WO2007082553A1 - System for fixing a rail - Google Patents

Abstract

In the case of a rail-fixing system according to the invention, the individual elements are arranged on the flat surface (2) of the firm underlying surface (1) available in each case. In this case, the positional fixing of an angular guide plate (11, 12) does not take place via projections or depressions formed on the underlying surface (1) but rather via a separate angle bracket (18, 19). During the installation of the fixing system according to the invention, this angle bracket (18, 19) can easily be positioned in each case in such a manner that optimum support of the angular guide plate (11, 12) is ensured irrespective of its particular orientation on the particular underlying surface. The fixing system according to the invention can thereby build on a known system from which it takes most of the components, such as the elastic intermediate layer (4), pressure-distributing plate (8), spring element (26, 27) and clamping element (28, 29).

Description

 System for fastening a rail

The invention relates to a system for fastening a rail, in particular a rail of a switch, on an inelastic solid and just trained underground.

Substrates formed of concrete or similar solid, inelastic materials, so-called "solid lanes", have the advantage, in particular on such routes, which are traveled by trains at high speed, that they due to their high inherent rigidity in each case occurring high loads during the crossing without being able to safely absorb the risk of undue deformation of the rail and ground. In order nevertheless to ensure a required for the permanent existence of the rail deformability of the rail fastening in the loading direction, the rail is usually supported by an elastic intermediate layer on the ground. Spring elements acting from above on the rail foot, so-called tensioning clamps, press the rail against the solid ground with a defined contact force. The lateral guidance of the rail foot is usually carried out with the aid of so-called angled guide plates, which rest laterally on the rail foot and support the rail against the transverse forces that occur when passing over a rail vehicle.

An example of a rail fastening system of the type in question is the fastening system offered by the Applicant under the name "System 300". at In this system, the solid ground is formed by a concrete sleeper standing on a floor formed of concrete slabs. On the acting in relation to the fastening system as a solid ground threshold an elastic intermediate layer is placed, which ensures a defined vertical support of the rail support. On the intermediate layer is a pressure plate, which distributes the loads acting in the vertical direction evenly on the elastic intermediate layer.

For the lateral support of the rail two angle guide plates are provided in the known system, of which one is attached to one of the sides of the rail foot. In order to dissipate the transverse forces occurring in operation in the ground, depressions and elevations are usually formed on the respective solid substrate, which allow a positive connection of the angled guide plate to the solid ground.

In addition to the lateral support of the rail foot, the angled guide plates in the known fastening system serve to guide a (D-shaped tension clamp whose arms press with their free ends onto the respective side of the rail foot assigned to them is screwed through the respective angle guide plate into the solid ground.

Rail fastening systems of the type described above have proven themselves in practice for a long time and are used in large numbers. However, in such areas where the fastening of the rails due to local peculiarities or design difficult, even today special solutions are used. This is the case in particular in the case of switches, in which the attachment of the individual rail parts usually takes place indirectly, by first fastening a support plate to the substrate and then holding the rail via fastening means which are clamped to the underlay plate. If necessary, an elastic intermediate layer is arranged between the base plate and the substrate or between the rail and the base plate in order to bring about the required elasticity of the rail support in the switch area. Such a system is offered, for example, under the name "System KS" by the applicant.

With the known fastening systems rails can be securely fastened in areas where the position of the respective system belonging fasteners must be adapted to the respective orientation of the rail and the substrate. For this, however, a change in the fastening systems must be taken into account, which makes the assembly and maintenance, especially in the area of points and comparable rail branches consuming.

Based on the above-described prior art, the present invention seeks to provide a fastening system, which also in the field of difficult or deviating from the standard situation mounting tasks, such as those given in the range of points, a safe and easy mountable mounting rails allowed.

