 酯塑料, 或轮胎橡胶与聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯塑料, 或氯丁橡胶与聚碳酸酯塑料, 或氯丁橡胶 与聚碳酸酯塑料的四种橡胶、 塑料组合与废橡胶热裂解炭黑的粉末混合物, 所述粉末混合 物中的橡胶、 塑料的粒径至粗为 100目, 其中的热裂解炭黑粒径至粗为 200目。
实施例 12.
取 100重量份的 20目的杂废橡胶品生产时生成的边皮料胶粒, 或 20~200 目的废聚氨 酯胶粒, 与 25~30重量份的 5目的废塑料纽扣粗粉碎粒料, 和 20~50重量份的 5~100目或 200目的废橡胶热裂解炭黑, 用前述实施例中的 B剪、 剪剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎组合装
置, 实施混合、 两次精细粉碎, 筛分处理, 至少可得到: 杂废橡胶与废纽扣塑料, 或聚氨 酯胶与废纽扣塑料的两种橡胶、 塑胶、 塑料组合与废橡胶热裂解炭黑的粉末混合物, 所述 粉末混合物中的橡胶、塑胶、塑料的粒径至粗为 100目,其中的热裂解炭黑粒径至粗为 200 目。
实施例 13
取 100重量份的 20~40目的杂废胶鞋粗碎胶粒,或 20~200目的废丁基轮胎内胎胶粉粒, 与 15~50重量份的 5目的废聚氯乙烯塑料粗粉碎粒料, 和 15~50或 800重量份的 5~100目 或 200目的废橡胶热裂解炭黑, 用前述实施例中的 B剪、 剪剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎组合 装置, 实施混合、 两次精细粉碎, 筛分处理, 至少可得到: 杂废胶鞋橡胶与废聚氯乙烯塑 料, 或废丁基橡胶与废聚氯乙烯塑料的两种橡胶、 塑胶、 塑料组合与废橡胶热裂解炭黑的 粉末混合物, 所述粉末混合物中的橡胶、 塑胶、 塑料的粒径至粗为 100目, 其中的热裂解 炭黑粒径至粗为 200目。
实施例 14
本例涉及用作润湿杂废纤维表面的偶连剂即塑化橡胶料或 /和油类等物料的选配, 选料 如表 1所述:(本例偶连剂适用于配制进天然、丁苯、顺丁等通用橡胶中使用的杂废纤维料) (表 1 )
取表中第 1~5、 8、 9七项共 101重量份物料, 置其于加热釜中, 对釜加热、 搅拌, 待 釜内温度升至 120°C, 此时物料中的含油植物仁、 果类物料中的油已被炸出, 油渣已炭化, 然后在保温、 搅拌条件下, 再将表中余下的 6、 7、 10、 11四项共 19重量份物料, 徐徐加 入釜内, 搅拌均匀后, 放出物料既可作为润湿杂废纤维表面的偶连剂使用。 它与杂废纤维 相混重量比按 5~100: 100较佳。
实施例 15
本例涉及用作润湿杂废纤维表面的偶连剂即塑化橡胶料或 /和油类等物料的选配, 进一 步介绍选料配方, 具体如表 2所述: (本例偶连剂适用于配制进天然、 丁苯、顺丁等通用橡 胶中使用的杂废纤维 [) (表 2)
选用物料分类 选用物料品种 选用物料的重量份 用物料编号 含油植物仁、果类 棉子仁或 /和菜子 10 1 物料 油橄榄肉 10 2
植物油、 树脂 桐油或 /和橄榄油 - 10 3
及衍生物类物料 花生油或 /和大豆油 10 4
二甲苯松香树脂或 /和萜稀树脂 10 5
水杉树脂或 /和松香甘油酯 10 6
橡塑常用软化剂 石油树脂或 /和苯乙烯树脂 1 7
无臭沥青或 /和白油膏 50 8 硫化橡胶粉的改性物 胶粉改性沥青的乳化物 2 9 表面活性剂 平平加 1 10
实施例 16
本例涉及用作润湿杂废纤维表面的偶连剂即塑化橡胶料或 /和油类等物料的选配, 进一 绍选料配方, 具体如表 3所述: (本例偶连剂适用于配制进天然、 丁苯、顺丁等通用橡
实施例 18
本例涉及用作润湿杂废纤维表面的偶连剂即塑化橡胶料或 /和油类等物料的选配, 进一 步介绍选料配方, 具体如表 5所述: (本例偶连剂适用于配制进天然、丁苯、顺丁等通用橡 胶中使用的杂废纤维料) ( ¾ 5 )
选用物料分类 选用物料品种 选用物料的重量份 选用物料编号 茶子仁 10 1
含油植物仁、 果类物料 棕榈子仁 10 2
乌桕子仁油 10 3
玉米胚芽油 10 4
植物油、树脂及衍生物类物 氢化松香 10 5
料 米糠油 10 6
橡塑常用软化剂 石油树脂 1 7
无臭沥青 50 8
橡、 塑乳液 橡胶沥青乳化液 2 9
实施例 19
本例涉及用作润湿杂废纤维表面的偶连剂即塑化橡胶料或 /和油类等物料的选配, 进一 步介绍选料配方, 具体如表 6所述: (本例偶连剂适用于配制进天然、 丁苯、顺丁等通用橡 胶中使用的杂废纤维料) (¾ 6)
实施例 20
本例涉及用作润湿杂废纤维表面的偶连剂即塑化橡胶料或 /和油类等物料的选配, 进一 步介绍选料配方, 具体如表 7所述: (本例偶连剂适用于配制进乙丙、 丁基, 丁腈等特种橡 胶中使用的杂废纤维料) (¾ 7)
