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WO2007015201A1 - Transport et erection de recipients de tres grandes dimensions - Google Patents

Transport et erection de recipients de tres grandes dimensions Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007015201A1
WO2007015201A1 PCT/IB2006/052604 IB2006052604W WO2007015201A1 WO 2007015201 A1 WO2007015201 A1 WO 2007015201A1 IB 2006052604 W IB2006052604 W IB 2006052604W WO 2007015201 A1 WO2007015201 A1 WO 2007015201A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vessel
filler material
flowable
erection
transportation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB2006/052604
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Edward Ludovicus Koper
Zbigniew Franciszek Matyja
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sasol Technology Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
Sasol Technology Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sasol Technology Pty Ltd filed Critical Sasol Technology Pty Ltd
Priority to DE112006002050T priority Critical patent/DE112006002050T5/de
Priority to JP2008524650A priority patent/JP2009502680A/ja
Priority to BRPI0614189A priority patent/BRPI0614189A2/pt
Priority to AU2006274587A priority patent/AU2006274587A1/en
Priority to CN200680028596XA priority patent/CN101237923B/zh
Priority to GB0803567A priority patent/GB2444661A/en
Publication of WO2007015201A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007015201A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • B01J8/20—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles with liquid as a fluidising medium
    • B01J8/22—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles with liquid as a fluidising medium gas being introduced into the liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
    • C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
    • C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
    • C10G2/34—Apparatus, reactors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
    • B01J2219/00004—Scale aspects
    • B01J2219/00015—Scale-up
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
    • B01J2219/00018—Construction aspects

