WO2008058883A1 - Centrifuge, especially separator, with solid discharge orifices - Google Patents

Abstract

A centrifuge, especially separator, with a centrifuging drum (2) which is rotatable about a preferably vertical axis of rotation (D) and has a drum jacket provided with at least one or a plurality of solid discharge orifices which have bores (7) with discharge orifices (10) is characterized in that the bores (7) are arranged completely or partly in vertical direction at different heights (Z axis).

Description

 Centrifuge, in particular separator, with solids outlet nozzles

The invention relates to a centrifuge having a spinning drum rotatable about a rotation axis, in particular a separator having a centrifugal drum rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such a separator is known from US 3,108,952. In the outer wall of the centrifugal drum of this separator are in the region of the largest inner diameter of the centrifugal drum solids outlet nozzles angle 1 offset from each other. In this case, nozzle bodies are used in each case in bores of the drum shell, which do not extend radially outward, but are oriented obliquely to the respective radial direction in order to use the acceleration effect of emerging from the nozzle product phase, which reduces the energy required to rotate the centrifugal drum.

Since the outlet nozzles are arranged inclined to the radial direction, the product jet emerging from the outlet nozzles can at least to a certain extent hit the drum outer wall or collide with it, which can cause considerable wear of the drum outer wall.

In particular, erosion can lead to the formation of grooves in the outer drum shell, which become deeper and longer over time and thus limit the service life of the drum.

A similar prior art is shown in US 2,695,748. The outlet nozzles shown in this document each consist of a first sleeve with a centrally extending through the sleeve from the inside radially outward bore. The first sleeves are inserted into the holes of the drum shell. In it is screwed in each case in its end region at an angle to the radial direction of a second sleeve, which also has a central bore, so that the exiting from the centrifugal drum product phase first through the first sleeve radially outward and then through the second sleeve is guided, from which it emerges inclined to the radial direction counter to the direction of rotation of the separator.

From US 2,695,748 it is also known to also use the first sleeve at an angle to the radial direction in a bore of the drum wall. The sleeve closes at its outer end approximately flush with the outside of the centrifugal drum, which leads to the fact that meet behind the outlet of the sleeve with the nozzle of the product flow in a recess of the centrifugal drum against the drum shell and can wear it. For fixing the first sleeve on the centrifugal drum, a projection latching into a groove of the centrifugal drum is used.

A similar construction is shown in US 2,060,239.

To solve this problem, it has already been proposed in the generic DE 202 19 551 to arrange at least one wear protection element made of a hard metal on the drum shell in the region of the solid discharge nozzles and / or to form a coating of a ramp in the outer drum shell. These measures cause extra work,

From AT 9622 B a centrifuge drum is known, which is divided in the vertical direction several times by discs in individual centrifugal chambers, each with a double conical contour, at the largest inner diameter of each outlet openings are formed.

The prior art is still the FR 1,598,924 A called, showing a separator with a partially multi-walled drum.

DE 36 19 298 also shows a plate separator with a double-conical interior drum, are formed at its largest inner diameter Feststoffaustragsdüsen. About tubing, which is located at an axially offset in vertical setting "higher" and radially inward position of the drum from the drum In addition, a product phase that contains only a small amount of solids can be guided out of the drum by a further inner radius. Thus, the tube is derived from a different constitution product phase than through the solids discharge nozzles.

The invention has the object to extend the service life of the drum with simple means.

The invention solves this problem by the subject matter of claim 1.

Thereafter, the holes in the solids outlet nozzles in the region of the largest inner diameter in the inside single or double conical centrifugal drum are arranged entirely or at least partially in the axial or preferably vertical direction at different heights (Z axis).

Advantageous embodiments can be found in the dependent claims.

According to the invention, there is the advantage that the recesses or recesses in the drum shell, which lie in relation to the direction of rotation of the drum in each case behind the outlet nozzles and which are getting longer by increasing wear in use, can reach a much greater length in the circumferential direction before they reach the next outlet nozzle in the circumferential direction, as if all of the outlet openings in only one vertical height (Z-axis parallel to the axis of rotation).