This object is achieved by a system for fastening a rail, in particular a rail of a switch, on an inelastic solid and newly formed substrate, has been solved according to the invention an existing of an elastic material intermediate layer, which is in the assembled system on the solid ground, a ready-mounted system on the intermediate layer pressure distribution plate on the side facing away from the intermediate layer top with completely assembled system, the rail to be fastened with its rail is, at least one at ready mounted system laterally on the rail of the rail fitting angle guide plate, which is in the assembled system on the solid ground and receives when crossing the rail with a rail vehicle occurring transverse forces, a spring element, the fully assembled system sitting on the angled guide plate and each having two retaining arms with which the spring element exerts a holding force on the rail when the system is completely assembled, and a clamping element which clamps the spring element when the system is completely assembled, each Win kelführungsplatte a support bracket is assigned, which is firmly connected in the assembled system by means of a fastener to the ground and supports the angled guide plate laterally against the transverse forces absorbed by it.

In a rail fastening system according to the invention, the individual elements are arranged on the newly formed surface of the respectively available solid ground. Consequently, the positional fixing of the angle guide plate is not carried out on the substrate formed projections or depressions, but this is a separate support bracket provided. This support bracket can easily be positioned in each case during assembly of the fastening system according to the invention, that optimal support of the angled guide plate regardless of their respective Alignment is guaranteed on the respective substrate. The fastening system according to the invention can in this way build on a known system, from which it can take over most of the components, such as elastic intermediate layer, pressure distribution plate, spring element and clamping element.

In a system according to the invention, therefore, only the angle guide plate must be adapted to the particularity that it is placed on a flat Aufplattfläche and against a separate support element, the support bracket is supported. Accordingly, when assembling the system according to the invention, the same tools, devices and aids as used in the assembly of the conventional fastening systems used outside the special field can be used. With the invention, a fastening system is thus available which permits a secure and easily mountable fastening of the rails, even in the area of difficult fastening tasks or deviating from the standard situation, as they occur in particular in the area of points.

The particular advantage of the invention is that it does not require any special shape of the respective solid substrate, but that a flat surface of the substrate is sufficient for the mounting of the fastening system according to the invention. This peculiarity makes a system according to the invention particularly suitable for use in the area of switches supported on sleepers as a solid foundation, where usually each threshold is shaped differently in order to optimally be able to absorb the loads bearing on the rails of the switch. Thus, fastening systems according to the invention can be mounted in a simple manner, in particular if the solid ground is formed by a concrete sleeper, the top of which is flat at least in the region of the space occupied by the finished assembled system. In the same way, however, the system according to the invention can also be fastened to a concrete slab or a comparable structural element, the upper side of which is flat at least in the fastening area.

One way to design a fastening system according to the invention particularly highly resilient and at the same time optimized with regard to the flexibility of its elastic intermediate layer can be opened by the fact that the intermediate layer and the pressure plate are wider than the rail base on the model of the known fastening system "System 300". The secure arrangement of the respective angled guide plate can thereby be ensured that the intermediate layer and the pressure plate in its side laterally beyond the rail foot region has an opening that the angled guide plate has a support rib, which in the assembled system through the opening on the fixed Underground stands and that is held at fully assembled system, the pressure plate cross section of the angle guide plate at a distance from the pressure plate.

A particularly stable and, at the same time, weight-optimized variant of the invention is characterized in that the support bracket has a first support section assigned to the solid substrate, a support section arranged at an angle, in particular substantially at right angles, on the angled guide plate when the system is fully assembled and at least one between the Pad portion and the support portion extending reinforcing rib has. Depending on the particular fastening situation, the fastening system according to the invention may comprise two pairs of angled guide plate and support bracket, one of which is assigned to one of the sides of the rail foot in a standard fastening situation, one each as in the conventional fastening systems.

If the rail to be fastened is part of a switch, then for the area in which the movable switch blade has to be guided, the pressure plate can have a standing surface on which the rail is with its rail base when the system is completely assembled, and a sliding surface which is increased in relation to the floor space have the switch tongue. In order to still allow a simple and secure two-sided attachment of the respective rail, the pressure plate may have a arranged in the area between the base and the increased sliding attachment point and the fastening system according to the invention to be attached to the attachment point second clamping element and a second Include spring element, which is tensioned in the assembled system of the second clamping element and acts on the opposite side of the first spring element on the rail foot. Another advantageous for this application embodiment of the invention provides that the fastening system comprises two groups of angled guide plate, spring element, clamping element and support bracket, one of which is assigned directly to the rail to be fastened, while the other group is assigned to the other side of the pressure plate and the spring element associated with this group acts on the pressure plate.

