WO2006035762A1 - 共振振動デバイスの製造方法 - Google Patents
共振振動デバイスの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006035762A1 WO2006035762A1 PCT/JP2005/017722 JP2005017722W WO2006035762A1 WO 2006035762 A1 WO2006035762 A1 WO 2006035762A1 JP 2005017722 W JP2005017722 W JP 2005017722W WO 2006035762 A1 WO2006035762 A1 WO 2006035762A1
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- thickness
- etching
- substrate
- resonance frequency
- piezoelectric film
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic elements; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/02—Details
- H03H9/02244—Details of microelectro-mechanical resonators
- H03H9/02259—Driving or detection means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/0816—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements
- G02B26/0833—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements the reflecting element being a micromechanical device, e.g. a MEMS mirror, DMD
- G02B26/0858—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements the reflecting element being a micromechanical device, e.g. a MEMS mirror, DMD the reflecting means being moved or deformed by piezoelectric means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H3/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators
- H03H3/007—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators for the manufacture of electromechanical resonators or networks
- H03H3/0072—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators for the manufacture of electromechanical resonators or networks of microelectro-mechanical resonators or networks
- H03H3/0076—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators for the manufacture of electromechanical resonators or networks of microelectro-mechanical resonators or networks for obtaining desired frequency or temperature coefficients
- H03H3/0077—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators for the manufacture of electromechanical resonators or networks of microelectro-mechanical resonators or networks for obtaining desired frequency or temperature coefficients by tuning of resonance frequency
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic elements; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/24—Constructional features of resonators of material which is not piezoelectric, electrostrictive, or magnetostrictive
- H03H9/2405—Constructional features of resonators of material which is not piezoelectric, electrostrictive, or magnetostrictive of microelectro-mechanical resonators
- H03H9/2468—Tuning fork resonators
- H03H9/2494—H-shaped, i.e. two tuning forks with common base
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic elements; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/02—Details
- H03H9/02244—Details of microelectro-mechanical resonators
- H03H2009/02488—Vibration modes
- H03H2009/02519—Torsional
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/42—Piezoelectric device making
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/43—Electric condenser making
- Y10T29/435—Solid dielectric type
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49004—Electrical device making including measuring or testing of device or component part
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49005—Acoustic transducer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/4902—Electromagnet, transformer or inductor
- Y10T29/4908—Acoustic transducer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an optical scanner or other resonant vibration device that utilizes vibration of a beam.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-228965 describes a method of manufacturing a galvano device as one method of manufacturing this type of resonant vibration device.
- both the reflection mirror and the torsion bar are formed on the silicon substrate so that the reflection mirror is swingably supported by the torsion bar.
- the resonance frequency of the reflection mirror deviates from the set value force
- the reflection mirror and the torsion bar are etched, and the resonance frequency of the reflection mirror is adjusted to the set resonance frequency.
- the resonance frequency of the reflection mirror is adjusted to the set value by etching. Therefore, the process power of the alignment by such etching becomes an additional process, which causes an increase in the manufacturing process of the galvano device.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a resonant vibration device that can achieve a predetermined resonant frequency without depending on an additional process.
- a support a beam extending from the support so as to vibrate, a beam of the beam
- a configuration comprising a vibration element supported by a beam so as to resonate and vibrate with vibration is integrally formed using a substrate, and a piezoelectric element that drives the beam to vibrate is interposed between both electrodes via a piezoelectric film. It is formed into a beam with a configuration to wear.
- the resonant vibration device manufacturing method includes a thickness measurement step for measuring the thickness of the substrate, and a frequency due to the resonance vibration of the vibration element based on the thickness of the substrate measured in the thickness measurement step to a desired resonance frequency.
- the formation conditions of the piezoelectric film are determined based on the measured thickness of the substrate so that the frequency due to the resonance vibration of the vibration element becomes a desired resonance frequency, and the piezoelectric element is determined based on the formation conditions of the piezoelectric film. Is formed.
- the desired resonance frequency of the resonator element can be accurately ensured in the manufacturing process of the resonator element.
- a configuration including the vibration element (30) supported by the beam so as to resonate and vibrate at a desired resonance frequency is integrally formed using the substrate (100).
- the resonant vibration device manufacturing method includes a thickness measurement step (S121) for measuring the thickness of the substrate, and the beam forming portion of the substrate based on the thickness of the substrate measured in the thickness measurement step.
- the thickness of the substrate is measured, and the etching conditions are determined based on the measured thickness so as to obtain the predetermined resonance frequency, and the substrate is etched under the etching conditions. Even if the thickness of the substrate varies, the predetermined resonance frequency is ensured with high accuracy. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform etching on the substrate in order to ensure a predetermined resonance frequency again after the etching. As a result, it is possible to adjust the predetermined resonance frequency of the resonant vibration device to a desired value with high accuracy while eliminating the need for an extra step in the manufacturing process of the resonant vibration device.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of an optical scanner to which the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a manufacturing process of the first embodiment. 4]
- FIG. 4 is a detailed process diagram showing the piezoelectric element forming process of FIG.
- FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (g) are schematic cross-sectional views showing changes in the cross-sectional structure in the manufacturing process of the first embodiment, taken along the line AA in FIG. It is.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the resonance frequency before piezoelectric film formation and the half thickness in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the film thickness adjustment amount of the piezoelectric film and the frequency shift amount before piezoelectric film formation in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 15 A manufacturing process diagram in the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a detailed process diagram of the substrate etching process of FIG. 15.
- FIG. 17 (a) to FIG. 17 (g) are diagrams each showing a change in the cross-sectional structure in the manufacturing process of the fourth embodiment in a cross section taken along line BB in FIG. .
- FIGS. 18 (a) to 18 (g) are diagrams each showing a change in cross-sectional structure in the manufacturing process of the fourth embodiment in a cross section taken along line AA in FIG. is there.
- [19] A graph showing the relationship between the predetermined resonance frequency and the half thickness in the fourth embodiment. It is rough.
- FIG. 20 is a graph showing a relationship between a change ratio of a predetermined resonance frequency and a half thickness in the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 21 is a graph showing the relationship between the substrate thickness and the etching time in the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 22 is a drawing showing the relationship between etching time and etching amount in the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 23 is a graph showing a relationship between a predetermined resonance frequency and an additional etching amount in the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 24 is a graph showing the relationship between a predetermined resonance frequency and additional etching time in the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of an optical scanner 200 to which the manufacturing method as the first embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- the optical scanner 200 is manufactured to have the configuration shown in FIG. 1 by micromachining technology.
- the optical scanner 200 includes a plate-shaped annular frame 10, two sets of both beams 20, a disk-shaped reflection mirror 30, and two sets of both piezoelectric elements 40.
- the upper left side and the lower right side in the figure correspond to the left side and right side of the optical scanner 200, respectively.
