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WO2007036566A1 - Capteur pour la detection de grandeurs mecaniques - Google Patents

Capteur pour la detection de grandeurs mecaniques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007036566A1
WO2007036566A1 PCT/EP2006/066891 EP2006066891W WO2007036566A1 WO 2007036566 A1 WO2007036566 A1 WO 2007036566A1 EP 2006066891 W EP2006066891 W EP 2006066891W WO 2007036566 A1 WO2007036566 A1 WO 2007036566A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensor
contour
optical fiber
elasticity
vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2006/066891
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Tudor-Ion Gamulescu
Herbert Schober
Thomas Fischer
Markus Gottler
Bernd SCHÖRWERTH
Martin Franke
Tobias Happel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of WO2007036566A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007036566A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
    • G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
    • G01L1/243—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre using means for applying force perpendicular to the fibre axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/013—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over
    • B60R21/0136—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over responsive to actual contact with an obstacle, e.g. to vehicle deformation, bumper displacement or bumper velocity relative to the vehicle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
    • G01D5/3537—Optical fibre sensor using a particular arrangement of the optical fibre itself
    • G01D5/35377—Means for amplifying or modifying the measured quantity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
    • G01M11/08—Testing mechanical properties
    • G01M11/083—Testing mechanical properties by using an optical fiber in contact with the device under test [DUT]
    • G01M11/086—Details about the embedment of the optical fiber within the DUT
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R2021/0104—Communication circuits for data transmission
    • B60R2021/01081—Transmission medium
    • B60R2021/01095—Transmission medium optical