实施例中所述加水适量,是指加水至偶连剂物料不过于粘稠, 以便于偶连剂物料与杂废 纤维之间的润湿混合。
实施例 21
本实施例采用预先配制的润湿杂废纤维表面的偶连剂, 具体是:
取 100重量份的从斜交轮胎或 /和半钢子午轮胎或 /和输送胶带中分离得到的杂废纤维, 将其置于动态密闭加热罐中, 在罐温 60~120°C下, 加入 30~50重量份的胶粉改性沥青乳化 液作润湿偶连剂, (所述的乳化液, 其配方如实施例 18), 密闭搅拌均匀即可, 搅拌时间一 般控制在 20~30分钟, 再将物料从罐中放出, 乘热将物料展平在聚乙烯等的塑料膜上, 物 料展平的初始厚度可控制在 20~30mm, 将展平物料冷至不粘手后, 将厚松的展平物料辊压 密实至呈毛毡状或沥青胶毡状, 然后将此杂废纤维毡状混合物连带塑料膜一起卷成约 10~30kg一卷的卷状包装, 即得本发明所述的一种杂废纤维做再次循环利用的产品。 此产 品至少可用于配方橡、 塑胶料, 以增加橡、 塑胶料的定伸强度等物性。
本实施例也采用预先配制的润湿杂废纤维表面的偶连剂, 具体是:
取 100重量份的从斜交轮胎中分离得到的杂废纤维,将其置于动态密闭加热罐中,在室 温下, 加入 30重量份的胶粉改性沥青的乳化液, (所述的乳化液中: 固形物含量在 40%; 其配方如实施例 16), 可在非密闭条件下搅拌 10~30分钟, 再将物料从罐中放出, 将物料 展平在聚乙烯等的塑料膜上, 物料展平的初始厚度可控制在 20~30mm, 在展平物料上洒上 少许没拌胶乳的杂废纤维粉作防粘隔离剂, 不粘手后, 再将厚松的展平物料辊压密实至呈 毛毡状, 然后将此杂废纤维毡状混合物连带塑料膜一起卷成约 10~30kg—卷的卷状包装, 即可得非深黑色的一种杂废纤维再利用的产品。 此产品可用于浅色橡、 塑胶料的配方。
实施例 23
本实施例采用临时配制的润湿杂废纤维表面的偶连剂, 具体是 - 取 100重量份的从半钢子午轮胎中分离得到的杂废纤维 (其中含有不低于 15%的钢丝 纤维, 含有不低于 10%的胶粉), 将其置于动态密闭加热罐中, 在罐温 100~120°C下, 加入 20重量份的沥青, 20重量份的机油, 0.5~3重量份的平平加, 10重量份的水, 密闭升温至 120~180°C搅拌 40分钟 ~2个小时, 再将物料从罐中放出, 将物料冷至 50°C以下, 乘热将 物料置于塑料编织袋中, 每袋装入量可控制在 5~25 公斤, 也可再将己装了料的塑料编织 袋数个集在一起用打包机压缩后打成一个重量在 50~500 公斤的产品包装, 这样的产品包 装便于提高运输效率, 也便于拆包使用。
实施例 24
本实施例涉及一种高效的胶粉粒度分级组合机械, 具体是:
23-1 胶粉粒度分级组合机械, 如附图 9所示, 为本发明所述胶粉粒度分级组合机 械的一种实施方式, 它是在旋风分离器 1前串接一重力 ~气流颗粒分级器, 所述的重力〜气 流颗粒分级器, 由携带混合粒径胶粉的一次风的进风道 2, 对携料的一次风实施减速,且促 其变流旋转的减速流段 3,呈水平设置携带细颗粒的尾风通道 4,呈向下倾斜设置的二次风 进风道 5, 在减速流段 3的近地点处, 设置二次风流与颗粒物料重力向流的交汇碰撞点 6, 垂直向下设置的粗粒子下落道 7所组成。
如附图 9所示, 在所述的重力〜气流颗粒分级器中, 一次风被导入重力〜气流颗粒分级 器, 在减速流段 3中, 由于流段 3的截面积大于进风道 2的截面积, 所以所进的一次风在 此流段被减速,又由于流段 3呈圆柱形,一次风又是沿圆环切边流入, 所以减速的一次风变 成旋转流, 在此旋转流中, 粗粒被旋转分离至圆边, 然后被导落向下, 细粉从减速流段 3 中间的水平设置的尾风通道 4流出, 携有一部分细粉的粗粒料流在旋至近地点垂直下落, 行至碰撞点 6时, 与二次风发生两次碰撞, 第一次是在所示 6 (上) 以其两流的碰撞角约 等于 90°离去角约等于 120°发生碰撞, 第二次是在所示 6 (下) 以其两流的碰撞角约等于 45°离去角约等于 120°发生碰撞。 携有一部分细粉的粗粒料流经与二次风的碰撞, 其中所 携的细粉被扬出再回流段 3, 从而使下落的粗粒料流中细粉含量进一步减少。
如附图 9所示, 以控制二次风进风道 5入口处的风门大小, 能使尾风通道 4流出的细 粉粒径符合技术要求, 但从下落道 7出来的粗颗粒, 其中还会有少量的细粉, 再将此只占 原来待分级胶粉料 30~10%的下落道 7出来的粗颗粒导入机械筛进一步筛分;从尾风通道 4 流出的尾风经旋风分离器 1旋风收集出符合产品要求的细颗粒., 将其收入细粉集料仓; 旋 风分离器出来的尾气进滤袋除尘器后排空或回用。
