WO2007093298A1 - Gel formulations for arthropod and plathelminth control - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a formulation for arthropod and plathelminth control based on piperidine derivatives in gel formulations.

Description

 Gel formulation for arthropod and platelet defenses

The present invention relates to ^{"a ~} Formüliefüng to AfthropöderT-ürld PläthelmiritheifAbwehf based on piperidine derivatives in gel formulations.

It is known from EP 0 281 908 A1 and EP 0 289 842 A1 that certain piperidine derivatives can be used as agents for repelling arthropods (in particular insects) and helminthic parasites. One of the most important structures is compound 1-

Piperidine carboxylic acid 2-hydroxyethyl-l-methylpropyl ester exposed and marketed under the

Active substance Icaridin and Bayrepel ^® established. This connection is not as

Pure substance, but distributed as a formulated liquid in the form of lotion. The usual concentrations of the active ingredient here are 1 to 40% based on the mass of

Formulation.

As stable formulations have here lotions based on these piperidine compounds and water and a volatile alcohol component established. As alcohol, physiologically compatible volatile solvents are used here. In addition to phenethyl alcohol and benzyl alcohol, these include monofunctional and multifunctional aliphatic alcohols (alkanols, alkanediols, alkanetriols). These are, for example, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, propylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, ethylene or propylene oxide based copolymeric polyether polyols (both block copolymers and random copolymers), 2-ethyl-1,3 Hexanediol, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, etc.

As an example of the state of this art, the following solubility series is given from a ternary system (icaridine, alcohol, water). These mixtures give each stable lotions. In addition to the stability, the viscosity of the formulations was determined in accordance with DIN 53019 of November 1983:

^!) Aufgrund des Messsystems konnte für verschiedene Formulierungen nur festgestellt werden, dass deren Viskositätswerte unterhalb von 10 mPas liegen.

^!) Due to the measuring system it could only be determined for different formulations that their viscosity values are below 10 mPas.

These lotions thus have a very low viscosity as a significant technical disadvantage.

In some cases, this is so low that the viscosity is outside the measuring range of viscosity measuring instruments. Therefore, a targeted and consistent product order is problematic for the consumer. Another technical disadvantage of the lotions is the very high ethanol content. This leads to a deterioration in cosmetic properties

(Skin irritation). On the other hand, with values around 40%, he also prepares problems regarding the

Fire behavior of these formulations. These offer a considerable advantage, since the proportion of highly flammable formulation constituents can be significantly reduced.

As an alternative to this, gel formulations have become established in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. They consist essentially of ternary systems of water, a thickener and alcohol. Thickeners are substances that increase the "consistency" of a medium, thus making it more viscous.The consistency is strongly related to the theological properties of the medium.This has an effect of viscosity, thixotropy, pouring properties, viscoelasticity and surface tension For example, carbomer, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, polyvinylpyrrolidine or derivatives thereof are frequently used, and in many cases the gel formulation must additionally be adjusted to a cosmetically usable pH range by means of a so-called neutralizer.

Insect repellent formulations as emulsions based on the active ingredient N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) are already known. For example, US 5,916,541 A1 describes emulsions containing a insect repellent, a sunscreen and a film former. US 5,989,529 A1 also describes emulsions which comprise a block polymer, a sunscreen agent and optionally a repellent. US Pat. No. 5,980,871 A1 describes emulsions which contain an insect repellent active ingredient, an inorganic sunscreen agent and an anionic emulsifier.

The invention is therefore based on the object to provide stable gel formulations that have a high viscosity.

This object was achieved by a formulation for the defense of arthropods and Plathelminthen containing the mixture:

• 1 to 39% by weight of a repellent

• 0 to 35% by weight of an alcohol • 0.05 to 25% by weight of a thickener and

• 0.1 to 98.95 weight percent water

which has a viscosity of> 20 mPas.

The formulations are clear and stable.

The formulation preferably has a viscosity of> 1000 mPas, very particularly preferably> 10000 mPas.

The method for measuring the viscosity is given in the examples.