Definitions

  • THIS INVENTION relates to the transport and erection of very large vessels.
  • it relates to a method of preparing a very large vessel for transportation and/or erection, to a method of transporting a very large vessel, and to a method of erecting a very large vessel.
  • vessels required in chemical processing installations are large in diameter, long from end-to-end, and require internals e.g. heat transfer tubes.
  • these vessels are pressure vessels, operating at sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressures and also under other harsh conditions, e.g. very high temperatures.
  • all of the process conditions must be taken into account in addition to factors such as cost and ease of fabrication, transportation and erection.
  • a minimum wall thickness can be determined, using a suitable formula or algorithm known to those skilled in the art, and taking into account factors such as operating pressures and temperatures, material of construction, the presence and location of nozzles and other vessel internals that must be attached to the vessel wall, and static and dynamic loads. Conventionally, allowances are then made to account for other forces to which the vessel may be subjected, e.g. during fabrication, transportation and erection, thus increasing the design thickness of the vessel wall. As will be appreciated, for some vessels, e.g.
  • the design vessel wall thickness using the above approach may be very thick as a result of allowances made for transportation and erection, making the manufacturing (e.g. welding and heat treatment) very difficult and expensive.
  • This problem can be alleviated to a limited extent by making use of limited wall thickness allowances, internal braces, internal and/or external support rings and stiffeners, and the like, at the disadvantage of increased vessel mass, increased fabrication effort and costs, and transport and erection complications.
  • a method of preparing a very large vessel for transportation and/or erection including at least partially filling the vessel with a flowable filler material which is, or which can be made to be, substantially solid, in order to stiffen the vessel for purposes of transportation and/or erection.
  • very large vessel is intended to refer to a vessel which has a length to diameter ratio of at least 5 and a diameter of at least 2 m.
  • a filler material which is “substantially solid” is meant to include gels, jelly-like substances, semi-solid substances and the like which are solid enough to stiffen a vessel to such an extent that a reduced design wall thickness can be used, compared to a case where the method of the invention is not employed.
  • a flowable material which is solid includes particulate materials and powders which, when compacted under its own weight in bulk, acts as a solid body.
  • the entire vessel is filled with the flowable material.
  • the entire vessel is thus preferably filled with a solid material thereby to stiffen the vessel for purposes of transportation and/or erection.
  • the vessel may include internals.
  • the method may include immobilising the internals of the vessel with the filler material by submerging the internals in, or surrounding the internals with, the filler material.
  • the flowable filler material may be a fluid which can be solidified.
  • the method may thus include solidifying, or allowing solidification, of the flowable filler material in the vessel.
  • the flowable filler material is a material which is normally solid at ambient conditions, but which is flowable at elevated temperatures, e.g. a hydrocarbon such as a Fischer-Tropsch derived wax.
  • the method may thus include filling the vessel with a hydrocarbon which is at a temperature which allows it to flow, and then solidifying, or allowing solidification, of the hydrocarbon, e.g. by removing heat from the hydrocarbon.
  • the flowable filler material e.g. the hydrocarbon, may include a catalyst for a process in which the vessel is to be used.
  • the vessel may be preloaded with a filler material which is to be used in the process, and which may even include a catalyst, the preloading of the vessel also serving to stiffen the vessel for transportation and/or erection purposes.
  • the solid filler material e.g. the wax
  • the solid filler material can be converted to a fluid again, e.g. by melting the wax by means of the addition of heat.
  • the flowable filler material is a material which is normally a liquid at ambient conditions, but which solidifies at sub- ambient conditions, e.g. water or chilled water.
  • the method may thus include cooling the flowable filler material in the vessel to a sub-ambient temperature at which the filler material is a solid, and maintaining the filler material at said temperature during transportation and/or erection.
  • Removal or addition of heat to the filler material can be effected through the wall of the vessel.
  • the vessel includes internals suitable for such purposes, such as heat transfer tubes or coils, these can be employed.
  • the flowable filler material is a particulate material.
  • particulate materials include mineral or ore particles, sand, sawdust and particles of a natural or synthetic plastics or polymeric material, such as rubber, polystyrene, polypropylene, polyethylene or ABS beads.
  • a particulate material it is unnecessary to change the state of the material in order to stiffen the vessel or for purposes of removal of the filler material from the vessel.
  • the flowable filler material is a foam-producing fluid, which foam can be solidified.
  • the method may thus include filling the vessel with a foam and solidifying the foam.
  • the method may also in this case include coating surfaces inside the vessel with a foam-release assisting compound.
  • the foam may be chemically dissolved using a suitable solvent or reagent, or mechanically or physically broken down, e.g. by sandblasting, shot-blasting or the use of ultrasound.
  • the method may include treating surfaces inside the vessel to protect the surfaces against the filler material, e.g. to protect the vessel interior surfaces and exterior surfaces of vessel internals against corrosion and/or erosion. Treating the surfaces may include coating the surfaces with a protective coating.
  • the method may include treating the filler material to reduce or eliminate possible harmful effects of the filler material on the materials of construction of the vessel and/or its internals, when present.
  • the filler material may be admixed with a corrosion inhibitor.