23— 2。 本发明所述胶粉粒度分级组合机械中的重力〜气流颗粒分级器, 也可如附图 10所示, 它也是由携带混合粒径胶粉的一次风的进风道 2, 对携料的一次风实施减速的减 速流段 3, 呈倾斜向上设置携带细颗粒的尾风通道 4, 呈向下倾斜设置的二次风进风道 5, 在减速流段 3的近地点处, 设置二次风流与颗粒物料重力向流的交汇碰撞点 6, 垂直向下 设置的粗粒子下落道 7所组成。
23-3 本发明所述胶粉粒度分级组合机械中的重力〜气流颗粒分级器,也可如附图 11 所示, 它也是由携带混合粒径胶粉的一次风的进风道 2, 对携料的一次风实施减速的减速 流段 3, 呈倾斜向上设置携带细颗粒的尾风通道 4, 呈垂直向下设置的二次风进风道 5, 在 减速流段 3的近地点处, 设置二次风流与颗粒物料重力向流的交汇碰撞点 6, 垂直向下设 置的粗粒子下落道 7所组成。
23-2或 /和 23-3所述胶粉粒度分级组合机械中的重力~气流颗粒分级器,其进风道 2 也可串接于 23— 1所述胶粉粒度分级组合机械中的重力〜气流颗粒分级器的粗粒子下落道 7 之下,以进一步减少粗粒料流中的细粉料含量。 23— 2、 23-3所述的重力 ~气流颗粒分级器, 其作用机理与 23— 1雷同。使用本发明所述的胶粉粒度分级组合机械能比现时仅用摇摆筛、
离心筛分级胶粉粒度的工段工效至少提高一倍。
实施例 25
本实施例涉及普通炭黑生产装置 E与热裂解 A或 /和超细胶粉 B或 /和再生胶 C生产装 置相组合, 具体是:
如附图 13所示, 由公知的普通炭黑生产装置 E与热裂解 A或 /和超细胶粉 B或 /和再 生胶 C生产装置相组合;
其中所述的 E具体包括单元设备: 原料油脱水罐 1 , 导油泵 2, 原料油罐 3, 燃料油 罐 4, 燃料油过滤器 5, 燃料泵 6, 燃料油预热器 7, 喷燃雾化器 8, 主供风机 9, 空气预热 器 10, 炭黑反应炉燃烧段 11, 原料油过滤器 12, 原料油泵 13, 原料油预热器 14, 原料油 喷咀 15, 余热锅炉 16, 主袋滤器 17, 反吹风机 18, 尾气加压风机 19, 尾气燃烧炉 20, 微 粉碎机 21,风送风机 22,旋风分离器 23,袋滤器贮斗 24, 回流风机 25,主供料输送器 26, 湿法造粒机 27, 贮斗 28, 添加剂喷咀 29, 计量泵 30, 粘结剂贮罐 31, 干燥机 32, 尾气炉 供风机 33, 筛选机 34, 不合格品贮罐 35, 成品输送器 36, 磁选机 37, 产品输送器 38, 贮 存提升机 39, 产品贮罐 40, 包装机 41, 废气加压风机 42 , 废气袋滤器 43, 蒸汽包 44, 余 热锅炉 45, 蒸汽包 46, 汽轮机 47, 压缩空气 48, 泵 49, 泵 50等;
其中所述的 A总包括有单元设备: 油罐, 可燃气罐, 供电变压器等; 其中所述的 B总 包括有单元设备: 供电变压器等; 其中所述的 C总包括有单元设备: 供电变压器, 蒸汽包 等;
如本例附图 13所示, 其中包括了本发明所述的特征:
在炭黑生产装置 E与废旧橡、塑二次利用再生加工的生产装置 A或 /和 B或 /和 C之间 设置有能量、 物料的输送机构, 具体有:
在普通炭黑生产装置 E中的单元设备汽轮机 47,与热裂解 A或 /和超细胶粉 B或 /和再 生胶 C生产装置中的单元设备供电变压器之间, 设置有供电电路;
在 E的汽轮机 47或 /和蒸汽包 44和 C的供汽储汽包之间设置有供汽管路; 在 A的油罐或 /和可燃气罐和 E中的原料油脱水罐 1、喷燃雾化器 8之间设置有供油、 燃气的管路。
实施例 26
本实施例涉及普通炭黑生产装置 E与热裂解 A或 /和塑料造粒生产装置 D相组合, 具 体是- 如附图 14所示,由公知的普通炭黑生产装置 E与热裂解 A或 /和塑料热挤出生产装置 D相组合;
其中所述的 E具体包括的单元设备与实施例 24相同; 其中所述的 A总包括有单元设 备- 油罐, 可燃气罐, 供电变压器, 裂解炉等; 其中所述的 D总包括有单元设备: 供电变 压器等;
如本例附图 14所示, 其中包括了本发明所述的特征:
在炭黑生产装置 E与废旧橡、 塑二次利用再生加工的生产装置 A或 /和 D之间设置有 能量、 物料的输送机构, 具体有:
在普通炭黑生产装置 E中的单元设备汽轮机 47, 与热裂解 A或 /和塑料热挤出生产装 置 D中的单元设备供电变压器之间, 设置有供电电路;
在 A的油罐或 /和可燃气罐和 E中的原料油脱水罐 1、喷燃雾化器 8之间设置有供油、 燃气的管路;
在 A的裂解炉与 D的不宜造粒的杂废塑料堆场仓库之间设置有输送机构。
