ES2365860T3 - SYSTEM FOR FIXING A RAIL. - Google Patents

Abstract

In the case of a rail-fixing system according to the invention, the individual elements are arranged on the flat surface (2) of the firm underlying surface (1) available in each case. In this case, the positional fixing of an angular guide plate (11, 12) does not take place via projections or depressions formed on the underlying surface (1) but rather via a separate angle bracket (18, 19). During the installation of the fixing system according to the invention, this angle bracket (18, 19) can easily be positioned in each case in such a manner that optimum support of the angular guide plate (11, 12) is ensured irrespective of its particular orientation on the particular underlying surface. The fixing system according to the invention can thereby build on a known system from which it takes most of the components, such as the elastic intermediate layer (4), pressure-distributing plate (8), spring element (26, 27) and clamping element (28, 29).

Description

The invention relates to a system for fixing a rail, in particular a rail of a track diversion, on an inelastic solid foundation, and configured flat.

The foundations formed from concrete or similarly solid and inelastic materials, so-called "solid rails", in particular on those routes that cross high-speed trains, have the advantage that, due to their high stiffness, they can absorb safely the high loads that appear respectively when crossed without the danger of an inadmissible deformation of the rail and the foundation. In order to guarantee, however, a deformability of the rail fastening, necessary for the long-lasting stability of the rail in the load direction, the rail is usually supported on the foundation through an elastic intermediate layer. The spring elements acting from above on the rail skate, so-called clamping devices, press the rail in this case with a defined clamping force against the solid foundation. The lateral guidance of the rail skate is usually carried out with the help of the so-called angular guidance plates, which are in lateral contact with the rail skate and hold the rail against the transverse forces that appear when being crossed by a rail vehicle.

An example for a rail fixing system of the type in question is the fixing system offered by the applicant under the designation "System 300". In this system the solid foundation is formed by a concrete sleeper that rests on a floor formed by concrete slabs. An elastic intermediate layer is placed on the crossbar that acts in reference to the fixing system as a solid foundation, which guarantees a flexible support defined in the vertical direction of the rail. On the intermediate layer a pressure plate is placed that distributes the loads acting in the vertical direction evenly on the elastic intermediate layer.

For a lateral rail support, two angular guidance plates are provided in the known system, of which each is placed on one of the sides of the rail skate. To derive the transverse forces that appear during operation to the foundation, sinks and elevations are usually configured in the corresponding solid foundation that allow a positive connection of the angular guidance plate with the solid foundation.

In addition to the lateral support of the rail skate, the angular guidance plates serve in the known fixing system for guiding a clamping device in the form of ω, whose arms with their free ends press on the side respectively assigned to them of the rail skate. In this case, a clamping screw is provided for tensioning the clamping device, which is screwed through the corresponding angular guide plate in the solid foundation.

Rail fixing systems of the type explained above have proven their effectiveness in practice for a long time and are used in large-scale manufacturing. In addition, in areas such as the fixing of the rails is difficult due to local peculiarities or in a way conditioned by the construction, today special solutions are still used. This is the case in particular in the area of track deviations, in which the fixing of the individual rail parts is usually carried out indirectly, first fixing a rail seat plate on the base and then retaining the rail through fixing means that are tensioned in the rail seat plate. If necessary in this case between the rail seat plate and the foundation or between the rail skate and the rail seat plate, an elastic intermediate layer is arranged in order to obtain the necessary elasticity of the rail support also in the region of the road diversion. A similar system is offered by the applicant, for example, under the designation "System KS".

With the known fixing systems, the rails can also be securely fixed in the regions where the layer of the fixing elements belonging to the corresponding system must be adapted to the corresponding orientation of the rail and the foundation. In addition, for this, there must be a change in the fixing systems that make assembly and maintenance work expensive just in the region of road deviations and deviations of comparable rails.

In addition, different variants of a fixing system for a track diversion installed on a railway track on a superstructure are known from DE 101 39 198 A1. In some of these variants the angular guidance plate is in direct contact with the rail. However, in this case, the angular guidance plate rests respectively on a base section of a base plate that extends beyond the width of the track deflection and is placed on the corresponding solid foundation. The necessary elasticity of the rail is guaranteed by an elastic intermediate layer that is arranged between the rail skate and the base plate. The width of the intermediate layer is further limited to the width of the rail skate, so that only limited elasticity can be achieved.

