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WO2007132031A1 - Explosion extinguisher - Google Patents

Explosion extinguisher Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007132031A1
WO2007132031A1 PCT/ES2006/000272 ES2006000272W WO2007132031A1 WO 2007132031 A1 WO2007132031 A1 WO 2007132031A1 ES 2006000272 W ES2006000272 W ES 2006000272W WO 2007132031 A1 WO2007132031 A1 WO 2007132031A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
explosion
product
extinguisher
liquid
areas
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/ES2006/000272
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Benigno Garcia Calvo
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
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Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2007132031A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007132031A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/06Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places of highly inflammable material, e.g. light metals, petroleum products
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/06Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places of highly inflammable material, e.g. light metals, petroleum products
    • A62C3/065Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places of highly inflammable material, e.g. light metals, petroleum products for containers filled with inflammable liquids
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C19/00Hand fire-extinguishers in which the extinguishing substance is expelled by an explosion; Exploding containers thrown into the fire
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/02Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
    • A62C35/08Containers destroyed or opened by bursting charge

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to an explosion extinguisher and presents notable characteristics relevant to this sector of the technique, being of special application in the extinction of hydrocarbon fires in a liquid state where it is necessary lower the temperature below the limits of self-combustion, pouring the extinguishing product on the surface of the burning liquid product.
  • the explosion extinguisher that constitutes the object of the invention preferably incorporates a liquid as an extinguishing agent, without ruling out the possibility of using other products such as dust, so that the extinguishing agent is in a liquid and base state to the design and the characteristics of general character of the own geometry of the extinguisher, it is possible that the extinction is complemented and at the same time to avoid that the fire is restarted.
  • a liquid as an extinguishing agent
  • An extinguishing vessel of adequate dimensions, volume and shape must disperse the product according to the requirements required for each extinction or each type of fire. For this, it is necessary to manage the product or conceive the extinguisher in such a way that the projection of the extinguishing agent can be adapted to the needs that each type of fire requires, starting from an extinguisher that can be complemented with caps that reinforce the areas where you want to limit the dispersion of the product so that they are not very affected or deformed with the explosion, or according to design for each need to provide the container in certain ways so that the product has an easier exit through the areas that interest in base to preconceived design. This is achieved with the design of the containers but at the same time helped by the design of the pyrotechnic device.
  • the effects of the explosion somehow behave based on the shape of the explosive device. Dispersing the product by the explosion according to the design of the container used for each type of fire, it is achieved with the same volume of the extinguishing agent, cover much more surface or direct the product to the determined areas where it is advised to apply more extinguishing agent.
  • the container at the same time is designed to reinforce, either with supplements the upper or lower wall, or in the perimeters, to achieve the aforementioned effect, or weakening where it is considered appropriate, according to design, to facilitate the exit of the product through the areas that are considered more convenient, also depending on the mixture considered appropriate in the pyrotechnic device. That is, it can be achieved when the needs require it, a greater or lesser formation of gases to facilitate and optimize the creation or formation of foam or the greater or lesser degree of spraying of liquid or extinguishing agent.
  • the pyrotechnic explosive device that will cause the dispersion of the extinguishing agent be susceptible according to the type of explosive or component of the pyrotechnic mixture, to generate in a greater or lesser extent the creation of gases that at the same moment of the explosion generate said products and, at the same time as it disperses them, the liquid in this case is turning into foam, whose foam and based on these effects, the characteristics can be achieved with a greater or lesser volume of bubble, or greater or lesser volatilization of the product , a very important factor to optimize the effectiveness of the extinguishing products used.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention applies especially to the extinguishing of liquid-state hydrocarbon fires in which the substance that is burning is the gases emanating from the surface. The temperature has to be reduced to a point below the autocombustion thresholds and the extinguishing product has to be poured over the surface of the burning product. The overpressure generated by the explosion gives rise to a sweep of the flames on the surface affected by said overpressure. This also prevents the fire reigniting as this extinguishing liquid is converted into a foam that covers the required surface. The extinguisher casing includes means for the selective mounting of reinforcement pieces for areas where product dispersion is not required or for directing product to the most appropriate areas, such as lids arranged in the required areas.

