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WO2007080356A1 - Fabrication de pastilles de minerai metallique carbone - Google Patents

Fabrication de pastilles de minerai metallique carbone Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007080356A1
WO2007080356A1 PCT/GB2006/000078 GB2006000078W WO2007080356A1 WO 2007080356 A1 WO2007080356 A1 WO 2007080356A1 GB 2006000078 W GB2006000078 W GB 2006000078W WO 2007080356 A1 WO2007080356 A1 WO 2007080356A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pellets
binder
pellet
metal ore
carbon
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB2006/000078
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John Gilbert Kenneth
John Samuel Webster
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SOLSYS Ltd
Original Assignee
SOLSYS Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SOLSYS Ltd filed Critical SOLSYS Ltd
Priority to EA200801522A priority Critical patent/EA015368B1/ru
Priority to BRPI0620976-9A priority patent/BRPI0620976A2/pt
Priority to CNA2006800508027A priority patent/CN101365813A/zh
Priority to CA 2635025 priority patent/CA2635025A1/fr
Priority to PCT/GB2006/000078 priority patent/WO2007080356A1/fr
Priority to AU2006334542A priority patent/AU2006334542A1/en
Publication of WO2007080356A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007080356A1/fr
Priority to GB0810335A priority patent/GB2446346B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
    • C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
    • C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
    • C22B1/243—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders inorganic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
    • C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
    • C22B1/244—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic
    • C22B1/245—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic with carbonaceous material for the production of coked agglomerates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a metal ore product and a process for making same.
  • the steel making industry is a large and important industry in the world.
  • Steel production at an integrated steel plant involves three basic steps. Firstly, the carbon source used to melt iron ore is produced. Next the iron ore is melted in a furnace. Finally, the molten iron is processed to produce steel .
  • Coke is a common source of the carbon used to melt and reduce iron ore. Coke production begins with pulverized, bituminous coal .
  • metal ore 'fines' As much as 10 or 20% of ore processing and grinding can result in 'fines' (generally about less than 2-3mm) or ultra fines (micron or sub-micron size). Like coal fines, metal ore fines are unsuitable for subsequent industrial processes, and are generally deemed to be waste material.
  • One known process for their use involves rolling, roasting and subsequent heating the fines to a very high temperature in order to form ore 'marbles'. However, significant machinery is required for this process, and it is not generally economically viable to pursue.
  • a process for producing metal ore pellets from a particulate carbon-based material, a metal ore material, and a silicate-based binder which includes one or more surfactants comprising of the steps of:
  • silicate-based binder which includes one or more surfactants allows the process of the present invention to create pellets at ambient temperature. Forming metal ore pellets at ambient temperature has not been achievable by any prior art process.
  • the pellets are 'firm' or 'rigid' in the sense that they are handleable, and are able to be stored, stacked, and/or transported immediately, without requiring any separate active curing step or steps . That is, the pellets cure without any assistance or further treatment, especially heat and/or pressure treatment.
  • the prior art processes required iron ore lumps to be formed by aggressive rolling, roasting and high heating with heat and/or (forced air) pressure before such lumps were rigid and handleable.
  • the pellets of the present invention could be used and/or transported immediately after forming.
  • the tumbling action serves to " agglomerate the particles and bind the mixture into the pellets, usually with a variable size distribution.
  • No mechanical compression force is required, (with its attendant low production rate and high cost) , and the process of the present invention can be carried out at ambient temperature.
  • no additional equipment is required for any active second stage treatment, or to provide an elevated temperature. This naturally eliminates the need for a power source, e.g. fuel to be burnt, to create the elevated temperature, which action is usually a significant economic requirement of an industrial process.
  • the binder of the present invention allows the pellets of the present invention to be formed and to cure in a ⁇ cold fusion' process. That is, the pellets can be formed and cure without the need for any external heat input.
  • the present invention is particularly advantageous by being able to be a 'single stage' process, avoiding the need for any pre-mixing or treatment of the constituents involved, and the requirement for any post-forming treatment.
  • a single stage process reduces the requirements needed to set up a plant adapted to provide the process of the present invention, and lowers the costs of operation by having a single stage process which is run at ambient temperature.