From DE-AS 26 00 416, another system for fixing a rail is finally known. In this known fixing system, a large number of components are necessary to divert the forces of the respective rail to be retained to the support brackets that are fixed by means of crossbar screws on the concrete sleepers that form the corresponding solid foundation. Since each of the elements pressed by the force flow has a known elasticity, the known fixation system has a set of too low rigidity and therefore does not represent a fixation that corresponds to the high transverse forces that appear in the Current running operation. The secure support of rails that are crossed by trains with high speed, is further impaired in the known fixing system because in addition to the clamping means that acts directly on the rail another clamping device is necessary to fix the rail to the concrete crossbar .

Starting from the state of the art explained above, the invention aimed to create a fixing system that, also in the field of difficult fixing tasks or deviating from the standard situation, as given for example in the field of track deviations, allow a secure and easily mountable fixing of the rails.

This objective has been solved according to the invention by means of a system for fixing a rail, in particular a rail of a track diversion, on a solid, inelastic, and configured, flat foundation, which is configured according to claim 1.

In a fixing system according to the invention, the individual elements are arranged on the flat configured surface of the respective solid foundation available. Therefore, the fixing of the position of the angular guidance plate is not carried out through projections or sinks configured in the base, but rather a special support square is provided for this. This support square can be positioned respectively without problems during the mounting of the fixing system according to the invention, so that an optimal support of the angular guidance plate is guaranteed regardless of its corresponding orientation on the corresponding foundation. The fixing system according to the invention can thus be established in a known system from which most of the components can be adopted, such as elastic intermediate layer, pressure distribution plate, spring element and clamping element.

In a system according to the invention, only the angular guidance plate must therefore be adapted to the particularity that it is placed on a support surface and held against a special support element, the support square. Therefore, during the assembly of the system according to the invention, the same tools, apparatus and auxiliary means can be used as those used during the assembly of the conventional fixing systems used outside the special field.

In this case, the fixing system according to the invention can be requested in a particularly high way and is optimally designed at the same time with respect to the elasticity of its elastic intermediate layer, since the intermediate layer and the pressure plate according to the system model known fixation "System 300" are wider than the rail skate. The safe arrangement of the corresponding angular guidance plate is then guaranteed because the intermediate layer and the pressure plate have an opening in its region that rests laterally beyond the rail skate, because the angular guidance plate has a support rib the which, passing through the openings, rests on the fixed base in the fully assembled system and because the section of the angular guidance plate that overlaps with the pressure plate in the fully assembled system is kept at a distance from the plate Pressure.

With the invention there is thus a fixing system that also allows in the field of difficult fixing tasks or that deviates from the standard situation, as they appear in particular in the sector of track deviations, a secure and easily mountable fixing of the rails.

The special advantage of the invention is that it does not presuppose a special formation of the corresponding solid foundation, but that a flat surface of the foundation is sufficient for mounting the fixing system according to the invention. This peculiarity makes a system according to the invention appropriate, in particular for the use in the field of track changes supported on sleepers as a solid foundation, where usually each sleeper is shaped differently to be able to optimally absorb the loads acting on the Rail deviation tracks. Thus, the fixing systems according to the invention can be mounted in particular in a simple way if the solid foundation is constituted by a concrete crossbeam, the upper side of which is flat at least in the region of the space occupied by the fully assembled system. However, the system according to the invention can also be fixed on a concrete plate or a comparable construction element, the upper side of which is set flat at least in the fixing region.

A variant of the invention especially stable and at the same time optimized in terms of weight is characterized in that the support square has a first support section assigned to the solid foundation, a support section arranged here at an angle, in particular essentially at right angles, in contact with the angular guidance plate in the fully assembled system and at least one reinforcement rib extending between the support section and the support section.

5

fifteen

25

35

Four. Five

Depending on the corresponding fixing situation, the fixing system according to the invention comprises two pairs of angular guiding plates and support brackets, of which in a standard fixing situation each, as in conventional fixing systems, is assigned to one side of the rail skate.

If the rail to be fixed is part of a track diversion, then for the region where the needle of the mobile track diversion must be guided, the pressure plate may have a base surface, on which the rail rests with its skate of rail in the fully assembled system, and a high sliding surface relative to the base surface for the track change needle. To allow in this case as always a simple and secure fixing on both sides of the corresponding rail, the pressure plate has a fixing point arranged in the region between the base surface and the high sliding surface and the fixing system according to the invention. it comprises a second fastening element to be fixed at the fixing point and a second spring element, which in the fully assembled system is held by the second fastening element and acts on the rail skate on the side opposite the first spring element . Another advantageous configuration for this use case of the invention provides that the fixing system comprises two groups of angular guidance plate, spring element, support element and support square, of which one is directly assigned to the rail to be fixed, while the other group is assigned to the other side of the pressure plate and the elastic element corresponding to this group acts on the pressure plate.