Description

EXTINTOR DE EXPLOSIÓN OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN EXPLOSION EXTINGUISHER OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

La presente invención, según lo expresa el enunciado de esta memoria descriptiva, se refiere a un extintor de explosión y presenta notables características relevantes para este sector de la técnica, siendo de especial aplicación en la extinción de fuegos de hidrocarburos en estado líquido donde es necesario disminuir la temperatura por debajo de los limites de autocombustión, vertiendo el producto de extinción por la superficie del producto líquido que arde.The present invention, as expressed in the description of this specification, refers to an explosion extinguisher and presents notable characteristics relevant to this sector of the technique, being of special application in the extinction of hydrocarbon fires in a liquid state where it is necessary lower the temperature below the limits of self-combustion, pouring the extinguishing product on the surface of the burning liquid product.

La extinción de cierto tipo de fuegos, especialmente los de hidrocarburos, tienen un índice de dificultad muy elevado, tal es el caso de los hidrocarburos en estado líquido que cuando arden, de todos es sabido que son los gases que emanan de la superficie y generalmente están en horizontal. La dificultad más importante estriba en hacer disminuir la temperatura en primer lugar, por debajo de los límites de autocombustión, lógicamente por encima del nivel de la superficie de dichos productos y por lo tanto el extintor de explosión que nos ocupa debe cumplir entre otros efectos el de disminuir esa temperatura en primera instancia. Esto se logra cuando la sobrepresión provocada por la explosión del dispositivo pirotécnico produce un barrido de las llamas en la superficie afectada por dicha sobrepresión, siendo por lo tanto muy destacada esta importante característica del extintor.The extinction of certain types of fires, especially those of hydrocarbons, have a very high level of difficulty, such is the case of hydrocarbons in a liquid state that when they burn, everyone knows that they are the gases that emanate from the surface and generally They are horizontal. The most important difficulty lies in lowering the temperature in the first place, below the limits of self-combustion, logically above the level of the surface of these products and therefore the explosion extinguisher that occupies us must fulfill among other effects the of lowering that temperature in the first instance. This is achieved when the overpressure caused by the explosion of the pyrotechnic device causes a sweep of the flames on the surface affected by said overpressure, therefore this important feature of the extinguisher is very prominent.

ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN En cualquier extinción convencional con los métodos que actualmente se emplean para la extinción de los fuegos, se pretende disminuir o hacer desaparecer la temperatura. Actualmente en la mayoría de los casos en que se ataca al fuego en superficie, se desperdicia una parte muy importante del producto líquido-extintor que irá a la atmósfera sin cumplir ninguno de los efectos pretendidos. Cuando se aplica un extintor en superficie el efecto de la dispersión del producto químico del extintor adquiere forma semiesférica desperdiciándose mucho producto del agente extintor que donde mayor eficacia adquiere es quedando sofocando en superficie.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In any conventional extinction with the methods currently used for the extinction of fires, it is intended to decrease or make the temperature disappear. Currently, in the majority of cases where surface fire is attacked, a very important part of the liquid-extinguishing product is wasted that will go into the atmosphere without fulfilling any of the intended effects. When a surface extinguisher is applied, the effect of the dispersion of the chemical of the extinguisher acquires a hemispherical shape, wasting a lot of product of the extinguishing agent that where it is most effective is being suffocated on the surface.

DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

En líneas generales, el extintor de explosión que constituye el objeto de la invención incorpora preferentemente como agente extintor un líquido, sin descartar la posibilidad de utilizar otros productos tal como el polvo, de forma que al estar el agente extintor en estado líquido y en base al diseño y las características de carácter general de la propia geometría del extintor, se logra que se complemente la extinción y a la vez evitar que se reinicie el fuego. Esto último se logra haciendo que este líquido adquiera la característica de espuma que cumplirá los siguientes objetivos:In general, the explosion extinguisher that constitutes the object of the invention preferably incorporates a liquid as an extinguishing agent, without ruling out the possibility of using other products such as dust, so that the extinguishing agent is in a liquid and base state to the design and the characteristics of general character of the own geometry of the extinguisher, it is possible that the extinction is complemented and at the same time to avoid that the fire is restarted. The latter is achieved by making this liquid acquire the characteristic of foam that will meet the following objectives:

Una vez desplazadas las llamas de la superficie afectada por la sobrepresión de la explosión del extintor, la dispersión de este líquido ya transformado en espuma, cubrirá la superficie que dependiendo de la cantidad de líquido de cada modelo de extintor que puede ser de todas las formas y volúmenes que requiera cada caso, queda por efecto de la espuma y de los componentes químicos de este producto, sofocado el fuego.Once the flames have been displaced from the surface affected by the overpressure of the explosion of the extinguisher, the dispersion of this liquid already transformed into foam will cover the surface that depending on the amount of liquid of each model of extinguisher that can be of all forms and volumes that each case requires, it is due to the effect of the foam and the chemical components of this product, suffocated the fire.