  • the present invention is also advantageous in using inorganic binders, as opposed to the generally organic materials used as binders in prior art processes.
  • the use of inorganic binders reduces the complexity of the process, and again reduces the need for any pre-treatment or mixing of binder materials.
  • the use of an inorganic silicate-based binder has two further advantages. Firstly, such binders do not impact on the burn quality of the carbonaceous material (as they do not burn) , in contrast with organic materials such as starches, (which do burn, and which therefore effect the burn quality and thus heat content value of the formed material) . Such binders are also clear of any environmental implications (as they do not burn) , again in contrast with organic binders .
  • the pellets can also cure to provide the final form of the pellets .
  • such curing can occur at ambient temperature, and can also occur without any active and/or separate curing step, especially a heat treatment step as used in the prior art.
  • the pellets will cure over time without any external influence. Thus, they could be allowed to stand, for example, for some time, such as 1-10 days, at a suitable position or location, whilst curing occurs after the tumbling. Like concrete, curing may continue for some time, for example over several days, but the invention provides pellets with sufficient solidity after tumbling, that they are ready to-be stored, stacked, transported, used, " etc as they cure.
  • the concept of curing as used herein includes any drying required of the formed pellets in addition to the chemical process occurring at at least the surface of the pellets as they are being formed, preferably to provide a hardened shell. As such, it is not intended that the present invention provides any separate drying step or action, (being in relation to one or more liquid materials or substances, such as water, evaporating from the pellets as they are formed and cured) . Any such post pellet-forming drying action is regarded as secondary or minor compared to the act of forming and curing the pellets .
  • the process provides pellets having a hardened outer portion, skin, casing or shell. More preferably, the interior of the pellets is dry, and wholly or substantially has a small, preferably micro, aerated or porous form. That is, the action of the surfactant to draw the silicate binder to the surface of the pellets as they are being formed creates air pockets and bubbles in the interior, the benefit of which is discussed hereinafter.
  • water is part of the material and binder mixture, either by being part of the material, part of the binder, added separately, or a combination of any of these.
  • the amount of water needed or desired for the process of the present invention may depend upon the nature of the particulate material and the binder.
  • the heat content of coal can be directly linked to the moisture content. Therefore, the heat content of high grade anthracite with a moisture content of 15% will have a heat content of 26-33 ⁇ rj/kg on a moist mineral-matter free basis. At the other end of the scale, lignite, the lowest rank of coal, will have a moisture content of up to 45%, with a heat content of only 10-20 mj/kg on a moist, mineral matter free basis.
  • the present invention can use any type of ⁇ wet' or 'dry' particulate carbon-based material, although any wet material preferably has a maximum water content of 10-15%.
  • a moisture level can be achieved by grinding, which has a drying effect, (although the power required therefor is a lot lower than the power required for grinding coal to a powderous form ready for burning in a power station or the like) .
  • Such material is generally still regarded in the art as being ⁇ wet', especially in relation to e.g. the briquetting process, which requires its material to be absolutely dry.
  • 8 material may be derived from a wet fuel source, such as peat and coal tailings dams, and any reduction in 0 the amount of drying needed (compared with for 1 example the briquetting process) reduces the overall energy input required to form the fuel product.
  • a wet fuel source such as peat and coal tailings dams
  • the process of the present invention is directly 5 usable with moisture-rich coal fines and similar 6 products, as any water content of the binder can be 7 reduced in line with the level of moisture in the 8 coal without affecting the process.
  • their hardened shell 0 wholly or substantially stops or significantly 1 reduces water ingress, especially if waterproofing 2 additives are used.
  • the pellets 3 can have a moisture content of at least half that of 4 the particulate " starting material, and possibly less 5 than 5%, and thus be sufficiently dry for immediate 6 and easy grinding to form a suitable fuel product 7 for a power station.
  • the present invention provides a process whereby with consideration of the type and amount of binder (s) used, and the process parameters, a fuel material can be provided which has a desired or pre-determined burn value or the like, which, in particular, could suit the local economic conditions for the fuel source. Different locations and countries mine different types and grades of coal, and they therefore use such coals in different ways in order to try and maximise their economic value.