- the upper right side and the lower side in the figure correspond to the front side and the rear side of the optical scanner 200, respectively.
- the annular frame 10 has an annular outer frame 10a and an annular inner frame 10b.
- the annular outer frame 10a is integrally formed in a rectangular shape with left and right side portions 11 and front and rear side portions 12.
- the annular inner frame 10b is inside the annular outer frame 10a and is formed integrally with the tubular outer frame 10a.
- the annular inner frame 10b has left and right middle thick portions 13 and U-shaped thin portions 14 on both front and rear sides.
- the left and right middle thick parts 13 are the longitudinal directions of the left and right side parts 11 of the outer frame 10a. Center force Extends inward so as to face each other.
- the left and right center-side thick portions 13 have the same thickness as the annular outer frame 10a.
- the front and rear thin portions 14 are formed in a U shape with both side portions 14a and connecting portions 14b as shown in FIG.
- the front and rear thin portions 14 are formed so that the back surface force of the annular outer frame 10a is thinner on the surface side than the outer frame 10a.
- the front thin portion 14 is opposed to both side portions 14a of the rear thin portion 14 through the left and right central thick portions 13 at both side portions 14a.
- the two sets of both beams 20 extend so as to face each other inward integrally from the longitudinal center of each connecting portion 14b of the front and rear thin portions 14.
- the front beams 20 integrally extend from the center in the longitudinal direction of the connecting portion 14 b of the front thin portion 14.
- the rear-side beams 20 are integrally extended from the longitudinal center of the connecting portion 14b of the rear-side thin portion 14 toward the front-side beams 20.
- the left side beam and the right side beam of the front side beams 20 are positioned coaxially with the left side beam and the right side beam of the rear side beams 20, respectively.
- the two sets of both beams 20 have the same thickness as the thin portion 14, and both the two sets of beams 20 have the same width and the same length.
- the reflection mirror 30 is integrally connected to and supported by two sets of both beams 20 by front and rear side connecting bodies 50. This connecting and supporting structure will be described in detail.
- the front and rear side connecting body 50 has a symmetrical structure with respect to the reflecting mirror 30 in the front and rear direction.
- the central force in the longitudinal direction is also formed by extending the U-shaped leg 52.
- the front connection body 50 extends forward from the reflection mirror 30 along the front-rear direction axis at the head 51, and the U-shaped leg portion 52 of the front connection body 50 Connected and supported by the front beams 20 at both ends.
- the rear coupling body 50 extends rearward along the front-rear direction from the reflecting mirror 30 at the head 51, and the U-shaped leg portions 52 of the rear coupling body 50 have both of them. It is connected and supported by the rear beams 20 at the tip.
- the reflection mirror 30 is integrally connected and supported by the two sets of beams 20 via the both connected bodies 50 as described above.
- the reflecting mirror 30 has the same thickness as that of the outer frame 10a together with the front and rear connecting parts 50.
- the front piezoelectric elements 40 are formed so that the central upper force of the connection portion 14b of the front thin portion 14 is also applied to the front both beams 20 as shown in FIG.
- the rear piezoelectric elements 40 are formed so that the central upper force of the connecting portion 14b of the rear thin portion 14 is also applied to the rear both beams 20 as shown in FIGS.
- the two sets of both piezoelectric elements 40 are each composed of piezoelectric elements having the same configuration. Accordingly, the right side piezoelectric element 40, which is one of the two rear piezoelectric elements 40, of the two sets of piezoelectric elements 40 will be described as an example with reference to FIG.
- the right piezoelectric element 40 includes a lower electrode 41, a piezoelectric film 42, and an upper electrode 43 as shown in FIG.
- the lower electrode 41 is formed on the right beam 20, which is one of the rear both beams 20, as well as the central upper force of the connecting portion 14 b of the rear thin portion 14.
- the piezoelectric film 42 is formed on the lower electrode 41 in a laminated form.
- the upper electrode 43 is laminated on the piezoelectric film 42 so as to face the lower electrode 41 with the piezoelectric film 42 interposed therebetween.
- the left side piezoelectric element 40 and the front side piezoelectric element 40 which are the other of the rear side piezoelectric elements 40, are respectively the same as the one of the rear side piezoelectric elements 40 described above. It consists of a membrane 42 and an upper electrode 43.
- the lower electrode 41, the piezoelectric film 42, and the upper electrode 43 have a central upper force at the connecting part 14b of the rear thin part 14 and the rear two beams. It is formed by laminating sequentially on the left beam 20 which is the other of 20.
- the left piezoelectric element 40 which is one of the front piezoelectric elements 40
- the lower electrode 41, the piezoelectric film 42, and the upper electrode 43 have a central upper force at the connection portion 14b of the front thin-walled portion 14 and the front double beams 2 It is formed by laminating sequentially on the left beam 20 which is one of zero.
- the right piezoelectric element 40 which is the other of the both front piezoelectric elements 40
- the lower electrode 41, the piezoelectric film 42, and the upper electrode 43 have the center upper force of the connecting portion 14b of the front thin portion 14 as well as that of the front double beams 20. It is formed by layering sequentially on the other right beam 20.
- both the front piezoelectric elements 40 are driven to twist and vibrate the front both beams 20, and the rear both piezoelectric elements 40 drive the rear both beams 20 to the front both beams 20.
- the reflecting mirror 30 is connected to both. It is oscillated oscillating with a predetermined resonance frequency by both front and rear beams 20 through the body 50. Accordingly, the reflection mirror 30 scans the light incident on the reflection surface.
- a silicon substrate 100 (see FIG. 5A) is prepared.
- the silicon substrate 100 is one of many prepared silicon substrates.
- the thickness of these many silicon substrates is within the range of about 90 (m) to: L 10 (m)! Let's rush!
- design specifications of the optical scanner are set in advance.
- the predetermined resonance frequency of the reflection mirror 30 which is one of the design specifications is set as follows.
- the thickness of the silicon substrate 100 is assumed to be constant without variation, and the front and rear beams 20 and the inner frame 10b of the silicon substrate 100 are assumed to be constant.
- the following equation (1) is used when setting a predetermined resonance frequency of the reflection mirror 30.
- ⁇ ( ⁇ / 2 ⁇ ) ⁇ ( ⁇ / ⁇ ) 1 / 2 ... hi)
- Fo is a predetermined resonance frequency of the reflection mirror 30.
- K is an elastic coefficient of the formation part of both beams 20 in the silicon substrate 100
- I is an inertia moment of the formation part of the reflection mirror 30 in the silicon substrate 100.
- ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ -a-b 3 -G / L ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (2)
- a, b, and L are the width, thickness, and length of the beam 20, respectively.
- ⁇ is the section modulus of the beam 20.
- G is the torsional rigidity of the silicon substrate 100.
- D is the diameter of the reflecting mirror 30.
- t is the thickness of the reflecting mirror 30. Is the density of the silicon substrate 100.