本发明人经上述的说明, 相信可使本领域的技术人员明了, 废旧高分子物料特别是从 废旧轮胎中拆出的杂碎纤维, 能经热裂解而被利用; 废旧高分子物料热裂解所得的热裂解 炭黑(渣)、 焦油渣可被用于制备胶粉、 再生胶; 能使处理废旧高分子物料特别是废旧轮胎 等废橡胶的常温粉碎工艺, 既能适用于呈大块料也能适用于粉粒料; 使常温粉碎工艺变成 不但能适用于黏性、 非黏性废橡胶品种, 而且可使被处理物料都处理成能过 100~200目筛 网的分级或混合粒度的超细胶粉料; 用磨轮法所得的常温粉碎细胶粉经在生产线上塑化处 理后, 能使胶粉与胶料的相溶性变好; 100~200目的分级或混合粒度的超细胶粉料经再生 胶工艺的热处理, 塑化后的超细胶粉料可不再经现市再生胶工艺的精炼处理, 所得超细胶 粉塑化料能兼有胶粉的抗蹼性、 空间阻隔性和再生胶的连片黏性等优点。
本发明人在改进和优化组合了现有独立实施的各种废旧高分子物料再生利用方法的基 础上, 又提出了将普通炭黑的生产过程也组合进来, 会进一步收到更佳的效果。
涉及热裂解与非热裂解这两大类工艺之间组合的, 本领域的技术人员只要按本发明的 构思和技术方案, 参照实施例 1~3, 操作只要以控制前述的步骤 I、 步骤 II的投料种类、 数量的方式, 就能掌控中间产物组 I中的 5~200目的废旧高分子物料粉粒, 与中间产物组 II中的热裂解炭黑的重量之比在 100: 10-900范围; 或 /和掌控中间产物组 I中的 5~200目 的废旧高分子物料粉粒, 与中间产物组 II中的焦油渣的重量之比在 100: 2-100 范围; 实 施的集成装置只要其核心包括有 (必备的) 热裂解 A和 (两者至少有其一的) 细粉碎 B、 热塑化 C装置的有机组合,再加上能使核心 (指热裂解炉、精细或超细粉碎机、密闭加热罐) 装置得以协调工作的 A、 B、 C 外围配套设置作辅助条件; 本领域的技术人员在处理利用 废旧高分子物料, 特别是废轮胎时, 都能达到本发明说明书所述的效果。
涉及对现市的常温粉碎或常温粉碎和再生胶各分支工艺间实施优势互补方案的, 只要 按本发明的构思和技术方案, 参照实施例 4~13, 本领域的技术人员在处理利用废旧高分子 物料时, 也都能达到本发明说明书所述的效果。 涉及对杂废纤维做再次循环利用产品的, 也只要按本发明的构思和技术方案, 参照实施例 14~23, 就可得到一种无需对现市杂废纤 维实施严格分离, 生产过程无污染, 且又有广泛市场需求的杂废纤维毡状混合物产品。 涉 及对现时胶粉分级分离的一种高效的胶粉粒度分级组合机械的, 也只要按本发明的构思和 技术方案, 参照实施例 24, 就可将现时仅用摇摆筛、 离心筛分级胶粉粒度的工段工效至少 提高一倍。 涉及将普通炭黑生产装置与废旧高分子物料再生利用方法生产装置相组合的, 可具体按本发明的构思和技术方案, 参照实施例 25~26, 就会进一步收到再生与新产过程 能在全组份、 绿色化、 节能、 高值利用氛围中的和谐共生的更佳效果。
本发明所述的构思、 技术方案, 产业部门依据自身需要, 再参照实施例, 选取所需的一 项或一项以上进行组合实施, 无需创造性劳动, 就能够获得预期的技术效果。
Claims
1. 废旧高分子物料组合再生, 或和炭黑相联产的方法, 其特征是, 至少包括如下的一 种或一种以上的组合:
1-a. 对废旧高分子物料实施热裂解与非热裂解这两大类处理工艺之间组合的至少包 括如下 3个步骤之间的组合, 具体是:
步骤 I, 对一部分废旧高分子物料实施破切或粗碎加工, 得到中间产物组 I, 所述的 中间产物组 I包括但不限于: 50~800X50~800mm的废旧高分子物料的大胶块, 或 5~200 目的废旧高分子物料粉粒, 或废旧高分子物料粉粒和杂碎纤维骨架;
步骤 II, 对另一部分废旧高分子物料, 或 /和步骤 I的中间产物组 I中的杂碎纤维骨架 实施加热裂解及其后续加工, 得到产品组 II和中间产物组 II; 所述的产品组 II, 包括: 热 裂解油或 /和其分馏、 精馏产物, 或金属骨架和热裂解油或 /和其分馏、 精馏产物; 所述的 中间产物组 II, 包括: 热裂解炭黑渣或焦油渣;
步骤 III, 将步骤 II所得中间产物组 II 中的热裂解炭黑渣或 /和焦油渣与步骤 I所得的 中间产物组 I中的 5~200目的废旧高分子物料粉粒混合在一起,实施超细粉碎或 /和加热断 硫、 塑化、 混合的加工, 又得到产品组 I, 所述的产品组 I, 包括但不限于 : 超细胶粉与 炭黑粉末的混合物, 所述混合物中的超细胶粉都能过 100目网筛, 炭黑粉末都能过 200目 网筛; 或细于 200目的热裂解炭黑和已塑化的废旧高分子物料的胶状混合物;
即经过采用废旧高分子物料组合循环利用的方法, 能得到产品组 I和产品组 II; 所述 产品组 I, 其中包括但不限于: 超细胶粉与炭黑粉末的混合物, 所述混合物中的超细胶粉 都能过 100 目网筛, 炭黑粉末都能过 200 目网筛, 所述混合物产品可以是包括但不限于 100-200目范围的粒度分级或混合产品; 或细于 200目的热裂解炭黑和已塑化的废旧高分 子物料的粉状或 /和胶状混合物; 所述 "产品组 11 ", 其中包括: 热裂解油或 /和其精分馏产 物, 或金属骨架和热裂解油或 /和其精馏产物;