The formulation preferably comprises as thickener polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, carbomer, polyvinylpyrrolidone, quaternary polyvinylpyrrolidone, vinylimidazole copolymer, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer, poly (dimethyldiallylammonium chloride), dimethyldiallylammonium chloride copolymer, chitosan, vinylcaprolactam-v-pyrrolidone-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer, tert-butylacrylamide-ethylacrylate acrylic acid copolymer, polyacrylamide or mixtures thereof.

When using various thickeners (for example carbomer or acrylic acid polymers), it is advantageous to use the formulation with a neutralizer such as, for example, 2-arnano-2-methyl-1-propanol, triisopropanolamine (TIPA), 2-amino-2-methyl- l, 3-propanediol (AMPD), potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide solution in a pH neutral range, so it does not cause skin irritation.

The formulation contains 0 to 35% by weight of N-methylpyrrolidone, phenethyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, an aliphatic alcohol, aliphatic ethers, aliphatic polyethers and / or mixtures thereof.

The formulation preferably additionally contains 0.1 to 20% by weight of ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, propylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, copolymeric polyether polyols based on ethylene or propylene oxide, 2-ethyl-1, 3-hexanediol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane and / or mixtures thereof.

As a repellent is preferably a piperidine derivative of the general formula: - A -

worin

wherein

Ri 'and R ₂ ' independently represent alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkenyl, hydroxyalkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkynyl, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy and cycloalkynoxy, and

n is 0 or 1 or mixtures thereof are used.

The repellent used is preferably a piperidine derivative of the general formula where R 1 'and R ₂ ' independently of one another are C ₁ -C ₂ -alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ -alkenyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ -alkynyl, C ₁ -C -hydroxyalkyl, C ₃ -C ₄ -cycloalkyl. C ₂₀ hydroxyalkenyl, C ₃ -C ₂₀ hydroxyalkynyl, C ₃ -C ₂₀ cycloalkyl, C ₃ -C ₂₀ Cycloalkeyl, C ₃ -C ₂₀ cycloalkynyl, C ₃ -C ₂₀ cycloalkoxy, Ci-Ci ₂ Cycloalkenoxy and Ci-Ci ₂ Cycloalkinoxy and n is 0 or 1 or mixtures thereof.

The repellent used is preferably 1-piperidinecarboxylic acid 2-hydroxyethyl-1-methylpropyl ester (icaridine) and 1- (3-cyclohexen-1-ylcarbonyl) -2-methylpiperidine both as a racemic mixture and as a chiral compound, for example (1S, 2'S). - l- (3-cyclohexen-1-ylcarbonyl) -2-methylpiperidine used. Very particular preference is given to 1-piperidinecarboxylic acid 2-hydroxyethyl-1-methylpropyl ester (icaridine).

Particularly preferred is a formulation containing as a mixture of 1-piperidinecarboxylic acid 2-hydroxyethyl-1-methylpropyl ester, acrylic acid polymer, ethanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol and water.

Particularly preferred is a formulation containing as a mixture of 1-piperidinecarboxylic acid 2-hydroxyethyl-1-methylpropyl, carbomer, ethanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-l-propanol and water.

Particularly preferred is a formulation containing as a mixture of 1-piperidinecarboxylic acid 2-hydroxyethyl-1-methylpropyl, polyvinylpyrrolidone, ethanol and water.

Also particularly preferred is a formulation containing as a mixture of 1-piperidinecarboxylic acid 2-hydroxyethyl-1-methylpropyl, polyacrylamide, ethanol and water. Particularly preferred is a formulation containing as a mixture 1-piperidinecarboxylic acid-2-hydroxyethyl-1-methylpropyl ester, acrylate / octylacrylamide copolymer, ethanol and water.

In the formulation, it is preferable to additionally use components for producing a skin care effect. As components for this oils are used. The result is so-called hydrodispersion gels. As oils are preferably mineral oils, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, paraffin oils, silicone oils such as polysiloxane, cyclosiloxane, methicone.