- the predetermined resonance frequency Fo is set in advance using the equation (1).
- the beam 20 in consideration of the fact that the thickness b of the beam 20 has a significant influence on the predetermined resonance frequency Fo in the equation (1), on the right side of the equation (1), the beam 20 Except for the thickness b, the dimensions included in K and the effect of I on the predetermined resonance frequency Fo are ignored.
- the formula (1) cannot be applied as it is due to the configuration of the optical scanner 200, the formula (1) can be applied if the moment of inertia I and the elastic coefficient K are appropriately estimated.
- the resonance frequency is usually calculated using a simulator.
- FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (g) show a change in the cross-sectional structure in the manufacturing process of the optical scanner 200 in a cross section taken along the line AA in FIG.
- the front side oxide film 110 is formed on the surface 101 of the silicon substrate 100, and the back side oxide film 110 is further formed on the back surface 102 of the silicon substrate 100. ( Figure 5 (a)).
- both resist films 110 are subjected to a photolithography process and an etching process using both resist films, and then the resist is removed from both oxide films 110.
- both oxide films 110 are formed as both oxidized pattern films 110a (see FIG. 5B).
- each reference numeral 111 indicates a cross section taken along the line AA of FIG. 1 in the surface-side oxide pattern film 110a.
- Reference numerals 112 and 113 denote cross sections taken along the line AA in FIG. 1 of the back side oxide pattern film 110a.
- the cross sections denoted by reference numerals 111 and 112 correspond to the cross section of the rear side portion of the frame 10 of the optical scanner 200, and the cross section denoted by reference numeral 113 is a cross section of the rear side beams 20 of the optical scanner 200.
- an anisotropic wet etching process is performed on the silicon substrate 100 via the two oxide film patterns 110a.
- the silicon substrate 100 is also wet etched through the surface side oxide pattern film 110a. That is, the portion of the silicon substrate 100 other than the corresponding portion with respect to the surface-side oxide pattern film 110a is wet-etched from the surface side of the silicon substrate 100.
- the silicon substrate 100 is also wet-etched with respect to the back side force via the back side oxide pattern film 110a. That is, the portion of the silicon substrate 100 other than the corresponding portion corresponding to the back-side oxide pattern film 110a is wet-etched from the back side of the silicon substrate 100.
- Both oxide pattern films 110a have different pattern shapes. Therefore, a portion of the silicon substrate 100 other than the corresponding portion corresponding to the front-side oxide pattern film 110a is wet etched to the back side of the silicon substrate 100.
- the portion of the silicon substrate 100 other than the portion corresponding to the surface-side oxide pattern film 110a (hereinafter referred to as the half portion) is half the thickness of the silicon substrate 100 (both the half thickness). !, U) is wet etched. Thereby, the silicon substrate 100 is formed as an etching substrate 100a (see FIG. 5C).
- both oxide pattern films 110a are removed from the etching substrate 100a in an oxide pattern film removal step S40.
- the piezoelectric element forming step S50 will be described (see FIGS. 3 and 4).
- the thickness of the half part (half thickness) of the etching substrate 100a is measured by a stylus method. Not only the stylus method but also the thickness of the half part can be measured with a film thickness measuring instrument using a mercury lamp or a laser scanning film thickness measuring instrument normally used in the inspection process of semiconductor manufacturing. good.
- the film thickness of the piezoelectric film 42 of the piezoelectric element 40 is set.
- the present inventors have investigated the relationship between the thickness t of the piezoelectric film and the set resonance frequency Fo.
- the characteristics shown in the graph of FIG. 6 were obtained.
- this characteristic is referred to as piezoelectric film thickness-set resonance frequency characteristic.
- the film thickness t of the piezoelectric film 42 (hereinafter referred to as the set film thickness t) in accordance with the above-described set resonance frequency Fo based on the film thickness one set resonance frequency characteristic of the piezoelectric film. )).
- the set resonance frequency Fo is 26.0 (kHz)
- the set film thickness t is 1.0 m) according to the film thickness-set resonance frequency characteristics of the piezoelectric film in FIG.
- the resonance frequency of the reflection mirror 30 of the optical scanner 200 before the formation of the piezoelectric film after the processing of the oxide pattern film removal step S40 is determined.
- the present inventors have determined that the resonance frequency of the reflection mirror 30 of the optical scanner 200 (hereinafter referred to as the resonance frequency f before film formation) after the removal of both oxide pattern films and before the formation of the piezoelectric film
- the resonance frequency f before film formation the resonance frequency of the reflection mirror 30 of the optical scanner 200
- the characteristics shown in the graph of Fig. 7 were obtained.
- this characteristic is referred to as a resonance frequency half-thickness characteristic before piezoelectric film formation.
- the pre-film formation resonance is performed according to the half thickness measured in the half-site thickness measurement step S51. Determine the frequency f.
- the resonance frequency f before film formation according to the half-thickness characteristic in FIG. 7 is 25.0 (kHz). It is.
- the adjustment amount of the film thickness of the piezoelectric film is determined in the next film thickness adjustment amount determination step S54.
- the present inventors examined how the difference between the set resonance frequency Fo and the resonance frequency f before film formation causes excess and deficiency with respect to the set film thickness t. . Specifically, the thickness adjustment amount ⁇ t of the piezoelectric film caused by the frequency deviation ⁇ F between the set resonance frequency Fo and the resonance frequency f before the piezoelectric film deposition is expressed as the variation in the thickness of the silicon substrate. I examined it in consideration.
- the characteristic is the film thickness adjustment amount of the piezoelectric film. This is called frequency deviation characteristic.
- the frequency deviation amount AF between the above-described set resonance frequency Fo and the resonance frequency f before film formation of the piezoelectric film is calculated.
- the film thickness adjustment amount of the piezoelectric film is determined based on the frequency shift amount characteristic.
- the adjusted film thickness of the piezoelectric film is determined.
- the sputtering time Ts required for forming the piezoelectric film is determined.
- a characteristic indicating the relationship between the sputtering time Ts and the adjusted film thickness to as shown in the graph of FIG. 9 (hereinafter referred to as the sputtering time adjusted film thickness characteristic) is used. Therefore, based on the sputtering time-adjusted film thickness characteristics Sputtering time Ts is determined according to the adjusted film thickness to. If the approximate straight line portion of the graph of FIG. 9 is used, the sputtering time Ts is determined as a proportional value using the adjusted film thickness to.
- the lower electrode film 120 is formed on the etching substrate 100a. A film is formed over the entire surface (see Fig. 5 (d)).
- the piezoelectric film 130 is formed over the entire lower electrode film 120 as follows (see FIG. 5 (e)).
- the piezoelectric film 130 is formed by performing sputtering on the lower electrode film 120 using the piezoelectric material for the sputtering time Ts determined as described above.
- the sputtering is performed during the sputtering time Ts while maintaining a constant distance between the target and the etching substrate 100a.