By means of the invention, an effective wear protection of the separator drum is realized in a simple manner with which the service life of the drum or of the part of the drum which has the discharge openings can be increased. In most cases, this is the drum base, Another advantage is that this wear protection measure can also be combined as desired with other Verschleißschutzmaßnahmeπ such as coatings or wear protection elements in the outlet openings.

The invention is primarily suitable for separators whose centrifugal drum have a vertical axis of rotation and inside and / or outside are simply or double conical, wherein the solids outlet nozzles have nozzle body, which preferably arranged in the region of the largest diameter of the centrifugal drum, in particular of are used outside in this.

Very particularly advantageously, the invention can be used in separators whose outlet openings are offset by a distance relative to the largest outer circumference or outer diameter of the centrifugal drum inwardly and each have a groove-like recess or recess in extension of the outlet openings in the drum shell, which in the rule are designed wedge-shaped, so that the solid can escape with a flat, as far as possible a tangent angle.

In the context of the invention, further embodiments are conceivable.

Preferably, the outlet openings lie alternately in the circumferential direction in two mutually parallel planes, which are aligned perpendicular to the vertical or to the Z-axis and are arranged circumferentially alternately in the first plane and in the second plane, resulting in a particularly effective wear protection.

In a particularly simple variant, the position and orientation of the actual holes is left unchanged and only the nozzle bodies are oriented slightly differently, so that their outlet openings are each preferably perpendicular to the vertical at different levels. This has the particular advantage that neither the holes nor the nozzle body must be changed in relation to known constructions. It is only necessary to orient the nozzle body differently.

An analogous effect could be achieved by using different nozzle bodies, which are provided with differently oriented holes, but are mounted the same.

According to another - particularly preferred embodiment - on the other hand, the inlet openings and also the inner openings of the openings are still at a common vertical height. This must - and this is particularly advantageous - anyway, the contour of the drum interior still not be changed.

The holes themselves, on the other hand, are oriented differently - e.g. in the circumferential direction alternately obliquely upwards relative to the z-axis and obliquely downwards - whereby at least the outlet openings of the nozzle bodies screwed into the bores are at a different vertical height.

In this way, a greater vertical offset of the area of the outlet openings can be achieved in a simple manner than by the sole measure of the different orientation of the nozzle bodies in the openings. Of course, these two measures can also be combined so that they possibly complement each other according to the invention.

It is advantageous if the outlet openings open outward in an annular region of the drum in which the drum casing has a constant diameter

According to another variant, the bores lie completely - ie also in the region of their inner inlet opening in different vertical height, which also offers the inventive advantage, but a new contouring of the drum Inner sheath requires, so that the above-mentioned variant, which is exemplified in Fig. 2, is preferred.

It is also conceivable to arrange the openings in the circumferential direction in three or more different levels.

Below exemplary embodiments are described in more detail with reference to the drawing, wherein also further advantages of the invention will become apparent. 1 is a perspective view of a separator drum; Fig. 2 different views and areas of a drum base;

Fig. 3 conceivable wear patterns on the drum base of Fig. 2;

FIG. 4 shows an enlarged detail of a region X of FIG. 2a; FIG. and

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of action of a further variant of the invention.

1 shows a perspective view of a separator drum 1 with a vertical axis of rotation A (see also FIGS. 2 and 3). The vertical height on the drum relative to the axis of rotation A is hereinafter referred to as "Z" (see Fig. 2) .The direction of rotation is indicated by the arrow U.

The separator drum 1 has a drum base 2 and a drum top 3, which form a drum outer casing with a double conical geometry. Embodiments with simple or non-conical drums are also feasible within the scope of the invention. The drums can also be simple or double conical in terms of their interior.

In the separator drum 1 is preferably a separation plate package with separation plates used.