A variant of the invention suitable in particular for the region of a track diversion, in which the rails are arranged very close together, provides that in the fully assembled system two rails are arranged at a distance from each other on the pressure plate. Also in this case, the fixing of the two rails is carried out on the pressure plate in a simple way if the pressure plate has two fixing points in the intermediate space present between the spaces occupied by the rail skates in the fully assembled system , and the fixing system according to the invention comprises two additional fasteners to be fixed at the fastening points, as well as two additional spring elements, of which each is attached by the fastener assigned to it and acts in the Rail rail of the rail respectively assigned to it, on the side opposite the respective first spring element.

The invention will be explained in more detail in the following by means of a drawing representing embodiments. They show schematically respectively:

Fig. 1 a first rail fixation in a cross section;

Fig. 2 the rail fixing shown in fig. 1 in plan view;

Fig. 3 a second rail fixation in cross section;

Fig. 4 a third rail fixation in cross section.

With the rail fixation shown in fig. 1 a conventionally guided rail S is fixed in a straight line on a concrete crossbar 1, which has a flat upper side 2 and rests on a floor plate 3 made equally of concrete. For fixing the sleeper 1 on the floor plate 3, the intermediate space present between two adjacent concrete sleepers 1 may be filled with concrete filling not shown here. The fixing system used for fixing the rail S on the crossbar 1 comprises the individual parts explained below.

An elastic intermediate layer 4 is placed on the flat upper side 2 of the concrete sleeper 1 and is oriented centrally relative to the rail S, seen transversely to the longitudinal extension of the rail S. The width B of the intermediate layer 4 is in this case is greater than the width of the rail skate 5 of the rail S, so that the intermediate layer 4 protrudes on both sides of the rail skate 5. The intermediate layer 4 respectively has an opening 6, 7 in the regions protruding from the skate of rail.

A pressure distribution plate 8 made of steel or an iron foundry material, the size of which is seen in plan view is equal to the size of the elastic intermediate layer 4, is placed superficially covering the intermediate layer 4. Like the intermediate layer 4, also the pressure distribution plate 8 has an opening 9, 10 in the region of its sections protruding respectively from the rail, which are oriented congruently to the openings 6, 7 of the intermediate layer 4. The pressure distribution plate 8 is sized so that its bending is only minimal by the loads V that appear in the vertical direction when the rail S is crossed and the loads V are distributed evenly over the intermediate layer 4.

Two angular guidance plates 11, 12 respectively have a central section 13 that is wider than the section of the pressure distribution plate 8, present between the openings 9, 10 and the narrow sides respectively adjacent thereto. On the side assigned to the rail skate 5, support ribs 13, 14 are directed downwards in the central section. The height of the support ribs 13, 14 is greater than the joint thickness of the intermediate layer 4 and the pressure distribution plate 8. At the same time on this side a support section 15 directed upwardly extends, with the that the angular guidance plates 11, 12 are in contact with the side of the rail skid 5 respectively assigned thereto c0n the completely mounted fixing system. On its side opposite the rail skate 5 the angular guidance plates 11, 12 become a rib section in which support ribs 16, 17 directed downwards are formed. In the angular guidance plates 11, 12, a passage opening is respectively formed, which is oriented aligned with the corresponding opening 6, 7 or 9, 10 of the intermediate layer 4 and of the pressure distribution rods 8.

The lateral support of the angular guidance plates 11, 12 is carried out by means of a respective support square 18, 19 belonging to the fixing system. The support brackets 18, 19 respectively have a support section 20 resting on the upper side 2 of the concrete crossbar 1, a support section 21 in contact with the corresponding angular guidance plate 11, 12 and four reinforcing ribs 22 arranged at the same distance between the support section 20 and the support section 21. On the lower edge of the support section 21, assigned to the upper side 2 of the concrete crossbar 1, protrusions 22 are formed oriented at a right angle to the support section 21, directed forward and resting with its lower side also on the upper side 2 of the concrete crossbar 1.