- the film thickness force adjustment film thickness to of the piezoelectric film 130 is obtained.
- the upper electrode film 140 is formed on the piezoelectric film 130 by the sputtering process of gold (Au) (FIG. 5 (f) reference).
- portions of the upper electrode film 140, the piezoelectric film 130, and the lower electrode film 120 other than the corresponding portions with respect to the surface of each beam 20 are removed. (See Fig. 5 (g)). Accordingly, the upper electrode film 140, the piezoelectric film 130, and the lower electrode film 120 are formed as the upper electrode 43, the piezoelectric film 42, and the lower electrode 41 on each corresponding beam 20. Thereby, each piezoelectric element 40 is formed on each corresponding beam 20, and the manufacture of the optical scanner 200 is completed.
- the resonance frequency of the reflection mirror 30 is inspected by driving the optical scanner 200 manufactured as described above.
- the optical scanner 200 is regarded as non-defective because the resonance frequency of the optical scanner manufactured as described above is equal to the set resonance frequency Fo. This completes the optical scanner manufacturing process.
- the set film thickness t is set to the film thickness of the piezoelectric film.
- the resonance frequency f is set according to the set resonance frequency Fo
- the resonance frequency f before the piezoelectric film is formed is piezoelectric according to the thickness of the knife portion measured after etching the silicon substrate 100.
- the film thickness adjustment amount ⁇ t of the piezoelectric film is determined based on the film thickness adjustment amount frequency deviation amount characteristic (see Fig. 8) of the piezoelectric film.
- the thickness of the film to be adjusted is determined according to the amount of frequency deviation
- the film thickness to be adjusted is determined according to the set film thickness t and the film thickness adjustment amount At
- the sputtering time Ts is determined by the sputtering time—adjusted film thickness characteristics (see Fig. 9 ) Is determined according to the adjustment film thickness to.
- the piezoelectric film having the adjusted film thickness to is formed by sputtering during the sputtering time Ts.
- the resonance frequency of the optical scanner 200 can be set in the piezoelectric element formation process even if there is a variation in the thickness of the silicon substrate. Can be adjusted accurately. For this reason, it is not necessary to etch the silicon substrate in order to ensure the set resonance frequency Fo again after the inspection in the resonance frequency inspection process. As a result, it is possible to adjust the resonance frequency of the optical scanner 200 to the set resonance frequency Fo with high accuracy while eliminating the need for an extra process for manufacturing the optical scanner 200.
- the manufacture of the optical scanner 200 since the set resonance frequency Fo is ensured by adjusting the film thickness of the piezoelectric film over the piezoelectric element forming step as described above, the manufacture of the optical scanner 200 has normal variations. It is sufficient to use an inexpensive general-purpose silicon substrate having a thickness.
- the optical scanner 200 is manufactured in consideration of the dimensions other than the thickness b of the beam 20 and the thickness of the reflecting mirror 30 on the right side of the expression (1) described in the first embodiment. Is done.
- characteristic portions of the second embodiment will be described.
- the thickness of the part where the reflecting mirror 30 is formed in the etching substrate 100a (hereinafter, referred to as the thickness of the half part of the etching substrate 100a) (Also referred to as the mirror forming site thickness).
- the thickness of the reflecting mirror 30 is equal to the thickness of the silicon substrate 100.
- the film thickness t of the piezoelectric film is based on the film thickness one set resonance frequency characteristic of the piezoelectric film in FIG. It is determined using the set resonance frequency Fo.
- the reflection frequency of the reflection mirror 30 of the optical scanner 200 before the formation of the piezoelectric film after the processing of the oxide film removal step S40 is performed.
- the characteristics representing the relationship between the resonance frequency before film deposition of the piezoelectric film and the thickness of the mirror formation part are added. To be determined.
- resonance frequency before film formation of the piezoelectric film is This is shown in the graph of FIG.
- the resonance frequency before film formation is determined according to the measured thickness of the mirror formation part based on the thickness characteristic of the resonance frequency before forming the piezoelectric film and the mirror formation part. For example, by adding a certain ratio of the resonance frequency before film formation to the resonance frequency before film formation resonance frequency-half thickness characteristic force, the resonance before film formation in the second embodiment is added. The frequency is determined. Based on the pre-deposition resonance frequency determined in this way, each of the film thickness adjustment amount determination step S54 and the sputtering time determination step S56 described in the first embodiment is performed.
- the set resonance frequency Fo is ensured by adding the thickness of the reflecting mirror 30 to the thickness of the beam 20, and as a result, compared to the first embodiment.
- the optical scanner is manufactured so as to ensure the set resonance frequency Fo more accurately.
- the third embodiment will be described.
- the dimensions other than the thickness b of the beam 20 on the right side of the expression (1) described in the first embodiment, the width and length of the beam 20, and the width or length of the reflecting mirror 30 are described.
- the optical scanner 200 is manufactured in consideration of the thickness (diameter). Below, the characteristic part of 3rd Embodiment is demonstrated.
- the piezoelectric element forming step S50 described in the first embodiment is performed.
- the processing is performed as follows.
- the width and length of the part where the beam 20 is formed in the etching substrate 100a (hereinafter referred to as the following) Further, the diameter of the part where the reflecting mirror 30 is formed in the etching substrate 100a (hereinafter also referred to as the mirror forming part diameter! Is further measured.
- the film thickness t of the piezoelectric film is based on the film thickness one set resonance frequency characteristic of the piezoelectric film in FIG. It is determined using the set resonance frequency Fo.
- the reflection frequency of the reflection mirror 30 of the optical scanner 200 before the formation of the piezoelectric film after the processing of the oxide film removal step S40 is performed.
- Resonance frequency before piezoelectric film deposition—half thickness characteristics (see Fig. 7), resonance frequency before film deposition, beam formation site width characteristics (see Fig. 11), resonance frequency before film deposition, beam formation site length characteristics (Fig. 7) 12) and the resonance frequency before film formation is determined in consideration of the diameter characteristics of the mirror forming part (see Fig. 13).
- the resonance frequency before film formation—beam formation site width characteristic shown in FIG. 11 represents the relationship between the resonance frequency before film formation of the piezoelectric film described above and the beam formation site width.
- the pre-deposition resonance frequency beam formation site length characteristics shown in FIG. 12 represent the relationship between the above-described resonance frequency before film formation of the piezoelectric film and the beam formation site length.
- the resonance frequency before film formation-diameter formation site diameter characteristic shown in FIG. 13 represents the relationship between the resonance frequency before film formation of the piezoelectric film described above and the diameter of the mirror formation part.
- the resonance frequency before film formation is determined as follows, as in the second embodiment, which is obtained in consideration of the thickness of the reflection mirror 30 as well. That is, the resonance frequency before film formation is obtained based on the measurement width of the beam forming part based on the resonance frequency before film formation and the beam forming part width characteristic, and the beam is formed based on the resonance frequency before film forming and the length characteristic of the beam forming part.