  • the present invention provides a particular advantageous process to benefit what is currently regarded as a waste material from current industrial processes.
  • the present invention also provides significant moisture reduction in a fuel product, converting an inefficient fuel product into an efficient fuel product.
  • the -amount of water -for the process is adjusted in the binder component prior to its admixing with the other materials.
  • the calculation of this binder to water adjustment is dependent on the moisture content of the particulate material.
  • the particulate carbon-based material is generally of a maximum size or grade of 3mm or lower.
  • Coal 'dust' or 'fines' can often be of a sub-micron size.
  • the particulate material has a range of sizes or grades,- preferably biased towards fine or finer particle sizes.
  • Carbon-based particulate material suitable for the present invention can be accepted wet or dry, and could be provided by any type of maceral fuel, including peat and lignite through to sub-bituminous coals, anthracite fines, petroleum coke fines and the like, as well as sewerage wastes, biomass, animal wastes and other hydrocarbon materials that could be considered a fuel source.
  • the particulate material may also be a combination of two or more starting materials or 'ingredients', not necessarily premixed, and such as those hereinbefore mentioned, so as to provide 'hybrid' pellets.
  • Suitable materials also include low grade or processed fuels, as well as hitherto 'waste' products, whose clean combustion would help lower overall ⁇ pollution levels:
  • the present invention is not affected by high ash content or sulphur content in the particulate material.
  • any suitable silicate-based binder can be used for the present invention, which binder may be a homogeneous or heterogeneous material, such as cements and raw silicates like calcium, sodium or potassium.
  • the process may include the addition of one or more further ingredients into the mix, either separately or integrally with the binder.
  • Such further ingredients include lime, inorganic binders, cements, and waterproofing additives.
  • a cementitious material can assist in the green-strength of the pellets, and possibly in forming the hardened outer surface or shell for the pellets as described hereinafter
  • Lime or cement helps to inhibit sulphur emission upon burning of the so-formed pellets. It is a particular advantage of the present invention that the use of lime or other types of calcium hydroxide (which are known to be sulphur-absorbing agents) are admixed with the particulate carbon-based material.
  • the increased mixing of such sulphur-absorbing agents with sulphur-containing carbon-based materials reduces the need for any sulphur-absorbing apparatus such as scrubbers and the like at the end of a fuel-burning process .
  • the present invention can achieve a reduction of sulphur emission (usually in the form of sulphur dioxide) by 70-90%, or possibly more.
  • metal ores which are mined and extracted for use in industrial processes. All such ores are useable with the present invention as metal ore material, either individually or in any combination of metal ores, optionally with the same or different metals, and collectively referred to herein as ⁇ metal ore material'.
  • metal ore material One well known ore is iron ore, which is a starting material in the production of steel.
  • Iron can be extracted from its ores by a carbothermic reaction (i.e. reduction with carbon) in a blast furnace at temperatures of about 2000 0 C.
  • a carbothermic reaction i.e. reduction with carbon
  • iron ore, carbon possibly in the form of coke as mentioned above, and a flux such as limestone, are fed into the furnace, while a blast of heated air is forced into the furnace at the bottom.
  • the coke acting as the source of carbon, reacts with oxygen in the air blast to produce carbon monoxide, which reduces the iron ore.
  • the flux is present to melt impurities in the ore.
  • the present invention provides the ability for the source of carbon required for ore extraction to be already combined with the iron ore, as well as using two materials previously considered to be 'waste' .
  • the pellets of the present invention are " in a " suitable size and shape for direct introduction into a furnace, and for the subsequent heating step, and smelting.
  • the particulate carbon-based material provides at least one source of carbon for metal reduction, and a carbon fuel.
  • a similar action can be carried out for processes involving other metals such as copper or nickel, to be extracted from their ores where a carbon-based material is required to reduce the metal to its elemental form, or where any other reaction with a carbon-based material is desired.
  • the present invention also allows the particulate carbon-based material to be 'fuel' to heat the ore for a process other than metal extraction.