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sensor for detecting mechanical quantities, and a bumper for a vehicle with a sensor for detecting mechanical quantities.
  • sensors are used to detect mechanical variables to detect accidents with pedestrians or cyclists and thus to reduce the particularly high risk of injury to a pedestrian in the event of a collision with a vehicle.
  • CA 2 424 708 A1 discloses a method and apparatus for detecting a collision between a vehicle and an object.
  • optical fibers are arranged.
  • the optical fibers comprise light exit regions which are arranged along the optical fibers.
  • a collision leads to a bending of the optical fibers.
  • the attenuation of the light transmitted in the optical fibers changes when the optical fiber is bent in the respective light emission areas.
  • a signal is obtained, which is processed in a signal processor.
  • a security device such as e.g. an airbag on a hood can be activated.
  • acceleration sensors in the front region of a vehicle are usually used for detecting such a frontal collision.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a sensor for detecting mechanical magnitudes with an optical fiber, with which uniformly distributed forces can be detected well.
  • the invention is characterized by a sensor for detecting mechanical magnitudes, with a central region in which an optical fiber extending in an extension direction is arranged and which consists of a first material with a first modulus of elasticity. Furthermore, the sensor has at least two outer regions extending in the direction of extension of the optical fiber, which are arranged opposite each other in relation to the central region and which consist of second materials having second elastic moduli, the second elastic moduli being greater than the first elastic modulus.
  • At least one of the outer regions has a contour which is designed in such a way that a force acting flat on at least one of the outer regions, which has a component perpendicular to the extension direction, can be transmitted to the optical fiber via the contour, that a bending of the optical fiber changes.
  • the term "contour” is understood to mean a flat, three-dimensional structure, wherein the structure has elements which are substantially more or less evenly spaced from one another in a plane.
  • Shallow acting force is understood here to mean, in particular, a force which acts on a surface area whose long expansions are larger, in particular much larger, than an average distance between the structural elements of the contour.
  • the outer regions of such a sensor essentially execute a translational movement perpendicular to the direction of extent in the case of shallower force action.
  • the contour can act so safely on the optical fiber, whereby the optical fiber undergoes a bend and thus can detect a large-scale force on one of the outer areas.
  • loads acting over a large area include those in which the sensor is uniformly displaced or compressed over its entire length, for example. Examples are the frontal impact of the vehicle against a rigid wall or the frontal impact on another vehicle with 100% coverage.
  • the contour is wave-shaped. This ensures on the one hand ensures that the contour in a translational movement of at least one of the outer areas in many places act on the optical waveguide and thus the sensitivity of the sensor can be easily adjusted. on the other hand is achieved by the resulting from the waveform rounding of the contour a mechanical protection of the optical waveguide.
  • the contour is tooth-shaped.
  • the contour is tooth-shaped.
  • the first material is a solid or a liquid. So the optical fiber can be protected very well.
  • the first material is a plastic foam selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, expanded polypropylene (EPP) and ethylene-propylene-diene elastomer (EPDM).
  • EPP expanded polypropylene
  • EPDM ethylene-propylene-diene elastomer
  • the second materials are selected from the group of polyurethane, expanded polypropylene and ethylene-propylene-diene elastomer, wherein the density of the second materials is higher than the density of the first material. If such materials are used, then the outer areas are particularly simple and inexpensive to produce. By the Use of these materials minimizes the risk of injury to pedestrians and cyclists in the event of a collision.
  • the invention is characterized by a bumper for a vehicle with a sensor.
  • a bumper for a vehicle with a sensor is characterized by a frontal impact on other vehicles, on solid obstacles or pedestrians. This makes it possible to initiate measures to protect the vehicle occupants and the vehicle promptly to a collision.
  • FIG. 1 shows a vehicle and an impact object
  • Figure 2 shows a detail of an impact sensor in a
  • Figure 3 shows a detail of the impact sensor in the bumper in the event of a force on the bumper
  • Figure 4 shows a detail of an impact sensor in one
  • a vehicle 10 moving in a vehicle movement direction V has an impact sensor 12 disposed in a bumper 14 ( Figure 1).
  • the impact sensor 12 has a sensing region 16. By means of the sensing region 16, the impact sensor 12 can detect an impact of an impact object 18.
  • the impact object 18 may be, for example, a pedestrian. Further, the impact object 18 may be another vehicle or a fixed obstacle.
  • the vehicle 10 further has an evaluation unit 20 in which measurement signals supplied by the impact sensor 12 are evaluated and, depending on the course of the respective measurement signal, an impact of the impact object 18 is detected and, if appropriate, measures for protecting the impact object 18 or the vehicle occupants are initiated. These measures may be, for example, a slight lifting of a hood of the vehicle 10 or an ignition of one or more airbags.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show a section of the sensor designed as an impact sensor 12 for detecting mechanical variables.
  • an optical fiber 26 is embedded in a central region 24 in a central region 24, an optical fiber 26 is embedded.
  • the optical fiber 26 extends in an extension direction A, which substantially coincides with the extension direction of the bumper 14 and thus substantially perpendicular to the vehicle movement direction
  • V of the vehicle is.
  • the central area 24 is adjoined by an outer area 28 facing away from the vehicle and an outer area 30 facing the vehicle.
  • the interfaces between the central region 24 and the outer regions 28, 30 are formed as contours 32, 33.
  • the contours 32, 33 are wave-shaped in the embodiment shown here, the wavy contours 32, 33 in the initial state (FIG. 2).
  • a distance d F between the outer regions 28, 30 is produced.
  • the contours 32, 33 may in particular also be tooth-shaped (FIG. 4).
  • a comb-shaped formation of the contours 32, 33 is advantageous.
  • a high sensitivity of the impact sensor 12 can be achieved, since even small deviations from the distance do between the outer regions 28, 30 lead to a significant bending of the optical fiber 26.
  • contours 32, 33 have a mixed shape of wave-shaped embodiment and tooth-shaped embodiment. In this case, both the desired sensitivity and the required protection of the optical fiber 26 can be achieved in a particularly simple manner.
  • the entire impact sensor 12 also has a sensor shell 22, which may also be the bumper shell of the entire bumper 14.
  • a sensor By incorporating the crash sensor 12 into the bumper 14, a sensor can be provided which can be both cost effective and failsafe.
  • the central region 24 consists of a first material with a first modulus of elasticity.
  • the first material may be a solid or a liquid. It is particularly advantageous if the first material of the central region 24 is a plastic foam. Plastic foams are particularly easy and inexpensive to manufacture. However, the first material of the central region 24 may also be a gel.
  • the outer regions 28, 30 are made of second materials, wherein these materials have a second modulus of elasticity that is greater than the first modulus of elasticity of the central region 24.
  • the second materials of the outer regions 28, 30 can be, for example, polyurethane, expanded polypropylene (EPP) or ethylene-propylene Diene elastomer (EPDM), wherein the density of the second materials is higher than the density of the first material.
  • the second material of the outer region 28 may be identical to the second material of the outer region 30 or else deviate therefrom. In particular, the second material of the outer region 28 facing away from the vehicle may have a smaller modulus of elasticity than the second material of the outer region 30 facing the vehicle.
  • the enclosure 34 is made of a third material, which preferably comprises a compliant material, such as e.g. a plastic foam made of polyurethane, expanded polypropylene (EPP) or ethylene-propylene-diene elastomer (EPDM) is.
  • a compliant material such as e.g. a plastic foam made of polyurethane, expanded polypropylene (EPP) or ethylene-propylene-diene elastomer (EPDM) is.
  • the material of the sensor cover 22 is preferably a material as used for wrapping bumpers.
  • the moduli of elasticity of the different materials can be adapted to the application and the corresponding technical requirements. By adapting the material For the corresponding areas, an adaptation to virtually any application is possible.
  • FIG. 2 shows the initial state of the crash sensor 12 of a vehicle moving in the vehicle movement direction V before impact.
  • a force F having a component perpendicular to the direction of extension A acts on the collision sensor 12 (FIG. 3).
  • the second materials of the outer regions 28, 30 have a higher modulus of elasticity than the first material of the central region 24, a movement of the outer region 28 perpendicular to the extension direction A to the outer region 30 to.
  • the central area 24 is printed therewith.
  • the two outer regions 28, 30 now have only a distance d F to each other.
  • a force is transmitted to the optical fiber 26 via the wavy contours 32, 33, so that the optical fiber 26 receives a plurality of bends, each of which lies in the region of a wave crest of the wavy contours 32, 33. Since the attenuation of the light in the optical fiber 26 is changed by the bending of the optical fiber 26, a signal can be obtained from the thus modulated light, which can be processed in the evaluation unit 20. This enables the activation of a safety device, eg an airbag or the lifting of a bonnet.
  • a safety device eg an airbag or the lifting of a bonnet.
  • the impact sensor 12 By using the impact sensor 12, valuable time can be gained for the draw of a safety device in the event of a frontal impact. Because the impact sensor 12 is naturally placed at the very front of the vehicle 10, a significant advantage in time is achieved over sensors that measure only the acceleration, even if they are mounted far in front of the vehicle 10.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