- the resonance frequency before film formation is determined according to the measurement length of the formation site, and the resonance frequency before film formation is determined according to the measurement diameter of the mirror formation site based on the resonance frequency of the mirror formation site. .
- the resonance frequency before film formation obtained from the resonance frequency before film formation-half thickness characteristic is adjusted.
- This resonance frequency before film formation is determined as the resonance frequency before film formation in the third embodiment. Based on the resonance frequency before film formation determined in this way, each of the film thickness adjustment amount determination step S54 and the sputtering time determination step S56 described in the first embodiment is performed.
- the set resonance frequency Fo is ensured by adding the width and length of the beam 20 and the diameter of the reflection mirror 30 to the thickness of the beam 20 as a result.
- the optical scanner is manufactured so as to ensure the set resonance frequency Fo more accurately than in the first embodiment.
- the resonance frequency before film formation is determined in consideration of the thickness of the reflection mirror 30 described in the second embodiment, so that the resonance frequency before film formation is further determined.
- the optical scanner is manufactured so as to ensure the set resonance frequency Fo with high accuracy.
- the mirror frequency in the resonance frequency before film formation-mirror forming portion diameter characteristic (see FIG. 13)
- the formation site diameter is defined as the mirror formation site width
- a characteristic (see FIG. 14) representing the relationship between the resonance frequency before film formation and the mirror formation site length is employed.
- this characteristic is referred to as a resonance frequency before film formation—a length at which a mirror is formed.
- the resonance frequency before piezoelectric film formation instead of the resonance frequency before film formation—diameter characteristic of the mirror formation site, the resonance frequency before piezoelectric film formation, the width characteristic of the mirror formation site and the resonance frequency before film formation, and the length characteristic of the mirror formation site Resonance frequencies before film formation are determined according to the measurement width and measurement length of the mirror forming part. Then, considering the degree of influence of the width and length of the mirror forming portion on the set resonance frequency Fo instead of the mirror forming portion diameter, the resonance frequency before forming the piezoelectric film—half thickness characteristic card The resonance frequency before film formation required is adjusted, and this adjusted resonance frequency before film formation is determined as the resonance frequency before film formation. Based on the resonance frequency before film formation determined in this way, it is described in the first embodiment. Each process of film thickness adjustment amount determination step S54 and sputtering time determination step S56 is performed. Thus, the optical scanner is manufactured so as to ensure the set resonance frequency Fo more accurately than in the third embodiment.
- the film thickness adjustment amount ⁇ t may be determined based on the frequency deviation amount ⁇ F, and the sputtering time Ts may be determined based on the film thickness adjustment amount ⁇ t.
- the piezoelectric film of the piezoelectric element may be formed by a film forming method such as an AD method instead of the film forming method by sputtering.
- the manufacturing method of the resonant vibration device includes the thickness measurement step (S51) for measuring the thickness of the substrate and the resonance of the vibration element based on the thickness of the substrate measured in the thickness measurement step.
- the piezoelectric film formation condition determining step (S52 to S55) for determining the piezoelectric film formation conditions so that the frequency caused by vibration becomes a desired resonance frequency, and the piezoelectric film formation conditions determined in the piezoelectric film formation condition determination step.
- a piezoelectric element forming step (S56 to S59a) for forming a piezoelectric element.
- the reference numerals in parentheses for each component described above are shown in order to clarify the correspondence between each component and the specific means described in the above embodiment, and the present invention is described in this embodiment. It is used to limit, not to be ...
- the thickness of the beam forming portion of the substrate may be measured as the thickness of the substrate.
- the piezoelectric film formation condition determined in the piezoelectric film formation condition determination step is the film thickness of the piezoelectric film corresponding to the desired resonance frequency. It may be.
- the piezoelectric film formation condition As described above, by setting the piezoelectric film formation condition to the film thickness of the piezoelectric film corresponding to the desired resonance frequency, the effect of achieving the desired resonance frequency with higher accuracy can be achieved. Can be improved.
- the thickness of the vibrating element forming portion of the substrate is further measured.
- the thickness of the vibrating element is added to the thickness of the beam forming part so that the resonance frequency of the vibrating element becomes the desired resonance frequency.
- the film thickness of the piezoelectric film may be determined.
- the thickness of the piezoelectric film is adjusted so as to obtain the desired resonance frequency of the vibration element by adding the thickness of the formation part of the vibration element to the thickness of the formation part of the beam.
- the piezoelectric film of the piezoelectric element can be formed with higher accuracy. As a result, the effect that the desired resonance frequency can be achieved with high accuracy is further improved.
- the thickness measurement step in addition to the thickness of the beam forming portion of the substrate, the width and length of the beam forming portion and the substrate The width and length of the vibration element forming portion are further measured, and in the piezoelectric film forming condition determining step, the beam forming portion thickness and the beam forming portion width and length, and the base plate of the beam forming portion are determined.
- the film thickness of the piezoelectric film may be determined so that the frequency due to the resonance vibration of the vibration element is set to the desired resonance frequency in consideration of the width and length of the site where the vibration element is formed.
- the thickness of the beam forming portion is added to the width and length of the beam forming portion and the width and length of the vibration element forming portion of the substrate.
- the piezoelectric element forming step determines the formation time of the piezoelectric film based on the film thickness of the piezoelectric film that is the piezoelectric film formation condition.
- a determination step (S56), and forming the piezoelectric film of the piezoelectric element It's okay if it's done with the time.
- the piezoelectric film of the piezoelectric element is formed with the formation time of the piezoelectric film determined based on the film thickness of the piezoelectric film, a desired resonance frequency can be achieved with high accuracy. The effect of being able to be done can be improved more specifically.
- the piezoelectric film in the method for manufacturing the resonant vibration device, in the piezoelectric element forming step, can be formed using a sputtering method or an AD method.
- the piezoelectric film formation condition determining step (al) determining the film thickness t of the piezoelectric film based on a characteristic representing the relationship between the desired resonance frequency Fo and the film thickness of the piezoelectric film, a2) determining a resonance frequency f before formation of the piezoelectric film based on a characteristic representing a relationship between the thickness of the substrate and the resonance frequency of the vibration element before formation of the piezoelectric film; and (a3) the resonance frequency f and the desired frequency
- the film thickness adjustment amount ⁇ t is determined on the basis of the characteristic representing the relationship between AF, which is a deviation from the resonance frequency F o, and the film thickness adjustment amount of the piezoelectric film, and (a4) the determined film thickness of the piezoelectric film Based on the thickness t and the film thickness adjustment amount ⁇ t, the post-adjustment film thickness to of the piezoelectric film is determined, and the determined post-adjustment film thickness to is used as the formation condition of the piezoelectric film. Consists
- the film thickness can be adjusted with high accuracy, and as a result, the effect that the desired resonance frequency can be achieved with high accuracy can be further improved.