In the mounting of the fixing system, the angular guidance plates 11, 12 are guided with their support ribs 16, 17 through the opening 6, 7 or 9, 10 of the intermediate plate 4 and the distribution plate of the pressure 8, so that they rest on the upper side 2 of the concrete crossbar 1. Then the corresponding support square 18, 19 slides laterally along the angular guide plate 11, 12 respectively assigned thereto, until that its support section 21 is in contact with the corresponding angular guidance plate 11, 12 and the projections 22 are positioned below the support ribs 13, 14. Then the support brackets 18, 19 are screwed with the cross member concrete 1. To do this, first of all, in a hole correspondingly arranged in the concrete crossbar 1, a plastic block 23 is placed in which a fixing screw 24 guided through the shaped passage hole is then screwed in the support section 20 of the support brackets 18, 19.

A layer 25 of an electrically insulating material is additionally arranged between the rail skate 5 and the pressure distribution plate 8, which prevents an electrically conductive connection between the pressure distribution plate 8 and the rail S.

In the angular guidance plates 11, 12, shape elements, such as protuberances and grooves, are configured in a manner known per se, which are adapted to the guidance and lateral support of the sections of a respective configura-shaped spring element 26, 27, placed on the corresponding angular guide plate 11, 12. The spring elements 26, 27, also called clamping devices, press in the fully assembled state with the free ends of their clamping arms on the upper side of the rail skate 5, so that the rail S is elastically retained in the vertical direction For securing the spring elements 26, 27, a clamping screw 28, 29 is respectively provided, which with its screw head acts on the central section of the corresponding spring element 26, 27 and with its rod driven through the corresponding opening of the angular guide plates 11, 12 and the openings 6, 7 or 9, 10 of the intermediate layer 4 and the pressure distribution plate 8 is screwed into a plug 30, which is inserted into a hole correspondingly formed in the concrete crossbar 1. In figures 1 and 2, the spring element 26 is shown in the fully secured position and the spring element 27 in the position prepared for clamping.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 3, the fixing system comprises, as in the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, an elastic intermediate layer 31, a pressure distribution plate 32 disposed on the intermediate layer 31 and which completely covers it, two plates angle guides 33, 34 configured according to the angular guide plates 11, 12, two support brackets 35, 36 configured according to the support brackets 17, 18, screws 37, 38 for fixing the support brackets 35, 36 on the flat top side of the concrete sleeper 39, two spring elements 40, 41, fastening screws 42, 43 for securing the spring elements 38, 39, as well as an electrically insulating layer 44 that is positioned between the rail skate 5 of the rail S to be fixed and of the pressure distribution plate 32.

Unlike the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, the fixing system shown in Fig. 3 serves to fix a rail that belongs to a change of track and is arranged in the region of movement of the needle of the change of track Z. For this purpose, a pressure seat is configured in the pressure distribution plate track in the form of an elevation 45, whose upper side forms the sliding surface 46 on which the needle of the track change can be moved by sliding here and there. In the region between the base surface 47 on which the rail slide 5 rests and the elevated sliding surface 46, a fixing point 48 is provided in the form of a threaded bolt fixedly connected with the pressure distribution plate 32.

The fixing of the rail S on its side opposite the elevation 45 is carried out by means of the angular guide plate 33, the spring element 40, the clamping screw 42, the support square 35 and the screw 37, as well as described for The exemplary embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2. In this case the angular guide plate 33 engages with its support ribs assigned to the rail skate in the openings of the pressure distribution plate 32 and elastic intermediate layer 31 which they are formed, as in the pressure distribution plate 8 and the intermediate layer 4, in the section of the pressure distribution plate 8 and intermediate layer 4, which protrudes laterally from the rail skate.

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

40

Four. Five

fifty

The fixing of the rail S on the side of the rail skate 5 assigned to the lift 45 is carried out by means of another clamping device 49 in the form of ω, which in this case also belongs to the fixing system and which is tensioned in its central part by a clamping nut 50 at the fixing point 48, so that with the free ends of its spring arms it applies the necessary retention force on the rail skate 5.

The elastic retention of the pressure distribution plate 32 on its side opposite the rail S is carried out by means of the angular guide plate 34, the spring element 41, the clamping screw 43, the support square 36 and the screw

38. For this purpose, the pressure distribution plate 32 and the elastic intermediate layer 31 below also have sections protruding laterally on this side, in which an opening 51 is formed which leads to the upper side of the crossbeam. concrete 39. In this opening 51 the angular guide plate 34 engages with its support ribs assigned to the pressure distribution plate. The lateral support of the angular guide bale 34 is realized by the support square 36, as described for the exemplary embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2. After tensioning the free ends of the spring arms of the spring element 41 rest on the upper side of the pressure distribution plate 32 and thus exert the necessary retention forces for elastic retention on the pressure distribution plate 32.