A particular for the area of a switch, in which rails are arranged in close proximity, suitable variant of the invention provides that when finished mounted system on the pressure plate two rails are arranged at a distance from each other. Also in this case, the attachment of the two rails on the printing plate can be accomplished in a simple manner, when the pressure plate in the space occupied by the rail feet in completely assembled system space has two attachment points and the fastening system according to the invention two additional to be attached to the attachment points Clamping elements and two additional spring element comprises, of which in each case one of the tensioning element associated therewith is tensioned and acts on the side opposite to the respective first spring element on the rail foot of the respectively associated rail.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an exemplary embodiments illustrative drawing. Each show schematically:

1 shows a first rail fastening in a cross section.

FIG. 2 shows the rail fastening shown in FIG. 1 in plan view; FIG.

3 shows a second rail fastening in cross section.

Fig. 4 is a third rail fastening in cross section.

With the rail fastening shown in Fig. 1, a ^' conventional straight-ahead rail S is mounted on a concrete sleeper 1, which has a flat top 2 and is on a bottom plate 3 also made of concrete. To fix the threshold 1 on the Bottom plate 3 may be filled in the gap between two adjacent concrete sleepers 1 here not shown filling concrete. The fastening system used for fastening the rail S on the threshold 1 comprises the items explained below.

An elastic intermediate layer 4 is placed on the flat top 2 of the concrete sleeper 1 and seen transversely to the longitudinal extent of the rail S, based on the rail S, centered. The width B of the intermediate layer 4 is greater than the width of the rail foot 5 of the rail S, so that the intermediate layer 4 is on both sides of the rail 5 also. In the regions extending beyond the rail foot, the intermediate layer 4 has an opening 6, 7 in each case.

A made of steel or cast iron material pressure distribution plate 8, the size of which viewed in plan view is equal to the size of the elastic intermediate layer 4, is laid down on the intermediate layer 4. Like the intermediate layer 4, the pressure distribution plate 8 also has an opening 9, 10 in the region of its sections projecting beyond the rail foot, which openings are aligned congruently with the openings 6, 7 of the intermediate layer 4. The pressure distribution plate 8 is dimensioned such that its deflection is only minimal by the loads V occurring in the vertical direction when passing over the rail S and the loads V are evenly distributed to the elastic intermediate layer 4.

Two angle guide plates 11,12 each have a central portion 13 which is wider than that between the openings 9,10 and the next to each next Narrow sides existing portion of the pressure distribution plate 8. At the rail foot 5 associated side of the central portion downwardly facing support ribs 13,14 are formed. The height of the support ribs 13,14 is greater than the common thickness of the intermediate layer 4 and the pressure distribution plate 5. At the same time extends on this page, an upwardly facing support portion 15, with the angle guide plates 11,12 at fully assembled mounting system at their respective assigned Side of the rail foot 5 abut. On their side remote from the rail foot 5, the angle guide plates 11, 12 pass over into a rib section, onto which support ribs 16, 17 pointing downwards are formed. In addition, in each case one through opening is formed in the angled guide plates 11, 12 which is aligned with the respective opening 6, 7 or 9, 10 of the intermediate layer 4 and the pressure distribution plates 8.

The lateral support of the angle guide plates 11,12 via a respective belonging to the mounting system support bracket 18,19. The support brackets 18, 19 each have a support section 20 resting on the upper side 2 of the concrete sleeper 1, a support section 21 arranged at right angles thereto and resting against the respective angled guide plate 11, 12, and four reinforcing ribs 22 arranged at equal intervals extending between the support section 20 and the support portion 21. At the top 2 of the concrete sleeper 1 associated lower edge of the support portion 21 are aligned at right angles to the support portion 21, forward-facing projections 22 formed, which also rest with its underside on the top 2 of the concrete sleeper 1. During assembly of the fastening system, the angle guide plates 11,12 are guided with their support ribs 16,17 through the opening 6,7 or 9,10 of intermediate plate 4 and pressure distribution plate 8 so that they stand on the top 2 of the concrete sleeper 1. Then, the respective support bracket 18,19 laterally pushed him to the respectively associated angle guide plate 11,12, until its support portion 21 at the respective