  • a method of transporting a very large vessel including preparing the vessel for transportation by at least partially filling the vessel with a flowable filler material which is, or which can be made to be, substantially solid, in order to stiffen the vessel; and transporting the vessel in a thus stiffened state to a desired location.
  • the vessel may be prepared in accordance with the method as hereinbefore described.
  • the method according to the second aspect of the invention may include loading the vessel, in its stiffened state, onto a vehicle in order to transport the vessel.
  • the method may also include offloading the vessel, in its stiffened state, from the vehicle, once transported to the desired location.
  • a method of erecting a very large vessel including preparing the vessel for erection by at least partially filling the vessel with a flowable filler material which is, or which can be made to be, substantially solid, in order to stiffen the vessel; and erecting the vessel in a thus stiffened state.
  • Erecting the vessel may include turning the vessel from a manufacturing or transport orientation, through an angle in a vertical plane, to an operative orientation. Typically, the vessel is turned through a 90 ° angle, about an axis transverse to the vessel.
  • the method according to the third aspect of the invention may include removing the filler material from the vessel, once erected.
  • Removing the filler material from the vessel may include treating the filler material, if necessary, to make the filler material again flowable.
  • Treating the filler material may include heating the filler material, e.g. to melt the filler material.
  • the method according to the third aspect of the invention may also include treating the filler material and/or the vessel, to facilitate removal of the filler material from the vessel.
  • Treating the filler material and/or the vessel to facilitate removal of the filler material from the vessel may include applying vibratory forces to the filler material and/or the vessel, and/or mechanically working the filler material, e.g. with chains, pokers, stirrers, shavers, augers or the like.
  • the method according to the third aspect of the invention may include treating the filler material to make it suitable for use in the vessel in a process in which the vessel is to be employed.
  • the filler material may be a reagent, product, catalyst or inert component normally present in the vessel in a process in which the vessel is to be employed, such as a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process.
  • the vessel may be prepared in accordance with the method as hereinbefore described.
  • a very large circular cylindrical vessel with a diameter of about 10 m and a length of about 60 m and which includes internals like steam coils was designed to be transported as one complete piece of process equipment. As will be appreciated, this means that the pressure vessel would have all point loads present during transportation and erection.
  • the wall thickness of the pressure vessel was calculated to be between 66 and 76 mm. For fabrication, transport, mass and cost reasons it is preferred to select the lower thickness of 66 mm. To allow for the thinner wall thickness, a special constructions material was selected which is approximately 20 % stronger per mass unit than the carbon steel which would normally be used for the process conditions under which the very large vessel would be used.
  • One of the conditions for the selection of the thinner wall thickness and the special construction material is that the shape of the vessel must stay as close as is possible to the original design shape, i.e. that the vessel must remain circular cylindrical.
  • the combined factors of the length to diameter ratio of the vessel, the selected wall thickness, the point loads, the installed internal equipment of the pressure vessel and the need to transport and erect the pressure vessel without buckling the shell or even distorting the shape of the shell require special measures to be taken to ensure that no damage is done or shape changes occur.
  • the conventional engineering solution to this problem is to opt for a thicker shell which would result in an approximately 25 % thicker wall for a design in standard carbon steel. This would make the fabrication, especially the welding and heat treatment, and the handling of the pressure vessel, very difficult.
  • the stiffness of the vessel can be increased thereby ensuring that the pressure vessel does not buckle or distort during handling, transportation and erection and allowing the pressure vessel to have a wall thickness of 66 mm only.
  • the vessel would be filled with a liquid wax which would be allowed to solidify before the vessel is transported and erected.
  • a settable liquid such as a wax
  • the internals of the pressure vessel are completely immobilised.
  • the wax which is envisaged to be a Fischer-Tropsch derived wax, may include a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst as the vessel is intended for use in a Fischer- Tropsch process.
  • the Fischer-Tropsch wax can be melted by the application of heat, e.g. by circulating steam through the installed steam coils, whereafter the pressure vessel can be commissioned with the Fischer-Tropsch derived wax and the Fischer-Tropsch catalyst already present in the vessel.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé de préparation d'un récipient de très grandes dimensions en vue de son transport et/ou de son érection, lequel procédé consiste, au moins en partie, à remplir ledit récipient d'une matière de charge fluide qui est, ou qui peut devenir, sensiblement solide, afin de raidir le récipient pour que ce dernier puisse être transporté et/ou érigé.
PCT/IB2006/052604 2005-08-03 2006-07-31 Transport et erection de recipients de tres grandes dimensions Ceased WO2007015201A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112006002050T DE112006002050T5 (de) 2005-08-03 2006-07-31 Transport und Aufbau von sehr großen Behältern
JP2008524650A JP2009502680A (ja) 2005-08-03 2006-07-31 巨大容器の輸送および据付け
BRPI0614189A BRPI0614189A2 (pt) 2005-08-03 2006-07-31 métodos para preparar um vaso muito grande para transporte e/ ou erguimento, para transportar um vaso muito grande e para erguer um vaso muito grande
AU2006274587A AU2006274587A1 (en) 2005-08-03 2006-07-31 Transport and erection of very large vessels
CN200680028596XA CN101237923B (zh) 2005-08-03 2006-07-31 超大型容器的运输和竖立
GB0803567A GB2444661A (en) 2005-08-03 2006-07-31 Transport and erection of very large vessels