- FIGS. 17 (a) to 17 (g) show changes in the cross-sectional structure during the manufacturing process of the optical scanner 200 in a cross section taken along line B-B in FIG.
- FIGS. 18 (a) to 18 (g) show changes in the cross-sectional structure during the manufacturing process of the optical scanner 200 in the cross section taken along the line AA in FIG.
- the surface side oxide film 110 is formed on the silicon substrate 1 as shown in FIGS. 17 (a) and 18 (a).
- a back surface side oxide film 110 is formed on the back surface 102 of the silicon substrate 100.
- the process of the photolithographic process S112 is performed.
- a photoresist is applied to each outer surface of both the front and back surfaces of the oxide film 110, and FIG. 17 (b) and FIG. As shown in (b), a front side resist film 120 and a back side resist film 120 are formed.
- both resist films 120 are masked in a predetermined shape to expose both resist films 120, and thereafter, in the development step S 112c, both resist films 120 are developed. Is given. Accordingly, both resist films 120 are partially removed so as to have a predetermined pattern shape as shown in FIGS. 17 (c) and 18 (c) to form both resist pattern films 120a and 120b. It is formed. As a result, the processing of the photolithographic process S112 is completed.
- each reference numeral 121, 122 ⁇ shows a cross section along the line B-B in Fig. 1 of both resist film 120a, 120b.
- each reference numeral 123 indicates a cross-section along the AA line in FIG. 1 in the front-side resist pattern film 120a, and each reference numeral 124 and 125 in the back-side resist pattern film 120b.
- a cross section along the line A—A in Fig. 1 is shown.
- the cross section indicated by reference numeral 121 corresponds to the cross section of the central portion in the front-rear direction of the frame 10 of the optical scanner 200
- the cross section indicated by reference numeral 122 corresponds to the reflection mirror 30 of the optical scanner 200.
- the cross sections indicated by reference numerals 123 and 124 correspond to the cross section of the rear side portion of the frame 10 of the optical scanner 200
- the cross sections indicated by reference numerals 125 indicate the rear of the optical scanner 200.
- both resist pattern films 120a, 120b are removed from both oxide pattern films 110a and 110b (see FIGS. 17E and 18E). Thus, the process of patterning step S110 is completed.
- the substrate etching step S120 will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the silicon substrate 100 is subjected to an etching process through both oxide film patterns 110a and 11Ob.
- the following (cl) to (c3) are considered in the processing of the substrate etching step S120.
- the predetermined resonance frequency Fo is greatly influenced by the thickness b of the beam 20 as shown in the equation (1) and (2). Also, the thickness of the silicon substrate 100 varies within a range of 90 m) to L 10 m).
- the present inventors examined the relationship between the predetermined resonance frequency Fo and the variation in the thickness of the silicon substrate 100 using the equation (1). . Specifically, the present inventors change the half thickness that uniquely corresponds to the thickness of the beam / thin wall portion forming portion of the silicon substrate 100 to obtain a predetermined resonance frequency Fo by the equation (1). I calculated based on.
- the predetermined resonance frequency half thickness characteristic a characteristic representing an approximate linear relationship between the predetermined resonance frequency and the half thickness (hereinafter referred to as the predetermined resonance frequency half thickness characteristic) is shown in the graph of FIG. It was obtained. According to the predetermined resonance frequency half-thickness characteristic, it can be found that the predetermined resonance frequency Fo changes substantially linearly as shown in the graph of FIG.
- the predetermined resonance frequency Fo is 25.5 (kHz) based on the predetermined resonance frequency-half thickness characteristic. If the half thickness is 55 m), the predetermined resonance frequency Fo is 29 (kHz) based on the resonance frequency-half thickness characteristic.
- the change rate of the predetermined resonance frequency is shown in the graph of FIG. 20 according to the change in the half thickness. As shown, it was a change that changed. According to this graph, for example, when the thickness of the silicon substrate 100 is 100 (m), that is, when the half thickness is 50 (m), the change rate of the predetermined resonance frequency is 0 (%).
- the silicon substrate 100 has a thickness of 100 (m)
- the error in forming the beam / thinned portion forming portion of the silicon substrate to the half thickness is the most severe.
- an error in forming the beam / thin portion forming portion in the silicon substrate to the half thickness becomes loose.
- the thickness of the silicon substrate 100 varies within the range of 90 m) to: L 10 m
- the thickness of the silicon substrate 100 is 90 for manufacturing the optical scanner 200.
- the predetermined resonance frequency Fo should be the predetermined resonance frequency when the optical scanner 200 is also manufactured with a silicon substrate force of 90 ( ⁇ m) thickness.
- Etching of the silicon substrate 100 is wet etching using an etchant. However, as shown in the graph of FIG. 21, the thickness of the substrate is reduced as the etching time of the silicon substrate 100 is increased. Yes.
- the etching time is influenced by at least one of the temperature and the concentration of the etchant and varies. Specifically, when the substrate thickness is constant, the etching time becomes shorter as the etching solution concentration or temperature is higher, and conversely, the etching time is longer as the etching solution concentration or temperature is lower. In other words, the graph of FIG. 21 moves downward in the figure as the concentration or temperature of the etching solution increases on the coordinate plane, and conversely moves upward in the drawing as the concentration or temperature of the etching solution decreases. To do.
- the etching time required to reduce the silicon substrate 100 to the half thickness is the etching time up to the half thickness of the beam / thin wall portion forming portion of the silicon substrate 100.
- the etching time for thinning the beam / thinned portion forming portion of the silicon substrate 100 to the half thickness can be determined. It means to be strong.
- the etching time can be determined based on the graph of FIG.
- the processing of the substrate etching step S120 will be described in detail below.
- the thickness of the silicon substrate 100 is measured.
- the etching condition determination step S122 a half thickness (nof thickness) of the measured thickness of the silicon substrate 100 is obtained, and this half thickness is determined as an etching amount.
- the etching time is determined based on the graph of FIG. This etching time is defined as the main etching time.
- the half thickness is 45 m). Therefore, since the etching amount is 45 m), the main etching time is 70 (minutes) based on the graph of FIG. Further, when the measured thickness of the silicon substrate 100 is 100 m), the half thickness is 50 m). Therefore, since the etching amount is 50 m), the main etching time is 80 (minutes) based on the graph of FIG.
- the next main etching step S123 is performed. Specifically, the etching solution is accommodated in an etching tank (not shown), and the silicon substrate 100 is immersed in the etching liquid in the etching tank for the main etching time. As a result, the silicon substrate 100 is subjected to anisotropic wet etching with the etching solution via the two oxide pattern films 110a and 110b. this Accordingly, the silicon substrate 100 is formed as the main etching substrate 100a (see FIG. 17 (f) and FIG. 18 (f)).
- an etching solution supply line and a pure water supply line (not shown) are connected to the etching bath.