The separator drum 1 also has an inlet pipe (not shown here) and liquid drains (also not shown here). It is preferably at least designed as a two-phase machine (solid phase, liquid phase) or as a three-phase machine (solid, liquid, liquid). It is also preferably operated continuously and in particular further preferably also continuously diverts the solid phase.

The separator drum 1 - here the drum base 2 - is provided with a plurality of outlet nozzles. For this purpose, it is at least two, preferably a plurality of openings, in particular holes 4, interspersed. These holes 4 are in turn preferably in the region of the largest diameter (see FIG. 2) of the drum formed and enforce the drum shell from the drum interior to the outside. In this case, a sleeve-like nozzle body 5 is preferably inserted into each of the bores 4 (see, for example, Figures 2 and 4), e.g. screwed. As a result, the solids discharge is made possible from the inside of the drum,

The drum base 2, according to FIG. 2, for example in the area in which it is penetrated by the openings 4, radially in front of each opening 4 to a outwardly to the openings 4 tapering recess 6, In this way, the solid segment structure between the Nozzle body 5 minimized.

The nozzle bodies 5 are each provided with a hole 7 extending from the interior of the drum in the direction of the drum outer space, which preferably extends in a first bore section 8 substantially radially from inside to outside and then into a bore section 9 angularly aligned with the first bore section 8 passes over (Fig. 2, 4).

The outlet opening 10 of the bore portion 9 is preferably aligned at an angle to the radial direction R, wherein the angle α between the radial direction and the outlet opening 10 and the second bore portion 9 is preferably equal to or less than 90 °. In particular, it is between 45 ° and 90 °. Since the nozzle body 5 terminate substantially flush with the outer edge of the drum shell 1 on the outside, the outlet opening 10 is in each case offset inwards relative to the largest outer circumference or diameter of the centrifugal drum or drum shell.

Correspondingly, groove-like depressions or recesses 11 are formed in the drum shell at an angle to the radial direction on the production side in the extension of the second bore section 9, so that the product phase emerging from the outlet nozzles is injected as far as possible past the drum shell.

In this construction, however, a part of the emerging from the outlet nozzle 2 solid (see the solid s in Fig. 4) again on the drum shell and could - depending on the product to be processed - a removal of the drum shell, in particular in the outer region of the recess 11th as well as continue to effect in the circumferential direction. As a result of this erosion, the groove-like depression 11 may become longer with time (compare FIGS. 2 and 3).

Therefore, it is provided that the holes 7 of the sleeve body 5 (and possibly also the holes 4 in the drum shell, which receive the nozzle body 5) completely or at least in the region of their outlet openings 10 in the vertical direction not in a plane but in at least two or more different levels El, E2.

In any case, the outlet openings 10 lie in two mutually parallel planes, which are aligned perpendicular to the vertical or to the Z axis. Thus, they are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction in the first plane and in the second plane. This can be seen especially in Fig. 2d.

Fig. 5 indicates that in another variant, although the outlet openings 10 in a plane Hegen, but the holes or areas before the Austrittsöffhungen 10th are aligned so that the solid is radiated obliquely upwards and downwards in different directions, so that the service life is also extended.

More preferably, however, are inlet openings 12 of the holes 7 in a common plane to the drum axis, so that the contour of the inner shell of the separator drum by the measure, the outlet openings 10 to be arranged in at least two or more different levels, must not be changed.

This results in the advantage that the recesses 11 behind an outlet nozzle 10a, which are getting longer by wear in use, can reach a much greater length in the circumferential direction before they reach against the direction of rotation in the circumferential direction next outlet nozzle 10b, as if all of the outlet openings 10 lie in only one plane (FIG. 3).

In the context of the invention a variety of configurations are conceivable.

In one variant, the position and orientation of the actual holes 4 is left unchanged and only the nozzle body are oriented slightly differently, so that their outlet openings 10 are perpendicular to the vertical Z at different levels.