  • a sulphur-absorbing agent into the pellet-forming process, along with any grinding of the pellets for subsequent use, provides two particular advantages. Firstly, the ability of the process of the present invention to provide wholly or substantially 'dry' pellets reduces the energy input required to effect the grinding of the pellets prior to their burning, as described above, and secondly, grinding of the pellets increases the mixing of the sulphur-absorbing agent (s) with the carbon-based material, thus increasing the efficiency of the sulphur-absorption, and so reducing the sulphur-emission.
  • the process of the present invention can further - include the step of grinding, " crushing or otherwise particularising the pellets, preferably in a form ready to use in a carbon-burning situation.
  • the particulate carbon-based material, metal ore material, and binder, and any other separate reagents or ingredients to be added can be admixed using any known process or arrangement, including simple mixing. Because the next part of the process is a tumbling action, absolute homogeneous mixing of the reagents or ingredients prior to the tumbling is not essential, as the tumbling action will generally further the mixing action if necessary or desired. " In some circumstances, the admixing may at least partly occur during the tumbling action, such that the actions of the invention may not be wholly distinct.
  • the binder is coated on to the materials .
  • One method of coating is to spray the binder on to the materials .
  • the materials are moving prior to and/or during mixing with the binder, and/or the materials are in a dispersed arrangement.
  • a falling curtain of the materials such as at conveyor transfers, inside pelletising drums or pans, and from stockpile load outs, etc.
  • the particulate material, metal ore material and binder are directly and/or immediately undergo tumbling after their contact with each other.
  • the tumbling action serves to agglomerate the materials and binder mixture to form particles of greater and greater size, generally having a spherical or ovoid shape.
  • the size of the so-formed pellets can be adjusted based on the process conditions for tumbling, such as rotation speed, moisture content, impact force and residence time.
  • the pellets could also be screened and/or recycled during or after pelletising to produce a desired, e.g. narrower, size distribution.
  • Rotary drums are well known in the art . Their output can be dependent upon the length, diameter, speed of rotation and angle of mounting of the drum, and the output can vary from single figure tonnes per hour, to hundreds of tonnes per hour per drum.
  • agglomerator drums such as pan, rotary and conical drums
  • process variations to provide variation in the products formed. See for example UK Patent No 787993.
  • Rotary drums have low capital and low operating costs, especially in comparison with briquetting and other solid-forming machinery or plants. They can even be provided in mobile form, such that the process of the present invention " can be provided where desired or necessary, e.g. moved and located to where one or both of the materials are currently stored or 'dumped', rather than requiring significant movement (and therefore cost) for transporting a or the materials to a fixed processing site.
  • the agglomeration action may be carried out in one or more stages, which stages could be connected, such as the tumbling conditions changing in the same drum, or the materials being fed directly into another agglomerator . Or, such actions could be separate.
  • the tumbling conditions are variable or varied for each stage. The conditions may be altered either in a continuous manner or action, or discretely.
  • one or more rotary drums may be used for the agglomeration, preferably in series .
  • the surfactant (s) serve to draw the silicate-based binder towards the surface of the forming pellets, such that as they are created and start to cure, the pellets will form and then continue to have a harder outer portion, skin, shell or surface, compared to their interior.
  • the pellets have a variable density towards the core; the density being greater at the surface.
  • the 'shell' layer or portion will generally have a high density in comparison with the lower density of the 'interior'.
  • the pellets have sufficient hardness once formed to allow handling, stacking and/or transportation without any significant breakage .
  • the curing of the pellets may start during or be part of the agglomeration action.
  • the method of the present invention may include one or more sizing steps. That is, to grade the size of the so-formed pellets to that desired or necessary. This could include extracting those pellets which are damaged or undersized, which pellet material could be recycled back into the process of the present invention.
  • This could include extracting those pellets which are damaged or undersized, which pellet material could be recycled back into the process of the present invention.
  • the present invention can form this fine coal and fine metal ore(s) into approximately 50mm pellets with very low moisture, without any change to the chemical properties of the coal or ore(s) .
  • the pellets can used then be handled, transported and used as normal 'lump' coal and metal ore(s) .
  • the formed pellets could be rested for some time, possibly a number of days such as 3-7 days, to provide or allow for curing to finish. Like other curing products, the pellets continue to cure to gain strength over time, such as a further number of days or weeks.