Animal oils such as mink oil, fish oils, natural vegetable oils such as olive oil, sesame oil linseed oil, palm oil,

Sunflower oil, peanut oil. Rapeseed oil, soybean oil, coconut oil, palm kernel oil, peach kernel oil, almond oil, castor oil, dehydrated castor oil, pine oil, tall oil and / or mixtures thereof.

As an additional oil phase systems preferably synthetic triglycerides such as caprylic / Caprinsäurebiglycerid, triglyceride mixtures with vegetable fatty acids of chain length Crπ or other natural fatty acids, specifically selected, partial glyceride are saturated or unsaturated fatty acids possibly also containing hydroxyl groups, mono- and diglycerides of the C _S / io fatty acids. Fatty acid ester such as ethyl stearate, di-n-butyl adipate, hexyl laurate, glykolpelargonat dipropylene, esters of a branched fatty acid of medium chain length with saturated fatty alcohols of chain length Q ₆ - _I s, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, caprylic / Caprinsäureester of saturated fatty alcohols of chain length Cms, isopropyl stearate , isopropyl palmitate, caprylic / Caprinsäureester of saturated fatty alcohols of chain length Q ₂ - ₁ 8, decyl oleate, ethyl oleate, ethyl lactate, waxy fatty acid ester such as dibutyl phthalate, diisopropyl adipate, related to the latter Estergemische inter alia fatty alcohols such as isotridecyl alcohol, 2-octyldodecanol, cetylstearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol and / or mixtures thereof.

In the formulation, it is preferable to additionally use components for producing a UV filter effect. Oxybenzone, sulisobenzone (2-hydroxy-4-methylbenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid), dioxybenzene (2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone), menthylanthranilate, avobenzone, para-aminobenzoic acid are particularly preferred as components for producing a UV filter effect , Octyhnethoxycinnamat, octocrylene, Drometrizoltrisiloxan, TEA salicylate octyl salicylate, homomenthyl salicylate, octyl dimethyl PABA, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide diendücamfersulfonsäure, butylmethoxydibenzoylmethane, Metliylbenzylidenkamfer, octyl, terephthalyl, ethyl PABA, hydroxymethylphenyl-benzotriazole, methylene bi- benzotriazoyltetramethylbutylphenol, bis-octyloxyphenol methoxy-phenol-triazine, Novantisol acid and / or mixtures thereof used. In the formulation, biocides are preferably additionally used. Particularly preferred biocides are benzyl alcohol, trichlorobutanol, o-phenylphenol, para-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester, para-hydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester. Para-Hydroxybenzoesäurepropylester, para-Hydroxybenzoesäurebutylester, n-butanol, propanol, iso-propanol, ethanol and / or mixtures thereof used.

In the formulation, it is preferable to additionally use antioxidants. As antioxidants, preference is given to using butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), tocopherol, sulfites, metabisulfites, such as potassium metabisulfite, ascorbic acid, and / or mixtures thereof.

In the formulation, it is preferable to additionally use viscosity modifiers. Particularly preferred viscosity modifiers are carboxymethylcelMose, hydroxyethylcellulose, methylcellulose and other cellulose and starch derivatives, polyacrylates, polyvinyl acetate, vinyl acetate-crotonic acid copolymer, alginates, gelatin, pectin, casein, agar-agar, gum arabic, aloe vera, polyvinylpyrrolidone , Polyvinyl alcohol, copolymers of methyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride, polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols, block and / or random copolymer of propylene and ethylene glycol units, waxes, colloidal silicas, and / or mixtures thereof.

In the formulation, it is preferable to additionally use dyes or color pigments. As dyes or color pigments, it is particularly preferred to use all dyes approved for human or animal use in dissolved or suspended form and as pigments all pigments approved for human or animal use in dissolved or suspended form, and / or mixtures thereof.

In the formulation, fragrances are preferably used in addition. Fragrances used are particularly preferably perfume oils and other low-boiling substances which are approved for use on humans or animals, and / or mixtures thereof.

In the formulation, plasticizers are preferably additionally used. The plasticizers used are particularly preferably diethyl phthalate, di (ethylhexyl) phthalate, diethyl citrate, adipate, silicones, polyglycols and / or mixtures thereof.