l--b.涉及对现市非热裂解法中的常温磨轮与常温剪切磨盘粉碎工艺间实施优势互补组 合的:
将不含金属骨架等有害杂质的己分类的 50~800X50~800mm大块废旧高分子物料, 置 其于磨轮组合装置中的进料斗中, 大块物料经磨轮式橡胶精细粉碎机处理后, 大块废旧高 分子物料被磨碎成 20~200 目的混合胶粉料, 再脱除混合胶粉料中可能夹带的非金属纤维 杂质或 /和过 100目筛的细胶粉,混合胶粉料或未过 100目筛的粗胶粉再与粉末隔离等助剂 相混后导入剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎机中进行再粉碎,粉碎物料用气流导入旋风分离器中, 旋风分离器的尾气经除尘器后排空或 /和再利用,将旋风分离器中收集的粉碎物料导入至粗 为 100目的网筛分级、 分离, 未过 100目网的粗物料收集后导入前道胶粉料与粉末隔离等 助剂相混工序再行混合、 粉碎操作, 过网物料收集后导入成品仓; 所得至少包括但不限于 细于等于 100、 110、 120、 130、 140、 150、 160、 170、 180、 190、 200的各分级或混合级 胶粉成品, 它们可作为商品出售;
1--C. 涉及对现市非热裂解法中的常温粉碎剪切磨盘工艺的改进方案:
将在公知的剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎工艺中得到的, 其中已至少含有 30%重量的能过 200 目的混合粒径胶粉, 将其至少再在剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎机里再粉碎一次, 使之成 为至少含有 75%能过 200目的混合粒径胶粉物料; '
l--d. 涉及对常温粉碎工艺中的磨轮粉碎法所得细胶粉加设后续塑化改性方案:在磨轮 粉碎法工艺经分级工序所得细胶粉的后续处理中, 设置拌入塑化助剂的工续, 所述的塑化 助剂为公知橡胶软化剂类物料或 /和用此公知物料的配方混合物,所述的细胶粉以细于等于 100目者为佳, 塑化助剂与细胶粉的混合比例以 3~15: 97~85为宜。
l--e. 涉及对现市非热裂解法中的常温粉碎和再生胶各分支工艺间实施组合的: 将不含金属骨架等有害杂质的已分类的 50~800X50~800mm大块废旧高分子物料, 置 其于磨轮组合装置中的进料斗中, 大块物料经磨轮式橡胶磨处理后, 大块废旧高分子物料 被磨碎成 20~200 目的混合胶粉料, 再脱除混合胶粉料中可能夹带的非金属纤维杂质, 混 合胶粉料再与粉末隔离等助剂相混后导入剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎机中进行再粉碎, 粉碎 物料用气流导入分级机、 旋风分离器中, 旋风分离器的尾气经除尘器后排空或 /和再利用, 将旋风分离器中收集的粉碎物料导入工间储存料仓, 所得粉碎物料的后续加工与公知的再 生胶工艺相衔接;此所得的精细粉碎物料中约含有至少 80%以上的能过 100目网筛的胶粉, 用此所得的精细 -80~100 目-与超细胶粉-细于等于 100 目 -的混合物代替再生胶工艺目前所 用的 5~40目粗胶粉, 能减少再生胶工艺中的精炼操作至少 50%。
2. 如权利要求 1.所述的方法, 其特征在于:
l--a.中所述 3个步骤之间的组合, 还包括:
以控制步骤 I、 步骤 II的投料品种、 数量的方式, 掌控中间产物组 I中的 50~800X 50~800mm的废旧高分子物料的胶块, 或 /和 5~200目的废旧高分子物料粉粒, 与中间产物 组 II中的热裂解炭黑的重量之比在 100: 10~900范围, 尤以 100: 20~60和 100: 400-900 两区间为最佳范围;
以控制步骤 I、 步骤 II的投料品种、 数量的方式, 掌控中间产物组 I中的 50~500X 50~500的废旧高分子物料的胶块, 或 /和 5~200 目的废旧高分子物料粉粒, 与中间产物组 II中的焦油渣的重量之比在 100: 2~100范围, 尤以 100: 2~20范围为佳。
3. 如权利要求 1.所述的方法, 其特征在于:
\→所述方法应用于用粗目数如 5~20 目的热裂解炭黑渣等刚性物料与高分子物料的 粉碎操作, 有效避免采用一次过机的超细粉碎, 常会带来所得产物中有粗于 200目的炭黑 等刚性物料的弊病。
4. 如权利要求 1.所述的方法, 其特征在于:
(2.-a) 用市售 /自制所得的 50~800X50~800mm废旧高分子物料, 或 /和市售 /自制所得的 杂碎纤维骨架, 实施加热裂解的加工;