Capteur pour la détection de grandeurs mécaniques, comportant une zone centrale (24) dans laquelle est située une fibre optique (26) s'étendant dans un sens d'extension (A) et qui est constituée d'une première matière possédant un premier module d'élasticité. Ledit capteur possède en outre au moins deux zones externes (28, 30) qui s'étendent dans le sens d'extension (A) de la fibre optique (26), qui sont situées à l'opposé l'une de l'autre par rapport à la zone centrale (24) et qui sont constituées de secondes matières possédant des seconds modules d'élasticité. Les seconds modules d'élasticité sont plus élevés que le premier module d'élasticité. Au moins une des zones externes (28, 30) possède une structure (32, 33) sur une des faces orientées vers la zone centrale (24). La structure (32, 33) est conçue de manière telle qu'une force (F) s'exerçant de manière plane sur au moins une des zones externes (28, 30) et comportant une composante perpendiculaire au sens d'extension (A), peut être transmise via la structure (32, 33) à la fibre optique (26) de manière telle qu'une flexion de la fibre optique (26) se modifie.
PCT/EP2006/066891 2005-09-30 2006-09-29 Capteur pour la detection de grandeurs mecaniques Ceased WO2007036566A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200510046930 DE102005046930A1 (de) 2005-09-30 2005-09-30 Sensor zur Erfassung mechanischer Größen
DE102005046930.2 2005-09-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007036566A1 true WO2007036566A1 (fr) 2007-04-05

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2006/066891 Ceased WO2007036566A1 (fr) 2005-09-30 2006-09-29 Capteur pour la detection de grandeurs mecaniques

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DE (1) DE102005046930A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007036566A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015102833B4 (de) * 2015-02-27 2019-10-17 KMT e.K. Sensorband für eine Aufprallerkennungseinrichtung eines Fahrzeugsicherheitssystems sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines derartigen Sensorbands
GB2586974B (en) * 2019-09-06 2022-12-28 Nuron Ltd System for producing strain in a fibre

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0393956A2 (fr) * 1989-04-19 1990-10-24 Bestquint Limited Capteur par fibres optiques
DE19549404A1 (de) * 1995-05-17 1996-12-19 Quante Ag Schienenkontaktvorrichtung
DE10333732B3 (de) * 2003-07-23 2004-12-23 Peguform Gmbh & Co. Kg Sensorvorrichtung für eine Sicherheitsvorrichtung in einem Fahrzeug

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0393956A2 (fr) * 1989-04-19 1990-10-24 Bestquint Limited Capteur par fibres optiques
DE19549404A1 (de) * 1995-05-17 1996-12-19 Quante Ag Schienenkontaktvorrichtung
DE10333732B3 (de) * 2003-07-23 2004-12-23 Peguform Gmbh & Co. Kg Sensorvorrichtung für eine Sicherheitsvorrichtung in einem Fahrzeug

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102005046930A1 (de) 2007-04-12

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