The invention also includes a process for the preparation of the formulation, characterized in that

• 1 to 39% by weight of a repellent • 0 to 35% by weight of an alcohol

• 0.05 to 25% by weight of a thickener and

«0.1 to 98.95 weight percent water

and, optionally, additional substances are mixed together in any order.

The invention also includes the use of the formulations for expelling arthropods and / or platinum bushes. The formulation is preferably used to ward off harmful or irritating sucking and biting arthropods, preferably insects, ticks and mites.

The sucking insects mainly include the mosquitoes (for example Aedes aegypti, Aedes vexans, Aedes taeniorhynchus, Aedes albopictus, Culex pipiens fatigans, Culex quinquefasciatus, Culex tarsalis, Anopheles albimanus, Anopheles dirus, Anopheles gambiae, Anopheles sinensis, Anopheles stephensi, Mansonia titillans), butterfly mosquitoes (for example Phlebotomus papatasii, Phlebotomus duboscqi), groats (for example Culicoides furens, Culicoides impunctatus), blackflies (for example Simulium damnosum, Simulium venustum), biting flies (for example Stomoxys calcitrans), tsetse flies (for example Glossina morsitans morsitans), brakes (for example Tabanus nigrovittatus, Haematopota pluvialis, Chrysops caecutiens), True flies (for example Musca domestica, Musca autumnalis, Musca vetustissima, Fannia canicularis), flies (for example Sarcophaga carnaria), Myiasis-producing flies (cf. Example Lucilia cuprina, Chrysomyia chloropyga, Hypoderma bovi s, Hypoderma lineatum, Dermatobia hominis, Oestrus ovis, Gasterophilus intestinalis, Cochliomyia hominivorax), bugs (for example Cimex lectularius, Rhodnius prolixus, Triatoma infestans), lice (for example Pediculus humanis, Haematopinus suis, Damalina ovis), fleas (for example Pulex irritans, Xenopsylla cheopis, Ctenocephalides canis, Ctenocephalides felis) and sand fleas (Dermatophilus penetrans).

The biting insects are essentially cockroaches (for example Blattella germanica, Periplaneta americana, Blatta orientalis, Supella longipalpa), beetles (for example Sitiophilus granarius, Tenebrio molitor, Dermestes lardarius, Stegobium paniceum, Anobium punctatum,

Hylotrupes bajulus), termites (for example Reticulitermes lucifugus), ants (for example

Lasius niger, Monomorium pharaonis), wasps (for example Vespula germanica) and larvae of

Moths (for example Ephestia elutella, Ephestia cautella, Plodia interpunctella, Hofmannophila pseudospretella, Tineola bisselliella, Tinea pellionella, Trichophaga tapetzella). The other arthropods include ticks (for example, Ixodes ricinus, Ixodes scapulaπs, Argas reflexus, Omitliodorus moubata, Ripicephalus sangumeus, Boophihus microplus, Amblyomma hebraeum) and mites (for example Sarcoptes scabiei, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides faπnae, Dermanyssus galhnae, Acarus siro)

Furthermore, the formulations are preferably used against platelets, in particular against infectious stages of platelets. The formulation is preferably used for repelling platelet tumors such as Schistosomahaematobium, Schistosoma japomcum, Tnchobilharzia spp and Ornithobilharzia spp, but also Echinostoma spp

The formulations are preferably used by applying to the skin of humans or animals by means of dripping, brushing, rubbing, spraying, by dipping / dipping, bathing or washing

The formulations are preferably used for the impregnation of a carrier or encapsulation / microencapsulation in a shell of liposomes and / or ureas or for filling a porous packaging or a container for later use on the body of a living being. The systems thus obtained can then be applied to the body of a living being The carrier used is preferably tissue, nonwoven, gel and / or polyacrylate

The subject matter of the present invention can be found only in the subject matter of the individual patent claims, but also in the combination of the individual patent claims. The same applies to all parameters disclosed in the description and their arbitrary combinations

On the basis of the following examples, the invention is explained in more detail, without thereby limiting the invention is to be effected

Examples

I. Description of the measuring methods used

A. Determination of viscosity

The viscosity is determined according to DIN 53019 of November 1983.