  • a pellet product formable at ambient temperature by agglomeration of a particulate carbon-based material, a metal ore material, and a silicate-based binder including one or more surfactants .
  • the pellet product of the present invention is a material which is easily storable. It is also easily transportable due to its variable diameter distribution. This enhances stacking concentration, which also reduces abrasion and consequential breakage of the pellets .
  • the product is formed from currently 'waste' materials, thereby increasing the efficiency of current metal ore and solid-fuel extraction and production.
  • the product preferably allows a very high percentage of combustion (possibly 100% combustion) , so as to leave little or no combustible fuel in the ash.
  • coal fines and iron ore fines are carried along and any dry reagents are added thereto. They then fall from the end of a conveyor belt.
  • the liquid binder is sprayed onto the falling curtain of fines, which together fall into a rotating drum, generally l-5m (such as 3m) in diameter. As the mixture tumbles while being sprayed with the binder and water mixture, it forms small pellets which agglomerate and grow, forming pellets of desired shape and size.
  • the drum can be lined with loosely fitting heavy duty rubber sheet to avoid material sticking to the sides of the drum.
  • the drum is set at an incline (e.g. 1-3%) to aid progression of the pellets therealong, and to control the residence time in the drum.
  • the completed pellets exit at the opposite end of the drum onto another conveyor.
  • Pellets can be varied in size with only operational drum adjustments (speed of rotation, moisture content and longitudinal drum angle which directly affects residence time in the drum) . Expensive mould changes, such as in present briquetting operations, are not required to vary the product dimensions .
  • Some forming and even some curing may take place in another rotating drum, similar to but having a larger diameter than the agglomerating drum. It may also- be of greater diameter and longer than the agglomeration drum.
  • the pellets progress slowly through the drum, allowing sufficient time for the pellets to initially cure or receive surface treatment, and thereby allow immediate handling and stacking.
  • the residence time within this drum is dependent on the coal and iron ore characteristics, and its use can be determined in pre-production tests. Should the green strength of the pellets be poor, certain additional binders or cementitious chemicals can be added to rapidly speed-up the curing process, and thereby give quicker and stronger initial green strength to aid handling, or handleability, etc.
  • Broken and undersized pellets can be removed using for instance a slotted section of drum or a vibrating screen at the drum exit. The damaged and undersized pellets can then be returned to the agglomerating drum for reprocessing.
  • pellets can be further graded to the desired cross section if necessary. Any damaged and undersized pellets can then be returned to the agglomerating drum for reprocessing.
  • the pellet sizing could even be designed to be made dependent upon proposed use.
  • the pellet size can be adjusted by means of changes to process conditions, equipment configuration, and even reagent dosage.
  • the pellets can then be stockpiled for curing. During this " time, generally between 3-7 days for coal fine pellets, and depending on ambient temperature, the pellets reach such strength as to allow full handling. No heating or force draught drying is required.
  • the spherical shape of the pellets will allow air to move freely through the stockpile to assist the curing process and prevent heat build up and the risk of spontaneous combustion.
  • the pellet surface is also tightly sealed, preventing air ingress into the pellets, and so also slowing the effect or chance of any spontaneous combustion. If spontaneous combustion is still a problem, preventative reagents can be added during agglomeration.
  • a further advantage of the present invention is the very complete combustion of the contained fuel in the pellets due to the high gas transfer rates and the maintenance of the integral structure of the pellets until combustion is complete.
  • the retaining hardened shell, skin, etc allows for significant heat increase or build-up inside the pellet, causing very high levels of combustion, resulting in the completion of any pre-designed chemical reactions in the interior content of the pellet.
  • the pellets maintain their form even at white heat, and show very stable combustion characteristics.
  • the process of the present invention can involve no forced drying of the pellets because the action of any surfactant (s) used is maximised in ambient temperatures.
  • the surfactant causes the binder-containing moisture to rapidly migrate to the surface of the pellet by capillary action, giving the 'egg shell' effect of a hardened surface and softer interior, due to the final heavy surface concentration of the binder. This results in a significantly enhanced skin strength, giving a very robust and low moisture content pellet (approximately 5%) , which also resists moisture absorption from the air.