According to the embodiment of Figures 1 to 3, the Eintrittsöffhungen 12 and also the inner mouths of the openings 4 can still be at a vertical height. Then - and this is particularly advantageous - at least the contour of the interior of the drum is still not changed.

The holes 4 themselves are, however, differently oriented - eg in the circumferential direction alternately relative to the inner mouth obliquely upwards and obliquely downwards, which in any case the outlet openings 10 of the screwed into the holes 4 nozzle body in a different vertical height (planes El, E2, see Fig. 2) are located. This variant is shown inter alia in the attached Figures 2 and 3. In this way, a greater vertical offset of the area of the outlet openings 10 can be achieved in a simple manner than by the sole measure of the different orientation of the nozzle body 5 in the openings 4. Of course, these two measures can also be combined, so that they may fiction supplement according to.

It is also advantageous if the outlet openings 10 open outward in an annular region 13 of the drum, in which the drum shell has a completely or essentially constant diameter

reference numeral

Separator drum 1

Drum base 2

Drum shell 3

Holes 4

Nozzle body 5

Recess 6

Hole 7

B ohrungsabschnitte 8, 9

Outlet opening 10 groove-like depression 11th

Inlets 12

Ring area 13

Layers E1, E2

Angle α

Rotation axis A

Vertical height Z

Solid S

Claims

claims 1. Centrifuge with a about an axis of rotation (D) rotatable centrifugal drum (2), in particular a continuously operating separator having a centrifugal drum (2) which is rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation (D) and which is simply internally or doubly conical inside and which in the region of its largest inside diameter has at least one or more solids outlet nozzles is provided, the bores (7) with outlet openings (10), characterized in that the bores (7) in the solids outlet nozzles in the region of the largest inner diameter in the inside single or double conical centrifugal drum (2) wholly or at least partially in axial or preferably vertical direction at different heights (Z-axis) are arranged. 2. Centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that the bores (7) at least in the region of their outlet openings (10) in the vertical direction at different heights (Z-axis) are arranged. 3. Centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that the bores (7) are oriented and aligned such that the solid phase of the Outlet openings (10) emerges in at least two different directions. 4. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized marked, that the outlet openings (10) lie in at least two or more mutually different planes, which are aligned perpendicular to the axis of rotation (A) of the drum. 5. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet openings (10) alternately in the circumferential direction lie in two mutually different planes (El ₅ E2), which are aligned perpendicular to the axis of rotation (A) of the drum. 6. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solid-discharge nozzles have nozzle bodies, which are preferably arranged in the region of the largest diameter of the centrifugal drum. 7. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized marked, that the solids outlet nozzles are formed by nozzle body (5) which are inserted into openings (4) in the drum shell, which enforce the drum shell from the inside out and that the nozzle body (5) are each provided with extending from the drum interior in the direction of the drum outer space bore (7). 8. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nozzle body (5) are each inserted so differently in the holes (4) that their outlet openings (10) each open in different vertical planes. 9. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bores (7) extend in a first bore portion (8) initially substantially in the radial direction from the inside to the outside and then in a direction to the first bore portion (8) - Continued bore section (9) and that the outlet openings (10) of the bore portion (9) are preferably aligned at an angle to the radial direction. 10. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized marked, that the outlet openings (10) respectively relative to the largest outer circumference or diameter of the centrifugal drum or the drum shell are offset inwardly, wherein in extension of the second bore portion (9) formed at an angle to the radial direction groove-like recess or recess (11) in the drum shell (1) is formed. 11. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inlet openings (12) of the bores (7) and / or the bores (4) lie relative to the drum axis in a common plane or at a vertical height, 12. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bores (4) in Umfangsrϊchtung alternately aligned relative to the inner mouth obliquely upwards and obliquely downward. 13. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bores (4) and the bores (7) of the nozzle body (5) are formed completely on a different vertical height (z). 14. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized marked, that the outlet openings (10) in an annular region of the drum base (3) are formed, which has a constant diameter.