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US70488805P 2005-08-03 2005-08-03
US60/704,888 2005-08-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007015201A1 true WO2007015201A1 (fr) 2007-02-08

Family

ID=37434384

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2006/052604 Ceased WO2007015201A1 (fr) 2005-08-03 2006-07-31 Transport et erection de recipients de tres grandes dimensions

Country Status (13)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2009502680A (fr)
KR (1) KR20080046649A (fr)
CN (1) CN101237923B (fr)
AU (1) AU2006274587A1 (fr)
BE (1) BE1017241A3 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0614189A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE112006002050T5 (fr)
ES (1) ES2332695B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2444661A (fr)
IT (1) ITMI20061535A1 (fr)
NL (1) NL1032262C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007015201A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA200801409B (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007127898A3 (fr) * 2006-04-27 2007-12-13 Syntroleum Corp Procédé de fourniture, remplacement et retrait de catalyseur fischer-tropsch
WO2009108242A1 (fr) * 2008-02-29 2009-09-03 Kyrogen Usa, Llc Procédé et appareil d'activation/régénération de catalyseur de synthèse de fischer-tropsch et d'oxygénat
RU2485940C2 (ru) * 2007-10-30 2013-06-27 Байер Конзюмер Кер АГ Композиция, содержащая полиненасыщенные жирные кислоты и активированный уголь
KR20220156673A (ko) * 2016-09-09 2022-11-25 인튜어티브 서지컬 오퍼레이션즈 인코포레이티드 리스트 구조

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109606831B (zh) * 2019-02-02 2020-02-21 北京极智嘉科技有限公司 物品包装填充方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2903582A1 (de) * 1979-01-31 1980-08-07 Basf Ag Rohrbuendelreaktor zur durchfuehrung katalytischer reaktionen in der gasphase
US4374786A (en) * 1981-08-05 1983-02-22 Glitsch, Inc. Unitized scrubber tower
WO1997046453A1 (fr) * 1996-06-06 1997-12-11 Hoover Gregory A Materiau de protection gonfle et son procede de fabrication
JPH10152170A (ja) * 1996-11-26 1998-06-09 Hitachi Ltd 容器内の内部装置の輸送用支持サポートの構造
US5862819A (en) * 1996-01-11 1999-01-26 Cradeur; Robert R. Mobile apparatus for removing hazardous gases from enclosed structures

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2263595C2 (ru) * 2003-07-02 2005-11-10 Медянников Юрий Борисович Устройство для крепления длинномерных материалов на платформе

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2903582A1 (de) * 1979-01-31 1980-08-07 Basf Ag Rohrbuendelreaktor zur durchfuehrung katalytischer reaktionen in der gasphase
US4374786A (en) * 1981-08-05 1983-02-22 Glitsch, Inc. Unitized scrubber tower
US5862819A (en) * 1996-01-11 1999-01-26 Cradeur; Robert R. Mobile apparatus for removing hazardous gases from enclosed structures
WO1997046453A1 (fr) * 1996-06-06 1997-12-11 Hoover Gregory A Materiau de protection gonfle et son procede de fabrication
JPH10152170A (ja) * 1996-11-26 1998-06-09 Hitachi Ltd 容器内の内部装置の輸送用支持サポートの構造

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007127898A3 (fr) * 2006-04-27 2007-12-13 Syntroleum Corp Procédé de fourniture, remplacement et retrait de catalyseur fischer-tropsch
RU2485940C2 (ru) * 2007-10-30 2013-06-27 Байер Конзюмер Кер АГ Композиция, содержащая полиненасыщенные жирные кислоты и активированный уголь
WO2009108242A1 (fr) * 2008-02-29 2009-09-03 Kyrogen Usa, Llc Procédé et appareil d'activation/régénération de catalyseur de synthèse de fischer-tropsch et d'oxygénat
US8614158B2 (en) 2008-02-29 2013-12-24 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Fischer-trospch and oxygenate synthesis catalyst activation/regeneration in a micro scale process
KR20220156673A (ko) * 2016-09-09 2022-11-25 인튜어티브 서지컬 오퍼레이션즈 인코포레이티드 리스트 구조
KR102662094B1 (ko) 2016-09-09 2024-05-03 인튜어티브 서지컬 오퍼레이션즈 인코포레이티드 리스트 구조

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITMI20061535A1 (it) 2007-02-04
GB2444661A (en) 2008-06-11
JP2009502680A (ja) 2009-01-29
DE112006002050T5 (de) 2008-06-19
CN101237923A (zh) 2008-08-06
AU2006274587A1 (en) 2007-02-08
NL1032262C2 (nl) 2008-03-26
NL1032262A1 (nl) 2007-02-06
BE1017241A3 (nl) 2008-05-06
GB0803567D0 (en) 2008-04-02
CN101237923B (zh) 2010-12-08
KR20080046649A (ko) 2008-05-27
ZA200801409B (en) 2009-01-28
BRPI0614189A2 (pt) 2016-11-22
ES2332695B1 (es) 2011-01-31
ES2332695A1 (es) 2010-02-10

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