或 /和 (2.-b) 用市售 /自制所得的热裂解炭黑或 /和焦油渣与市售 /自制所得的 5~200目的废 旧高分子物料粉粒, 实施超细粉碎或 /和加热断硫、 塑化、 混合的加工。
5. 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于: 具体包括对非热裂解工艺改进中, 还提供 一种对从轮胎、胶带等废旧高分子制品中分离所得的杂废纤维做再次循环利用的处理方案 : 将杂废纤维与塑化橡胶料或 /和油类物料按 (重量比) 100: 5-100 相混, 得到一种毛毡状 或胶、 油毡状的混合物; 所述塑化橡胶料、 油类物料, 至少包含下列一种或一种以上的物 料-
(a)含油植物仁、 果类物料, (b)植物油、 树脂及衍生物类物料, (c)含油脂脱色渣 泥类物料, (d) 橡、 塑常用软化剂, 以及 (e) 硫化橡胶粉的改性物, (f) 橡、 塑乳液; 其中,
(a) 含油植物仁、 果类物料, 包括但不限于: 桐油树子仁、 油橄榄仁、 椰子仁、 棉 子仁、 菜子、 花生仁、 大豆、 棕榈子仁、 红花子、 葵花子仁、 茶子仁、 亚麻子、 苏子仁、 橡胶子仁、 油橄榄肉、 乌桕子仁、 文冠果仁、 山杏仁、 毛株子、 榛子、 黄连木子、 楝树子、 核桃仁、 翅果油树子仁, 未成熟的松果等的一种或一种以上的组合;
(b) 植物油、 树脂及衍生物类物料, 包括但不限于: 玉米胚芽油、 米糠油、 棉子油、 菜子油、 花生油、 大豆油、 棕榈油、 葵花子油、 橄榄油、 茶子油、 椰子仁油、 桐油、 亚麻 子油、 乌桕子仁油、 苏子油、 餐馆回收油、 松香、 太古油、 氢化松香、 脱氢松香、 松香甘 油酯、 松香季戊四醇酯、 二甲苯松香树脂、 松香酯、 松树树脂、 水杉树脂、 榆树树脂、 桃 树树脂、 废花生浆等的一种或一种以上的组合;
( C ) 含油脂脱色渣泥类物料, 包括但不限于: 油脂、 炼油厂脱色净化工段排弃的含 油、 脂、 脂肪酸的活性炭或白土的渣泥等的一种或一种以上的组合;
(d) 橡塑常用软化剂, 包括但不限于: 润滑油、 机油、 白油、 卤化石蜡油、 石蜡油、 三线油、六线油、 变压器油、 聚丁烯油、 C4〜18脂肪酸、 凡士林、 卤化石蜡、石蜡、 蜂蜡、 动物油、 黑油膏、 白油膏、 无臭沥青、 乳化沥青、 环氧大豆油、 垸基酚醛树脂、 萜稀树脂、 石油树脂、 特辛基酚醛树脂、 古马隆、 苯乙烯树脂、 低分子聚乙烯蜡、 低分子聚丙烯蜡、 硬脂酸、 软脂酸、 油酸、 棕榈酸、 聚乙烯醇、 戊醇、 己醇、 庚醇、 辛醇、 癸醇、 十二醇、 十四醇、 十六醇、 十八醇、 环戊醇、 环己醇、 苯甲醇、 乙二醇、 丙二醇、 丙三醇、 2-乙基 己醇、 2-辛醇、 月桂醇、 松油醇、 (C7〜18)混合脂肪醇、 季戊四醇、 木糖醇、 一缩二丙二 醇、 邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、 邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯、 邻苯二甲酸二脂族醇酯、 磷酸三丁酯、 磷 酸三乙酯、 磷酸三苯酯、 磷酸三甲苯酯、 磷酸二苯基 -2-乙基己酯、 对苯二甲酸二辛脂、 已 二酸二辛脂、己二酸二 -2-乙基己基酯、癸二酸二 -2-乙基己基酯等的一种或一种以上的组合;
(e)硫化橡胶粉的改性物, 包括但不限于: 硫化橡胶粉的断硫塑化物、 用硫化橡胶粉 改性的沥青、 再生橡胶乳化物、 胶粉改性沥青的乳化物等的一种或一种以上的组合;
(f)橡、 塑乳液, 包括但不限于: 橡胶乳化液、 橡胶沥青乳化液、 废塑料沥青乳化液 等的一种或一种以上的组合;
所得的一种毛毡状或胶、 油毡状的混合物可造为独立的再次循环利用的产品。
6. 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 涉及将废旧橡、 塑高分子物料再生过程和普通炭黑生 产过程组合的, 其特征在于: 至少包括如下的一种或一种以上的组合:
6~a. 将源于普通炭黑生产过程中产生的尾气, 经余热锅炉回收, 转化所得的蒸汽, 供予废旧橡、 塑高分子物料再生加工所需的加热;
6-b. 将源于普通炭黑生产过程中产生的尾气, 经余热锅炉、 汽轮机转化所得的电能, 供予废旧橡、 塑高分子物料再生加工的机械用电;
6--C. 将废旧橡、 塑高分子物料高分子物料热裂解所得的可燃气或 /和燃料油, 供予炭 黑生产作炭源、 燃料。
7.实现权利要求 1所述方法的集成装置, 涉及热裂解与非热裂解这两大类集成装置之 间组合的, 其特征在于:
一种包括对废旧高分子物料实施热裂解等加工的子装置 A,或 /和精细或超细粉碎等加 工的子装置 B, 或 /和断硫塑化、 混合等加工的子装置 C进行组合集成的装置; 其中, 用子 装置 A、 B、 C进行有机的组合, 得到包括由在公知配置的子装置 A和 B或 /和 C基础上, 经加、 减其各自的子配套设置后的再集成。