Angled guide plate 11,12 is applied and the projections 22 are positioned under the support ribs 13,14. Subsequently, the support bracket 18,19 are bolted to the concrete sleeper 1. For this purpose, a plastic dowel 23 is first set in a correspondingly introduced into the concrete sleeper 1 hole, then into the one guided by a molded into the support portion 20 of the support bracket 18,19 through-hole fastening screw 24 is screwed.

Between the rail foot 5 and the pressure distribution plate 8, a layer 25 of an electrically insulating material is additionally arranged, which prevents an electrically conductive connection between the pressure distribution plate 8 and rail S.

Formed on the angle guide plates 11, 12 are shaped elements, such as bumps and grooves, which are intended to guide and laterally support sections of a respective C0-shaped spring element 26, 27 placed on the respective angle guide plate 11, 12. The spring elements 26,27, also called clamps, press in the assembled state with the free ends of their clamping arms on top of the rail foot 5, so that the rail S is held resiliently in the vertical direction. For tensioning the spring elements 26,27 is one each Clamping screw 28,29 provided, which acts with its screw head on the central portion of the respective spring element 26,27 and with its shaft through the respective opening of the angled guide plates 11,12 and the openings 6,7 and 9,10 of the pressure distribution plate 8 and the intermediate layer 4 out in a dowel 30 are screwed, which is inserted into a correspondingly molded into the concrete sleeper 1 hole. In Figures 1 and 2, the spring element 26 is shown in the fully tensioned position and the spring element 27 in prepared for clamping position.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, the fastening system as in the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2 comprises an elastic intermediate layer 31, a laid on the intermediate layer 31 and this over the entire area covering the pressure distribution plate 32, two corresponding to the angle guide plates 11,12 formed angle guide plates 33,34 , two support brackets 35, 36, corresponding to the support angles 17, 18, screws 37, 38 for fastening the support brackets 35, 36 on the flat upper side of a concrete sleeper 39, two spring elements 40, 41, clamping screws 42, 43 for tensioning the spring elements 38, 39 and an electrically insulating layer 44, which lies between the rail 5 of the rail S to be fastened and the pressure distribution plate 32.

In contrast to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the fastening system illustrated in FIG. 3 serves for fastening a rail belonging to a switch which is arranged in the movement region of the switch tongue Z. For this purpose, a track chair in the form of a survey 45 is formed on the pressure distribution plate, the top of which forms the sliding surface 46, on which the switch blade can be slidably moved back and forth. In the area between the one in Area between the base 47, on which the rail foot 5 stands, and the elevated sliding surface 46, a fastening point 48 is provided in the form of a fixedly connected to the pressure distribution plate 32 bolt.

The attachment of the rail S on its side remote from the elevation 45 side by means of the angle guide plate 33, the spring element 40, the clamping screw 42, the support bracket 35 and the screw 37 as described for the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2. In this case, the angle guide plate 33 engages with its rail associated support ribs in the openings of pressure distribution plate 32 and elastic intermediate layer 31, which are formed as in the pressure distribution plate 8 and the intermediate layer 4 in the laterally beyond the rail foot section of pressure distribution plate 8 and intermediate layer 4.

The attachment of the rail S on the survey 45 associated side of the rail foot 5 by means of another, in this case also belonging to the fastening system CÖ-shaped clamp 49, which is clamped at its central part by means of a clamping nut 50 at the attachment point 48, so that it applies the required holding force to the rail foot 5 with the free ends of its spring arms.

The elastic support of the pressure distribution plate 32 on its opposite side of the rail S by means of the angle guide plate 34, the spring element 41, the clamping screw 43, the support bracket 36 and the screw 38. For this purpose, the pressure distribution plate 32 and the underlying elastic intermediate layer 31 also on this side laterally projecting sections in the an up to the top of the concrete sleeper 39 leading opening 51 is formed. In this opening 51, the angle guide plate 34 engages with their pressure distribution plate associated support ribs. The lateral support of the angled guide plate 34 by means of the support bracket 36, as described for the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2. After clamping, the free ends of the spring arms of the spring element 41 rest on the upper side of the pressure distribution plate 32 and thus exert the holding forces required for the elastically resilient hold on the pressure distribution plate 32.