  • One further application of the present process is lowering the feed moisture of pulverised coal fuels in ore procesing, where the coal fines or coal tailings are pelletised and allowed to thoroughly cure and dry before being pulverised and burnt in a furnace.
  • the general moisture content found in current coal fines dumps is usually in the range 12- 35%, making them very difficult to use or blend with other feeds.
  • the process of the present invention overcomes or solves a number of financial and operational problems .
  • the pellet will retain its strength even during white heat combustion. This allows high temperature reactions to take place inside the pellet resulting in much higher levels of combustion of the fuel, giving effective oxidation and sequestration of any contained sulphur, and negligible unburnt carbon levels in the residue ash.
  • the shell effect allows the pellet to retain its structure during combustion, resulting in less particulate emissions in the flue gas.
  • the present invention provides significant benefits compared with present technologies, including:
  • coal/lignite fines can be pelletised dry or direct from a filtration plant.
  • Tonnage throughput can be from 10 tones per hour (community size) up to 100 tonnes per hour per pelletising line.
  • High level of automation can be used during pelletising for accurate control and reagent usage.
  • Pellets can be handled by bulk handling equipment when cured or alternatively bagged when ⁇ green' .
  • Pellet size can be customised from 5mm to 150mm if required depending upon coal characteristics and process parameters .
  • Special heavy duty reagents can be added for high strength, for rapid cure, for high temperature strength, and for enhanced water resistance.
  • Residual ash can also be pelletised with similar binder reagents for concrete feedstock, aggregate blending and high porosity landfill.
  • Lignite and peat can be treated with identical technology or can be blended with other fuel sources to create hybrid pellet fuels with pre- designed characteristics such as smokeless burning.
  • the present invention is usable with all types of coal fines, which will have a varying amount of moisture and sulphur content. Generally, pellets ranging from 5-50 mm diameter are formed.
  • the present invention provides a simple but efficient process for using waste carbon-based materials and waste metal ore materials, and for forming such materials into a form which is easily and efficiently combustible.
  • Rotating drum or pan agglomerators are relatively low cost to build, and are capable of very high tonnage throughputs.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

L’invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de pastilles de minerai métallique à partir d’un matériau particulaire à base de carbone, d’un matériau de minerai métallique et d’un liant à base de silicate comprenant un ou plusieurs tensioactifs, ledit procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes : mélanger les matériaux et le liant et agglomérer le mélange ainsi formé par tonnelage afin de former les pastilles à température ambiante. L’action de tonnelage, telle que dans un tambour rotatif, permet d’agglomérer les particules et de lier le mélange pour former des pastilles. Aucune force de compression mécanique n’est nécessaire. Le procédé constitue un procédé simple mais efficace d’utilisation de matériaux usagés à base de carbone et de matériaux usagés à base de minerai métallique, et permet de former un produit utilisable, prêt à la fusion. Les tambours rotatifs et les agglomérateurs ont un coût de fabrication relativement faible et sont capables de rendements de tonnages très élevés.