Se logra en primera instancia desplazando y haciendo desaparecer las llamas por el efecto de la explosión y a la vez este efecto se ve ayudado por el líquido que en su desplazamiento hacia fuera del extintor, proyectado por la explosión, se volatiliza o microniza parte del agente extintor líquido que en contacto con el fuego y por las temperaturas provocadas por éste, se convierte en vapor aprovechando con esto optimizar el poder de enfriamiento que tiene como característica este tipo de líquidos aplicados de esta forma. Por lo tanto, aplicando un razonamiento muy elemental de porqué se extingue un fuego y tomando como base para su comprensión el triángulo del fuego, acorde con la invención se destruyen dos lados del triángulo del fuego: uno al hacer desaparecer las llamas por el barrido que ocasiona la explosión del extintor, y otro al crear también por el efecto de la explosión que hace desaparecer de una forma también simultánea el oxígeno en la zona de influencia de la explosión. - Si una vez logrados estos resultados se cubren estas superficies con espuma, se consigue que una vez extinguido el fuego no se reinicie la combustión porque la propia espuma impide la emanación de los gases en este tipo de fuegos. En términos generales esta filosofía de extinción puede ser extensiva para todo tipo de fuegos, entre ellos los forestales .It is achieved in the first instance by displacing and eliminating the flames due to the effect of the explosion and at the same time this effect is aided by the liquid that, in its displacement out of the extinguisher, projected by the explosion, volatilizes or micronizes part of the extinguishing agent A liquid that, in contact with fire and due to the temperatures caused by it, is converted into steam, thereby optimizing the cooling power that this type of liquids applied in this way has as a characteristic. Thus, applying a very elementary reasoning of why a fire is extinguished and based on its understanding the triangle of fire, according to the invention, two sides of the triangle of fire are destroyed: one when the flames disappear due to the sweep caused by the explosion of the fire extinguisher, and another to create also by the effect of the explosion that makes the oxygen disappear simultaneously in the area of influence of the explosion. - If once these results are achieved, these surfaces are covered with foam, once the fire is extinguished, combustion is not restarted because the foam itself prevents the emanation of gases in this type of fires. In general terms, this extinction philosophy can be extensive for all types of fires, including forestry.

Un recipiente extintor de dimensiones, volumen y forma adecuados, ha de dispersar el producto de acuerdo con las necesidades requeridas para cada extinción o cada tipo de fuego. Para esto hay que lograr dirigir el producto o concebir el extintor de forma tal que la proyección del agente extintor pueda ser adaptada a las necesidades que cada tipo de fuego requiera, partiendo de un extintor al que se le pueda complementar con unas tapas que refuercen las zonas donde se quiere limitar la dispersión del producto para que no se vean muy afectadas o se deformen con la explosión, o según diseño para cada necesidad dotarle de ciertas formas al recipiente para que tenga una salida más fácil el producto por las zonas que interese en base al diseño preconcebido. Esto se logra con el diseño de los recipientes pero ayudado a la vez por el diseño del dispositivo pirotécnico. Un ejemplo sería que adopte forma de "pastilla" que cambiará totalmente el comportamiento y los efectos de la explosión comparados por ejemplo con un dispositivo pirotécnico que sea cilindrico o esférico. Los efectos de la explosión de alguna manera se comportan en base a la forma del artefacto explosivo. Dispersando el producto por la explosión según el diseño del recipiente utilizado para cada tipo de fuego, se logra con el mismo volumen del agente extintor, cubrir mucha más superficie o dirigir el producto a las zonas determinadas donde se aconseje aplicar más agente extintor.An extinguishing vessel of adequate dimensions, volume and shape must disperse the product according to the requirements required for each extinction or each type of fire. For this, it is necessary to manage the product or conceive the extinguisher in such a way that the projection of the extinguishing agent can be adapted to the needs that each type of fire requires, starting from an extinguisher that can be complemented with caps that reinforce the areas where you want to limit the dispersion of the product so that they are not very affected or deformed with the explosion, or according to design for each need to provide the container in certain ways so that the product has an easier exit through the areas that interest in base to preconceived design. This is achieved with the design of the containers but at the same time helped by the design of the pyrotechnic device. An example would be to take the form of a "pill" that will totally change the behavior and effects of the explosion compared for example with a pyrotechnic device that is cylindrical or spherical. The effects of the explosion somehow behave based on the shape of the explosive device. Dispersing the product by the explosion according to the design of the container used for each type of fire, it is achieved with the same volume of the extinguishing agent, cover much more surface or direct the product to the determined areas where it is advised to apply more extinguishing agent.