B. Determination of the stability of the formulation

The stability of the formulation was determined by the centrifuge microwave assay. The test serves to evaluate the structure of disperse systems. The test method looks like this:

processing

The test sample of the formulation to be tested is acclimated after preparation for about 2 days at room temperature. Approximately 10 g of product are weighed from the test sample into a centrifuge tube (25 ml nominal volume).

Stress test of the formulation

The centrifuge tube is irradiated 75 seconds with stage 1 of the apparatus AEG Micromat ^® 114 (corresponding to a durchsclinittlichen power output of 75 watts) in the microwave. Subsequently, this sample is acclimated for one hour at room temperature and centrifuged for 11 minutes at 4350 revolutions / minute in an Eppendorf centrifuge 5403.

exam

The test of the sample is done visually by the laboratory technician. The sample is examined for homogeneity of the formulation. Differing appearance to the untreated sample, for example occurring phase separation or bubbles in the centrifuge tube are described.

IL Comparative Example

A lotion of the following composition is applied:

Phase A

16.8% by weight of water (distilled water) Phase B

40% wt .-% l-piperidinecarboxylic acid-2-hydroxyethyl-l-methylpropyl (Icaridin, Bayrepel ^®)

43.2% by weight ethanol (96%)

All substances are mixed at room temperature until a clear solution is obtained.

III. Example 2

A gel formulation of the following composition is prepared:

Phase A

39.63% by weight of water (distilled water)

35.0% by weight ethanol (96%)

Phase B

25% wt .-% l-piperidinecarboxylic acid-2-hydroxyethyl-l-methylpropyl (Icaridin, Bayrepel ^®)

0, 17% by weight acrylic polymer (Carbopol Ultrez 10)

0.5% by weight of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP 95)

First, phase A is mixed at room temperature. Subsequently, phase B is mixed at room temperature for 15 minutes and slowly added to phase A with vigorous stirring. Subsequently, a pH control is carried out and adjusted by means of 2-amino-2-methyl-l-propanol in the range pH 5.5 to 7.0.

IV. Example 3

A gel formulation of the following composition is prepared:

Phase A

39.63% by weight of water (distilled water)

35.0% by weight ethanol (96%) Phase B

25% wt .-% 1 -Piperidincarbonsäure-2-hydroxyethyl 1 -Methylpropylester (Icaridin, Bayrepel ^®)

0.3% by weight carbomer (pioneer NP37K)

0.07% by weight of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol

First, phase A is mixed at room temperature. Subsequently, phase B is mixed at room temperature for 15 minutes and slowly added with vigorous stirring. Subsequently, a pH control is carried out and adjusted by means of 2-amino-2-methyl-l-propanol in the range pH 5.5 to 7.0.

The formulations thus prepared were stored at room temperature for one week and then visually assessed and the viscosity measured:

²⁾ Since the formulation is very low viscosity, the viscosity for such a formulation can not be determined unambiguously

Claims

claims 1. Formulation for repelling arthropods and platelets containing the mixture: 1.0 to 39% by weight of a repellents against arthropods and platelets 0 to 35% by weight of an alcohol 0.05 to 25 weight percent of a thickener and 1.0 to 98.95 weight percent water which has a viscosity of> 20 mPas. 2. Formulation according to claim 1, characterized in that the formulation has a viscosity of> 1000 mPas. 3. Formulation according to one or more of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the thickener is preferably polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, carbomer, polyvinylpyrrolidone, quaternary polyvinylpyrrolidone, vinylimidazole copolymer, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer, poly (dimethyldiallylammonium chloride), dimethyldiallylammonium chloride copolymer, chitosan, vinylcaprolactam-vinlpyrrolidone dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer, tert-butylacrylamide-ethyl acrylate-acrylic acid Copolymer, polyacrylamide or mixtures thereof are used. 4. Formulation according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that 0 to 35% by weight of N-methylpyrrolidone, phenethyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, an aliphatic alcohol, aliphatic ethers, aliphatic polyethers and / or mixtures thereof are used. 5. A formulation according to claim 4, characterized in that ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, propylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, copolymeric Polyetheφolyole ethylene or propylene oxide, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol , Glycerin, Trimetliylolpropan and / or mixtures thereof. 6. Formulation according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that as a repellent preferably a piperidine derivative of the general formula