- the temperature and concentration of the etching solution in the etching tank are detected by a temperature sensor and a concentration sensor, respectively.
- the etching liquid having the etching liquid supply line force and the pure water from the pure water supply line is supplied into the etching tank based on the detection output of the concentration sensor, and the etching tank is supplied.
- the concentration of the etching solution inside is adjusted so as to be kept constant.
- the temperature of the etching solution in the etching tank is maintained at a constant temperature (for example, 23 (° C)) with a heating device (not shown!) Based on the detection output of the temperature sensor. Adjusted.
- the penetration confirmation step S124 the penetration state of the main etching substrate 100a is visually confirmed by a transmission type sensor or a reflection type sensor.
- the half thickness measurement step S 125 the half thickness after etching of the beam thin-wall forming portion of the main etching substrate 100 a is measured.
- the etching on the silicon substrate 100 is completed.
- the measured thickness after etching of the beam-thinned portion forming portion is thicker than half of the thickness 90 (m) of the silicon substrate 100, the main etching substrate 100a needs to be further etched. is there.
- the main etching substrate 100a is further etched (additional etching or overetching) through the two oxide pattern films 110a and 110b.
- the main etching substrate 100a is immersed in the etching solution in the etching tank for the additional etching time via the two oxide film patterns 110a and 110b, and is wet-etched in the same manner as described above.
- the thickness of the beam / thin wall portion forming portion of the main etching substrate 100a is 1 ⁇ 2 of the thickness 90 ( ⁇ m) of the silicon substrate 100.
- the main etching of the silicon substrate 100 to its half thickness is greater than the half thickness force of 5 ( ⁇ m), in this case, it corresponds to the difference between the half thickness and 45 ( ⁇ m).
- the beam / thin wall portion forming portion of the main etching substrate 100a is further etched for an additional etching amount or an additional etching time to form an additional etching substrate.
- the predetermined resonance frequency Fo is 27.5 (kHz).
- the resonance frequency of the optical scanner manufactured when the thickness of the silicon substrate 100 which is the lower limit of the thickness variation range, is 90 (m), is 24 (kHz)
- the resonance frequency of the optical scanner manufactured when the thickness of the silicon substrate 100 which is the lower limit of the thickness variation range, is 90 (m)
- the main etching is 50 (m) and then 5 ( ⁇ m) is added.
- both the oxide pattern films 110a and 110b are also removed from the main etching substrate 100a or the additional etching substrate force. (See 017 (g) and Figure 18 (g)).
- the processing of the drive element forming step S140 (see FIG. 15) is performed.
- the lower electrode film forming step S141 the lower electrode film is formed over the entire surface of the main etching substrate 100a or the additional etching substrate.
- the piezoelectric film is formed over the entire lower electrode film, and the upper electrode film is formed over the entire piezoelectric film in the next upper electrode film forming step S143. .
- the resonance frequency of the reflection mirror 30 is inspected by driving the optical scanner 200 in the resonance frequency inspection step S150.
- the resonant frequency force of the manufactured optical scanner is equal to a predetermined resonant frequency Fo when the thickness of the silicon substrate 100 is 90 (m), so that the optical scanner 200 is a non-defective product.
- the thickness of the silicon substrate 100 is equal to the substrate thickness measuring step S121.
- the etching time is determined in the etching condition determination step S122 based on the etching amount corresponding to one half of the measured thickness (the thickness of the wafer), based on the graph of FIG.
- the etching solution is determined.
- the beam-thinned portion forming portion of the silicon substrate 100 is wet-etched during the etching time using the etching solution. At this time, the concentration and temperature of the etching solution are kept constant.
- the thickness force after etching of the beam-thinned portion forming portion of the main etching substrate formed by such wet etching is measured in the half thickness measurement step S125. If this measured thickness is the same as one half (half thickness) of the lower limit of the thickness variation range of the silicon substrate 100 (half thickness), etching on the silicon substrate 100 is performed as described above. The main etching process SI 23 is completed only in the process.
- the main etching is performed in the additional etching step S126. After the substrate is etched, the beam thin-wall forming portion is further etched.
- the etching amount corresponding to the difference between the thickness of the beam-thinned portion forming portion of the main etching substrate and the half thickness of the lower limit 90 (m) of the variation range of the thickness of the silicon substrate 100 is determined as the additional etching amount, and the additional etching time corresponding to this additional etching amount is determined based on the graph of FIG. Then, the main etching substrate is further wet etched in the same manner as described above for the additional etching time.
- the resonance frequency is adjusted to the same as that obtained in m).
- the predetermined resonant frequency force that is one of the characteristics of the optical scanner manufactured from the silicon substrate 100 is 90m. In this case, the resonance frequency is adjusted to a predetermined resonance frequency set by the half thickness.
- the beam 'thin wall portion forming portion of the silicon substrate 100 is formed. After the main etching is performed to the half thickness, additional etching is further performed to half of the lower limit value (90 (m)) of the variation range of the thickness of the silicon substrate 100.
- the etching conditions are adjusted during the etching condition determination step, and the beam of the silicon substrate 100 is adjusted in the main etching step or the main etching step and the additional etching step.
- the thickness of the thin-walled portion is adjusted by etching.
- the etching process of the silicon substrate 100 has a predetermined resonance frequency set at one half of the lower limit value 90 (m) of the thickness variation range of the silicon substrate 100. It can be done with high accuracy to ensure high accuracy.
- the predetermined resonance frequency force of the optical scanner 200 is 90 (m). In the case of having a thickness of 5 mm, the resonance frequency is accurately adjusted to a predetermined resonance frequency set by the half thickness.
- the above-described two-stage etching process is performed, so that the beam / thin wall portion forming part is etched during the main etching.
- Etching the silicon substrate as a whole is easy if the precision is reduced and the etching of the thin-walled portion forming portion of the beam after the main etching is performed accurately during additional etching.
- a predetermined resonance frequency of the optical scanner can be ensured with high accuracy. Therefore, after the inspection in the resonance frequency inspection step S150, it is not necessary to perform etching on the beam / thin wall portion forming portion of the silicon substrate in order to secure a predetermined resonance frequency again. As a result, it is possible to accurately adjust the predetermined resonance frequency of the optical scanner 200 to a desired setting value while eliminating the need for an extra process for the manufacturing process of the optical scanner 200.
- the predetermined resonance frequency is set to a desired setting value. It is easy to determine the etching conditions.
- the conventional etching method can be used as it is. Therefore, the manufacturing method described in the first embodiment is a method that is inexpensive and very efficient.
- the fourth embodiment particularly in the case of manufacturing an optical scanner using the micromachining technology, the low cost and the management for a small amount of various products are likely to occur. Even from a viewpoint, it is possible to provide a very efficient manufacturing method.