In Fig. 4, a fastening system is shown, which is suitable for fixing closely spaced rails S, S2, as they are present, for example, in the gusset region of points.

For this purpose, the fastening system in question comprises an elastic intermediate layer 53 lying on the flat upper side of the concrete sleeper 52, a pressure distribution plate 54 covering the intermediate layer 53, two angle guide plates 55, 56 formed corresponding to the angled guide plates 11, 12, two corresponding to the support angles 17, 18 Support angle 57,58, screws 59,60 for fixing the support angle 57,58 on the flat top of the concrete sleeper 52, two spring elements 61,62, clamping screws 63,64 for tensioning the spring elements 61,62 and two electrically insulating layers 65,66, each lie between the rail feet 5.67 of the rails to be fastened S, S2 and the pressure distribution plate 54.

The pressure distribution plate 54 and the elastic intermediate layer 53 are in each case laterally beyond the Rail foot 5 of the rail and the rail foot 67 of the rail S2 via. In the protruding portions of the pressure distribution plate 54 and the intermediate layer 53 each one through the top of the concrete sleeper 52 through opening is formed.

The attachment of the rails S, S2 takes place on the side remote from the respective other rail S, S2 side of the respective rail foot 5.67 by means of the angle guide plates 55,56, the support bracket 57,58, the screws 59,60 for securing the support bracket 57, 58, the spring elements 61,62 and the clamping screws 63,64 for tensioning the spring elements 61,62 as described for the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2. In FIG. 4, a completely mounted attachment is shown on the left side, while the attachment on the right side is in preparation for the bracing of the spring element 62.

In order to keep the rails S, S2 safely on their mutually associated sides, two attachment points 68,69 in the form of bolts ^{' are} provided in the area between the contact surfaces of the rail feet 5,65 on the pressure distribution plate 54. At these attachment points 68,69 CÖ-shaped clamps 70,71 belonging to the respective fastening system are likewise braced by means of a respective clamping nut 72,73 in such a way that they apply the required holding force to the rail base 5 or 65 with the free ends of their spring arms. BE ZUGS ZE I CHEN