wherein Ri 'and R ₂ ' independently represent alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkenyl, hydroxyalkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkynyl, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy and cycloalkynoxy, and n is 0 or 1 or mixtures thereof is used. 7. A formulation according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the repellent used is a piperidine derivative of the general formula where Ri 'and R ₂ ' independently of one another for Ci-Ci ₂ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₂ -C ₂ O alkynyl, Ci-C] ₂ Hydroxyalkyl, C ₃ -C ₂ O, hydroxyalkenyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ hydroxyalkynyl, C ₃ -C ₂₀ cycloalkyl, C ₃ -C ₂₀ cycloalkenyl, C ₃ -C ₂₀ cycloalkynyl, C ₃ -C ₂₀ cycloalkoxy, C ₃ -C ₂₀ Cycloalkenoxy and C ₃ -C ₂₀ cycloalkynoxy, and n is 0 or 1, or mixtures thereof. 8. Formulation according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that as a repellent l-piperidinecarboxylic acid 2-hydroxyethyl-l-methylpropyl ester and 1- (3-cyclohexen-l-ylcarbonyl) -2-methylpiperidine both as a racemic mixture as well as a chiral compound is used. 9. A formulation according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the mixture l-Piperidincarbonsäure-2-hydroxyethyl-l-methylpropyl ester, acrylic acid polymer, ethanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-l-propanol and water contains. 10. A formulation according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the mixture contains 1-piperidinecarboxylic acid 2-hydroxyethyl-l-methylpropyl ester, carbomer, ethanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-l-propanol and water. 11. A formulation according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the mixture contains 1-piperidinecarboxylic acid 2-hydroxyethyl-l-methylpropyl ester, polyvinylpyrrolidone, ethanol and water. 12. A formulation according to one or more of claims 1 to 8 ₃ characterized in that the mixture contains 1-piperidmcarboxylic acid 2-hydroxyethyl-l-methylpropyl ester, polyacrylamide, ethanol and water. 13. A formulation according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the mixture contains 1-piperidmcarboxylic acid 2-hydroxyethyl-l-methylpropyl ester, acrylate / octylacrylamide copolymer, ethanol and water. 14. Formulation according to one or more of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that in addition as oils mineral oils, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, paraffin oils, silicone oils such as polysiloxane, cyclosiloxane, methicone, animal oils such as mink oil, fish oils, natural vegetable oils such as olive oil, sesame oil, linseed oil , Palm oil, Sunflower oil, Peanut oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, coconut oil, palm kernel oil, peach kernel oil, almond oil, castor oil, dehydrated castor oil, pine oil, tall oil, or mixtures thereof. 15. A formulation according to one or more of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that in addition as oil phase systems synthetic triglycerides such as caprylic / Caprinsäurebiglycerid, triglyceride mixture with vegetable fatty acids of chain length Cg-π or other natural fatty acids, partial glyceride mixtures of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids specially selected, mono- and diglycerides of _{C8 /} io fatty acids. Fatty acid esters such as ethyl stearate, di-n-butylryl adipate, lauric acid hexyl ester, dipropylene glycol pelargonate, esters of a medium chain branched fatty acid with saturated fatty alcohols of chain length Ci ₆ -Is, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, Caprylic / capric esters of saturated fatty alcohols of chain length