In fig. 4 a fixing system is shown which is suitable for fixing adjacent S, S2 rails arranged, as they are present, for example, in the heart region of the road deviations.

For this purpose, the fixing system in question comprises an elastic intermediate layer 53, located on the flat upper side of the concrete crossbar 52, a pressure distribution plate 54 that superficially covers the intermediate layer 53, two angular guidance plates 55, 56 configured according to the angular guide plates 11, 12, two support brackets 57, 58 configured according to the support brackets 17, 18, screws 59, 60 for fixing the support brackets 57, 58 in the flat top side of the concrete sleeper 52, two spring elements 61, 62, fastening screws 63, 64 for fastening the spring elements 61, 62, as well as two electrically insulating layers 65, 66 that are located respectively between the rail skates 5, 67 of the rails S, S2 to be fixed and the pressure distribution plate 54.

The pressure distribution plate 54 and the elastic intermediate layer 53 protrude in this case respectively laterally from the rail skate 5 of the rail S and the rail skate 67 of the rail S2. In the protruding sections of the pressure distribution plate 54 and of the intermediate layer 53, an opening is formed respectively that passes to the upper side of the concrete cross member 52.

The fixing of the rails S, S2 is carried out on the side of the corresponding rail skate 5, 67, opposite of the respective other rail S, S2, by means of the angular guide plates 55, 56, the support brackets 57, 58, the screws 59, 60 for fixing the support brackets 57, 58, the spring elements 61, 62 and the fastening screws 63, 64 for securing the spring elements 61, 62, as described for the example of embodiment represented in figures 1 and 2. In fig. 4, in this case, a completely assembled fastener is shown on the left side, while the fastener is located on the right side in preparation for tensioning the spring element 62.

To secure the rails S, S2 also on their sides assigned to each other, in the region between the support surfaces of the rail skates 5, 67, two fixing points 68, 69 are provided in the form of threaded bolts on the plate of Pressure distribution 54. At these fixing points 68, 69, the clamping devices 70, 71 are also tensioned in the form of ω, which belongs to the fixing system in question, respectively, by means of a clamping nut 72, 73, so that with the free ends of its spring arms apply the necessary retention force on the rail skate 5 or 67.

Reference List

one

Concrete sleeper

2

Top side

3

Floor plate

4

Intermediate layer

5

Rail skate

6, 7

Openings

8

Pressure distribution plate

9, 10

Openings

11, 12

Angular Guiding Plates

13, 14 Support ribs Support section of angular guidance plates 11, 12

16, 17

Support nerves

18, 19

Support brackets

twenty

Support section

twenty-one

Support section

22

Reinforcement nerves

2. 3

Plastic block

24

Fixing screw

25

Electrically insulating layer

26, 27

Spring elements

28, 29

Clamping screws

30

Taco

31

Intermediate layer

32

Pressure distribution plate

33, 34

Angular Guiding Plates

35, 36

Support brackets

37, 38

Screws

39

Concrete sleeper

40, 41

Spring elements

42, 43

Clamping screws

44

Electrically insulating layer

Four. Five

Elevation of pressure distribution plate 32

46

Sliding surface

47

Base surface

48

Fixing point

49

Clamping device

fifty

Clamping nut

51

Opening

52

Concrete sleeper

53

Intermediate layer

54

Pressure distribution plate

55, 56

Angular Guiding Plates

57, 58

Support brackets

59, 60

Screws

61, 62

Spring elements

63, 64

Clamping screws

65, 66

Electrically insulating layers

67

S2 rail rail skate

5

68, 69 Fixing points

70, 71

Clamping devices

72, 73

Clamping nuts

B

Width of intermediate layer 4

10

S Rail

S2

Rail

V

Loads acting in the vertical direction

Z

Track change needle

Claims (10)