- the force for etching the silicon substrate based on the lower limit value 90 (m) of the variation range of the thickness of the silicon substrate is replaced with this. Therefore, if a silicon substrate is etched based on a thickness (for example, 85 m) thinner than the above lower limit value 90 (m), a silicon substrate having a lower limit value 90 ( ⁇ m) can be easily and accurately determined. As a result, it is possible to ensure the resonance frequency.
- the beam of the silicon substrate is '
- the thin-walled portion formation site was mainly etched to its half thickness, and then additional etching was performed up to half the lower limit.
- the main etching described above may be performed to a thickness other than the half thickness, and the additional etching described above may be performed to a thickness other than one half of the lower limit value!
- the etching solution in the etching tank is used to adjust the etching time for the same etching amount.
- the concentration of is controlled.
- at least one of the etching liquid supply line force to the etching tank and the pure water supply amount from the pure water supply line is controlled according to the detection output of the concentration sensor.
- the graph of FIG. 21 moves on the coordinate plane in accordance with the concentration of the etching solution in the etching tank. Assuming that this is done, it is used that the graph of FIG. 22 moves on the coordinate plane in accordance with the concentration of the etching solution.
- the slope of the etching rate increases as the etching solution concentration increases on the coordinate plane, and conversely, the etching rate decreases as the etching solution concentration decreases. The inclination of is smaller.
- the above etching solution is controlled by decreasing the etching solution supply amount corresponding to the etching solution supply line force described above.
- the concentration of the etching solution in the tank is reduced.
- the etching time is determined to be shorter than the same etching amount.
- the concentration of the etching solution in the etching tank is controlled by increasing the amount of etching solution supplied from the above-described etching solution supply line. Increase.
- the etching time is determined to be long with respect to the same etching amount.
- the silicon substrate 10 The etching time of the above-mentioned beam / thin-wall forming portion of 0 becomes longer, and a gentle etching process is performed and obtained.
- Other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the fourth embodiment.
- the etching liquid in the etching bath is adjusted. Is controlled in accordance with the detection output of the temperature sensor.
- the graph of FIG. 21 moves on the coordinate plane according to the temperature of the etching solution in the etching tank. Assuming that this is done, it is used that the graph of FIG. 22 moves on the coordinate plane according to the temperature of the etching solution. In detail, the dull in FIG. 22 moves downward in the figure as the temperature of the etching solution is higher on the coordinate plane, and conversely moves upward in the drawing as the temperature of the etching solution is lower. To do.
- the temperature of the etching solution in the etching tank is increased.
- the etching time is determined to be shorter than the same etching amount.
- the etching time for the thin-walled portion forming portion of the silicon substrate 100 is shortened and a rapid etching process is performed.
- the temperature of the etching solution in the etching bath is lowered. Accordingly, in the graph of FIG. 22, the etching time is determined to be long with respect to the same etching amount. As a result, the etching time of the above-mentioned beam / thin wall portion forming portion of the silicon substrate 100 becomes long, and a gentle etching process is performed.
- Other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the fourth embodiment.
- a stainless steel substrate may be used instead of the silicon substrate.
- the optical scanner 200 is not limited to the one having both the front and rear beams 20 and may have one beam before and after.
- V3 Galvano device that scans using resonance vibrations not limited to optical scanners or acceleration sensor that detects acceleration using resonance vibrations The present invention may be applied to various other resonant vibration devices such as sensors.
- the etching of the silicon substrate is not limited to wet etching, but may be dry etching, for example.
- the manufacturing method of the resonant vibration device includes the thickness measurement step (S121) for measuring the thickness of the substrate and the above-mentioned among the substrates based on the thickness of the substrate measured in the thickness measurement step.
- the thickness of the beam forming portion of the substrate may be measured as the thickness of the substrate.
- the etching condition force may be determined so as to obtain the predetermined resonance frequency over the etching time for wet etching with the etching solution. Ryo.
- the etching time is determined based on the measured thickness of the substrate using a predetermined relationship between the etching time and the measured thickness of the substrate, and the resonance frequency and the measured thickness of the substrate are determined.
- the predetermined resonance frequency is determined based on the measured thickness of the substrate using a predetermined relationship between the two, and the etching conditions may be determined so as to obtain the predetermined resonance frequency with the etching time. .
- the etching time determined using the predetermined relationship between the etching time and the measured thickness of the substrate and the predetermined relationship between the resonance frequency and the measured thickness of the substrate are determined.
- the etching time may be adjusted according to at least one of the concentration and temperature of the etching solution.
- the etching time is adjusted in consideration of at least one of the concentration and temperature of the etching solution, and as a result, a desired resonance frequency can be achieved with high accuracy. It can be achieved even more appropriately.
- the desired resonance frequency Is set to the desired resonance frequency, and when the measured thickness of the substrate is larger than the lower limit thickness of the variation range, overetching may be performed until the desired resonance frequency is obtained.
- the desired resonance frequency can be secured as a value in the case of the substrate having the lower limit thickness.
- over-etching is not necessary, and the etching process is simplified.
- the etching condition force is the lower limit of the thickness variation range of the substrate.
- the resonance frequency of the vibration element formed when a substrate having a lower thickness is penetrated in a portion of the substrate to penetrate.
- the first etching condition that is set to the desired resonance frequency and the second etching condition that is different from the first etching condition that is used during the overetching may be provided. .
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Abstract
Description
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| US11/727,840 US7793404B2 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2007-03-28 | Resonant-oscillating-device fabrication method |
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| JP2004288508A JP2006106047A (ja) | 2004-09-30 | 2004-09-30 | 共振振動デバイスの製造方法 |
| JP2004-288077 | 2004-09-30 | ||
| JP2004-288508 | 2004-09-30 | ||
| JP2004288077A JP2006100745A (ja) | 2004-09-30 | 2004-09-30 | 共振振動デバイスの製造方法 |
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| US11/727,840 Continuation-In-Part US7793404B2 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2007-03-28 | Resonant-oscillating-device fabrication method |
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| JP2016095519A (ja) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-05-26 | パイオニア株式会社 | アクチュエータ |
| JP2019056935A (ja) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-11 | パイオニア株式会社 | アクチュエータ |
| US10730742B2 (en) | 2012-01-24 | 2020-08-04 | Pioneer Corporation | Actuator with plurality of torsion bars having varying spring constant |
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| WO2009057801A1 (en) * | 2007-10-30 | 2009-05-07 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of manufacturing oscillator device, and optical deflector and optical instrument with oscillator device based on it |
| JP2009134243A (ja) * | 2007-10-30 | 2009-06-18 | Canon Inc | 揺動体装置の製造方法、該製造方法により製造された揺動体装置によって構成される光偏向器及び光学機器 |
| US8199389B2 (en) * | 2008-03-10 | 2012-06-12 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Vibration elements |
| CN102419283B (zh) * | 2011-09-02 | 2013-09-25 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | 微型拉伸测量组件及其制作方法 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20070180672A1 (en) | 2007-08-09 |
| US7793404B2 (en) | 2010-09-14 |
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