Isopropyl stearate, isopropyl palmitate, caprylic / capric acid esters of saturated fatty alcohols of chain length Cn-is, oleic acid oleate, oleic acid decyl ester, ethyl oleate, lactic acid ethyl ester, waxy fatty acid esters and / or fatty alcohols and / or mixtures thereof. 16. Formulation according to one or more of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that additional components are used to produce a UV filter effect. Formulation according to Claim 16, characterized in that components for producing a UV-feeding effect are oxybenzone, sulisobenzone (2-hydroxy-4-methylbenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid), dioxybenzone (2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone), Menthylanthranilate, avobenzone, para-aminobenzoic acid, octylmethoxycinnamate, octocrylene, drometrizoltrisiloxane, octylsalicylate, homomenthylsalicylate, octyldimethyl-PABA. TEA salicylate. Titanium dioxide. Zinc oxide, butyneethoxydibenzoylethane, Methylbenzylidene camphor, octyltriazone. Terephthalyldiendikamfersulfonsäure, ethyl-PABA, hydroxymetliylphenyl-benzotriazole, methylene-bi-benzotriazoyltetramethylbutylphenol, bis-octyloxyphenol-methoxyphenol-triazine, Novantisolsäure and / or mixtures thereof can be used. 18. A formulation according to one or more of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that additionally biocides are used. 19. A formulation according to claim 18, characterized in that as biocides benzyl alcohol, trichlorobutanol, o-phenylphenol, para-hydroxybenzoate, para-hydroxybenzoate, para-Hydroxybenzoesäurepropylester, para-Hydroxybenzoesäurebutylester, n-butanol, propanol, iso-propanol, ethanol and / or Mixtures thereof are used. 20. A formulation according to one or more of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that in addition antioxidants are used. 21. A formulation according to claim 20, characterized in that as antioxidants butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), tocopherol, sulfites, Metabisulfite such as potassium metabisulfite, ascorbic acid, and / or mixtures thereof. 22. A formulation according to one or more of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that in addition viscosity modifiers are used. 23. A formulation according to claim 22, characterized in that as a viscosity modifier carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, methylcellulose and other cellulose and starch derivatives, polyacrylates, polyvinyl acetate, vinyl acetate-crotonic acid copolymer, alginates. Gelatin, pectin. Casein, agar-agar, gum arabic, aloe vera, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, copolymers of methyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride, polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols, block and / or random Copolymer of propylene and ethylene glycol units, waxes, colloidal silicas, and / or mixtures thereof. 24. A formulation according to one or more of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that in addition dyes or color pigments are used. 25. A formulation according to claim 24, characterized in that as dyes all approved for use in humans or animals dyes in dissolved or suspended Form and pigments all for human or animal-approved pigments in dissolved or suspended form, and / or mixtures thereof are used. 26. A formulation according to one or more of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that in addition fragrances are used. 27. A formulation according to claim 26, characterized in that as fragrances perfume oils and other low-boiling substances, which are approved for use in humans or animals, and / or mixtures thereof are used. 28. A formulation according to one or more of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that in addition plasticizers are used. 29. Formulation according to spoke 28, characterized in that are used as plasticizers diethyl phthalate, di (ethylhexyl) phthalate, diethyl citrate, adipate, silicones, polyglycols and / or mixtures thereof. 30. A process for the preparation of the formulation according to one or more of claims 1 to 29, characterized in that • 1 to 39% by weight of a repellent • 0 to 35% by weight of an alcohol • 0.05 to 25% by weight of a thickener and • 0.1 to 98.95 weight percent water and optionally additional substances are mixed in any order with each other. 31. Use of formulations according to one or more of claims 1 to 29 for the displacement of arthropods. 32. Use of formulations according to one or more of claims 1 to 29 for the expulsion of Plathelminthen. 33. Use of formulations according to one or more of claims 1 to 29, characterized in that the formulations by application to the skin of humans or animals by means of applying, brushing. Rubbing, spraying, spraying, by dipping / dipping. Bathing or washing. 34. Use of formulations according to one or more of claims 1 to 29 for impregnation of a carrier or encapsulation / microencapsulation in a shell of liposomes and / or ureas or filling a permeable packaging or container for later use on the body of a living being. 35. Use of formulations according to claim 34, characterized in that are used as the carrier tissue, nonwoven, gel and / or polyacrylate.