1.-System for the fixation of a rail (S, S2), in particular a rail (S, S2) of a change of track, on a solid, inelastic foundation, and flat configuration, - with an intermediate layer (4, 31, 53) composed of an elastic material, which is located on the solid foundation in the fully assembled system, - with a pressure distribution plate (8, 32, 54) that is located on the intermediate layer (4, 31, 53) in the fully assembled system and on its upper side opposite the intermediate layer (4, 31, 53) rest the rail (S, S2) to be fixed with its rail skid (5, 67) in the fully assembled system, -in which the elastic intermediate layer and the pressure plate (8, 32, 54) are wider than the rail skate (5, 67), - with at least one angular guidance plate (11, 12, 33, 34, 55, 56) that in the fully assembled system is on the solid foundation and can absorb the transverse forces that appear when the rail is crossed (S, S2) for a railway vehicle, -with a spring element (26, 27, 40, 41, 61, 62) resting on the angular guide plate (11, 12, 33, 34, 55, 56) in the fully assembled system and having two retention arms with which the spring element (26, 27, 40, 41, 61, 62) exerts a retention force on the fully assembled system, and -with a clamping element (28, 29, 42, 43, 63, 64) that holds the spring element (26, 27, 40, 41, 61, 62) in the fully assembled system, -in which to each angular guidance plate (11, 12, 33, 34, 55, 56) is assigned a support square (18, 19, 35, 36, 57, 58) that is fixedly connected with the foundation by means of a fixation means in the fully assembled system and supports the angular guidance plate (11, 12, 33, 34, 55, 56) laterally against the transverse forces absorbed by it, characterized because - the angular guidance plate is in lateral contact with the rail skate (5, 67) of the rail (S, S2) in the fully assembled system, -the intermediate layer (4, 31, 53) and the pressure plate (8, 32, 54) have an opening (6, 7, 9, 10) protruding laterally from the rail skate (5, 67). , -the angular guidance plate (11, 12, 33, 34, 55, 56) has a support rib (13, 14) which, passing through the openings (6, 7, 9, 10), rests on the solid foundation in the fully assembled system, and -the section of the angular guidance plate (11, 12, 33, 34, 55, 56) that overlaps with the pressure plate (8, 32, 54) in the fully assembled system is kept at a distance from the plate pressure (8, 32, 54). 2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the solid foundation can be formed by a concrete crossbeam (1, 39, 52), whose upper side is configured flat at least in the region of the space occupied by the fully assembled system. 3. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an electrically insulating layer (25, 65, 66) is arranged between the rail skate and the pressure plate in the fully assembled system. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support square (18, 19, 35, 36, 57, 58) has a first support section (20) assigned to the solid foundation, a support section (21 ) arranged here at an angle, in contact with the angular guidance plate (11, 12, 33, 34, 55, 56) in the fully assembled system and at least one reinforcement rib (22) extending between the support section (20) and the support section (21). 5. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises two pairs of angular guidance plates (11, 12, 33, 34, 55, 56) and support brackets (18, 19, 35, 36, 57, 58 ), of which each is assigned to one of the sides of the rail skate (5, 67) in the fully assembled system. 6. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rail (S) to be fixed is part of a change of track, because the pressure plate (32) has a base surface (47), on which the rail (S) with its rail skate (5) in the fully assembled system, and a sliding surface (46), raised relative to the base surface (47), for a track change needle. 7. System according to claim 6, characterized in that the pressure plate (32) has a fixing point (48) arranged in the region between the base surface (47) and the high sliding surface and because the system comprises another element of clamping (50) to be fixed at the fixing point and a second spring element (49) than in 5 The fully assembled system is held by the other fastener (50) and acts on the rail skid (5) on the side opposite the first spring element (40). 8. System according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that it comprises two groups of angular guidance plate (33, 34), spring element (40, 41), clamping element (42, 43) and support square (35 , 36), of which one is assigned directly to the rail (S) to be fixed, while the other group is assigned to the other side of the pressure plate (32) 10 and the elastic element (41) corresponding to this group acts on the pressure plate (32). 9. System according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in the completely assembled system two rails (S, S2) are arranged at a distance from each other together on the same pressure plate (54). 10. System according to claim 9, characterized in that the pressure plate (54) has two fixing points (68, 69) in the intermediate space present between the spaces occupied by the rail skates (5, 67) in the system 15 completely assembled, and because the system comprises two additional fasteners (72, 73) to be fixed at the fixing points (68, 69), as well as two additional spring elements (70, 71), of which each it is attached by the fastener (72, 73) assigned to it and acts on the rail skid (5, 67) of the rail (S, S2) respectively assigned to it, on the side opposite the respective first spring element ( 61, 62).