PCT/GB2006/000078 2006-01-11 2006-01-11 Fabrication de pastilles de minerai metallique carbone Ceased WO2007080356A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EA200801522A EA015368B1 (ru) 2006-01-11 2006-01-11 Производство углеродсодержащих металлорудных гранул
BRPI0620976-9A BRPI0620976A2 (pt) 2006-01-11 2006-01-11 processo para produzir pelotas de minério de metal, e, produto de pelota
CNA2006800508027A CN101365813A (zh) 2006-01-11 2006-01-11 含碳金属矿石球粒的生产
CA 2635025 CA2635025A1 (fr) 2006-01-11 2006-01-11 Fabrication de pastilles de minerai metallique carbone
PCT/GB2006/000078 WO2007080356A1 (fr) 2006-01-11 2006-01-11 Fabrication de pastilles de minerai metallique carbone
AU2006334542A AU2006334542A1 (en) 2006-01-11 2006-01-11 Production of carbonaceous metal ore pellets
GB0810335A GB2446346B (en) 2006-01-11 2008-06-06 Production of carbonaceous metal ore pellets

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AU (1) AU2006334542A1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0620976A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2635025A1 (fr)
EA (1) EA015368B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2446346B (fr)
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US20120285082A1 (en) * 2010-01-01 2012-11-15 Mcgoldrick Fredrick Pellets and Processes Therefor
WO2013033805A1 (fr) * 2011-09-08 2013-03-14 Vale S.A. Application de nanotubes de carbone sur des agglomérats de fines de minerai pour augmenter la résistance mécanique
WO2016115593A1 (fr) * 2015-01-20 2016-07-28 Pelleton Ip Holdings Limited Procédé de fabrication d'un agglomérat de chromite
US20190300982A1 (en) * 2016-11-23 2019-10-03 Environmental Clean Technologies Limited Low temperature direct reduction of metal oxides via the in situ production of reducing gas
WO2021087582A1 (fr) * 2019-11-05 2021-05-14 Vale S.A. Procédé de production d'agglomérat de fines de minerai de fer et produit aggloméré
WO2025062133A1 (fr) * 2023-09-20 2025-03-27 Binding Solutions Ltd Pastille

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RU2613116C2 (ru) * 2015-04-10 2017-03-15 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Северо-Кавказский горно-металлургический институт (государственный технологический университет) (СКГМИ (ГТУ) Барабанный агрегат горячего окомкования
JP6841256B2 (ja) * 2018-03-20 2021-03-10 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 造粒物、造粒物の製造方法および焼結鉱の製造方法
GB201813370D0 (en) * 2018-08-16 2018-10-03 Binding Solutions Ltd Binder formulation

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US3153586A (en) * 1960-05-06 1964-10-20 Union Carbide Corp Slag coated ore compacts and process for making the same
US3400179A (en) * 1965-04-02 1968-09-03 Fritz O. Wienert Pellet manufacture
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WO2000075384A1 (fr) * 1999-06-03 2000-12-14 Nu-Rock Corporation S.A.R.L. Procede pour agglomerer des dechets particulaires
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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120285082A1 (en) * 2010-01-01 2012-11-15 Mcgoldrick Fredrick Pellets and Processes Therefor
US9102887B2 (en) * 2010-02-01 2015-08-11 Silform Technologies Ltd. Pellets and processes therefor
WO2013033805A1 (fr) * 2011-09-08 2013-03-14 Vale S.A. Application de nanotubes de carbone sur des agglomérats de fines de minerai pour augmenter la résistance mécanique
TWI558657B (zh) * 2011-09-08 2016-11-21 淡水河谷公司 奈米碳管應用於粉礦聚集物以增加其機械強度
RU2623523C2 (ru) * 2011-09-08 2017-06-27 Вале С.А. Применение углеродных нанотрубок в агломератах рудной мелочи для повышения механической прочности
WO2016115593A1 (fr) * 2015-01-20 2016-07-28 Pelleton Ip Holdings Limited Procédé de fabrication d'un agglomérat de chromite
US20190300982A1 (en) * 2016-11-23 2019-10-03 Environmental Clean Technologies Limited Low temperature direct reduction of metal oxides via the in situ production of reducing gas
WO2021087582A1 (fr) * 2019-11-05 2021-05-14 Vale S.A. Procédé de production d'agglomérat de fines de minerai de fer et produit aggloméré
CN113166844A (zh) * 2019-11-05 2021-07-23 淡水河谷公司 铁矿粉团块生产方法和造块产品
US12203150B2 (en) 2019-11-05 2025-01-21 Vale S.A. Process for the production of iron ore fines agglomerate and the agglomerated product
WO2025062133A1 (fr) * 2023-09-20 2025-03-27 Binding Solutions Ltd Pastille

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AU2006334542A1 (en) 2007-07-19
EA200801522A1 (ru) 2009-02-27
GB2446346B (en) 2010-09-22
EA015368B1 (ru) 2011-08-30
GB2446346A (en) 2008-08-06
CN101365813A (zh) 2009-02-11
CA2635025A1 (fr) 2007-07-19
GB0810335D0 (en) 2008-07-09
BRPI0620976A2 (pt) 2012-09-18

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