El recipiente a la vez está diseñado para reforzar, bien con suplementos la pared superior o inferior, o bien en los perímetros, para lograr el efecto antes mencionado, o debilitando donde se considere oportuno, según diseño, para facilitar la salida del producto por las zonas que se consideren más convenientes, dependiendo también de la mezcla que se considere oportuna en el dispositivo pirotécnico. Es decir, se puede lograr cuando las necesidades lo requieran, una mayor o menor formación de gases para facilitar y optimizar la creación o formación de espuma o el mayor o menor grado de pulverización de líquido o agente extintor.The container at the same time is designed to reinforce, either with supplements the upper or lower wall, or in the perimeters, to achieve the aforementioned effect, or weakening where it is considered appropriate, according to design, to facilitate the exit of the product through the areas that are considered more convenient, also depending on the mixture considered appropriate in the pyrotechnic device. That is, it can be achieved when the needs require it, a greater or lesser formation of gases to facilitate and optimize the creation or formation of foam or the greater or lesser degree of spraying of liquid or extinguishing agent.

Es por tanto fundamental que el dispositivo explosivo pirotécnico que provocará la dispersión del agente extintor sea susceptible según el tipo de explosivo o componente de la mezcla pirotécnica, de generar en mayor o menor medida la creación de gases que en el mismo instante de la explosión generan dichos productos y a la vez que dispersa a estos, está convirtiendo el líquido en este caso en espuma, cuya espuma y en base a estos efectos se puede lograr que las características sean de mayor o menor volumen de burbuja, o mayor o menor volatilización del producto, factor muy importante para optimizar la eficacia de los productos de extinción utilizados. It is therefore essential that the pyrotechnic explosive device that will cause the dispersion of the extinguishing agent be susceptible according to the type of explosive or component of the pyrotechnic mixture, to generate in a greater or lesser extent the creation of gases that at the same moment of the explosion generate said products and, at the same time as it disperses them, the liquid in this case is turning into foam, whose foam and based on these effects, the characteristics can be achieved with a greater or lesser volume of bubble, or greater or lesser volatilization of the product , a very important factor to optimize the effectiveness of the extinguishing products used.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES 1.- EXTINTOR DE EXPLOSIÓN, en especial para extinción de fuegos de hidrocarburos en estado líquido, donde lo que arde son los gases que emanan de la superficie, siendo necesario disminuir la temperatura por debajo de los límites de autocombustión y por encima del nivel de la superficie de dichos productos, caracterizado porque la sobrepresión originada por la explosión del dispositivo pirotécnico contenido en el interior del extintor, o carcasa del mismo, provoca un barrido de las llamas en la superficie afectada por dicha sobrepresión, complementándose la extinción al evitar que se reinicie el fuego al hacer que este líquido adquiera la característica de espuma cubriendo la superficie deseada. 1.- EXPLOSION EXTINGUISHER, especially for extinguishing hydrocarbon fires in a liquid state, where what burns are the gases that emanate from the surface, being necessary to lower the temperature below the limits of self-combustion and above the level of the surface of said products, characterized in that the overpressure caused by the explosion of the pyrotechnic device contained inside the extinguisher, or its casing, causes a sweep of the flames on the surface affected by said overpressure, complementing the extinction by preventing Restart the fire by causing this liquid to acquire the foam characteristic covering the desired surface. 2.- EXTINTOR DE EXPLOSIÓN, según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque el agente extintor es un líquido y su proyección es adaptada a las necesidades que cada tipo de fuego requiere, al prever que la carcasa incluya medios de refuerzo en las zonas donde se quiera limitar la dispersión del producto, o bien, dotar al recipiente de ciertas formas para que tenga una salida más fácil del producto por las zonas que interese.2. EXPLOSION EXTINGUISHER, according to claim 1, characterized in that the extinguishing agent is a liquid and its projection is adapted to the needs that each type of fire requires, by providing that the housing includes reinforcement means in the areas where it is desired to limit the dispersion of the product, or, provide the container in certain ways so that it has an easier exit of the product through the areas of interest. 3.- EXTINTOR DE EXPLOSIÓN, según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque el dispositivo explosivo o pirotécnico que provocará la dispersión del agente extintor, es susceptible de general en mayor o menor medida la creación de gases en el mismo instante de la explosión, convirtiéndose el líquido en espuma de unas características determinadas de mayor o menor volumen de burbuja, o mayor o menor volatilización del producto.3. EXPLOSION EXTINGUISHER, according to claim 1, characterized in that the explosive or pyrotechnic device that will cause the dispersion of the extinguishing agent, is generally susceptible to a greater or lesser extent the creation of gases at the same moment of the explosion, the liquid becoming in foam of certain characteristics of greater or lesser volume of bubble, or greater or lesser volatilization of the product. 4.- EXTINTOR DE EXPLOSIÓN, según reivindicación 2, caracterizado porque dichos medios de refuerzo están definidos por unas tapas que se encajen cubriendo las zonas deseadas: base o bases, cara o caras laterales, o una combinación de ellas. 4. EXPLOSION EXTINGUISHER, according to claim 2, characterized in that said reinforcement means are defined by covers that fit covering the desired areas: base or bases, side or side faces, or a combination thereof.
PCT/ES2006/000272 2006-05-11 2006-05-23 Explosion extinguisher Ceased WO2007132031A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP200601207 2006-05-11
ES200601207A ES2285937B1 (en) 2006-05-11 2006-05-11 EXPLOSION EXTINGUISHER.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007132031A1 true WO2007132031A1 (en) 2007-11-22