1 concrete threshold

2 top

3 base plate

4 liner

5 rail foot

6,7 opening

8 pressure distribution plate

9,10 openings

11.12 angle guide plates

13,14 support ribs

15 supporting portion of the angle guide plates 11, 12th

16,17 support ribs

18,19 support angle

20 support section

21 support section

22 reinforcing ribs

23 plastic dowels

24 fixing screw

25 electrically insulating layer

26,27 spring elements

28,29 tensioning screw

30 dowels

31 liner

32 pressure distribution plate

33.34 angle guide plates

35.36 support angle

37.38 screws

39 concrete threshold

40.41 spring elements

42.43 clamping screws

44 electrically insulating layer

45 elevation of the pressure distribution plate 32

46 sliding surface 47 stand space

48 attachment point

49 tension clamp

50 clamping nut

51 opening

52 concrete threshold

53 liner

54 pressure distribution plate

55, 56 angle guide plates

57, 58 support angle

59, 60 screws

61, 62 spring elements

63, 64 clamping screws

65, 66 electrically insulating layers

67 Rail foot of rail S2

68, 69 attachment points

70, 71 tension clamps

72, 73 Clamping nut

B width of the intermediate layer 4

S rail

S2 rail

V loads acting in the vertical direction

Z switch tongue

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R E C H E 1. System for fastening a rail (S, S2), in particular a rail (S, S2) of a switch, on an inelastic solid and newly formed base, - with an intermediate layer (4,31,53) made of an elastic material which, when the system is fully assembled, lies on the firm ground, - With a ready-mounted system on the intermediate layer (4,31,53) lying Pressure distribution plate (8, 32, 54), on whose top side remote from the intermediate layer (4, 31, 53), when the system is completely assembled, the rail (S, S2) to be fastened is connected to its rail base (5, 67), - With at least one at ready mounted system laterally on the rail (5.67) of the rail (S, S2) adjacent angular guide plate (11,12,33,34,55,56), which is in the assembled system on the solid ground and which absorbs transverse forces occurring when passing over the rail (S, S2) with a rail vehicle, - With a spring element (26,27,40,41,61,62), which sits in the assembled system on the angle guide plate (11,12,33,34,55,56) and the two each Holding arms, with which the spring element (26,27,40,41,61,62) in fully assembled system exerts a holding force on the rail (S, S2), and with a tensioning element (28, 29, 42, 43, 63, 64) which, when the system is completely assembled, clamps the spring element (26, 27, 40, 41, 61, 62), wherein each angle guide plate (11, 12, 33, 34 , 55,56) is associated with a support bracket (18,19,35,36,57,58), which is firmly connected by means of a fastening means with the substrate in the assembled system and the angle guide plate (11,12,33,34,55 , 56) is laterally supported against the transverse forces absorbed by it. 2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the solid ground is formed by a concrete sleeper (1,39,52) whose upper surface is formed flat at least in the area occupied by the finished assembled system. 3. A system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the elastic intermediate layer and the pressure plate are the same (8,32,54) are wider than the rail foot (5,67). 4. System according to claim 3, characterized in that the intermediate layer (4,31,53) and the pressure plate (8,32,54) in its laterally beyond the rail foot (5,67) out standing area an opening (6,7, 9, 10), that the angled guide plate (11, 12, 33, 34, 55, 56) has a support rib (13, 14) which, when the system is completely assembled, passes through the openings (6, 7, 9, 10) stand the solid ground and that when the system is fully assembled the pressure plate (8,32,54) cross section of the angle guide plate ! 11, 12, 33, 34, 55, 56) at a distance from the pressure plate 18,32,54) is held. 5. System according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h e c e n e c e s e, e t s, between the rail foot and the pressure plate, an electrically insulating layer (25,65,66) is arranged. 6. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support bracket (18,19,35,36,57,58) a solid support associated with the first support portion (20), one arranged at an angle, with the system mounted on the angled guide plate (11,12,33,34,55,56) abutting support portion (21) and at least one between the support portion (20) and the support portion (21) extending reinforcing rib (22). System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there are two pairs of angled guide plate (11,12,33,34,55,56) and support angle (18,19,35,36,57,58;, one of each of which is associated with one of the sides of the rail foot (5,67). System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rail (S) to be fastened is part of a switch, that the pressure plate (32) has a support surface (47) on which, when the system is completely assembled, the rail (S) with its rail base (5 ), and one opposite the Stand surface (47) increased sliding surface (46) for a switch blade (Z). A system according to claim 8, characterized in that the pressure plate (32) has an attachment point (48) arranged in the region between the support surface (47) and the raised sliding surface (46) and in that the system has to be attached to the attachment point (48) further tensioning element (50) and a second spring element (49), which is tensioned by the further tensioning element (50) when the system is completely assembled and acts on the rail foot (5) on the side opposite the first spring element (40). 10. System according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that it comprises two sets of angled guide plate (33,34), spring element (40,41), clamping element (42,43) and support bracket (35,36), one of which directly is assigned to be fastened rail (S), while the other group is assigned to the other side of the pressure plate (32) and the spring element (41) belonging to this group acts on the pressure plate (32). 11. A system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, when the system is completely assembled, two rails (S, S2) are arranged at a distance from one another on the pressure plate (54), 12. System according to claim 11, characterized in that the pressure plate (54) in between the case of fully assembled system of the rail feet (5,67) occupied spaces existing space two attachment points (68,69) are formed and that the system comprises two additional at the attachment points (68,69) to be fastened clamping elements (72,73) and two additional spring elements (70,71), one of each of which it is tensioned to its associated clamping element (72,73) and acts on the respective first spring element (61,62) opposite side of the rail base (5,67) of the associated rail (S, S2).