8. 如权利要求 7所述的集成装置, 其特征在于: 还包括:
其中的子装置 A,包括在公知的处理废轮胎等橡胶的热裂解成套装备的炭黑处理工段, 减去配套的炭黑超细粉碎或 /和超细炭黑装袋装备; 在其裂解炉或罐或塔或柱或转窑之前 的原料进口与子装置 B的 "杂碎纤维骨架"集料机构间设置有输入杂碎纤维的机构; 在其 细于 5~250目的 "热裂解炭黑"粉各分级储料仓与子装置 B间设置有输送机构; 或再在其
细于 200~500目的 "热裂解炭黑" 细粉储料仓与子装置 C间设置有输送炭黑的机构; 其中的子装置 B, 包括在公知的处理废轮胎橡胶的常温精细粉碎或超细粉碎的成套装 备的待细碎物储料仓或配料工段的机构与子装置 A间设置有输入炭黑的机构; 在其 "杂碎 纤维骨架"集料机构与子装置 A间设置有输送杂碎纤维的机构;
其中的子装置 C, 包括在公知的生产再生橡胶的成套装备的动态断硫罐或釜或捏炼或 挤出设备前, 与子装置 A的细于 200目的 "热裂解炭黑" 细粉储料仓间设置有输入炭黑 的机构; 在其 "杂碎纤维骨架"集料机构与子装置 A间设置有输送杂碎纤维 机构; 前述集成装置中的输送炭黑、 杂碎纤维的机构, 是指: 螺旋输送机、 刮板输送机、 链 斗输送机、 管链输送机、 气流输送机、 输送运载车等的一种或一种以上的组合;
前述集成装置中的输送焦油渣的机构, 是指: 在物料呈流体时的输送管道、运送槽车, 或在物料呈固态时的运载车等的一种或一种以上的组合。
9.实现权利要求 1所述方法的集成装置,还涉及对现在的常温粉碎或常温粉碎和再生 胶各分支集成装置之间的 B或 B和 C实施改良、优势互补的方案, 所述的组合设置, 至少 包括如下的一种或一种以上的组合:
9一 a. 常温粉碎工艺各分支所用的集成装置 B内之间实施优势互补方案, 其特征是- 在公知的磨轮式常温精细粉碎组合装置 (B滚) 中的存放胶粉或胶粉与粉末隔离剂混合物 的储料仓, 与剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎组合装置 (B剪) 中的剪切磨盘精细粉碎机的进料 口之间设置导料机构, 并保留原 (B剪) 在其剪切磨盘精细粉碎核心单元机械前序、 后续 的机械设置, 并保留原 (B滚) 在其存放胶粉或胶粉与粉末隔离剂混合物的储料仓的前序 机械设置;
9-b. 常温粉碎工艺各分支所用的集成装置 B 内之间实施优势互补方案, 其特征是: 在公知的剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎组合装置 (B剪) 中的精细粉碎、 风导螺旋分离的粉碎 料出口后, 再设置至少一组的由剪切磨盘式精细粉碎、 风导螺旋分离的单元机械串联的粉 碎、 风导出料的机构, 变现有公知的剪切磨盘式橡胶精细粉碎组合装置 (B —级剪) 中的 一级精细粉碎设置为至少是含有两级串联的精细粉碎设置, 即成为组合装置 (B二级剪);
9-C. 在常温粉碎法中的磨轮组合装置(B磨)中加设对细胶粉的塑化处理装置的改良 方案, 其特征是: 在磨轮组合装置 (B磨) 中的分级装置之后, 设置能加入塑化助剂、 拌 和的机械, 所述的机械至少包括拌合机、 捏合机、 混合螺杆机、 (放置塑化助剂、 与胶粉混 合料的) 料槽等的一种或一种以上的组合;
9-d. 常温粉碎和再生胶各分支集成装置之间的 B和 C实施优势互补方案,其特征是: 在常温精细粉碎组合装置 (B滚)或 /和 (B剪) 的存放至少 60%以上是能过 100目网筛的 胶粉储料仓与公知的再生胶组合装置 C中的粗胶粉储料仓或 /和高温罐或 /和密炼机或 /和螺 杆机之间设置导料机构;
所述的导料机构, 也是指: 螺旋输送机、 刮板输送机、 链斗输送机、 管链输送机、 气 流输送机、 输送运载车的一种或一种以上的组合。
10. 实现权利要求 1所述方法的集成装置, 还涉及对现在精细或超细粉碎机出料口或 / 和其后的待筛分粉料集料仓后与机械筛和细粉集料仓之间设置一种分级效率高于现有仅用 机械筛的胶粉粒度分级工段的组合装置, 其特征在于- 设置的胶粉粒度分级组合装置是由公知的旋风分离器 1 与一重力〜气流颗粒分级器相 串联所组成;
其中所述的重力〜气流颗粒分级器, 其构造:
设置一次风的进风道 2, 将携带混合粒径胶粉的一次风导入重力〜气流颗粒分级器; 设
置使一次风线速度减慢的减速流段 3, 使粗、 重胶粉粒子分离、 沉积出来; 设置水平或向 上倾斜的尾风通道 4,使从重力〜气流颗粒分级器中分出的细粒子离去时尽可能不带走粗粒 胶粉; 设置倾斜或垂直向下的二次风进风道 5, 以防停机时会有物料漏出; 在减速流段 3 的近地点处, 设置二次风流与颗粒物料重力向流的交汇碰撞点 6, 所述的交汇碰撞点 6在 重力〜气流颗粒分级器中至少设置一个; 在重力〜气流颗粒分级器中分出的粗粒子从垂直设 置的下落道 7流落出重;^ ~气流颗粒分级器;