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WO (1) WO2007132031A1 (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5050683A (en) * 1990-05-14 1991-09-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Extinguishing rocket/missile solid propellants
WO2000029068A1 (en) * 1998-11-12 2000-05-25 Benigno Garcia Calvo Device for extinguishing fires in hydrocarbon plants
WO2000029069A1 (en) * 1998-11-12 2000-05-25 Benigno Garcia Calvo Extinguisher for containers of inflammable products or hydrocarbon plants with floating roof
ES2237344A1 (en) * 2005-02-15 2005-07-16 Juan Jose Iglesias Quesada Extinguisher, has two symmetrical halves connected with each other, and extinguisher body provided with filling nozzle that is arranged with closing valve, where side wall of extinguisher body is provided with two handles
WO2006045167A1 (en) * 2004-10-25 2006-05-04 Ramos Ramatis Piscirilli Processes to fight foci of heat and/or fires of any magnitude, and pieces of equipment for running the operations, pieces of equipment for fire extinction, and compounds that promote fire extinction - project salamandras
ES2264632A1 (en) * 2005-02-23 2007-01-01 Benigno Garcia Calvo Fire extinguisher has explosive charge that is linked to exterior and wick, and that explodes to produce water hammering effect against liquid product and walls of container

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5050683A (en) * 1990-05-14 1991-09-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Extinguishing rocket/missile solid propellants
WO2000029068A1 (en) * 1998-11-12 2000-05-25 Benigno Garcia Calvo Device for extinguishing fires in hydrocarbon plants
WO2000029069A1 (en) * 1998-11-12 2000-05-25 Benigno Garcia Calvo Extinguisher for containers of inflammable products or hydrocarbon plants with floating roof
WO2006045167A1 (en) * 2004-10-25 2006-05-04 Ramos Ramatis Piscirilli Processes to fight foci of heat and/or fires of any magnitude, and pieces of equipment for running the operations, pieces of equipment for fire extinction, and compounds that promote fire extinction - project salamandras
ES2237344A1 (en) * 2005-02-15 2005-07-16 Juan Jose Iglesias Quesada Extinguisher, has two symmetrical halves connected with each other, and extinguisher body provided with filling nozzle that is arranged with closing valve, where side wall of extinguisher body is provided with two handles
ES2264632A1 (en) * 2005-02-23 2007-01-01 Benigno Garcia Calvo Fire extinguisher has explosive charge that is linked to exterior and wick, and that explodes to produce water hammering effect against liquid product and walls of container

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2285937B1 (en) 2008-10-16
ES2285937A1 (en) 2007-11-16

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