在如上所述的重力〜气流颗粒分级器的构造中, 还包括:
二次风流与颗粒物料重力向流的交汇碰撞点 6, 其两流的碰撞角以小于等于 90°为佳, 两流碰撞后的离去角以大于等于 120Q为佳;
所述的对一次风实施减速的流段, 具体地说是将此风道设置成能使一次风的线速度相 对于一次风在入此风道设置前变慢的管路, 即此段设置的风道截面积大于此段的进段风道 截面积;
所述的重力 ~气流颗粒分级器或其和公知的旋风分离器相串联的组合装置, 可作为一 种独立的机械产品。
11. 实现权利要求 1所述方法的集成装置, 涉及炭黑生产装置与废旧橡、 塑高分子物 料二次利用再生加工的生产装置之间组合的, 其特征在于- 在炭黑生产装置 E与热裂解 A或 /和常温粉碎 B或 /和再生胶 C或 /和塑料造粒 D生产 装置之间设置有能量、 物料的输送机构;
所述的输送机构, 包括但不限于如下所述的一种或一种以上的组合:
ll--a. 在炭黑生产装置 E中的余热回收蒸汽储汽包与废旧橡、 塑二次利用加工的生产 装置 (热裂解 A或 /和胶粉 B或 /和再生胶 C或 /和挤出造粒 D) 中的汽轮发电机或 /和蒸汽' 包之间, 或 /和 (再生胶 B中) 断硫加热罐之间设置有输送蒸汽的管路;
ll--b.在炭黑生产装置 E中的余热回收蒸汽储汽包或 /和汽轮机与废旧橡、 塑二次利用 加工的生产装置(热裂解 A或 /和胶粉 B或 /和再生胶 C或 /和挤出造粒 D)中的蒸汽包之间, 或 /和 (再生胶 B中) 断硫加热罐之间设置有输送蒸汽的管路:
11--C.在炭黑生产装置 E中从蒸汽回收电能的汽轮发电机或 /和原向上商业电网的变压 器与废旧橡、 塑二次利用加工的 (热裂解 A或 /和胶粉 B或 /和再生胶 C或 /和挤出造粒 D) 生产装置中的供电变压器或 /和电机之间, 设置有输送电能的缆线电路;
11-d. 在废旧橡、塑二次利用加工的热裂解 A生产装置中的热裂解炉或 /和储气、储油 柜与炭黑生产装置 E中的燃烧炉或 /和储气、储油柜之间, 设置有输送可燃气体、燃油的管 路。
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| CN103205140A (zh) * | 2013-05-06 | 2013-07-17 | 中橡集团炭黑工业研究设计院 | 一种用于热裂法炭黑生产的裂解炉 |
| CN107930830A (zh) * | 2017-12-16 | 2018-04-20 | 江西正拓新能源科技股份有限公司 | 一种人造石墨负极材料生产系统 |
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| CN103205140A (zh) * | 2013-05-06 | 2013-07-17 | 中橡集团炭黑工业研究设计院 | 一种用于热裂法炭黑生产的裂解炉 |
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| CN107930830B (zh) * | 2017-12-16 | 2023-05-02 | 江西正拓新能源科技股份有限公司 | 一种人造石墨负极材料生产系统 |
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| CN112646549A (zh) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-13 | 李想 | 一种环保耐腐蚀密封胶生产方法 |
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| ES2823925A1 (es) * | 2021-02-15 | 2021-05-10 | Univ Valencia Politecnica | Procedimiento de obtencion de un material reciclado a partir de envases de pet multicapa y material reciclado obtenido con el mismo |
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| CN113861511A (zh) * | 2021-11-11 | 2021-12-31 | 青岛伊克斯达智能装备有限公司 | 一种改性裂解炭黑及其制备方法和耐老化的混炼胶 |
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